By leaving, however, many Puerto Ricans—like those of prior decades—are both suffering colonial-capitalist expulsion and refusing in a different way. Labeled “climate refugees,” “energy refugees” or “debt refugees” by some activists and journalists (Aronoff 2018), much of present Puerto Rican mobility can be understood as a refusal to live as a captive in the “debt colony” to use Jerome Roos’s [2018] term. In leaving, migrants may even make the debt unpayable to the extent that Puerto Rico’s government loses its capacity to generate sufficient revenue through taxation. As psychoanalyst Alfredo Carrasquillo succinctly put it, “People protest here by emigrating” (quoted in Gladstone and Casanova-Burguess 2017).