But they also discovered that females receive lower student ratings than their male counterparts at what Kray and Chatman refer to as a “critical time” in the women’s careers (when they are just starting out, and they have the highest levels of productivity). These lower ratings could lead to women being refused career advancements such as promotions and tenure. They also found that female instructors lose positive perceptions of competence at a steeper rate than men do as they age. When students gave descriptive feedback about instructors, they used more words overall for women’s evaluations, and also came down harder on women when they weren’t conforming to the stereotype of being “supportive,” “interpersonal” or “warm.” Men who weren’t “warm” weren’t ranked as negatively.