{"text":["Yes, it might take time. It might take a long time. It might - the effort to do that might outlast a presidency. If that's true, all the more reason to begin this now so that we can see results in my lifetime.","So this is a hugely ambitious proposal that you are laying out now. And there will be people who ask, why is it that a two-term mayor of South Bend, Ind. - a town that many Americans won't have even heard of - a white guy, is the person who can heal America's deepest wound that has caused hundreds of years of inequities?","Frankly, it's twice as important. If you're a white candidate, it is twice as important for you to be talking about racial inequity and not just describing the problem which is fashionable in politics but actually talking about what we're going to do about it and describing the outcomes we're trying to solve for. I think we'll know we're getting somewhere when this is not regarded as some specialty issue that candidates of color talk about or that we only talk about when addressing voters of color.","This is a conversation that, frankly, white America needs to have too because white America needs to face the roots of these inequities and the fact of systemic racism all around us. It's the air we breathe."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["From NPR News, this is Day to Day. The ethics problem at the Interior Department continues to unfold, specifically in the little-known but powerful Minerals Management Service. The Interior Department's watchdog reports that employees in that division accepted gifts, they steered government contracts to friends, and they had sexual relations with oil and gas-company representatives. Joining us now is John Dimsdale from Marketplace, and John, first, what is the Minerals Management Service?I hadn't heard of it until yesterday.","Well, it's responsible for collecting royalty revenues from companies that extract oil and other minerals from federal property. And last year, they collected 11 billion dollars from the oil and gas industry. So, it's a big source of revenue. In fact, sometimes Minerals Management is the second largest source of income for the federal government, second only to the IRS. And remember, this scandal comes just as Congress is debating whether to allow more oil drilling, especially on the Outer Continental Shelf under the ocean.","That's right. So, let's go into the details of this scandal. What did the Interior Department's inspector general find?","Well, this report makes it sound like a very dysfunctional place. It alleges cocaine and marijuana use, and even promiscuous sex between government employees and the industry that they oversee. The inspector general says the relationship between the industry and the revenue collectors is supposed to be at arm's length, but most of the oil-company people that investigators talked to said they bought meals or drinks, entertainment, for government employees."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["The best thing you can do is to reach the end of the campaign and have people say, well, we got a fair look at the candidates from the beginning to the end. We got a fair look at the two nominees of the major parties. We got a fair look at the third party candidates. And we got a fair look at all the competitors back in the primaries. I don't think you can say that at all is going to be exactly the same number of minutes devoted to each.","For example, Bob Barr, the Libertarian Party candidate will not get nearly as much coverage as the two major party candidates. And we will try but we will probably not achieve absolute perfect mathematical equalness of numbers in the minutes and seconds to go to each of the two major party candidates, but we will try.","So, NPR's White House correspondent, Don Gonyea is with Senator Obama in Jordan, today. So, is his reporting there going to get the bulk of the news today?","Not really the bulk. There will be a four-minute report from Don Gonyea on All Things Considered tonight. We did get him briefly into the newscast that you've just heard a few moments ago. And we did get a little bit of an update to what he had done for this morning's Morning Edition. But we also had a discussion of John McCain's campaign on in Morning Edition right after that. And there will be a discussion of what John McCain is saying right this minute at his note town hall in New Hampshire on that same All Things Considered tonight, of about the same length as Don Gonyea's report from Amman, Jordan."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["That's what bothers me. That's what bothers me big time. Whereas Obama does come across as definitely more stately, more of a statesman, more of a, you know, someone you'd want in the White House. And that's my dilemma. It's - I would love to vote Republican, but I'm just not convinced this is going to - that would fly. So it's almost like I'm going to toss a coin.","Barbara Zimmerman, an undecided, although less so, voter in Ohio. Barbara, thank you.","Thank you.","I do hear people ask of these undecideds, what are you waiting for?We're collecting answers at the show's blog, npr. org\/daydreaming. Who's undecided and why. Npr. org\/daydreaming. More to come."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["That's an excellent question, and we're particularly challenged in this regard. On the Princeton campus, we have the only Civil War memorial in the world, as far as I know, that lists the names of students who died both for the Southern cause and the Northern cause but without indicating the side for which they died.","So the official Civil War memory as it was encoded on this campus was what we would call a reconciliationist memory. Each boy was equally right. Each boy was fighting for the side that he believed in. And it's a way of remembering the Civil War that completely erases slavery as the cause of the war and the great moral stake of that war. So this tension between remembering and commemorating is front and center in a monument on our own campus.","And so what are your thoughts on that tension?","(Laughter) I don't think we need to change our Civil War monument. I think it's an artifact of a particular historical time, and I think it's a wonderful starting point for a conversation about why Princeton chose to remember her alumni in that particular way."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["It's something that I think I've kind of really kind of gotten used to it over the years. But back when we really started taken off, it would be really strange to walk into a room with 20,000 people and you were the only African-American person in the room. I mean that happened a lot. And it's one of the things where I really had to come to grips with it.","I mean, I chose this life. I chose this job. This is what I wanted to do and, you know, I just - now it's no big deal, it's just the way it is. I love my job and I'm not going to change my job. So that just comes with the territory.","There's so many, what I call racial sharing moments going on right now and we, you know, we take them seriously, but we can also laugh at them. But sometimes have you ever felt that people ask you to be their guide into some greater understanding of blackness?","Oh, absolutely. You know, I've been playing Hootie & the Blowfish for 23 years, and we, you know, we've been doing' it. And I think my friends use me as a - like you said, as a vehicle to experience - and I know a lot of people that probably when they met me were pretty racist people, that are now really good friends of mine."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Well you know, I'd been rapping for years. I mean, since grade school and so forth but I, you know, I really didn't make my professional outing until college. At that time we were just, you know, all hanging around at the college radio station, listening to music and writing songs and none of us had really released any albums yet. And it just dawned on us that, you know, given the state of the industry, if we weren't going to put out our records then our music would probably never get heard. And fast forward 10-plus years later this is it.","So what was it like performing for the first time in a venue, not in a dorm room, not just with your friends, where were you and what was that like?","I think the first, what I would consider the first show was - I was the very first act on a show at a club here in San Francisco called The Stone. And on that bill it was pretty amazing. I mean I was absolutely first in order on a bill of like \u2026","Which is a blessing and a curse."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Yeah. Moving on to Merriam-Webster. They've added 1,700 new words. I can't begin to keep up with that, but I do want to ask you about this one in particular - eggcorn?","Eggcorn. Maybe we should spell it. E-G-G-C-O-R-N. It's defined as a word or phrase that sounds like and is mistakingly used in what seems like a logical or plausible way for another word or phrase. It's been around since about 2003. It's a play on how some people say the word acorn, and a linguist thought, well, it makes a little bit of sense. An acorn looks kind of like an egg. Let's come up with a word for another word or phrase when it's reshaped but kind of makes a little bit of sense if you think about it. So here's a classic one - some people will say all intensive purposes when they mean all intents and purposes.","There's a website I found called the Eggcorn Database - has more than 600 of these. Some of my favorites include self-phone.","(Laughter). That's perfect, actually."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["So many things were surprising, Scott, including the willingness of hard-core partisans in both parties to overlook big, obvious problems for their candidates in the primaries and in the fall. And I've been amazed that, for example, the willingness of so many evangelical Christians, people who wanted to emphasize social issues, to embrace Donald Trump with all of his history and all of his attitudes.","Hillary Clinton is ahead in the polls. But the last Washington-ABC News poll showed that she is less trusted than Donald Trump despite the fact that the news industry has documented many lies that he's told during this campaign. How has she run such a strong campaign despite the lack of trust?","One could be cynical and say some of us don't expect to trust our politicians. But look, this is the presidency. And in weighing the balance of assets, her experience does matter to many. She projects determination. She has the support of a united party - unusually united - and a newly popular first couple campaigning for her. And finally, there is her historic appeal to women.","Ron, ratings for news have been through the roof during this campaign. Will you miss it or may the campaign maybe not be over on Tuesday?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["The billionaire financier Jeffrey Epstein has been taken into federal custody related to sex trafficking. According to The Daily Beast, who first reported this story, Epstein was arrested yesterday and will appear in court tomorrow to be charged in connection with sex trafficking minors. This comes more than a decade after accusations first surfaced that Epstein had paid dozens of young girls for sex. But he avoided federal criminal charges and significant prison time in a plea deal that continues to draw criticism for its lenient terms. For more on this, we called Pervaiz Shallwani, one of the Daily Beast reporters who broke this story. And he's with us now.","Thank you so much for being with us.","Thank you for having me.","And I'm just going to start by saying that the details may be disturbing to some listeners because this does involve accusations about the treatment of young girls. So, having said that, Pervaiz, as briefly as you can, what are the allegations that first surfaced against Epstein in 2007 and 2008?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,0,1]}
{"text":["And, of course, this comes just a few hours after the president announced a new acting chief of staff. And I emphasize the word acting because that's unusual.","Yeah. So Mick Mulvaney is the head of the Office of Management and Budget. Until recently, he was also the acting head of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau but - which he wanted to destroy. But then a permanent head of that agency was confirmed. And so then he only had one job. Now he has two once again. He will be the acting chief of staff. According to the White House, he will do - he will only focus on chief of staff work. He will not do budget work. His deputy there will do that. But he will continue to be in that job - or both jobs. And presumably, the president will be looking for a more long-term chief of staff, though long term is all relative, especially in this administration.","NPR White House correspondent Tamara Keith, thanks so much.","You're welcome."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["My grandparents were raised during the Great Depression and spent the rest of their lives hoarding rubber bands, bacon grease, and batteries. It used to fill me with embarrassment that they would actually rinse out Zip-Loc bags and reuse them. Poor people, I thought. Don't they know there's always more?I was raised in the disposable generation of styrofoam boxes and plastic water bottles. If something ran out, you simply got a new one.","But this year, we are re-evaluating not just how we spend our money, but also the lessons we pass on to a new generation. The other day, I made Emmeline a skirt out of a men's sport coat once sold exclusively at the Watergate Hotel. You can't buy that kind of fashion statement at Target.","On our most recent trip, Emmeline's glowery mood changed when she happened upon a shirt decorated with farm animals and said, ooh, now doesn't this look nice?I examined it and agreed, asking, what do you want to do with it?Emmeline twirled her toe on the speckled Formica floor and thought it over for a moment. A smile widened on her face, oh, I think that will make just the prettiest dress. Her latest outfit cost a dollar 50.","Mike Adamick is a stay-at-home dad living in San Francisco."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,3]}
{"text":["Well, Katie Couric is set to interview Sarah Palin, so we're taking folks' questions. We want to know what they think Katie Couric should ask. We've got video interviews with singer Eric Benet and Glynn Turman who won an Emmy over the weekend.","He did.","Yeah, we're going to revisit that video. And we have more video interviews coming up with the cast of Spike Lee's \"Miracle at St. Anna. \"","Oh, sounds like some good stuff."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Israel is saying the same. The Defense Minister Ehud Barak told the parliament today that Israel is essentially in a state of all-out war with Hamas and that Israel has no intention of stopping with their campaign as long as Hamas continues to fire its rockets.","And meanwhile, Israeli soldiers are massed along the border. Is it expected that there will be a ground war?","Israeli officials are saying that it's certainly possible, and they have closed off the part of Israel that directly borders Gaza. They've created a military zone there. It's been closed to all civilians and to reporters, so we don't know exactly what is happening there now.","And what is Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni saying?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["You know, let's come back to the Large Hadron Collider because if you talk about things, if you talk about this theme, there's much more to the universe than meets the eye, the other one that you know well is the prediction from string theory and similar theories that there are extra dimensions. And one of the ways to look for things like extra dimensions or shadow universes is to look for the leakage of material from our universe into their universe.","And let me use the LHC. One way to look for evidence of extra dimensions would be to carefully look at collisions that take place at the Large Hadron Collider and look for some of the energy to disappear. And what's interesting about that technique is when I put there's - when I say there's much more to the universe than meets the eye, the top of my list would be neutrinos, and we now know neutrinos exist. We can't see them with the eye, but we can build detectors to detect them. And the original evidence for the neutrino was missing energy in beta decays that were observed in the early part of the last century and then poly-hypothesize this particle, the neutrino. And eventually, we built detectors that were sensitive enough. So this technique of looking for energy leaking out of our universe going elsewhere is a very powerful technique for looking for things that we can't see.","Michael Turner, a pleasure as always to come have you come on and explain this stuff to us. Thanks a lot, Michael.","Glad to be on."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["What's the recipe for a star?How do you make one?","Really all you need is cold gas and to be left alone essentially.","If the cold gas cools enough and nothing heats it up, then it should turn into stars. And so this cluster is a perfect star factory because it has a tremendous amount of cooling happening and very little heating. And so it's going to provide just a tremendous amount of this cold gas fuel for stars.","What's the difference between a galaxy and a galaxy cluster?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["So a startling turnaround. Any sign, though, that this is the bottom, and that things might be improving?","So far, nine U. S.  banks have failed this year, and most analysts don't see any indication that either the housing market or the credit crisis have hit bottom yet. In fact, there's a respected company based in the U. K. , it's called Begbies Traynor. It specializes in insolvency issues and corporate rescue and recovery, and that firm has just issued a research note suggesting there could be - get this, an average of 100 small banks failing in the U. S.  each year for the next three years, and their note calls that far from inconceivable.","The data released yesterday by the FDC - by FDIC, by the way, showed 117 banks and thrifts are now considered to be in trouble, and the FDIC warned that conditions will worsen, although it did say a majority of U. S.  banks will be able to weather the storm. 98 percent still have an adequate stock pile of money by the regulator's standards.","Well, let's talk more about the FDIC. It, obviously, is the insurer of banks of deposits up to 100,000 dollars, but with all these banks in trouble, is the FDIC in trouble?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Explain to me why that's a problem. I think defenders of the president would say Jared Kushner has a direct line of communication to the president of the United States, who will actually listen to him.","And that's OK. But that means that Jared Kushner, if he is going to play that role, should at least be informing the president by informing himself, by learning about the issues, by studying the issues, by doing the homework.","What was the personal calculation for you coming out publicly and speaking out about why you resigned as ambassador?Other foreign service officers have not chosen the same route. They have sort of quietly left.","That's correct. And that was my intention. There was an official at the Department of State who read my private letter of resignation to the president. And we know that this happened because it was published by Reuters. And it was there that I wrote to the president that when I was a junior officer, I had signed an oath to completely and fully implement foreign policy, even policies with which I might have disagreed. And then my instructors made clear to me that if there ever came a time when I could no longer do that, I would be honor bound to resign. And that time has come."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["This is WEEKEND EDITION from NPR News. I'm Melissa Block. This week, Republican front-runner Donald Trump warned that there would be riots if Republican leaders reject him as the nominee, even if he's ahead in the delegate count. He was talking about the possibility of a contested convention. If Trump fails to get to the magic number of 1,237 delegates, things are going to get complicated - Byzantine even. And if you are an unbound or unpledged delegate - that is a delegate who can vote for whomever you want - you're probably about to get a lot of phone calls. Matt Micheli is one of those unpledged delegates. He's also chairman of the Wyoming Republican Party. And he joins us now from Casper. Welcome to the program.","Thank you, Melissa.","What does it mean to be - for you to be an unbound delegate?You're essentially a free agent, right, when you go to the convention.","That's right. We still represent the state of Wyoming and we - the results of what the Wyoming people want, I think, is what we will all try to do. But there's no law or no limits on who we can vote for at National Convention. We are free agents."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["Well, crown-of-thorn starfish are found across much of the Pacific Ocean and Indian Oceans. They are - they're about dinner-plate size, multiple arms, have little thorn-like spines coming out of them. They're also quite venomous. So the last thing you want to do is touch one and have it prick you, and it can cause paralysis.","But the important part for the corals is that these things are wonderful eating machines. They move slowly across the reef. They actually invert their stomach onto the corals and dissolve the coral tissue, you know, digesting it as they go. And they leave (technical difficulties) white behind them as they move forward.","So they're like little bulldozers.","Yeah, it's sort of like bulldozers. It's almost more like having a wave of people with flamethrowers going through the brush. You know, the coral physically is left behind, but it's all dead."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["I have no idea. I have no idea at this point.","You're just waiting for a call?","Any call from anyone, anywhere.","So are you actively out looking for something else more stable?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, the highlight of the tour was going inside the number four reactor, where they're in the process of removing spent and unused fuel rods. And they were trying to show me and trying to show the public, first of all, that they've reinforced the whole structure against any further earthquakes or tsunamis, that they are safely removing the fuel rods that are in there, and that they are trying to block contaminated water from flowing from the mountains through the plant and into the Pacific.","Did you see the other reactors?","The crucial ones I could not go into, and reactors one through three suffered partial meltdowns. And as a result, there is so much radiation in there that they cannot send people in there to look. They have to use robots and remote cameras to try to find out what's going on. But they still don't know exactly how bad the damage is from those partial meltdowns. They're not going to start dealing with that part of the thing until 2020, and the whole process of shutting down the plant could take 30 or 40 years, by TEPCO's estimates.","And what problems have they been having just recently even in the clean-up?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["He was a Christian gentleman. And he was the paradigm of the Christian gentleman. He didn't have - he had no mean bone in his body. I'd never heard - you would hear him perhaps talk a little bit askance about someone. But he - but I never heard an ad hominem attack or caustic comment come out of him. He had a beautiful soul. And it was always radiant and on display.","Yeah. In the minute we have left, I sometimes would look at him, and it was hard to imagine him as the very young, teenage, just graduated from a prep school who enlisted and became the youngest flyer in the U. S.  Navy.","The youngest flyer and a decorated aviator at the age of 20. If you see those photos which have been playing across screens today, he looks like he's 14 years old.","Yeah."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Jay Austin and Lauren Geoghegan were both 29. For years, they worked desk jobs in Washington, D. C.  - Lauren at the admissions office at Georgetown University, Jay at the Department of Housing and Urban Development. In their travel blog, they wrote that they wanted to live life on simpler, more deliberate terms and see the globe in an inexpensive, sustainable and gratifying way. They wanted to bike it. Back in 2015, Jay Austin showed an NPR reporter around his house as part of a feature on the tiny house movement.","That's the parlor over there, seating for about seven or so, two couches.","All 143 square feet of it. Jay Austin believed in tiny homes.","I think it's really been great to have kind of not a very complex, not a very expensive space but to have the ability to have easy access to nature. If I am feeling like I have cabin fever, I open my front door."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,2]}
