The World Heritage site represents smaller areas of an exceptional forest ecosystem and is suffering from an increasing pressure from human activities in the whole region. The network of roads, settlements and agricultural lands as well as past large-scale forestry in the region, clearly have weakened the ecological connectivity of the Hyrcanian forest. The overgrazing inside and outside the site is well documented and have many negative effects on the ecosystem, such as: changed species composition, reduced tree canopy density and increased soil erosion. The illegal use of the forest roads inside the property increase the likelihood of illegal logging, wood collection, grazing and poaching, which all have a potential negative impact on the Outstanding Universal Value.