"New Books in Islamic Studies" Juliane Hammer, "American Muslim Women, Religious Authority, and Activism: More Than a Prayer" (TV Episode ) Crazy credits on IMDb: Additional scenes, Messages hidden in credits and more. It is important to realize that religious knowledge has been produced within patriarchal states and societies and almost exclusively by men, which may explain why women have been excluded from interpretive communities, even though Muslim women were active participants in the creation of religious knowledge during the early period of Muslim history.