{"text":["Dr.  Ahmad Tarakji leads the Syrian American Medical Society, which operates hospitals inside Syria. He is an American, and between trips to Syria, he told us hospitals are targeted despite efforts to shelter them.","We try to put those hospitals underground, as we found that they are the primary target of any military operation. But also, you cannot do that in every single hospital that's there inside Syria.","So you just said that hitting hospitals would be the primary target of any military operation. Did I understand you correctly?","That's perfectly correct. When there is an intent to displace people, then hospitals start to get targeted and in a pattern that's very predictable. We've seen it before in Aleppo. In addition to putting those hospitals in underground structures or in caves hospital (ph), we share the location, the coordinates of these hospitals with the U. N.  agencies, with Russia, with the United States, as they both are leading the humanitarian task force in Syria."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["So we have detected neutrinos, and we have modeled them in such a way to convince us that they are not the dark matter. However, there are lab experiments going on looking for possible dark matter annihilation products. Now what does that mean?That means that - remember, we're in the dark about dark matter. We don't know what the real theory behind it is.","One possibility of the many, many possibilities that are - literally there is, you know, dozens of papers published on this every month about what could dark matter be. One of the possibilities is that dark matter decays somehow to some kind of regular, standard-model particle, and if it does do that, then we may be able to catch those decay products.","So for example, one possibility is we could detect neutrinos that were leftover after dark matter annihilated or decayed. And the way we would know those neutrinos are from dark matter and not from the sun is that they would be coming up from the center of the Earth. So they'd be coming from the wrong direction. And so there's experiments right now underway to try to catch these putative products of dark matter decay in the lab, and thus far, they have not really been successful.","So it's easier to look out into the galaxies and do it - experiment that way."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Obviously, when I was at FreedomWorks, we weighed in in supported of Ted Cruz very early in his primary challenge in Texas. So I'm a big Ted Cruz fan. But I think the fundamental differences between what I would call Donald Trump's authoritarian tendencies - he's all about what he would do as president. And you never hear him talk about the Constitution, you never hear him talk about the Bill of Rights, you never hear about him and the rule of law. Whereas Ted Cruz wears that stuff on his sleeve.","How do you analyze Mr.  Trump's rise?What do you think he's tapping into?","Well, there's two things going on. One is a clear sense of economic anxiety and the feeling amongst a lot of voters that the country's headed in the wrong direction combined with a sense that Washington doesn't really give a damn. The other thing that's going on, which I think is more fundamental and I think both Republicans and Democrats are struggling to understand this, is a transformational moment in politics. It's more disintermediated. The party bosses no longer get to decide who the choice is. And with the ability to drive your own message and organize your own get-out-the-vote machine without the party's blessing, all sorts of candidates have become competitive. Donald Trump is definitely part of that, although he's sort of the odd man out because he's more of a cult of personality.","Is he though, at the same time, tapping into some of the sentiment that you and the tea party began to raise?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Look, if I were running the FBI, you know, I probably would want to have backdoors as well, so I'm sympathetic to the director's view. But there is risk if you put that backdoor in. There's no question you enhance the risk, number one. Number two, there are the privacy implications that are of concern to parties.","When you were working for the government, obviously you were institutionally on a different side of the argument. You were on the side of being able to get into whatever you needed to get into and find out whatever you needed to find out. What happened?Did you have a sort of a Saul of Damascus moment?I mean, did you always believe what you believe now?","My beliefs really haven't changed since I was in government. If anything, it gave me appreciation for how challenging it is for the government to balance and play the roles that it needs to, both wanting to keep the nation secure, both having the rights to collect extensive intelligence overseas, less so within the country. You know, the richness of that debate in many ways would, I think, make the founders of our country proud.","Rod Beckstrom was the founding director of the U. S.  National Cybersecurity Center. Thank you very much for this.","Thank you, Linda. Great to be on your show."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["What makes a great building?","Well, what makes a great tall building is a building that stands out from the normal run of the mill stuff which is - which makes up most of the tall buildings that are being built in cities around the world. The four buildings this year that we've honored from each region are definitely breaking away from the norm.","Let's talk about - let me just remind everybody that this is SCIENCE FRIDAY from NPR. Let's talk about the Absolute Towers in a suburb of Toronto. These towers were named best tall buildings of Americas. They've been named the Marilyn Monroe Towers because of their sky-high curves. They're curvy-looking, yet they - the curves serve a function.","The curves do serve a function. And what's unique about these buildings is, again, against the backdrop of 99 percent of tall buildings being fairly boring rectilinear boxes, these are very curving organic towers, which look iconic and look incredible, but they serve a purpose."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["I want to talk a little bit about the words that are used to describe wine. You know, normally we hear things like dry, oaky, buttery - I kind of understand what those mean. But sommeliers have a much more creative way of describing tasting notes that you might not hear in a restaurant.","Well, you get everything from the more straightforward fruits and vegetables. So it could be pomegranate, raspberry, blackberry, apple, pear, lemon. They can also range to the far more imaginative. There were times where I was sitting in a tasting group and I thought that I was hearing someone read from a Wiccan book of love spells.","(Laughter).","Burnt hair, desiccated strawberry, armpit, you know (laughter)."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3,3]}
{"text":["Which is what they do.","This is what they do, in the equivalent amount to one or 10 bad eggs or so. And they plated it out over time on these little plates. And if you put the sample on on the plate right after you add the salmonella. It looks like a lawn. I mean, the bacteria. . .","Petri dishes full of lawn.","(Unintelligible)."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["So that, and unfortunately too many people in the community, too many of my friends who are worried about global warming, have already taken a position on fracking. The fact is that natural gas can be made clean. It's not hard. It's much easier to do clean fracking than it is, for example, to make cheap solar.","So I'm hoping that the environmentalists who have started to oppose fracking, I think prematurely, can be won over and recognize that this has to be part of a worldwide energy policy. Natural gas also helps the Chinese because their citizens are being choked by the soot and other emissions of their coal plants.","So expediting a shift, this should be U. S.  policy, that we will help the Chinese make the shift from coal to natural gas. China, India, the developing world, this is absolutely essential.","And what about a shift to renewables?","Well, that's wonderful, and that will ultimately take the place of natural gas, but take China for example. Last year, they installed what everybody says was a gigawatt of solar. In fact, it wasn't a gigawatt because that's the peak power. Average in night, and it's half a gigawatt. Average mornings and late afternoons, it's a quarter of a gigawatt."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["In this district that the Cook Political Report rated as an R+5 and was a lean-Republican until the weekend before the election, we won every county - even the most rural. There are people who supported us who have never voted for a Democrat before. We have people who will never, ever, ever, ever call themselves a Democrat.","People who voted for Donald Trump voted for you, do you think?","A hundred percent - hundred percent. And this is about representation and values. And for us, that issue was so illustrated with health care and what happened in the spring of '17 around Obamacare repeal and, you know, our prior representative's votes on the American Health Care Act.","Do you think you're to the left of the average voter in your district when it comes to health care?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["We were both going after a kind of Everest. It's something big and difficult, dangerous for sure. The tribes were known to shoot at anyone who came into their area. On top of that, you've got to evade the Indian authorities who put them under protection. Plus, China has claimed that area, so there's a high military presence there. So the whole thing, if you're young and adventurous, it's kind of fantastic.","Tell me about John Allen Chau specifically and his motivations and what drove him and what surprised you about where he came from.","There's a number of different things. John was a huge outdoorsman, very capable. And he was particularly a kind of solo adventurer, did a lot of solo hikes for days at a time. And that actually turns out to be - in the missionary world, there's a kind of extreme sports end of the missionary world. It's all bro and dude and legit and hey and high-fives and scaling down cliffs to meet an uncontacted tribe. Very often, I've got to say, that story - the story that they're all trying to tell - is of the solo adventurer going into the jungle and finding the lost tribe.","Yeah."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["I think the initiative is going to be very helpful in helping to solve these problems.","One last question about your new potential treatment using amyloid for multiple sclerosis. How far along - are we in phase one, have we got phase one studies, or have we not even gotten that far yet?","On this one we haven't reached phase one yet. We're still doing the toxicity testing. We're moving slowly because of the villainous reputation of these proteins. But as I said, someone over in Holland has taken this through phase one, and it looks - looks pretty good. They're doing it with alpha B-crystallin.","Well very interesting. Thank you, Dr.  Steinman, for taking time to be with us today. We'll be following this."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Thank you for having me.","You know, I've heard about this going on in Ithaca, New York, and the largest of these systems we're told is in Western Massachusetts. I believe they call it BerkShares there. They've circulated about $2 million in BerkShares in two years. So, how do you explain this idea of local currency to the average person?","Well, we talk about Equal Dollars as a community currency and bartering system that essentially serves as a companion to the U. S.  dollar. It's what maybe our ancestors did like seeds, gold, silver, copper, beads, cattle, diamonds, spices, things that people have used over the years and centuries to expand their current way of acquiring goods and services. It acts as a non-interest-bearing, spendable, transferable discount. And it\u2026","How does it work in terms of, you know, going to the store?Can I get on the bus with it?Can I catch a cab?Can I buy a refrigerator with it?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, not really. I think the crowd that came here early in the day were peaceful. But this march was illegal from the beginning. The police never gave their authorization. So they had essentially warned everyone that anyone coming would be sort of in violation of the law. And so from early on, things were kind of chaotic. I think protesters have sort of dug in for what they had assumed would be a pretty violent night.","I've been seeing people basically pulling up bricks from the sidewalk and putting them in carts. I've seen people arm themselves with various iron rods and also umbrellas and create sort of shields out of wood that they found everywhere. I think what you're starting to see - you know, digging in on both sides here, between the police and also the protesters.","Are the protesters a cross section of Hong Kong, or are they one demographic, if you please?","Well, I think, today, I've actually seen quite a mixed crowd, which was sort of unexpected because, obviously, this march is - this protest was illegal. So we didn't really expect sort of to see kids or elderly people. But I have seen them."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["My own judgment is it is a personal power struggle. President Salva Kiir is in power, and Riek Machar - he has been the deputy in the party and the deputy in the government. And in 2015, Riek Machar came openly talking about his ambition to become the president of the Republic of South Sudan one day. That led to his dismissal. That is the genesis of this problem.","President Salva Kiir is from the ethnic Dinka majority, the largest tribes in South Sudan, and Riek Machar is from Nuer, the second largest tribe. And, you know, in South Sudan, these two tribes - they constitute the majority of the - of the army. That is why fighting took place with the support of these two big tribes who dominated army.","There are 12,000 U. N.  peacekeeping troops there already. The proposal is for another 4,000. I gather a spokesman for the South Sudan government says they're opposed because this would be neocolonialism. Help us understand what he means by that.","Well, the government is saying it is an attempt to colonize South Sudan. It is an attempt by the American government to change the regime or the regime change. That is what the government is saying, but I don't know whether that is the intention. This morning, I had an opportunity to interview the U. S.  ambassador - the South Sudan ambassador, Molly Phee - and she categorically denied that."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["So Flame has - so far they've found about 20 modules that can be swapped in and out, and they do everything from turning on the internal microphone and webcam on your computer, this way that they could record conversations that you have over Skype or conversations that you have in the room, in the vicinity of the computer.","It takes screenshots of your communications. They seem particularly interested in any email communications or instant messaging communication that you do. It also turns your computer into a Bluetooth beacon. So if you have Bluetooth enabled on your computer, they will turn that on and do a discovery for other Bluetooth-enabled devices in the vicinity, such as a phone, and they will use your computer to then siphon the contact information that is in any phone in the area.","Wow. Wow.","Why all those things?I mean, what's the reason for that?"],"speaker":["A","A","B","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["Yeah. That was something that I really loved about this script, actually, when it came in was the World War I element of the movie. It's depicted very realistically and shows the - you know, the horrendous elements of that war. But also, it - because of him suffering from trench fever, it has this hallucinatory element to it whereby you're kind of getting glimpses into his dark imagination and what he might have actually been witnessing instead of the reality around him at that time.","Yeah, the battlefield becomes kind of Middle-earth's Mordor in many ways.","Yeah, yeah, completely, which - I mean, he always said that that war wasn't an allegory for his work and the lands he created. But at the same time, I mean, obviously you're always influenced by experiences like that.","What do you do when you go into a biopic like this?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Absolutely agree - I mean, the 20,000 Democrats that are running for president are all not going to make it to November of 2020. They have donors. They have staff. They have consultants. They've done ads. They've spent a lot of time debating and out and about. So if they need or want to make a switch to a Senate race, they're going to have all the resources in place to do that.","Well, I mean, that - you're suggesting they're warming up for a Senate run by running for president, which. . .","Well, in a year like this when you have Donald Trump, I mean, that is I think - and there's a lot of people that are looking at it going, you know, this is my shot. It's not going to be everybody's shot. But I also think you have to look at the map in totality, particularly for Democrats. They're not defending a ton of seats, and they have a lot of pickup opportunities. Colorado is probably at the top of the list. You have Arizona with a guy like Mark Kelly who had an amazing launch. You have a state like Maine. You know, I think there's a lot of positive on this map for the Democrats as well.","Twenty-two presidential candidates and there might be more by next week."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Yes. That was one of my big questions. Is that's possible?Or do we just make up strategies to pretend that we're leading normal lives?We were all carrying coins in our pockets to be able to call from a payphone if there was a bombing and say I'm OK.  We were spending more and more time indoors. So, we changed our way of living social lives. And we also changed the way we were sons and daughters because we knew that something could happen to your loved ones. So, no, no, there were not normal times. But it's astonishing, this capability humans have to pretend. It's very useful, by the way, but I don't know if it's entirely what we should do.","Juan Gabriel Vasquez. His new novel is \"The Sounds of Things Falling. \"It's translated by Anne McLean. Thanks so much for being with us.","Thank you very much, Mr.  Simon. It was a pleasure to talk to you.","You're listening to WEEKEND EDITION from NPR News."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["ou're also seeing some extreme moves by companies like Advantage Consultants who basically say, hey, we can supply you, Mr.  and Ms. Candidate, with an army-full of bloggers ready to get your campaign out on the blogosphere 24\/7. It's just - it's like the wild, wild West right now on the Internet.","Is that - I mean, of course, all fair - all is fair in love, war and politics. But is that cheating in a way, you know, blogs were created initially as if, like, I'm just going to express what's in my heart. And now, it sounds as if what you're saying is that there is a lot of people who are saying, I'm going to create the appearance that people are speaking from their heart.","Yeah, and, you know - and this is - gets into astroturfing and a whole bunch of other terminology behind what's the real message of these types of Web sites. You're right. The organic nature of a blog was to be something that was transparent, that wasn't agenda-driven. And obviously, when you start looking at politics and campaigns, it's agenda-driven. So now, they're looking at these tools being PR machines, more than this transparent, here-is-a-look-into-my-life type of outlet that it used to be.","Speaking of transparency, there is some information that campaigns don't always give out, like where their money is coming from. And tell me about OpenSecrets."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2]}
