South Korea is known officially as the Republic of Korea and constitutes the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. The majority of the country’s population is centered around the capital city of Seoul, which has a population of some 25 million people. The nation’s government is a unitary presidential constitutional republic, and its current constitution was put into place in the late 1980s. The country has a land area of approximately 38,690 square miles and a total population of about 51.5 million.