Fazeli and colleagues (2019) stated that in recent years, the administration of stem cells has been considered a new therapeutic option for UI. These researchers examined the efficacy of MSC transplantation in the treatment of UI. Combinations of the key words “mesenchymal stem cells”, “MSCs”, “urinary incontinence”, “urethral sphincter” and “involuntary urination” were searched in PubMed and Science Direct databases. Following application of exclusion criteria to the 1,946 papers obtained and review and duplicate articles were removed, 23 articles were considered further. The search was limited to the animal model studies. The data obtained from the evaluation of different studies indicated that the injected MSCs play an important role in the neovascularization and the recovery of muscle cells in UI models through the paracrine process. The authors concluded that the available evidence suggested that further trials are needed to be focused on clinical phase of MSC therapy on the patients affected by UI.