The level of resistin in cord blood of infants born to mothers with diabetes (67.3 ± 48.4 ng/ml, n = 42) were significantly higher (P = 0.03) than those born to control women (50.4 ± 35.2 ng/ml, n = 81) (Fig. 1a). Cord blood resistin levels were significantly higher compared to the corresponding maternal blood resistin levels in control (Fig. 1b) and women with diabetes (Fig. 1c). Concentrations of human resistin in cord sera correlated significantly (R = 0.4, P = 0.002) with maternal glucose concentrations measured 2 h after oral glucose challenge (OGTT, Fig. 2) during the second trimester of pregnancy. The correlation of cord blood resistin concentrations with maternal HbA1C at delivery was approaching significance (P = 0.057), whereas there were no significant correlations between cord blood resistin with maternal age, BMI, or gestational age at birth (Table 2).