While it was unclear the extent to which assailants were acting on superior orders, at a minimum both sides seemed to enjoy impunity. Police rarely pursued CNDD-FDD supporters linked to violence and in some cases protected them. As one Kinama resident explained, “Both groups have started to attack each other. But the démobilisés benefit from the support of the police. When [the démobilisés] see a JPH, they chase them and trap them.”[41]