{"text":["Thanks so much for having me.","OK. So the economy's no doing so well. Is this the opportune time to launch a major cable channel?","Well, it probably isn't. But all things being equal, I think that Major League Baseball has been lucky enough to garner a very good deal for them in the sense that they're negotiating with a number of carriers. As mentioned, it's the largest cable launch in history.","And so, even with advertising difficulties, they'll have a very strong revenue stream out of subscriber fees. And so, it's probably good for baseball. And they're hoping, I'm sure, to ride this out and have a long-term goal of making it a very profitable and successful launch.","Well, baseball certainly has a lot of games during the season. So what kind of programming will we see?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["It has not. I think that's an appropriate term. And I think a lot of that happened in the beginning because there was just a lot of misinformation about our agreements because, at the end of the day, their perspective is we are siphoning off resources from our current students in order to, quote, unquote, \"teach these students. \"And so we wanted to make sure and assure our community that that is not happening. Any resources that we're providing to Southwest Key is actually coming through other district resources and is indeed not taken away from current students.","How do you answer the reservations of people who say - look - you're just encouraging families to undertake a dangerous journey across the border because if their children wind up on the U. S.  side, they're going to get an education?","It is our moral obligation, our legal obligation. That's the only lens I'm looking through.","Explain that legal obligation to me, if you could."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Hey, Farai. How's it going?","I'm doing great. So, we survived the election and we keep on trucking. What are folks saying this week?","Well, as you can guess, we got several letters reacting to Senator Barack Obama's White House win. Here are a few responses we got on our web site. Alisha Brown wrote: Tonight I thank my dad for never being home as a kid because he was always gone registering people to vote. White people have no idea what the kids of civil rights leaders feel right now.","Then Diana McClone(ph) chimed in on a Web discussion about Senator Obama's racial identity to say this: I don't care if the person I voted for is green with polka dots and three eyes. So long as they convince me that they have the better plan for our country, they have my vote."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, I don't think anybody really knows, except the two of them, because it was a meeting without staff, without any advisers present. Senator Feinstein came out this morning and spoke to reporters. She hosted the meeting at her home. She said that it seemed very cordial. The two sat in comfy chairs in her living room.","They sipped water. They talked for about an hour and that they were laughing as they left. So, we know that the mood was fairly pleasant, and what Senator Obama's advisers tell us, is that they talked about how to move forward and how to achieve party unity, and how to bring together the factions of the Democratic Party that had supported each of the two of them separately, how to bring them both together to now beat John McCain in November.","So, was it a bargaining session?Was it my votes for a VP slot, something like that?","Well, actually, we're told by Senator Chuck Schumer who's an ally of Senator Clinton's in the Senate that no, they did not discuss the vice presidential chatter. It's hard to imagine that they didn't though, given the fact that it's what's everybody - it's what everybody's talking about right now."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["This is Day to Day from NPR News. I'm Alex Cohen. One of the world's most celebrated playwrights, Harold Pinter, has died. Pinter was a mainstay on the London theater scene since the 1950s. His works include \"The Birthday Party,\" \"The Homecoming,\" \"The Celebration,\" just to name a few. Harold Pinter won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2005. Here he is accepting that award.","There are no hard distinctions between what is real and what is unreal, nor between what is true and what is false. I think it's not necessarily either true or false. It can be both true and false.","The obscurity of those words is Pinter in a nutshell. His plays were light on plot, often taking place in a single room. Pinter offered no easy explanations for why characters acted the way they did. His dialogue was known mostly for. . .  pregnant pauses. In fact, the word people have come to use to describe that sort of tension in silence is Pinteresque. Here's Pinter in an interview with Charlie Rose, joking about the way some people reacted to his work.","When I went to see a production of my play, \"No Man's Land. \"I went into the bar in the interval. And a man and a woman - I couldn't escape, you know. They stand - stood in dead silence for a while. And then the man said, Oh, well, not as boring as the usual Pinteresque."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["A tall building may become synonymous with a place, but it doesn't mean that it's born of that place. You can almost pick it up and put it in any city around the world and it would become synonymous with that city. And it denying thousands of years of vernacular architectural tradition, you know. . .","Yeah, yeah.",". . . to relate to environment and all these other things. So that's where the 95 percent figure, an arbitrary figure, comes from.","The Twin Towers in Abu Dhabi received the tall building innovation award. These buildings carry their own sunscreen, in a sense."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["These companies have existed before, but there's a lot more from these appraisal management companies. So the lender and mortgage broker has to send the order to them, this middleman, and then they go find an appraiser in your local area to go look at your house.","Now, there's a lot of concerns that these appraisal management companies are not the answer. They are not going to fix this problem. There's not a lot of regulation of these appraisal management companies, so some states are trying to fix that. We don't really know who's getting into this business. Are these the people to be entrusting this doing important job to?","So let's say you're a consumer. Let's say you're a person who's looking to buy a home, sell a home, or you want to refinance. What can you do to make sure you're not dealing with an appraiser who's got other motivations?","Well, first of all, you want to be very direct with your broker or lender and ask them, who is doing the appraisal on my house?You want to know the name of the company. Is it a company that they have a relationship with, a business relationship?Is it a company the lender partly owns?And certainly, you want to get a copy of that appraisal. And certainly, borrowers also have the ability - they can go seek out an independent appraisal."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Look. I think there is a very, very big leap between candidate Trump in 2016 saying, Russia, if you can hear this, show us the emails, and President Trump using his awesome powers to coerce a foreign government into interfering in our elections. You know, his defense to the Mueller report was that, yeah, Russia may have interfered but that he had nothing to do with it. If this story is true, here we have the president trying to force a foreign government to work with him against his political opponent in the United States. That's beyond unacceptable.","And you say, if it's true. . .","And yes, impeachable.","You say, if it's true, what powers does the House have to try to corroborate this claim?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["How the hell would I know that?Do you know that?Do you think you could?Do you think I could?I just think that here is my choice. I'm not going to talk and say he should do this, he should - that's not my responsibility. I'm not qualified","What made you decide to get involved or to speak out now?","Well, because I - people have (unintelligible) asked me what I thought. Coach, how do you feel about this or that or whatever?And I'm the history and government major. I like history. I have never been a Republican or a Democrat. I don't care. I - what I want is the best person for the job. If it's a man or a woman, it's just the best person that I'd like to see get the job.","Coach Bobby Knight. We reached him yesterday, following his endorsement of Donald Trump."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, that's after Stephen Hawking's book \"A Brief History Of Time\" which is a huge bestseller and many people read it, of course, but probably many more people didn't read it. It's sort of famous as a book that many, many people bought and didn't make it all the way through.","How does the index work?And we should also be very clear that this is completely unscientific and totally for fun.","Absolutely, yeah. So what I did was when you highlight books on your Kindle, when you highlight a sentence that you particularly like, Amazon is keeping track of that - I'm not sure everyone knows that - and Amazon records what five sentences in a book are the most commonly highlighted. So in a book that people are reading all the way through, it might be the case, that those highlights are scattered all the way through the length of the book. But if, on the other hand, there was a book that almost everyone was starting and reading a few pages and then putting down, then all of those highlights would have to be clustered in the first part. So what I did was just average the location of the top five highlights in the book - a very simple measure.","And that's publicly available data?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["How are you with intimacy these days?Where do you seek it?Where do you get it?Is it still in making eye contact with strangers?Is it when you get on a stage?","I don't know. I am more ambivalent. I am - when I'm on stage now, I don't laser beam my eyeballs into other people's eyeballs. . .","(Laughter).",". . . like I used to. I mean, I used to victimize people with my eyeballs one by one."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Right, and how ironically that they were announced during Small Business Week - (laughter) - on top of everything else.","I didn't know that it was a Small Business Week. Tiffany, what is your best-selling luggage line there?","Right. Well, we - kind of the example I've used is, you know, so if we had a piece of luggage on our store that was at $400 and, you know, has now gone up to $440, but that $400 piece of luggage goes up to $500, then that becomes a really big price jump.","So how are you feeling?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Jim Kelly, the great old Buffalo Bills quarterback, can't remember the fourth quarter of the most important football game. And as he works all his life to get into that fourth quarter of the Super Bowl, and he can't remember.","Can't remember it, but it's on video. No, it's - I love Jim Kelly. I mean. . .","Yeah, I do too.",". . . He was a great player to watch. And he's in a special case because he's had several cancers that keep returning, and he's lost a son. He suffered in ways not of his own choosing. I mean, football was his own choosing. It was very poignant, though, because he told it, like, sort of joyously. He said, oh, yeah, we called it dings back then. You know, we call it concussions now and CTE, but no, no, no, it was great. I don't remember anything. I remember wandering back to the team hotel the day after the Super Bowl and wondering why I was there and not remembering - and he thought it was a funny story."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Credit's a basic input, just like fertilizer or fuel or labor. Farmers here need credit to be able to buy their fertilizer, number one, which is much more expensive than it used to be. Seeds, pesticides, everything - to have money to pay your employees every month. And so, when credit's delayed or not available, especially on fertilizer, it gets very complicated to be able to raise a crop. Nobody in modern agriculture can farm without credit.","And what's your credit situation like right now?","I have credit, but it was delayed. I've never had trouble getting credit here in Brazil. I've always paid my bills, and so credit's available for me. But this year, the credit promises were made, but then the credit wasn't going to arrive until it was too late to order the fertilizer and actually work out the logistics of receiving it. And so it's changed my plans a lot this year.","And timing is really essential for farmers. So, how is that going to play out there with your 2000 acres of soy?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Well, I only recently arrived, so I haven't seen the whole city by any means. But when I got here, I went straight to a demonstration on the city's east side. This was one of those demonstrations that have been called by Juan Guaido for what he billed as the biggest-ever demonstration in the history of Venezuela.","There were a lot of people there - thousands, possibly in the tens of thousands. But I have seen much larger crowds turn out for Guaido before. And so this was a smaller turnout. And I think the most noticeable thing about it is that the mood has quite substantially changed. Whilst these demonstrations for the opposition leader, Guaido, were before quite very lively - there'd be a lot of chanting, a lot of singing - now there's a mood of wariness. I thought it was more subdued.","And not far away from where I was, there were violent clashes underway between the security forces and a small group of anti-government protesters in which, you know, they were exchanging. . .","Yeah."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3,1]}
{"text":["It's perfect.","Yeah, bubbly jock. And an owl is a hoolet. And that, again, is based on the sound that it makes. And - but my favorite is a wood pigeon, is a cushie-doo.","That is an absolutely dead-on approximation of its sound.","Isn't it lovely?So a frog is a puddock and sparrow is a speug. So I've never used speug in a sentence, but when I was a boy, we used puddock. So I don't go around trying to convince everybody that my culture's better than theirs, but sometimes it suits my face better. It sits nicely in my mouth."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["His anatomy turns out to be such that when he tastes something, he experiences it as much more intense than someone who has a lower density of taste buds on his tongue and. . .","Well, let me go through - let me ask you - well, let me just remind everybody that this is SCIENCE FRIDAY, from NPR. And I'm talking with Barbara Stuckey, author of \"Taste What You're Missing. \"Are you saying that we each have different numbers of taste buds on our tongues?Not - we all don't have the same number of taste buds?","We all live in our own private sensory world. So yes, the answer is we all have a different anatomy picture that really influences how we experience. . .","Wow."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["Well, I mean, he has been followed by the Secret Service for all these years pretty much every time he goes out. But I think that's not a good use of Secret Service agents. And also, you know, here are some other questions - he's going to be staying in his mother's house, who's 89 years old. Is she going to be the one who's making him take his meds every day?Is there a gun in the house?I mean, I've never heard answers to any of these questions. And what happens when she dies?I mean, his brothers and sister have said they can then take over his care, but he could never slip away from them?Like I said, I think he's a very devious man and I think he's proven that.","Patti Davis, an author, most recently of the book \"The Wit And Wisdom Of Gracie. \"She joins us from NPR West.","Patti, thanks so much for being with us.","Thank you."],"speaker":["A","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["And so these two ally's ships were absolutely overmatched. Rooks did not try to avoid the battle; he offered himself to it. And in the end these two allied ships were absolutely overwhelmed by the power that fell upon them - Japanese torpedoes and shells, hitting them left and right. The Houston was finally hit by four torpedoes, which opened up her hull to the sea and the ship slowly began to settle in about 140 feet of water to the site of the wreck that the Navy's exploring today.","And could you tell us, please, about the ship's chaplain because he won the Navy Cross.","He did. Commander George Rentz was the oldest man on the ship. He was 59 years old on the night the Houston was sunk. He was clinging to a pontoon that belonged to one of the Houston's floatplanes. This pontoon was riddled by shrapnel, was taken on water, but it was literally a life raft for about a dozen or more Houston sailors.","He said to the sailors who were with him, he said, you men are young. I've lived the major part of my life; I'm willing to go."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3,1]}
{"text":["What the spoon is made of, of course, can change things because somebody else did some tests not that long ago with spoons made of different metals and found out that - what a lot of people believe - that different metal tastes different to your tongue - that for many people that's true. For some people, it's not so true. But they - these guys also played with things like what's the shape of the spoon?What's the color of the spoon?How heavy is it?All those things had some effect on people. The more interesting thing to me, at least today, is when people said the taste - that actually tasted different because of how it was served or what it was served in it. It was sweeter. It was saltier, whatever. You would think that couldn't change.","But it did. And one - I got about a few seconds here. But one of the more fascinating things, to me, from the study is that people were willing to pay almost 50 percent more for the same wine if it was served under a red light than if was under a white light.","Yeah, quite amazing, huh?And things served on different colored plates sometimes tasted sweeter to them.","Wow. Thank you, Marc. We'll see you again."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["(Through interpreter) That's how it went. And that's, I think, why he's so afraid. I think that's why he's so afraid. And he's afraid that I just won't be with him.","When is your little boy's birthday?","(Through interpreter) The 8 of November.","OK.  My wife and I have a little girl whose birthday is November 2. And she will be 11 years old. And we sent her - I think she was about 3. We sent her to preschool because people said it was a good idea. And she hated it. So we stopped that after a few days. And now she's a straight-A student. And it's the best thing we ever did. She needed to be with her mother."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, Jo, when she came to Parliament in May 2015, she immediately began work on the Syria refugee crisis. She set up a cross party group of MPs to work on the issue. She was one of the first people to call for humanitarian aid drops to the besieged towns and cities of Syria. And she was instrumental in changing U. K.  government policy so that the conservative government has now agreed to take 3,000 unaccompanied Syrian refugee children who are in desperate need of our help, solidarity and support. And so in that short one year, one month in Parliament, she made a tremendous difference. People had already marked her down as a rising star in the Labour Party.","And we should remember, she had a young family, I gather.","Jo had two young children, age 3 and 5, and she was talking about how one of them had chickenpox only the other day. She (inaudible) houseboat with her husband Brendan and the children. And it is so hard for people to come to terms with this senseless death. And we are shocked to the core.","Campaigning has been temporarily suspended in the referendum that's coming up in just a few days about whether Britain should stay in the European Union or leave. Could you tell us something about the political atmosphere in Britain as you see it now as this important referendum approaches?"],"speaker":["A","B","B","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["Yeah, yeah.","It's wonderful, first of all.","Thank you.","I've enjoyed it. The very first cut on here is a very intriguing track. It's called \"Jailer,\" and some of the lyrics say, Jailer, I am in chains. You're in chains too. I wear uniforms. You wear uniforms, too. I'm a prisoner. You're a prisoner, too, Mister Jailer. Where did that come from?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Prop 8 was voters saying that they do not want to allow same-sex marriages.","Yes, traditional marriage only. A federal appeals court struck that down. And if the Supreme Court takes that case, they then might be faced with a bigger question about: Is there a right to marry for gays and lesbians?My belief is they're going to put that off a while. They're going to decide this question about DOMA, and legally - and then put off a little while longer the question of what about all the other states where gay marriage is illegal.","And just briefly, David, we have the Voting Rights Act, a very important piece of legislation in this country that could come before the court, as well.","Absolutely. And it's also an old question. It goes back to the '60s. Since the '60s, the South has been under a sort of a special scrutiny. If they change their election laws in any way, they have to get a pre-clearance or an approval from Washington. It - that law is one of the great laws of the 20th century. It changed the South."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["So, I don't how it would go anyway.","You sounded fine to me. But let me ask you, because - in part because Allison is still here with me, and we always talk about this on Friday, these kinds of things. Do you know what you're going to wear?","I do, I do. I'm nominated in the Urban\/Alternative Performance category, and I decided to just go with that. So, I've picked a young designer who is a good friend of mine. Her name is Carmen Webber of Sistahs Harlem, and she was on \"Project Runway,\" actually, and we've been friends for years. She has made me a fantastic jumpsuit for the Grammys. That's all I'm going to say.","OK, OK."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Sure.","Because there are already a number of candidates who think. . .","(Laughter).",". . . Who are from the West. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Absolutely. They used to end up there in the French Riviera and big mansions in Europe. Now they tend to also end up in Europe but not in big mansions but in the criminal court - in The Hague.","And has that had the effect of making it more difficult sometimes to get rid of certain people?","Absolutely. They are - they don't trust now any promises that they will not be prosecuted or taken in front of a judge. And also, you know, the standards of human rights internationally have changed. And there is a very active community - globally - that chases after dictators and people that have violated human rights and have committed the crimes against humanity, which is the case for many of them.","Now, isn't the logic of that - the humanitarian logic of that - that knowing they might have to face criminal charges will discourage dictators from striking out at their own people?