From the standpoint of materials, there are two key dimensions to creating a green economy: (1) refocusing economic life on the selling of services rather than material products, and (2) reorganizing economic activities to either fit within, or mimic, the closed-loop design of natural ecosystemsa lake economy. The first dimension has been called the ecological service economy and it constitutes a radical change in the rules of economic activity. In contrast to the pop notion of service economy, it refers not to the exporting of manufacturing to the Third World, but to a basic change in the aims of economic activity in every sector. It would transform all material output from being the end-goal of economic development into a simple means of meeting social and environmental need. These service-needs include nutrition, access (or mobility), shelter, health, entertainment, etc. Service is another way of describing end-use. As Amory Lovins (1977) initially described this approach to energy two decades ago, we should primarily be concerned with providing hot showers and cold beer, not power plants or fossil fuels. By focusing on the service-need desired, we can creatively discover the most elegant and efficient way (or ways) of meeting this need. Invariably, this allows radical reductions in the amount of matter and energy used, and, more often than not, a much higher level of quality. It is possible to find examples of eco-service in the existing capitalist economy. For instance, there is the much-cited transformation of Xerox into a document company (or more precisely, a document service company) that designs its hardware for eventual disassembly and reuse. On the cutting edge of both green business and green building, there is also Interface Flooring, which is voluntarily implementing extended producer responsibility that drastically reduces waste. Another variation on the theme