recycling is more consistent with globalizations giant loops of production and consumption. Reutilization activities also reduce the speed of flow of materials through the economy, something which recycling does not do (Stahel, 1994). Keeping as much as possible of the economys materials circulating in the #1 loop is basically a design question, involving both the design of products (e.g. design for disassembly) and the design of economic relationships and infrastructure.