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["What do your members want?","Well, they want the right to sit down and negotiate their terms and conditions of employment with the university. And just like any other workers, they have serious concerns about the way they're paid, how much they're paid, what their benefits are and how they resolve problems on the job. So these workers, you know, see an advantage to having the opportunity to sit down as equals at the bargaining table.","It sounds like they want more money and more benefits?","Well, certainly, those are key issues. But they're not the entire set of issues that they have, you know?There have been longstanding problems at the university in, you know, getting paid on time, getting ability to resolve a problem with your supervisor, dealing with issues of sexual harassment."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["And I can tell you though when people of color hear white people say, I was taught to treat everyone the same when racism comes up, they're usually rolling their eyes. And they're definitely not thinking, oh, right, I'm talking to a woke white person right now. They're usually thinking this is a dangerous white person. This is a white person who has no self-awareness and is not going to be able to hold and affirm my reality, which is fundamentally different than theirs in a society which is deeply separate and unequal by race.","And you actually, in this book, very specifically target white progressives. You say that white progressives cause the most daily damage to people of color. What do you mean?","Yeah. First, let's define a white progressive. In my mind, it's any white person who thinks they're not racist - thinks they get it, thinks they are less racist, who's listening to the show right now thinking of all the other white people that really should be listening to this show right now.","Right. It's never us."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["I think that the protests need to go as far as we need to take them so that America begins to wake up, that this is a problem. You know, 45 said that this is a local issue and. . .","And by 45, you mean President Donald Trump.","Correct. This is a national epidemic. This is a national outcry of people and communities in pain.","Can you tell us something about Stephon before we say goodbye?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["The banks can bring in their junky securities and swap them for cash or treasury bills. And that, on top of interest rate cuts, Bernanke thought would be enough to keep the financial system working until it healed itself. The strategy at the Fed was known as the finger in the dike strategy, keep the water out and eventually things will recover.","But obviously, you know things didn't work out like that. And in the spring, we had the great Bear Stearns crisis, and the Fed was forced to intervene to prevent them going bankrupt. Then, we had another few months where it seemed like things had stabilized, but this thing's like a disease. It goes away for a while, and then, you know, it comes back in a more virulent form.","In September, after the collapse of Lehman Brothers, you know, all hell broke out, basically. And since then, we've had a sort of slow motion collapse of the financial system.","Now, this entire crisis has really tarnished Alan Greenspan's legacy, and he even admitted that his basic economic philosophy is now changed. What about Ben Bernanke?Does he deserve the same criticism?"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3,0]}
{"text":["You can point to the same thing in income, in housing, across the board. And if we're not investing very specifically to deal with that, we can continue to expect to see these inequalities to persist.","You are also arguing for a constitutional amendment that would ban the death penalty.","That's right.","Why is this part of a plan to empower black America?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Well, he sounds like a very ambitious entrepreneur.","I think they are, you know. I think the appeal of it, obviously, for entrepreneurs - this drop shipping model - is that it takes almost nothing upfront. You don't need money to buy the stuff. The tools online are very inexpensive, and it's this possibility that these entrepreneurs can get something for nothing - right?- that they can generate money basically out of thin air.","And not to make any comparisons, but I seem to recall that there was a time when J. Crew was a catalog retailer - didn't have any real stores. And now, of course, they've got plenty of them in addition to a very ambitious online retail site.","Absolutely. The way that I've thought about these Shopify stores is they're undoubtedly strange because they're new, but their model is fundamentally not that different from, like, a big corporate enterprise. It's just that the tools have democratized the ability for people to tap into the globalized economy. And so before, it took the idea of having a supply chain and having all these people who would know factory owners in China and all these other kinds of things - that took a lot of infrastructure."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["The stakes are high and many citizens have concerns about voter intimidation and fraud. For more we've got Violet Gonda. She is a Zimbabwean journalist with SW Radio Africa, an independent station which broadcasts from London into Zimbabwe. She is currently on a night fellowship at Stamford University. Violet, welcome.","Hi, Farai, and thank you for having me on the program.","Let's back up a little bit into the history of Zimbabwe. In 1980 it became one of the last African nations to shed its colonial government, and when Robert Mugabe came to power he was among other things open to white farmers and other whites staying in Zimbabwe. Over the years he redistributed the land and a lot of people see the current economic collapse as a result of this land ownership change. But what other factors played into Zimbabwe going from where it was in 1980 to where it is today?","When Mugabe authorized the violent takeover of land, he basically directly affected millions of people. And then also the other issue were Mugabe's economic policies. For example, a bloated or rather large government means that not only did the economy suffer when he took over the farms but we also had a government that was living far, far, far beyond, you know, its means. Also the economic policies churned out by the regime were not in the best interest of the majority of the people but the best interest of the ruling party."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well, we got a response from a listener in Athens, Georgia, when our bloggers discussed whether black media outlets were balanced when covering Barack Obama. Scott Dugan (ph) wrote us this. I am surprised to find no mention of the constant comments from the media and McCain campaign that Obama was behaving presumptuously during his trip abroad. To me, these comments are all short hand for calling Obama uppity. Why have you called the media and the McCain campaign out on this?","And this month we're doing a series on addiction. Vernon Martin (ph) in Hollywood, Florida, wrote in to say he liked the segment we did last week on functioning addicts. So many times we conjure the wrong view in our minds about functioning addicts. They're found practicing law, operating, or assisting in operating rooms, teachers, police officers, construction workers or any other person maintaining a career. As a drug and alcohol counselor, I have seen all of them.","And last week, we covered the news that Detroit Mayor Kwame Kilpatrick was sent to jail. Peter Williams (ph) lives in the Motor City and wrote us this. Your panel missed the point on Mayor Kilpatrick. The problem is not his unfaithfulness to his marriage. It is that he wrongfully fired three police officers who, while performing their duties, might have uncovered the affair. That is the type of abuse of public trust that warrants his dismissal.","And finally, Victor Emanuel (ph) in Inglewood, New Jersey wrote in about the interview we did about a black reporter who was thrown out of a John McCain event. Victor thought we cut the story short."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["I think this team, by necessity, given the circumstances, is going to be focused more on the more immediate dual strategic challenges that could suck us into international adventures that will be devastating to our national interest.","And primarily, at the top of that list, I think you would put Iran.","Yes, and the Middle East, more generally; or perhaps now even some parts of the Sahara in Africa.","Now there are going to be crises like this situation that's developing in Algeria. We obviously still don't know a lot about what's going on there. But where do you see an opportunity to create - for a geo-trategic approach?Iran - everybody says there are a lot of options. None of them, very good."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["No costume changes, no props.","Did you go into being someone who could be so mutable in part because you had to kind of - you had to have a place to escape, I'm assuming?","You know, I think that's exactly what it was. I remember as a teenager that - you know, I was born in Germany. I lived in Japan 'til I was 10 and then, you know, moved to Iowa, which is where I graduated high school. But you know, just being surrounded by so many different cultures, I just found myself kind of being a sponge. And so, as an extracurricular activity, I ended up, you know, doing standup comedy, you know, telling jokes to my friends. And I think you're right. I think it ended up being an escape into these different characters to be able to make people laugh. And it kind of made, you know, kind of made me laugh on the inside as well, because everything on the outside was really, really hurting.","Can you either give us a snippet of a character, to be in character or show how you transition between characters?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["Californians who are terminally ill can now receive a prescription from their doctor for drugs that will end their life. The End Of Life Option Act passed last year went into effect this week. It allows people that two doctors have said have six months or less to live to receive drugs to end their lives as long as they're found to be mentally competent. The person receiving the drug must give it to themselves.","Lonny Shavelson is a physician and author who's been teaching doctors around the state. He's also started a practice devoted to people who want assistance to end their lives. Dr.  Shavelson joins us now from Berkeley. Thanks very much for being with us.","It's my pleasure. Thanks for having me.","What - and what kind of questions are doctors bringing to you?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["It's significant because you have a journalist who's killed in the line of duty doing some investigative work into a story he wanted to write. And as far as we understand, the people that he was investigating put out a hit on him, and he was killed. I mean, that's a very chilling reminder that we do - sometimes do dangerous work. And the project's main mission is to tell those people, if indeed they are the ones responsible, that you cannot kill the message by killing the messenger.","There has been a confession, hasn't there?And yet you remain unsatisfied. Why is that?","Well, the person who confessed was a very low-level member of the Your Black Muslim Bakery. He was a handyman. He originally told police he did not do the crime, and then after he was led to - he was allowed to meet privately with the bakery CEO, a 22-year-old named Yusuf Bey IV, this guy basically convinced him to confess. Now, whether or not he did the crime or not, we don't know. What we do know is, is that he did not do this by himself, as he has told police.","Now, what would you say is the latest in the ongoing investigation?Or is the investigation ongoing, since the police had someone who confessed, although your organization doesn't necessarily buy it?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["In terms of the natural ecosystems, rapid changes coming, suddenly roads are getting built. People having the first time in nearly 22 years of warfare that they're able to get up and still moving around and finding markets and exploiting resources. Animals are resourced. They will be facing severe problems if poaching becomes more common that it already is, which is somewhat routine, and these things could be wiped out very badly in a few years, especially vulnerable species like elephants which are in so much danger elsewhere and even species that are quite rare and it's just only in South Sudan like certain kinds of antelope that were thought extinct and now have been found in South Sudan.","And there are - the ivory route is that these poachers come down and kill the animals for their ivory. It's taken then to Sudan, carved and sent to China.","Yeah. There's a city called Onderon(ph) - if I'm pronouncing it correctly - which has a traditional center of artisanal carving of ivory and export. So some elephant tusks do flow into Onderon and get shipped out from there to markets in the Middle East and China.","Yet, there are still large herds of elephants left in South Sudan. You saw one from an airplane."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["Do you think the royal family can really survive in a time when we have other kinds of celebrities that cost the taxpayer nothing?I mean, clearly, a lot of hopes are being placed on not only Meghan Markle and Prince Harry but the other younger royals like Prince William.","I very, very sincerely believe that Britain couldn't do without them. There's such a deep attachment. They're sort of the very, like, emblem of history, of continuity. Unlike America, there's been almost a kind of - a certain kind of disregard for history. Britain has always fallen back on the past. It's always needed the past. So they're - I think that they will find a way for the royal family to continue to carry on that symbolism, at least.","I must ask you - are you attending the wedding?","I'm not."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Someone who might be a public interest lawyer who decides to go to Wall Street instead because the money is better there, someone who might like to be a teacher making a little money, but decides, instead, to take a job, you know, in retail sales or in corporate because again the money is there. They lose, but we all lose. And I think that that's the challenge right now is that the nation loses when we are not in a position to invest and provide opportunities for every young person, and again, I'd say not-so young person.","We have students at Bennett who were returning students in their 30s, 40s and even 50s. And so we want every student and every person to have the opportunity to maximize. This is the kind of economy where people really don't maximize; where, instead, as you said they're careful; they're hoarding, they're not spending. So even this little $300 of the so-called stimulus package is going to put out there, a lot of people are going to put that away.","Well\u2026","A lot people are going to say, well, I'm not going to spend that money. I'm going to wait for a rainy day."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Thank you, Tony. It's a pleasure to be with you.","As I understand it, I should be singing \"Happy Birthday\" to you. Your birthday's Monday, right?","You know all the information, don't you?","It just means we did our homework on you. Happy birthday, Nneena Freelon.","Thank you, thank you."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Very infamous words. . .",". . . George W.  Bush famously used. And he used them the last time we were involved in a Middle East conflict, declared it accomplished. And it turns out it wasn't.","No, far from it. Let's turn to some other things that are happening this week. It's not been a dull week in Washington. The president spent this past week exhibiting a lot of fury and anxiety. And, indeed, that has continued on Twitter today about the special counsel investigation, which sprouted yet another inquiry this week, and the raid on his personal lawyer, Michael Cohen.","That's right. We're learning that his personal lawyer, Michael Cohen, has been the subject of a months-long criminal corruption investigation. We know that Cohen is in trouble for several things, including not paying taxes on his taxi medallion business. But Michael Cohen is about as close to Donald Trump as anyone who has been investigated so far. He's his personal lawyer. He knows all about the Trump Organization deals all around the world because he helped negotiate some of them. We also find out just tangentially that he even helped negotiate a deal between an - the vice chairman of the RNC and a model, who he had an affair with and got pregnant."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["And it is important. Some people say that the administration is risking the advancement, that Iran is just playing for time as it has in previous discussions and spinning things out and asking for preliminary meetings and other discussions technical to - just to play this out as long as possible to continue their development, to continue to enrich uranium. And then that the administration is playing a game, saying, well, let's wait until November 5th.","Well, I think the administration has its eyes wide open in terms of Iranian negotiating tactics. And again, they have been clear that this is not an open-ended negotiation. This is not forever. I think they're going to lay down some markers that certain steps need to be taken as an - as evidence of good faith. And if they're not taken, then that's going to send a message that, you know, look, this isn't serious.","Since the last round of negotiations, Iranian officials have said publicly that Iran will insist on the right to negotiate to continue to enrich uranium to the 20 percent level. That is one of the issues that is very much under discussion at these talks. How much credence should we put in public statements by senior Iranian officials about non-negotiable positions?","I think, given what we know about the internal divisions within Iran on some of these issues and the - their negotiating behavior in the past where they've made outrageous public statements and then in negotiations walk right - walked them right back, I wouldn't put too much credence in those statements at this point."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["I don't think that the Russian trolls sitting in a factory in St.  Petersburg have First Amendment rights to communicate without restriction on Facebook. I don't think that's the issue here. The question is are we being reasonable when we expect an open platform like this to be able to wholly protect us from being exposed to that kind of information?But I do worry about overreacting to this threat of propaganda. And I do think that on some level we have to trust our citizens to be able to separate fact from fiction.","Do you have any words for Americans who support free speech but don't know where to turn and who to trust on social media?","Well, one of the things that's been encouraging in the last two years is how much Americans have turned to more trusted sources of news. People really are looking for more reliable news sources. And that's a positive development. It's never been easier to find good, responsible, interesting news. It's never been harder to avoid the bad stuff. So, I just think that what we really need to be teaching here is citizenship and judgment. And I do have some faith in the American people that they're going to figure this out.","Ben Wizner, who's director of the ACLU's Speech Privacy and Technology Project, thanks so much."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["You know, that's a really great question. Our book hit No. 3 on the New York Times bestseller list on Wednesday. And here I am having written this book and stepping into a different version of, you know, women's rights feminist icon. And it's something I'm really proud of because I had to really educate myself on what I believe to be true.","And so I - I don't know. I think that recreating a person's identity is happening on the daily. And I - for me - I want to keep breaking free from all of these identities and get down to that last one, which is human. And I hope that people out there feel the same way because we are all the same matter.","That soccer star Abby Wambach.","Abby, thank you."],"speaker":["A","A","B","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["Well, you're right. In the temporary workforce, for example, which is only something between 2 and 3 million of the employment, so that's a smaller portion, but temporary worker employment's down about 20 percent. When you look at total employment, it's down about 2 percent. So one of the things that temporary workers or contract workers or self-employed workers offer employers is flexibility.","So when there's a slowdown, when there is less project work, when there's less money available for financing, new projects, mergers and acquisitions, those kinds of things, the flexible workers generally take a harder hit than usual, and there's plenty of evidence to support that. You know, one measure of unemployment, which is called U-6, which would - includes people that are underemployed or are working temporary or part time because they can't find other work, that's up to like 13. 5 percent.","And we see that the average hourly - the average work week, at 33. 3 hours, is at a historic low. So, you're right, there's no question the flexible workers are taking it harder.","We haven't talked about pay, and in the few moments that we have left, let's talk about that. In terms of the temporary workforce, is the pay on par with those who are working permanently?Is it below?Is it, in some cases, higher?"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well, one of the big questions is going to be whether or not Donald Trump is able to turn out all of these new voters that he says he's going to be able to turn out. So if you look at the numbers on caucus night, if the numbers are about 150,000 or higher on the Republican side, people think that's a good day for Donald Trump. If there are 125,000 to 150,000, that's the number of people are saying could be good for Ted Cruz.","Democratic side, both Sen.  Sanders and Hillary Clinton seem to be getting good crowds.","For the Democrats, the thing to watch here is that Hillary Clinton has been in this state for two years organizing. They feel like they have their strong core base of support. They have Barack Obama's field operation there. Remember, he won this state in 2008. Bernie Sanders has a interesting complication because he's getting huge crowds. A lot of his supporters are young. They're college-age. The problem with them is that they're all concentrated in a few different places. He's winning more than a quarter of his vote right now in three counties. They're actually encouraging a lot of these kids to go back home so that they can filter out the vote in the rest of the state because the way delegates are picked, they need a little bit more of these kids to go back to other places. Otherwise, Hillary Clinton could wind up winning in rural counties and wind up beating Bernie Sanders, even though he might have a lot of vote concentrated in those cities.","All this concentration on Iowa - and I don't regret a moment on it. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Yeah, which politicians are able to do when required. She was very much a quiet remainer. She made one speech at the beginning and then vanished. It was almost as if she too was calculating and looking at the greater prize at the end.","Let's turn to the Labour Party. Jeremy Corbyn, the leader, has been accused of campaigning to stay in the EU just about as enthusiastically as speaker Paul Ryan in the U. S.  has been campaigning for Donald Trump.","Yeah. I think that's a - it's a perfect analogy. And he was a long-term euro skeptic, but his campaign was so (unintelligible). And he was asked on a tv show how important Britain remain in the European was, and this was at the height of the campaign. And he said, well, seven - seven and a half, and that went down very, very badly. You're not going to win votes like that, and he didn't. And there was a revolt in the Labour heartlands, in the industrial north areas, which have not done particularly well in recent years as manufacturing declines. And as a result, there was a huge uprising in the Westminster party and the houses of Parliament against him.","Yeah, his members of his shadow cabinet have been stepping up to resign."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["My reaction to the reaction is that it was spearheaded by the Daily Mail, which is really an out-and-out - almost a racist enterprise. It's - Daily Mail has been one of the most strenuous advocates for Brexit. But they were also avoiding some of the serious themes of the piece.","Well, let's talk about some of those things. Diana was famously involved with Dodi Fayed 20 years ago. And there was a lot of talk then. Now Harry is marrying Meghan Markle, as we mentioned, who is biracial. So have things changed?What does that say about the United Kingdom now?","I think that Britain is in a very strange place because the royals are kind of - as somebody said to me from the families, they're sort of one bright spot. Like, they're young. They're dynamic. They represent something that's very sort of inspiring when everything else is actually very gray because there's been this sort of political convulsion that was Brexit.","Do you think the royal family can really survive in a time when we have other kinds of celebrities that cost the taxpayer nothing?I mean, clearly, a lot of hopes are being placed on not only Meghan Markle and Prince Harry but the other younger royals like Prince William."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,0]}
