The World Heritage site represents the last remnant of an exceptional forest ecosystem and is suffering from an increasing pressure from human activities in the whole region. The vast network of roads, settlements and agricultural lands as well as large scale forestry in the region, clearly have weakened the ecological connectivity of the Hyrcanian forest. The State Party has committed to close the highway in Golestan National Park and enhance the enforcement of all current regulations. Logging, grazing and hunting are already strictly forbidden by law in all components of the World Heritage site, which if implemented will give the ecosystem a chance to recover from previous negative impacts from human use (IUCN, 2019). If current threats are mitigated and the whole region is managed in a more sustainable manner, the Hyrcanian forest's resilience to inevitable human-induced climate change will probably improve.