It is estimated that Israel is the manufacturer of approximately 40 per cent of all 3D printers worldwide, and more than 1,400 Israeli companies dedicated to life sciences. For example, the company Synergy3DMed designs and prints customise 3D models and surgical instruments. Recently, Tel Aviv University researchers used a 3D bio-printer to create a heart which includes real cells, blood vessels, ventricles and chambers. Another example is the collaboration between Israel’s CollPlant Biotechnologies and the US-based United Therapeutics Corporation to begin the production of 3D-printed kidneys.