{"text":["That's fantastic. As you looked around, though, people might say, don't your teammates get a little jealous?Might they want to take a shot every once in a while?","Yeah. I mean, it was really cool. My shots were falling in the first half, and they kept feeding me the ball. And at half-time, I had 58 points and my teammates were more ecstatic. And they were so happy for me, and they said they were going to keep feeding me the ball. And so I couldn't ask for better teammates, how unselfish and willing they were to continue to give me the ball. And after the game, they were just as happy, if not more happy, than I was that a record was broken.","I wanted to read you a quote. You may have seen it already from Kobe Bryant who said, \"That's crazy, man. I don't care what level you're at. Scoring 138 points is pretty insane. He added, \"he must have been wearing the Mambas. Only the Mambas can have no conscience to shoot the ball that much. \"The Mambas, as you know I'm sure, is the name of Kobe Bryant's shoe.","Yeah. Yeah. Kobe's - he was my favorite player growing up. So to hear him talk about my game was pretty cool.","No conscience though?Is that - that's the scorer's mentality?"],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Sam, in this book, you're telling the story of the Assad family, but you're also telling the story of another Syrian family. Tell me about this lost family and their relationship with the Assads.","The relationship goes all the way back to the early '50s when Mustafa Tlass and Hafez al-Assad were in their early 20s. They were cadets at the Homs Military Academy. And they basically rose up together to the pinnacle of power until - you know, Mustafa Tlass was up by Hafez's side all the way through. I mean, he was willing to kill for him by his own admission in his own memoirs. He played a crucial role in the passing of power from Hafez to Bashar.","So you have these two men, Hafez and Mustafa. And then they both have sons. And their sons are Bashar al-Assad and Manaf Tlass. Tell me about the relationship between those two men.","So Hafez al-Assad had four sons and one daughter, and the eldest was Bassel, and he was the one being groomed to take over power from his father, but he died in a car crash. So Bashar was summoned to Damascus to basically fill Bassel's shoes. I mean, initially, members of the family, even Bashar's own sister, felt he was hopeless. You know, Bashar was not equipped to inherit power."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Right.",". . . not to filibuster. If they do that, then something could pass the Senate in the next couple of days and be ready for the House to take it up on Sunday night. If the House were to then approve it - and that's a huge if, OK?","Yeah.","This is the cliff in the fiscal cliff. Thus far the House hasn't agreed to anything. Last week they wouldn't even agree to a plan from their own speaker that was only going to raise taxes on income above $1 million."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["A woman named Rabbit is a kind of miracle. She was pulled out of the grave of her dead mother along the Ma River in Vietnam on the night of a full moon, when folklore says that a rabbit walks the moon. It was troops who'd begun to pull out, but Rabbit grows up in the landscape of leveled homes and shattered lives and barren poison fields in which her own life slips between present tense and parable. Quan Barry now reads from her new novel, \"She Weeps Each Time You're Born. \"","(Reading) On this we do not agree. Some of us say she was made manifest in a muddy ditch on the way to the pineapple plantation. Others say it happened hunkered down in a piggery, the little ones with their wet snouts full of wonder at the strange, bristleous being wriggling among them for milk. Either way, we bow to you. Believe us when we say life is a wheel. There was no beginning; there is no end. But we will tell you the story as she believes it occurred - under the full rabbit moon, 6-feet below ground in a wooden box. Her mother's hands cold as ice. Overhead, the bats of good fortune flitting through the dark.","\"She Weeps Time You're Born\" is one of Library Journal's six essential debuts of 2015. And Quan Barry, who is a prize-winning poet and a professor of English at the University of Wisconsin, joins us from the studios of Wisconsin Public Radio. Thanks so much for being with us.","Thanks for having me."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Yeah.","Now, from what I hear you saying, you don't want to clean it out. You want to get more stuff in there. You're going to be cleaning out the good bacteria, would you not?","Well, that is a possibility. Although if you have problems, you clearly have some bad bacteria there that would be - that you could possibly clear out as well. What we're thinking is that perhaps something like a nasal clear out with saline are indeed anti-microbial, coupled with these rehabilitation approaches. So when you it clear it out, that you reinstate the appropriate organisms at that site, that that might be the best approach we could take for treatment.","And that, you know, 15 percent of chronic rhinosinusitis sufferers are - have good outcomes and resolved their disease symptoms with anti-microbials. So clearly, we're missing a part of the picture. We're currently - there's something missing that we need to add, and we think it's restoration of these organisms that may actually maintain a balanced immune response of these site and protect these mucosal surfaces. We actually think that something kind of an equivalent of a microbial shield at these sites (unintelligible)."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Have you been able to solve any specific problems in real time yet?I mean, you can see where, for expatriates, this is probably relieving to have something that you can do to help to try to help because it has to be frustrating to live outside the country and have your countrymen and probably your relatives going through all this. And you probably feel like, you know, what can I do?","Yes. So in the hackathon, we had 17 submissions. Three of them were completed, and four our ongoing. So like, you know, one of the ones that, you know, we're pretty excited is related to this Twitter data where people are, like, requesting medicines or offering medicine. A team built a Twitter bot that replies to those requests and try to match - do matchmaking between offer and the match.","That's exciting. I mean, I'm guessing this has been a fulfilling project for you. I mean, how has it made you feel to work on this and to see your work starting to grow?","Amazing. I think this is the best I've felt in a long time - to actively solve and engage with, you know, challenges in the country has been very gratifying for us as a team."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Well, the government, it's been a little late and a little ad hoc, you know, beginning with the bailout of Bear Stearns. You know, the solutions were simply antiseptic, one-off types of solutions that ultimately led to bigger problems, and now, of course, in the last few weeks, the potential for one giant massive solution, but the ad hoc nature of it and the timeliness of the response has been a little lacking, in my opinion.","Well, now, we have this $850 billion rescue plan, $250 billion of that going directly into banks. That's something that you have called for in the last month. The government is responding. Still, in the markets, you don't see a sense of calm, and you write about that. America is afraid, you say.","Yes. America's afraid. Investors are afraid, and, you know, the delicate combination between Wall Street and Main Street has reinforced the fear of each.","From what I read, a fundamental source of the fear is this continuing uncertainty about what assets are worth. You have offered to help the government with that?You said you'd do it for nothing. Have you heard back from anybody at the Treasury?Have they called you up to say, gee, great, thanks, let's go to work?","Well, there have been discussions, Alex. We haven't had any final decision. We hope to hear, I suppose, within the next 24 to 48 hours, and so. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Just tell me what a typical day has been like camped out there on the tracks.","Well, it's hot. It's been pretty hot out here. And then you got your rain. It's hot and wet, you know, kind of sticky. But we're coal miners - we're used to rough conditions and climates and water and all that stuff, you know.","Have local people in town been bringing you food?Have you been cooking out over an open fire?What's it been?","Yeah it's been - cooking out on a camp grill. People out of state's been calling in pizzas to the local Pizza Hut. And we've been supported well."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Right.",". . . Little inspiration pieces.","A road map.","Yeah, a little road map. You know, you want to make a right out of nowhere. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Sort of the intellectual or business father of this. But he himself did not survive. But the practice did survive. And I want to ask for some distinctions here. You have different terms in the book, slaves, indentured servants and what you call free willers. I'm intrigued by the concept of a free willer. Who were they, and what did they get from essentially putting themselves in servitude?","Well, that's what they got. They put themselves in servitude. They were desperate. They were poor people or people who didn't have enough money to pay for the trip to America. They wanted a new life. They hoped that they would get one in America. And so they signed themselves away, their freedoms away, as indentured servants to pay for their passage. And that would be for anything between three and 11 years, usually. Now most of them, initially, didn't survive more than a couple of years.","The first - the average, I think, lifespan of a new indentured servant in the 1620s was probably two years. So these were - they were called at the time free willers because they went of their free will, and so many others didn't go of their free will. They were sent there. They were sent there in chains. They were sentenced to go there. They weren't free at all. Well, nor were these people. So that's the free willers. They are indentured servants.","What about the relationship of the white indentured servants to the African or African-descendant slaves?How did they get along, and how did the people who were essentially their masters treat them differently, if they did?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["So the legislation you're pushing for would require anyone with a sex trafficking conviction to register as an offender in New Mexico. A similar bill recently failed in the state Legislature. Do you think that the Epstein case and the attention that it's getting will flip some votes?Do you think the bill is more likely to pass now?","I think the Epstein case - if there is only one positive that comes from this matter, it's that there will be more awareness that human trafficking and child trafficking is everywhere in every community, and any community can be exploited. It's appalling that the Legislature did not give this bill one hearing last year, much less consider the reform. I think the Epstein case will bring considerable amount of awareness on this issue and the real need to better protect children.","Epstein has not faced charges in New Mexico, but I understand that your office is interviewing people about what took place on his ranch. What can you tell us about that?","We do have an active investigation. We are meeting with survivors and victims involved in that matter. I'm very concerned that there definitely was a course of conduct here in New Mexico within our borders and that we don't leave any stone unturned. And we're also going to be forwarding any federal evidence to the federal authorities in New York."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Were you surprised by these numbers?","Yeah, these numbers are pretty high, and it is surprising, and I think that on one hand they're sort of real because we've seen this change over the last two decades as the rates have slowly gone up, and on the other hand they're inflated a little bit, probably because of the way they were obtained.","These are - the CDC did a study, which is like polling data. They - it's called the National Representative randomized Cross-sectional Survey. And it's - this particular trial supposedly was done with land line and cell phone telephone surveys of all households who have children.","There was a similar study just published a couple weeks ago that was on autism, which showed the rate of autism was two percent of the population, which is also very high and was discussed just in the same way. But these are epidemiological survey data, and they're worth something. We have other data to show that the numbers are indeed going up."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["And we shall not - I certainly won't see his like again. He was also incredibly fun. And so that's the thing to try to hold onto.","He wrote a lot of letters by hand, didn't he?","He wrote tons of letters. I bet there are a hundred thousand - hundreds out there signed, all the best, George Bush. Many of them are compiled in a lovely volume he did. His - you know, he was the son of a mother who insisted that he not talk - that one not talk about oneself. He was - so when it came time to write a book after he left the presidency, he didn't. . .","Oh, right."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["But you also said let me reassure you, I've seen the quality of that work. In other words, these plans are viable, credible, ready to go?","Yes, I have. I did say that. Part of my job in the Pentagon was the oversight - civilian oversight of military planning, and one of the things that we've, you know, we're charged with is to prepare options for the president no matter the contingency. And certainly, there are very viable plans with regard to contingencies involving Iran. But again, the judgment is at this point that's not where the focus should be.","And as you know, Israel has - well, has plans of its own - contingencies. And I know a large part of your speech was devoted to the idea that they should hold off and reassuring them the United States would take action if necessary and that Israeli action would be counterproductive. More counterproductive than an American strike?","Well, my point to them was we have a shared objective here - preventing Iran from getting nuclear weapons and that, you know, any military action really only buys time. It's a delaying action for one to three years. It sets the program back, but it doesn't solve the fundamental problem of Iran's pursuit of a nuclear weapons capability. To do that, you'll need a continued international campaign with sanctions, with negotiations to eventually change their calculus."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["Well, social networks and blogs have moved ahead of personal emailing among the most popular online activities. This is according to the Nielsen Company, which monitors consumer behavior. And they say time spent on these social networking sites is growing three times faster than the overall Internet rate. And they say over two thirds of the world's online population now visits social networking and blogging sites. But the issue now is how to fund these sites, right?","Mm hmm.","So, like Facebook, for example, has a huge audience, a growing audience but has very relatively little obvious advertising compared to a site like MySpace, which is cluttered with ads but have seen their audience flatten. So, it's a catch 22 for some of these sites.","Well, speaking of social networks, a hugely popular site, YouTube, is having issues overseas. Tell us about that."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["So a medicinal leech is a common name that we use for leeches that feed on humans. . .","Oh.",". . . And have anticoagulants that could be used in modern medicine. Leeches have these anticoagulants in their saliva. So when they bite, that causes the blood to flow and for the blood to stay liquid inside the leech once it's eaten it. And this has been used in medicine for many, many years. It was most popular in the 17, 1800s in Western medicine, and it's even used today in modern medicine. Leeches are approved medical device in the United States, and they're used readily.","Tell me about your collection method. How did you find this three-jawed leech?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Thanks so much for having me on.","Can you tell me a little bit about Nebraska's land and what it means to its residents, the farmers?","Yeah. So Nebraska is in many ways a typical Great Plains state. Because the Missouri River cuts through along the eastern edge of the state, that's where all of the population originally settled. And so you have major industrial centers in south Sioux City and in Omaha. And then you have the capital educational center of Lincoln. But when you travel west of Lincoln, there's almost no one there. The small farming communities have gotten smaller and smaller in the last 50 years. And you can drive for hours essentially seeing only flatlands that are planted to corn and to soybeans and occasionally dotted with hog barns and feedlots for cattle.","Speaking to that disappearing landscape, I'd like you to read a page from your book, page 69.","(Reading) To understand, first remember - Nebraska is a place. It sits square as an anvil in the center of our maps. And yet somehow, everyone manages to forget it exists. Maybe that's because Nebraska is also a land of ghosts, of small towns dwindling to the point where in another generation they might simply cease to exist.","Why are they disappearing?Where are they going?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[4,1,2,4]}
