the radical potentials of green production. But initiatives must also begin the process of incremental change in the mainstream. Perhaps the most well-known radical example of benign materials production is that of Bill McDonough and Michael Braungart (2002) in creating a healthy and compostable upholstery fabric for an advanced eco-building in the US. Sixty chemical companies were approached, but only one, the Swiss Ciba-Geigy, accepted the challenge of collaborating with the project team. They considered more than 8,000 chemicals used in the textile industry and eliminated all but 38, from which an entire line of fabrics was created. Regulators testing the effluent from the mill found that the water leaving the plant was as clean as that coming into it. Industrial ecologist Hardin Tibbs (1998, p.62) sees this as a pattern for future ecomanufacturing. The key, he writes, would be first to identify a set of materials which have long-term geophysiological compatibility. A fairly small set of acceptable materials could probably be used to supply eighty percent or more of all production needs. The next step would be to devise clusters of production processes which use some or all these materials, and which can be interlocked ecosystem-style. Once this was done, the resulting industrial clusters or industrial ecosystems might stand a reasonable chance of being stable over time. The kind of innovative cutting-edge work carried on by McDonoughone of the USs leading green architects and former Dean of the University of Virginia School of Architectureand Braungarta chemist and professor who developed GreenpeaceGermanys clean production strategiesis essential to tapping the potentials of green manufacturing. It is desirable to have such advanced high-profile projects in every region which can help set the design imagination free from conventional attitudes around development. But equally important are the wide range of more modest initiatives that