Even though Richard was a Christian, he went to India and learned and mastered the Arabic language and the Hindu religion. This brings out Stephens idea on not only knowing the vocabulary of a language but also acting and speaking like a native. It was because of this that he was able to be admitted to Mecca and Medina as a pilgrim in 1953. For someone to be accepted in a different religion and being able to fit in is what is regarded as cosmopolitanism. In Stephens essay, he just discusses it but Richard does it. The basic point is the common issue of preserving language to protect the culture from being eroded.