{"text":["Our concern is that the technology, regardless of where you buy it from, is just not ready for that. It will lead to bias. It will lead to false identifications. People will be put in the back of police cars when they've done nothing wrong. It seemed to us to be a step too far.","Now, on the other hand, Microsoft has provided the technology to a prison. Microsoft researchers have worked with a Chinese military-run university on AI research that some people fear could be used against China's minorities. So to you, where is the line when it comes to helping governments gain and use these kinds of tools?","We need to look constantly at the technology that's at issue and how it's going to be used. We were comfortable providing facial recognition within a prison because the sample size of people involved is actually relatively small. We could be confident that people would be identified correctly. And there was a societally beneficial goal, namely to actually help keep prisoners safe by knowing who was where and at what time.","More broadly, we've supported basic research, advances in the fundamental frontiers of knowledge. You know, we're not working, for example, with authorities in China to deploy facial recognition services for surveillance. But when you get to the bottom foundation for all artificial intelligence, advances in machine learning and the like, we believe that that's where there are real benefits for people able to work on advancing scientific knowledge more generally."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Wow.","On steroids, that's what Tops in Blue is. And it's serious stuff. It's a lot of fun. There's a little break dancing, a little pop locking. And once again, it's very interactive. It's very much a very different theater experience.","You know, we had on Brian Copeland, who has a very successful one-man show called \"Not a Genuine Black Man\" and also dealing with some really very harsh realities of his childhood. It strikes me that, you know, that's got to be part of what shaped you as a person who's able to do - what is it?How many characters do you have in the show?","Twenty-three characters."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Really.","But they removed like some G - from what I understand, you can't like ping it for like GPS location. So I believe GPS types of tracking or chips have been removed out of it. So I think it is a stripped down and highly secure BlackBerry.","One of the things and you mentioned this earlier, Mario, that the president wants to do - he wants to put everybody on the Internet who wants access to it, and he's trying to expand it into rural areas.","I'm sorry."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Does either party see political damage in permitting a shutdown?","Nobody wants a shutdown. I do believe that's true, although I do think that on this issue - more than a lot of issues - that passions are really high because it's not just talking about fiscal policy or some other thing. We're talking about human lives. And human lives are at stake, and families are at stake. So it's not going to be an easy puzzle to solve.","NPR's congressional correspondent Susan Davis, thanks so much.","You're welcome."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Michael was 23. He was the son of Nelson, who was the governor of New York at the time. As you said, his father had opened the Museum of Primitive Art. So he was collecting primitive art from the Asmat, who were incredible, beautiful carvers. And he was on a makeshift catamaran in a lot of rough, turbulent water, and they got into trouble. And they ended up drifting. . .","Like, capsized.",". . . a day. And. . .",". . . capsized on this catamaran. He's there with this guy called Rene Wassing, the Dutch anthropologist, and his last words are: I think I can make it."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Thirty years ago today, a democracy movement was snuffed out in China's Tiananmen Square. Tanks opened fire on demonstrators, killing young protesters. This was a pivotal moment in modern Chinese history. And NPR's Deborah Amos covered the crackdown. She joins us to share some of her memories from that time 30 years ago.","Hi, Deb.","Hi there.","So you arrived in the country just after this massacre. Why did the Chinese government allow foreign journalists in?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Have you had any feelers for a plea bargain from Socrates?","We were open to that discussion. And so, if Mr.  Webb and Mr.  Bob Clifford are listening, we're hoping to cut a deal. And it would disappoint the audience, who paid for a show, but I think we'd be willing to talk about perhaps a deferred prosecution agreement.","In our time, I think the key to Socrates wisdom is taken to be that Socrates said he was not the wisest man in Athens, and of course that just confirmed that he was because he was the only man who was aware of his limitations in ignorance. How do lawyers react to that?","Oh, I think there's a lot to be said for that, in that Socrates asked a lot of questions and gave fewer answers. But I think a lot of what happened in the trial of Socrates was interesting history. For example, the people talk about the death penalty, and I think what they miss at the time was that Athenian law required a jury to pick between the two options. So, if the government asked for death and the defendant asked for something different, they couldn't come up with a third option. And so since Socrates put before the jury his request that he be given free meals for life, they really had little choice. Either pay a man convicted of a crime free meals for life or put him death. And so I think part of what will take place next week is to try to put people back in the perspective of the Athenians, where Socrates gave them little choice and had to vote when it came to the penalty phase."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Arthur Thomas took Jeni Stepien's hand as the music at her wedding reception started. He did my father-daughter dance with me and then handed me to my mom, she wrote on Facebook. It was truly the best day of my entire life.","The Department of Health and Human Services says that almost 30,000 people received organ transplants in the United States in 2014. But 22 people a day die, on average, while waiting for a transplant, in part because there's a shortage of organs available.","Charity Tilleman-Dick, an opera soprano who's become a vocal advocate for organ donation, has had two double lung transplants at Cleveland Clinic. She still sings. I'm alive today because a family in Ohio turned their tragedy into a miracle, she told us. Some people say life's not a sprint, it's a marathon. It should be a relay. When you round mortality's final bend, pass the baton. In death, we can give breath. We can give grace. We can give life.","(Singing) Another day, a day of grace, is given us from on high."],"speaker":["B","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Yes.","Have you photographed them?Or have they been clients of yours?","Not paying clients. Yes, I have shot them at a rally in Chicago.","OK.  Not - well, not paying in the sense that you would like to have them as clients or pursue them at one point, or you just are taking pictures of them, as everyone else is doing, when they're out in public?","No, I was part of the campaign. I was heavily involved in fundraising and (unintelligible) and have gone to battleground states, signing up voters. So, yeah, I was there, part of the group, and I shot them because this is something I wanted to do. I wasn't a paid photographer of staff, but yes. Would I like to shoot them as a paid person?Absolutely.","Yeah, I'm guessing the answer to that would be yes. Are you hopeful of that opportunity still?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,4]}
{"text":["Exactly, keep looking up, and I can't believe I still pinch myself every time that I get to say those words afterwards. But this is the fellow that would appear on your PBS station, usually late at night, at weird hours, for a minute or five minutes telling you what's up in the sky. He'd sit on the rings of Saturn and point out at Jupiter, and he'd have this very interesting voice. It was great.","And so he passed away a few years ago, and the station has decided to continue the program. We've done a little bit of touching-up to it, but it's called \"Star Gazers,\" and so you might catch us on weird hours on your PBS station, and they're always online at our website, stargazersonline. org, and you can watch any of the shows there, and we'll tell you what's up in the sky and say keep looking up. That's what we always say.","That's it. It's a great show. I've been watching it for years. I used to know Jack for a while, so. . .","Oh, I know, what a great guy. I mean, this is a populizer of astronomy, and I just hope that I can fill his shoes a little bit and get people excited about the stars."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Look, Farai, for years immigrants have been moving into South Africa going back to the apartheid era, to work in the mines, to work in various industries. So, immigration is not new to South Africa. But when you have the level of frustration and the depth of poverty and wealth polarization, it was a time bomb. It was just a matter of when it was going to blow up.","There was a commentary in allafrica. com that said that poverty is at the root of this. Do you agree with that?","Yes. Oh yeah, absolutely, I'd say that I mean there's many roots, and it's very likely that there was a group or grouping that actually incited these pogroms, these attacks, but fundamentally, this is about poverty. This is about frustration. This is about people saying we've been waiting for more than 10 years, for 14 years, for the fruits of our national liberation struggle to come forward, and we're not seeing it.","We're not seeing land distributed the way that it should be. We're not seeing the fundamental changes in water and electricity and other things that we've needed. We've not seen the development of housing on the level that we've needed, and this has just been boiling over."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["And now to the Midwest, where heavy rainfall has made growing conditions tough for farmers. One crop in particular - corn - has been hit hard. According to the Department of Agriculture, this is the slowest start to the corn-planting season on record. To hear more about this, we've called Matt Boucher. He's a fourth generation farmer from Dwight, Ill. , where he grows corn as well as soybeans, wheat and cover crops. And in fact, we caught him out in the field, where he's trying to plant. Matt, welcome. Thanks so much for joining us.","Thanks for having us. Appreciate it.","Well, walk me through the season. What would normally have happened by now, and what has actually happened now?","Well, we're normally completed now. We're moving on to fertilizing corn and maintaining the weed pressures, you know, keeping the weeds out of the field. But right now it's just not the case. We're still planting and trying to get things in and might have some acres we're just not going to be able to get in, no matter what we do.","And why is that?It's just that the ground's been too wet or what?Why is that?"],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":[". . . Or the Weinstein sexual scandals or, you know, the shooting in Texas. I mean, it's just, like - it's a continual thing of these events that are just rocking people's lives. And I used to just be a viewer. And I used to just kind of go from one event to another. And now I'm stuck in one of those events because I could list all the things that we've done as a family and all the things - I mean, just like soccer practices. And I haven't missed a day of work. And booster meetings. And we've gone to our dentist appointments and our doctor's appointments. But I still feel like it's day one.","Investigators, as we speak, still haven't come up with anything resembling a motive that we know about.","What bothers me more than the motive or lack of motive is lack of information. Whenever we get a little tidbit of something, we just jump on it because we just have a desire to know. Like, the first week after it happened, I was obsessed with, like, my escape route. Like, I was just looking at Google images, pictures of the event. Like, where did I go?And then my next thing was, I want to know where the shooter went, where he came from. I wanted to see him walking into the hotel, walking out of the hotel. And they haven't released any of that.","Why do you want to see that?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Yes. In fact, by far. And that's why the Senate's version of this tax bill largely prevailed in the negotiations with the House over the last few weeks. Before those began, the Senate vote was just a bare majority before they had that big sit-down with the other chamber. And there were several Republican senators on the fence about it, even as yesterday morning dawned. That would include Bob Corker of Tennessee, Marco Rubio of Florida, Susan Collins of Maine.","But now Corker and Rubio are fully on board. Rubio got some more money for the child tax credit. And Bob Corker was objecting to the deficit increase, which is kind of still there, but he says it won't be, maybe, that bad. And he is, of course, a good Republican and a businessman. And he has to like a lot of what's in this bill.","Is this the bill Republicans feel they need to say that they can govern when they have control of the Senate, the House and the presidency?","Indeed. It shows that they can pass a big and complicated piece of legislation that they promised to pass and do it with just their own majorities in both the House and the Senate. It should satisfy the hardcore support base and the donor class that has been growing restive in recent months since the Obamacare repeal failure. And, of course, the jury is out on how many other people it's going to satisfy, including the wage-earners who voted for Donald Trump last year, believing he would be their champion."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Well, I think people that are overly tied to capitalism and who think that capitalism - and, once again, I speak as a Wharton grad, is the be all and end all of economic systems and that people who are uncomfortable looking at the poor. And there are, you know, not a few Catholics who are like that.","Jim, did the College of Cardinals expect this from the man they chose to be pope?","I don't think so. I think that they expected a person who's holy and came make tough decisions and live simply, but I don't think they expected someone who would shake things up quite this way. And, you know, frankly, most Jesuits who knew him didn't expect this either. But, you know, it shows you once again the power of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit does what the Holy Spirit wants to do.","Father James Martin, who's culture editor of the Jesuit magazine America. Thanks so much. Good holiday to you, Jim."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Shawn Levy, an accomplished biographer and film critic, joins us now. Shawn, thanks so much for being with us.","Thank you.","How does the chateau both fit into and stand above the Hollywood landscape?","Well, physically, it actually stands above the Sunset Strip. It's right on the eastern edge of the strip on a rise, and it's situated at a curve. So if you come toward it from the east - from Hollywood into West Hollywood - it kind of disappears. The road takes you away from it before you quite register it."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["But the technical. . .","Let me just jump in. When you say GDP, that's the Gross Domestic Product?","Exactly. So when you see growth going down, you see yourself in a recession. And it's, you know, it's Standard English, frankly. It's not rocket science, but the fact is that the macro numbers, Farai, belie what the micro reality is for so many people.","We've been seeing lay off numbers for over two years. We've seen a 5. 2 percent unemployment rate. All of those things combine to speak to, at least, economic hard times. But the technical definition of a recession is that you have two quarters of GDP going down. Now let's look at the next quarter because right now we don't have that."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["Absolutely not. In fact, the art world has been so distracted by ridiculously obscenely high prices that mainly the only art that people are even aware of is art that costs a lot of money. There's a strange exception around Basquiat. No artist of color has ever entered this kind of pantheon of, you know, Picasso, Van Gogh, all of the rest whose work does sometimes sell for over $100 million.","So you know what?I have to make a strange exception to my rule, that in this case, I kind of love that Jean-Michel Basquiat has entered that and broken that barrier. More power to women, more power to artists of color. These lives do matter, and they're going to continue to matter.","Jerry Saltz, senior art critic of New York magazine, and he joined us from New York. Thank you so much.","Thank you. It was a pleasure."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["I am - my lips are sealed. But let's just say we are a certain kind of gypsy and we - it's very much like a family. When you've been touring together for six months or more and you're all living on a bus, you become very close and very supportive and close in good ways and bad ways.","But we feel very privileged to be able to do what we do. And the places we get to go, the people we get to meet, the stages we get to perform on, it's a privilege. It really is. It's something we don't ever want to take for granted.","I was, again, thinking back to that song, in that leafy neighborhood you described around Washington, D. C.","Well, actually, I was thinking about where I grew up - the first 10 years of my life - in Princeton, New Jersey, when I was describing that. But you're right, very much, lot of leafy neighborhoods in Washington where I have spent most of my life."],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["He had a very utopian view of how computers would change work, but he had also a kind of warning. He had a very utopian view of how computers would change work, but he had also a kind of warning.","That's computer scientist Eugene Fiume of Simon Fraser University. That's computer scientist Eugene Fiume of Simon Fraser University. Fiume says that despite his concern about the need for rapid re-education, Asimov was an optimist in his predictions. Fiume says that despite his concern about the need for rapid re-education, Asimov was an optimist in his predictions.","What he predicted was that computers themselves would allow people to become researchers and scientists and artists - this idea of replacing that low-level intellectual work and allowing people to improve themselves by looking at higher level intellectual work. What he predicted was that computers themselves would allow people to become researchers and scientists and artists - this idea of replacing that low-level intellectual work and allowing people to improve themselves by looking at higher level intellectual work.","It's hard to say how many laid-off factory workers have moved on to pick up paintbrushes, but Fiume says that Asimov's 1983 essay envisions how, left to their own devices. . . It's hard to say how many laid-off factory workers have moved on to pick up paintbrushes, but Fiume says that Asimov's 1983 essay envisions how, left to their own devices. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["Well again, our hearts go out to the Hudson family. I wanted to bring up one more thing though, which is that, you know, Friday night is, in happy terms for a lot of kids, the night of ghouls and goblins. But there are these sex offender registries that reveal that in most of our neighborhoods there are people who have been convicted of crimes, including attacking children.","So Missouri enacted a law restricting convicted sex offenders on Halloween, and convicted sex crime offenders would be prohibited from leaving their homes between 5 P. M.  and 10:30. They would also have to hang a sign on their door that says no candy or treats at this residence. But a federal judge temporarily blocked the curfew for this Friday. The case is still in appeal. So what was it about this law that didn't pass the smell test for the judge?","It was vague and over broad. That's what didn't pass the smell test. What is just cause?They say that they - a sex offender can leave for just cause. So how do you define just cause?Is that a trip to the pharmacy to get some Aspirin, or does it have to be a medical emergency?","And also, they are saying Halloween-related contact with children, does that mean a man - and I believe that was one of the four sex offenders who brought this says, I have a nephew ,or a son or something that's living in my house, does that mean I cannot carve a pumpkin in my own home with my child?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["I mean, race is all throughout this conversation in the way people think about it and who the actual players are literally in this case. So Shaun Harper, who is a scholar on diversity in higher education at USC, said that, you know, many of the schools in the Power Five were either officially or effectively segregated for most of their histories. And that has really tangible consequences for the way campus life looks. And so these are conceived as white spaces. Their fan bases are white. Their alumni bases are white. Their cultural spaces are white. And so black students will be players in football and basketball. They'll be on the court and the field but they won't be in the stands.","So you're saying black people will be players. What do those demographics look like?","So most of the players in the money sports, in football and basketball at the Power Five schools, are black. So 56 percent of the basketball players - men's basketball players - are black. Fifty-five percent of the football players are black. But 2. 4 percent of the students at these schools are black men. And so this is -","Only?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["They have indeed, but not through Jordan, as far as I know.","And you talked about hedging your bets. Doesn't that risk putting your bets on the wrong side if, indeed, the rebels do topple, which from what you say, the regime believes is only a matter of time. Why don't they put their bets on - with the opposition?","That's a debate that is actually going on inside the country today. As I said, 82 percent of Jordanians are with the uprising, not all of them, however, are with any military intervention against the Syrian regime. This is a very sensitive issue in Arab politics, to be seen as actively working militarily against an Arab regime. Still, as I said, the sentiments of the people in Jordan, not all of them, but the overwhelming majority of them, are with the uprising. And the country, I would expect, the government, will probably have to change its position as developments move. It's a fair question to ask. You know, one day, we'll be able to do so. There are many who have asked the government to take on a sort of a clearer position on the Syrian crisis than it has so far.","How porous is the border?If people wanted to operate across it clandestinely, would they be able to do so?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,1]}
