[62]Before September 2006, FNL members were regularly charged with the crime of “Participation in Armed Bands,” a violation of Articles 419-421 of the Criminal Code. According to the law, “armed bands” are those who seek to “trouble the state” by attempting to destroy or change the constitutional regime, mobilize citizens to take up arms against the state, attack the national territory, or organize massacres. Though the arrest of FNL members was itself in accordance with the law, many arrests involved procedural violations, and on numerous occasions detainees were tortured. Décret-loi no. 1/6 du 4 Avril 1981 portant réforme du code pénal, art. 412, 417, and 419-421; Human Rights Watch, Burundi: Missteps at a Crucial Moment, 2005; Warning Signs: Continuing Abuses in Burundi, 2006; “We flee when we see them”: Abuses with Impunity at the National Intelligence Service in Burundi, 2006.