Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation is regarded as an intermediate therapy between pelvic muscle exercise and sacral nerve stimulation (e.g., InterStim). Treatments are usually administered in twelve 30-min sessions. Van der Pal et al (2006a) examined the relationship between quality of life (QoL) and voiding variables in patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction treated with PTNS (n = 30). These investigators concluded that PTNS is useful for treating refractory urge incontinence and should at least be considered as a therapeutic alternative before resorting to aggressive surgery. Patients must have a reduction of greater than or equal to 2 pads/day before their QoL improves, and this might be the best definition of successful therapy for patients with urge UI. De Gennaro and colleagues (2004) assessed pain tolerability and the preliminary results of PTNS in children with unresponsive lower urinary tract symptoms (n = 23). These researchers concluded that PTNS is safe, minimally painful and feasible in children. It seems helpful for treating refractive non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms. This is in agreement with the findings of Hoebeke et al (2002) who reported that PTNS has a significant effect on voiding frequency, the uroflowmetry curve and bladder capacity in children with non-neurogenic bladder sphincter dysfunction. van Balken (2007) stated that PTNS is carried out in 12 weekly sessions of 30 mins each, through a percutaneously placed needle cephalad to the medial malleolus. Success can be obtained in about 2/3 of patients.