{"text":["Now here we are 15 years later. Let's talk about the restructuring efforts that are going on in Rwanda now.","Yeah.","Describe that.","I actually had a chance to be back there this last summer. I was just really impressed. I met with some of my old friends and some new ones. There was a gentleman and his wife who'd been hiding in one of the orphanages that I was bringing food and water to, three months in this tiny little room, six of them, and he's now a high court judge. She's deputy director of Ombudsman, and this Ombudsman program is just huge as far as I'm concerned."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["And, of course, a lot of the Democrats are aware of these shortfalls. And there are counties with only one insurance company and counties where it's not clear there are going to be any insurance companies. And some of that's been overblown, but there are real problems. And, of course, any bill, any large program, any law needs to be revisited and amended, and the parties need to get together to do that.","These insults this week flying back and forth between the president and Kim Jong Un - lunatic, frightened dog, dotard. I don't know about you, I had to look that one up.","We all did.","This is this just scenery chewing or are people in official Washington worried it could encourage something more destructive?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["The World War II submarine veterans that survived - most people don't know this, but submarine service was the deadliest service to be in during World War II. So these guys wanted to honor all their lost friends. And ironically, they had to use spring floods to actually put it in place, and we're going to have to use spring floods or early summer floods to put it back in place, so full circle, you know?","Yeah. So I'm talking to you, of course, on Memorial Day. You had a whole ceremony planned at the memorial park. What did you all have planned?","Well, another thing that we have on the ground is a piece of the USS Oklahoma, one of the battleships that sunk at Pearl Harbor. And we were actually going to do what we call a tolling for all the people who perished on board the USS Oklahoma. So it's over 400 people. It's a beautiful ceremony. And that's the painful thing is that everybody's off today, but we don't feel complete because we're not doing what we want to do. We're not honoring the people that have given their lives for this country. And it's kind of - I don't know. I don't know how to take it. It's weird.","Well, Brent Trout, thank you so much for taking the time to speak with us. And we wish you luck in the coming days as you watch what happens with the water there."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["I think they have put a scare into people enough that they'd approve almost anything, and that's unfortunate. But I think we rely on our leadership. Cal Rapson, who is our vice president, has been in General Motors his entire life. I worked with Cal when I was here as a president. I think he understands the needs of auto workers, understands what GM can do and what they can't do, and I think, if we follow his leadership along with Ron Getelfinger, we're not going to be in too bad a shape.","You worked at a GM plant for 32 years. What you're seeing right now, how does that compare to what you've seen in the past?There have been troubled times before.","Never have seen anything to this magnitude. Well, my local has gone from 14,000 members to 2,000. When I was here, we were worrying about what was our next product, not worrying about whether we were going to have a product.","And so, for some of the workers that are there now with you at this UAW hall currently employed, what are they talking about?Are they coming up with a plan B in case this doesn't happen and they don't have jobs?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["But also, at the moment, there is a decided sense of panic and loss of confidence in the financial system itself, which is actually exacerbating the situation. The scariest thing that's going on at the moment is, essentially, there's a run on the whole of the Western world's banking systems. It's a behind-the-scenes run, but it's a run nonetheless. And this is why you're seeing some extraordinary action by central banks, essentially because they are now the only people in the - around who are willing to fund or finance the banking sector.","If there's a loss of faith in leadership in the U. S.  and Europe, where do you look for world financial leadership now?","Well, I think the interesting thing is, the normal thing - place you would look would be to the finance ministers and the central bank governors of the world and seek to see whether they can come up with some sort of plan or some sort of coordinated action. Everyone is gathering together later this week in Washington on Friday and at the weekend.","And so this is a real test. I don't think they necessarily want it to be a test, but I'm sure it will be seen as a test to see whether the authorities can do more than look at how to stop this happening again in the long term, which is one of things, actually, they were intending the meeting to be about, but actually to try and stop the panic."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["I think we typically are having a totally misguided debate about racism in this country.","And in exactly the way you're saying, in that people get accused of racism. They become massively defensive because it's a word that should destroy you. And so you totally resist it, and we're not really discussing policies.","Exactly. And, I mean, obviously if you could express in one minute racist ideas and in the next minute anti-racist ideas, and what we're saying is stop expressing those racist ideas and start recognizing the equality of racial groups, then that's a completely different discussion.","Well, let's talk about the president's remark that set this off, in which he said that four women of color who are in Congress, who are Democrats, should go back where they came from and try to clean up their messed-up countries. We at NPR have been pretty explicit in labeling that as old racist language. Go back where you came from is a thing that's been said by a lot of people for a long time. But you're the scholar. Is that a racist statement?And if so, why is it a racist statement?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["That's right, that's right, and we essentially within the DNA give the instructions for that cell to read out the viral protein.","OK, so you put the cell to work, and then what happens?What's the second stage?","Well, then after a few months, we come back and we boost the immune response, and we can do that in one of two ways. We can actually inject the standard inactivated vaccine, the one that you and I get every year in our flu shot, or we can also do it by using a different type of carrier, a viral vector, an adenovirus, that can do the same thing.","In our human studies, we've actually done it with the standard flu vaccine."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["No, I think he's wrong about that. I think Assad is one of the main reasons for the growth of ISIS. And that's the message I would have for the Russians now. You know, if they think somehow that backing Assad without any prospect for political transition will succeed, I think they're wrong.","But is there anything in Bashar al-Assad's profile that would suggest if he's able to hold onto power long enough to be part of a solution that then he just, you know, hops a plane for France and says you guys take care of it from now on?","No, nothing at all, and that's precisely my point. You can achieve limited political objectives with support for the opposition and limited military force. But the ultimate political objective of regime change takes a lot more than we have been prepared to do.","One last question. What would the messy solution you're talking about ideally look like in, say, six months?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Yeah, absolutely.","Robo-fish and friends.","It's a great little video up there on our website at sciencefriday. com. It's our video pick of the week and. . .","And you can see this following, the milling about of the robots. One thing that he said that was really interesting to me is, you know, not every fish will follow. And so his next installment - so stay tuned, this could be number three in a few years - is to figure out how personality drives sort of the differences between the fish. It seems that the bolder fish are less apt to follow the robotic fish."],"speaker":["A","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Yeah, South Korea, the Netherlands. We played, you know, the reigning champs, Serbia, and we also played Turkey. So yeah. Yeah, we had a good four games of full play.","I understand the French team looks strong.","They are strong. They're very good. There's a lot of good teams here. I mean, this is the highest level of 3x3 in the - 3 on 3 (ph) basketball there is around the world.","Do you feel you're kind of in on the ground floor of a sport that's going to become more popular around the world?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["That's right.","Their due, and they would make great traveling companions, you're saying. You know, we once had a piece of moss - we've done a show on moss before, and we got some samples of moss, and we've just stuck them out on the porch, and they lasted for years all by themselves just sitting there.","They do, they do.","Yeah, it's really interesting. Do they produce anything for humans?I mean if you took them along on the Mars trip, could you eat them?Why would you bring them along to Mars?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Yeah. I always - I was - firstly, I want to say that she was always super generous and warm and very, very affectionate with me. So there was no problem of that kind. But there was - you know, there were certain attitudes. And I think with her, like, there was a kind of desire to shock.","Do you think that's because at least the elder royals are very insular?They're very protected from the rest of society and its headwinds and changes.","Yeah. I think that is true. I think that it wasn't just - I mean, it was colored people, homosexuals, Jews. People would have these very polite manners. And then they would say these rather awful things. You know, it's like, I'm terribly sorry. I don't like Jews very much. You know, you just can't talk like that. So there was certainly a kind of - it was very, very archaic.","Your piece has gotten quite a bit of reaction in the British tabloids. And some of it has not been positive. What's your reaction to the reaction?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["He says today's number one threat to American national security is nuclear proliferation and terrorism. His new book, \"Will Terrorists Go Nuclear?\"examines both the risks and psychology of nuclear terrorism, and says terrorists don't need to have such weapons to perpetrate nuclear terror.","Nuclear terrorism is about the very frightening possibility that terrorists could acquire and employ nuclear weapons. Nuclear terror is about the anticipation of that event. Nuclear terrorism is about terrorists' capabilities, intelligence, evidence, our assessment of the threat. Nuclear terror is about our imagination.","The history of nuclear terrorism can be briefly summarized. Fortunately there hasn't been any. Many would hasten to add yet. But nuclear terror has a rich history, and it's deeply embedded in our popular culture and our policy making circles.","One of the other things you mentioned in the book, among many, is that al-Qaeda might become the world's first terrorist nuclear power without possessing a single nuclear weapon. And I suppose the answer to that is in part what you just were describing."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,0]}
{"text":["Pat and Gina are fun, folksy and family oriented. Pat started our chat by telling me how it all got started.","First of all, I was 23 years of age, and I always felt like, even back then, that the best thing I had going for me was my age, and the worst thing I had going for me was my age. Because I was young enough to make mistakes, yet, at the same time, I was going to be young enough to recover from them.","So, you know, it was a very, very gutsy move because he and I, we didn't have a quarter. And I'm sure you're saying, well, how did you open up a restaurant without any money?Well, my grandmother, who was in her 90s, was gracious enough and had enough faith and confidence in us to use her house as collateral, and we took out a small 20,000 dollar loan, opened up a 2,000-square-foot restaurant in 1988.","And, the first day we opened, we were dead broke. We didn't have a cash register. There were so many things that we didn't have that I wouldn't dare try to open up a restaurant in today's time without. But in less than the two years - we leased the building for two years - in two years, not only had we paid my grandmother her money back, but we had saved 40,000 dollars. And we took that money and used it as a down payment and purchased our first restaurant."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["Is anyone doing that research?","Well, I have the good fortune of working on an NSF career ward myself, entitled tornado-resilient communities. And we're sort of scratching the surface here, trying to first of all apply what knowledge we know from our wind hazard research here in Florida and all the work that has been done by the emergency management and the building codes here.","But beyond that, I'm working with manufacturers of adhesive products and so on to develop new ways, new, more resistant ways in which we can actually get these buildings held together.","You think some sort of building Super Glue?Is that what you're talking about?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Is this situation just overshadowed by other refugee and humanitarian crises in the world?","I think so. I think its a challenge that, you know, Uganda is the third largest refugee-hosting country in the world now, but I think most people dont realize that. When we think about refugees, we often think about the Syria crisis, which is the world's largest. We think about people who are crossing the Mediterranean. But we're not thinking about the now almost a million people who've crossed this land border into Uganda but have also fled from South Sudan into Kenya and Ethiopia and even into Sudan.","We're also in a situation where the administration has sent very limited aid budgets to Congress. And fortunately because the commitment that Congress continues to show, they've actually rejected those steep cuts to humanitarian aid and provided strong funding - robust funding for humanitarian assistance. But we need to see that funding really get out of the bank accounts in D. C.  and get out to the ground, where it's needed.","Has Uganda been been so welcoming?The international community has thought there's relatively little reason to get involved."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["Yes. I mean, the biggest actor in all of this has been the U. N. Refugee Agency. That's the UNHCR. But, you know, the reality is that these organizations can only do so much without international supports. The UNHCR has said that they need $46 million from the international community for their response to the Venezuelan crisis this year alone","Mr.  Ramsey, just a few years ago, Venezuela was booming, wasn't it?","It was. You know, Venezuela has the largest oil reserves in the world. But due to a combination of falling oil prices, governmental mismanagement, you know, the situation has gotten extremely bad. There was a study that came out a couple months ago that found that over half of Venezuelans report losing weight in the last year with an average loss of 20 pounds. People are dying of treatable diseases because of a lack of medication.","Do any of the refugees talk about the political situation?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Well, like you were saying, these 737 Max jets - they had an automated system, and it was designed to keep the planes safe, to keep them in the air and avoid stalls, but it malfunctioned. And as many people know, that sent the planes into a nosedive, and two of them crashed, and 346 people were killed. There's, of course, been a lot of scrutiny, ongoing investigations, concerns that the Federal Aviation Administration maybe handed off too much responsibility to Boeing itself without doing proper government oversight.","This report doesn't deal with all of that, and the crash specifically. What this is is interesting. It's a small group of Boeing board members who've themselves been digging into this and looking for ways to improve safety at the company. And they're about to come out with recommendations about how this company could reshape itself in the wake of these devastating crashes.","What can you tell us about what these recommendations - what this report will say?","Well, there's a lot of stuff, but one big thing would be that - to change who the engineers who work on these airplanes actually work on them. Currently, they - many of them report to the business leader for each airplane model that this engineer or that engineer might happen to be working on."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["The government is treading a fine line. On one hand, it acknowledges that this is a regime that cannot survive, and that this is a matter of time, only. At the same time, because it's a neighbor and because the borders are still open and there is some trade going on, in addition to other reasons, the government is careful not to take matters, sort of, beyond a certain point. But I think that there is wide consensus in the region that understands that this regime has no chance of survival. The problem and the questions is, how many more people will be killed before it leaves the scene?","Again, Turkey - we know that the Free Syrian Army uses Turkey as a safe haven. Injured are brought back to be treated in medical facilities. The fighters return there to rest and re-equip and then come back. That's a very porous border in that situation. What about Jordan?Is Jordan allowing the Free Syrian Army effectively to operate from its territory?","No. There are no military operations being conducted out of Jordan for the Free Syrian Army. Jordan has received a number of defectors from Syria, including the ex-prime minister of Syria and several army officers who have defected to Jordan. But they have not engaged in any military activity, so far.","Why no?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2]}
{"text":["Well, you know, we've done a bunch of these kinds of stories that run in the body issue. And we've done everything from the importance of the glute to the strange secret ritual of the team shower. And we thought, gosh, we've kind of gone there with every other story. The last thing to explore was pee breaks.","I want to talk about the Tour de France in particular. These guys are on their bikes for hours and hours and hours. But it's the Tour leader wearing a yellow jersey, I might add, who gets to signal - is this right?- when it's time for the riders to pull over for a bit of relief?","It turns out, yeah. One of the greatest honors, according to the riders, of getting the yellow jersey is that you get to control when everybody else who's racing stops for a little bit of a pee break.","Which is extraordinary."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Before we started recording, you were telling me a story about talking to Dr.  King while he was shaving.","Oh. Well, I've been in his room. . .","Yeah.",". . . When he was shaving. I've been in Dr.  Abernathy's room. Dr.  Abernathy would put more lather on his face. And he didn't smell quite as mild as Dr.  King (laughter), you know?I can just - I didn't have no reason to think I could be remembering that - anything like that. I was just a young fella just caught up in the movement. And it was just an honor to be able to just see Dr.  King, as well as to go up to his room with somebody. It wasn't by myself during that time. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["There's tanks - a row of tanks that stretches from one end of the square to the other. It's clear that that square will have a symbolic meaning to this army for some time to come. We're now moving in front of another long line of soldiers. And as we pass, they lock their eyes on this rickshaw. And they follow us as we move by. We're still moving down the boulevard that's in front of Tiananmen Square. And it's quite remarkable how clean the square is now.","You know, the most memorable thing from that ride was a small, English sign that was hanging from a bridge. And it said, all these things must be answered for. And it was that small flicker of protest that was still there.","And for 30 years since then, the Chinese government has worked hard to erase the memory of what happened in Tiananmen Square that day. How successful has the campaign been?","Pretty successful. Ari, I have met Chinese students who came to the States to study journalism. And for the first time, they read about Tiananmen Square. And I see what happens in their heads. How could I not know about this?They've come to study journalism, and so many of them - I see that mental landscape shift. And they know that they can't be the kind of journalists that they are studying in America. They can't go back to China to do that."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["In diapers, exactly. But the London police haven't quite given the final say-so on that yet. But, you know, there will be a lot of protests. That may upset the president. It's controversial, but the government insists, and the diplomats insist, that he's a vital part of nurturing a special relationship, which they insist is very good for the U. K.","Because he's not only going, he's getting literally the royal treatment.","Yeah. I mean, this is as good as it gets if you're a head of state coming to the U. K. It is bells and whistles. It's pomp and circumstance. It's a banquet at Buckingham Palace, although that seems to be being boycotted by Meghan Markle, the Duchess of Sussex, also by Jeremy Corbyn, the leader of the - of Her Majesty's Opposition, and Vince Cable, the leader of the Liberal Democrats.","But I don't think that's going to take the gloss off it too much for Donald Trump. He's someone who has made it very clear this is what he wants, and we're expecting him to look like he's lapping it up."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3]}
{"text":["Well, it's my pleasure, Scott. Thank you.","Can you recreate for us in a sense, like our town does, a summer day at that house you loved?","Basically, people woke up as early as they could, as close to dawn. Everyone was kind of on their own once the kids got older and could take care of themselves to fix something for breakfast and start the day however they wanted as long as they were busy.","There was no television, barely a radio. And it would be tuned into very infrequently, generally when the Red Sox were playing. And all you got were scratchy sounds anyway. People were left to just, I guess, invite the outdoors into their hearts and their souls."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,1,3]}
{"text":["Yeah. And I had kind of come across this - oh, put that to one side - and once I did look into it, I couldn't put it down because it is dynamite. And it's based primarily - the starting point, the kicking off point is there was a secret cabal of British imperialists and colonialists that wanted to recreate the British Empire. And in 1891, they sat down in a caucus in order to make this happen, they would have to deal with the one emerging power, and that, of course, was Germany. Germany was at that time a rising power, industrialization and evermore world importance. And so the premise of the book is that there was a contrivance from 1891 right through 1914. And it is very, very meticulously documented as to how this was achieved.","Let me ask you about the fiction you've been reading now, including one - a series in which a taxi driver. . .","Oh. . .",". . . Not to my surprise whatsoever, is the hero."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Yeah - no - no, Martians here.","OK.  You've - is it fair - you've gone into Michael Cohen's background extensively. Is it fair to call him a fixer?","You know, I think that he handled a lot of matters for Donald Trump before he was - before he became the president that were difficult and sensitive issues. Michael's role at the Trump Organization was not really that of a lawyer. One Trump Organization - senior Trump Organization official pointed out that when the legal department at the company had a meeting, Michael was not included. He was not part of the legal department. He didn't really practice law there.","In fact, when the government was arguing with Mr.  Cohen's lawyers over issues of whether or not material seized by the government in a search warrant were privileged, the government indicated that an examination of his emails - they previously had a search warrant for his emails that had been secret until it was revealed in the course of that litigation. But that an examination of his emails indicated both that he conducted little to no legal work for President Trump or for The Trump Organization. And it also pointed out that he never emailed with Mr.  Trump. But I think Mr.  Trump is not a big - not a big emailer."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["That's correct. Yes, well, the last thing we've heard it was just outside of Port Fourchon, which is at the lower end of LaFourche Parish. So the winds have been picking up a bit and that's what we're getting ready for here. So far, however, we are putting stuff up on the web and we haven't stopped all night.","I hear people on the radio behind you, you must be at a sort of emergency control headquarters or something?","No, no, not us; we're just communicating with our reporters. We have reporters out in different parts of the parish, and we're trying to keep in touch with them as we can, and get what information they're getting as travel with the authorities.","What are you going to do when your internet connection goes down?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Eastern Congo may be the most dangerous place on Earth, and it's getting worse. A rebel army is moving on the biggest city, Goma. Hundreds of thousands of people are running for their lives. This is the region of infamous ethnic killing between the many people who call themselves Hutus and the far fewer Tutsi.","Hez Holland is a correspondent with Reuters. He's been reporting from Goma. He joins us now. Hez, welcome. And remind us, this is also a region of enormous wealth - timber and minerals. People have been fighting over it for a long time.","At least. It's historically been a curse, what with the mineral wealth and, as you said, the timber, has been something that has been fought over for - since the Belgians. It's always been a place where minerals have been extracted and exploited, and the people have always been just pawns in the great game of any kind of colonial power, really.","Well, now, there's this rebel group led by a man named General Nkunda. He is a former Congolese general. And it is moving on the city of Goma. What are you seeing there now?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,0,2]}
{"text":["Well, we - it seemed that this is something that happened fairly recently. Dan Coats had been at odds with the president, seemed like he might be on the way out. So that part of it wasn't such a surprise. And there were reports that Ratcliffe did meet with the president a couple of weeks ago, so he had sort of caught the president's attention. And then Ratcliffe was a very sharp critic of Robert Mueller, suggesting that Mueller had overstepped his bounds in the sort of televised hearing when Mueller went up to Capitol Hill.","So some are saying that almost was sort of an audition for this job because, in just a few days later, the president tweeted that Dan Coats was out and Ratcliffe was in. And then today the president has tweeted again saying, John Ratcliffe is being treated very unfairly by the lame-stream (ph) media. And rather than go through months of slander and libel, he's decided to stay in Congress.","What does this mean for the intelligence community?","Well, we'll find out. Dan Coats is still scheduled to leave the job on August 15. Now, by statute, the deputy, Sue Gordon, who's very highly respected - spent well over 30 years in the intelligence community; widely known, widely respected - she's supposed to take over on an interim basis, but it hasn't happened yet. And just within the past hour, Trump said that he might choose her on an interim basis but didn't commit to it."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Possibly more powerful or an offshoot of these, yes. Yeah, there's no doubt. This has been - Flame has, looks like, created probably around maybe 2007, 2008. So you know, we're talking five years ago, and Stuxnet was created a little bit after that. And then you've got Duqu that came out a year after Stuxnet. So these are just three of them, and yeah, there's no doubt that there are others.","And once again you say that for people who are concerned, if you update your Windows, Microsoft has a patch out now too, doesn't it, it should remove it from your PC?","Well, Microsoft's patch is different. Microsoft patches the vulnerabilities that the Flame used to spread on a machine or to get on a machine. But if you have antivirus updates, that's the thing that will prevent you from getting infected as well.","And is there any possibility that this was done by a bunch of hobbyists or people who wanted, you know, to just show that they wanted to get into systems?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["And so that - what you're doing now is you're experiencing the retro-nasal olfaction, which is the way that we smell through our mouth as the vapors from the food, the volatile aromas, go back up our sinus cavity and reach our nose through our mouth. That's called retro-nasal olfaction or what I refer to as mouth-smelling.","It's true. You know, we've all done this when we were kids in school, but unless you really do it as an adult and think about it and watch it, it's a whole different reaction. You really do notice the difference. It's - I also, I've also noticed that your sight, you know, what you expect food - years ago, I used to do this show called \"Newton's Apple\" on PBS, and one of the things that they - they handed me once an ice cream cone with vanilla ice cream in it.","And they said have a taste. And I tasted it, and I could not figure out what was on the cone. And it turned out it was a scoop of mashed potatoes.","Oh, wow. That's a good one."],"speaker":["A","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["That's even better than the Dwight Clark catch in the - with San Francisco 49ers.","Yeah. Yeah. Oh, yeah. Absolutely. I mean, you know, last year you had, you know, (unintelligible) catching, you had the miracle catch you know by a throw. . .","By David Tyree. But that was kind of a weird that was - the helmet catch, you're talking about.","The helmet catch (laughing). But this was just - I mean, it was perfect, Tony. It was perfect form, the toes and - had it been a millisecond higher, he wouldn't have been able to get anything down. I just think that from Roswell Berger's(ph) throw and hosing the ball, the extra tenth of a second, it - right now that's the most perfect ending play in Super Bowl history."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,0]}
{"text":["And I don't know if they ever made the spreadsheet. But the two of them really decided early on that they were committed to this. He also happened to be Swedish, which she said helped. But, you know, really kind of staying on top of it seemed to be the most important thing for couples.","And so what do you think the takeaway is?What needs to happen?","I think the takeaway is more awareness. One of the problems is that we have this idea of the modern involved father. We all know that things have improved a lot since the 1950s. And it's really easy to focus on that rather than to know - and I think most people don't know because they don't look at statistics - that fathers' participation leveled off at 35% around the year 2000. So we go into parenting expecting something like parity. But it doesn't manifest. So our expectations are really not being met. And that leads to a lot of anger.","That was Darcy Lockman, author of \"All The Rage: Mothers, Fathers And The Myth Of Equal Partnership. \""],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well, I'm going to try to make this as succinct as possible. But it's a complicated game of musical chairs. Next in line to take over the governor's job would be the local secretary of state. But that position has been vacant for the past two weeks because the former secretary of state resigned his position because he was involved in the original leaked chat that led to the governor's resignation.","Oh, the same scandal got the next - the second in line before it got the first guy. OK, go on.","Right. And then it would be Wanda Vazquez's turn. But as we've seen, she's a controversial figure, and she has already expressed her desire that she doesn't want the job. After that, it would be the Treasury secretary's turn. But he's been in his post for less than a month after Governor Rossello fired his predecessor for publicly denouncing corruption schemes within the Puerto Rican Treasury without first consulting with the governor's office. So the problem with the current Treasury secretary is that he's 31 years old and doesn't meet the minimum age requirement to be governor. . .","Wow."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,0]}
{"text":["What would be a - and forgive the pun - what would be the holy grail for an Indiana Jones like you?What would be the ultimate?","Well, that would be to go right back to the beginning, you know, to do like a dino brew, you know, sort of a Garden of Eden type of beverage, I guess. And unfortunately in the Paleolithic period, the containers get destroyed. They were probably made out of leather, wood or whatever. So we don't have remnants of any containers from the Paleolithic period.","And that's important because once you have a container like pottery, made of pottery, the liquids get absorbed into that, and it helps to retain the ancient organic materials until the biomolecular archeologists like us comes along thousands of years later.","Do you have any bets of where the cradle of civilization for wine and beer originates?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Thank you. Thanks for having me.","Now, the books were released on inauguration day. I don't know if that was significant or not. Tell us if it was and what inspired these collections?","Well, these collections I have been thinking about for a long time. I've been talking about it with my agent for sometime about doing something like this. The big fear was that, no publisher would be that interested in it because they wouldn't think the collection could be sustained over a period of time doing it every year. But Bantam believed it and so Bantam, we ultimately made a deal with Bantam to do it. The date wasn't really significant. I mean, the date turned out to be significant but we had set the date a long time before and we were just hoping that Obama would win so the date would really have some significance but it was all an accident. It turned out well though.","Now, you're going to - we've had anthologies before obviously. But the new thing about this anthology is that you're going to try to publish it annually. How difficult do you think that is likely to be?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3,1,2]}
{"text":["Few years ago, I was fortunate enough to address a convention of political cartoonists in the United States. And they kept pointing out, you know, we used to have a lot of people here. Now we're down to just a few dozen.","I know. And I've been to those conventions. And I'm actually a member of the board of the Association of American Cartoonists (ph). And I've been always struck by their pessimism (ph). But I'm still very positive about the genre. In this world of short attention span, the power of images has never been so big. And it's also a time when the media need to renew themselves.","But we must stop being afraid of offended people because the whole controversy that was triggered a month ago by that cartoon, I think it should have encouraged a discussion, explaining why this cartoon was wrong, how it's run, what is cartooning, and there was no space for that. I think The New York Times had to deal with a huge storm triggered by social media. We need to be able to withstand this and to go back to putting things into perspective.","Patrick Chappatte, editorial cartoonist, thanks so much for being with us."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["For conservative groups that are courting Latinos, Trump's remarks are likely to make their work more difficult. Let's turn now to Daniel Garza. He is the president of The LIBRE Initiative, a free market advocacy group founded by the business and political titans Charles and David Koch, specifically to strengthen Republican support among Latinos. Garza also worked in the George W.  Bush administration. And he joins me now from Mission, Texas. Welcome to the program, sir.","Thank you, Lulu. It's a pleasure to be with you.","So I'd like to get your reaction to the president's comments first.","Well, I mean, I felt the president's remarks were counterproductive to trying to resolve, I think, the DACA negotiations. And, of course, I think it entirely inappropriate. Still, I suspect any political fallout will be mitigated by, I think, the booming economy that we're seeing, resulting in record low unemployment for U. S.  Latinos, 3 percent-plus GDP growth and increases in wages because of the tax reform. So, you know, it's - they were not appropriate.","So it seems like Latinos, at this point, might be a tough crowd, though, for Republicans. Immigration constantly polls as one of the main issues for them. And many view Republicans as being on the wrong side of this debate."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[4]}
{"text":[". . . They make you very proud.","What can you tell us about Paola Zambrano and Mark Gorman?","Both of these kids were awesome young people. Paola - Paola, you know, died when she was going to be a junior, so she finished two years of high school. And, you know, during her freshman year, she was diagnosed with colon cancer. And we knew it was a serious situation. And we, you know, quite frankly didn't think that she'd be - you know, continue down that road of going to high school because we knew it was terminal.","And, you know, to her credit, she decided she was going to keep coming every day, had great attendance, went through her chemos and her therapies and was a model student for her family and for herself. She was very - a very proud young lady. And she had hopes and dreams beyond high school that unfortunately she was never. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,3]}
{"text":["And some - I'm trying to blend. I'm trying to be a weevil.","I got you. You know, you talked about singing to your children. Do you suggest singing to pregnant mothers, too?(unintelligible)","Absolutely. Absolutely. They can hear - babies can hear from about six months gestation. This is the way language development begins. This is the way we teach. This is the way we connect, nurture, and love our young. And although we have many devices, many toys that bleep and beep and sing and all of that, it's really important to have that human element. So speaking to, reading to, singing to your very young child is extremely important.","Nnenna Freelon, you are a fantastic talent. We appreciate you coming on News & Notes. Thank you very much."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,0]}
{"text":["It's actually rotting their bones from the inside.","It's rotting. Yeah.","I suppose worth noting - the - these were young women at the time that they were employed working in factories. Not. . .","Teenagers, many of them. Yeah."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["And now a holiday tradition from the Lone Star state. It's Santa's cousin from the barrio, Pancho Clause. From San Antonio, we're joined now by Rudy Martinez. He is one of many guys through out Texas who takes on the role of Pancho Clause. Merry Christmas, Rudy.","Merry Christmas to you.","So explain for us who is Pancho Clause.","Pancho Clause is Santa's cousin from the South."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["One of the points that you make in the book is that there were always competitors to Boas' ideas. In fact, one of his sort of chief antagonists was a person named Grant. What's. . .","Madison Grant, yeah.","Madison Grant, who actually created some of the institutions which continue to survive today as anti-immigrant think tanks.","That's right. On the one hand, Madison Grant - you know, we owe the survival of the American bison to him. We owe so many of the great conservation institutions to him and conservation areas in the American West to him. But he at the same time believed deeply that what he was seeing in New York - he was from New York, living in New York - was the same thing he had experienced in traveling through the American West - that is, he understood what it was like when noble creatures could suddenly be brought down by invading species or their environment changing, and suddenly, the bison, the elk, the wolf were in danger."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Yeah. After the West Africa outbreak, there was this sense that, you know, we're in much better shape. We know more about it. We've got new treatment options. We've got a vaccine that's out there.","But in this one, it really has been this perfect storm. The area that this occurred in is incredibly poor, that had poor health care infrastructure beforehand. It's incredibly volatile; there's these militias that have basically been running that part of the Democratic Republic of Congo for decades. They're vying for control of minerals. And, you know, they have really undermined any governmental institutions that would be there.","And then all these health care workers show up to try to contain the Ebola treatment unit - that Ebola, you know, outbreak, and some of them were attacked, even killed. The World Health Organization yesterday was saying they've documented 198 attacks on Ebola clinics and workers over the last year. So obviously, that's an incredibly high number for attacks on a health response, you know, even in a declared war zone.","Well, I mean, yeah, it is a war zone, but why attack - specifically attack clinics that you know are treating a disease?"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3,0]}
{"text":["Absolutely. Mary was beyond offended. This was after her columns had been a sensation, after the Army-McCarthy hearings. And Mary had to deal with that kind of institutional sexism throughout her career, that she knew she would have to work harder and write better than the men to be a syndicated columnist. But she was also fairly comfortable with the hand she was dealt. She was not a trailblazing feminist in a traditional sense of the word. She figured if she was going to get paid less and have to work harder, she would make the men on the campaign trail damn well carry her bags.","Yeah, Mary's bearers, they were called, right?","Indeed. I don't think a more illustrious group of porters has ever been assembled, that you could find people carrying her typewriter and bag who invariably had won a Pulitzer. And as her cousin once joked, that if the reporters around weren't able to do it, she would make the candidates do so.","I wish I could think of a better opening. Tell me the Lyndon Baines Johnson story, if you could, please."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,1]}
{"text":["You're a breast cancer survivor. Your husband passed away. One of your other children was in a serious accident, and yet when you deal with the Imus ordeal, you say I've never felt so powerless in my life. Why did that touch you so much?","You know, Farai, one of the things that maybe people didn't know is that here I had a team of 10 players, and five of those young ladies were freshmen. Less than a year before that, they were sitting on bleachers at a high school graduation. Some of them that came to me had braces on their teeth. They had dreams and aspirations of becoming doctors and psychologists and musicians and all the like.","And here while they had done something that they should be commended for because throughout the year, the year had been a tremendous struggle. They had been pushed to the brink, and yet somehow they survived. And beyond surviving, here they were standing before a national audience and being honored as one of the top two teams in this nation.","And I was so proud of them because I could remember seeing some of them cry or think that they couldn't and then to see their faces on television or USA Today and, you know, this is what it's all about - for us as leaders and as parents and as people that care about our young people - to take them to places that they don't think that they can go, have them accomplish those things, and then with that level of security and confidence, they can take on the world."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,3]}
{"text":[". . . if you want to call it better than mud. And those soils actually have very little - they get - they amplify the ground motion, and they have very little resistance in terms of - when compared to bedrock. And the piling of the existing structure is about, you know, 30 meters deep. They're actually timber piles. They're 30 meters deep. And there are many, many, many of those. And that particular foundation is not made to resist the seismic motions that we're dealing with.","The other part of it is the fact that the existing eastern spans have - it's a truss structure. And by default, a truss structure has many connections, many members, unlike a suspension bridge. And thereby retrofitting those members to satisfy the new design codes would require a lot of work, overhead traffic and blocking lanes.","But if you look at your design of your new bridge, it's not - it's almost unlike anything we've seen before. . .","Well. . ."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["But Dr.  Landreth and his colleagues contend that's not the culprit. The culprit is the earlier forms of deposition, the so-called oligomeric stage that is really causing the damage, or the soluble stage of the processing. And the drug may be effective at that stage, and hence may be efficacious.","But this is all within the world of amyloid. There's a whole other research community out there that talks about other aspects of the Alzheimer's disease process. So while amyloid is likely to be a major player, it may not be the only culprit in the disease.","And so there may be other ways to treat it, too.","Absolutely. I mean, I think one - you may be familiar with the National Alzheimer's Project Act that was signed into law in 2011, and eventually resulted in the first United States national plan for Alzheimer's disease, released about a year ago in Washington. And part of that plan talks about exploring other targets for Alzheimer's disease."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["That's where he sees himself as a character through a hole in his room.","I imagined a hole in a wall at the Good Inn where Soldier Boy perceives light and sound coming through this tiny pinhole. Imagine a camera obscura. And as he begins to investigate, he sees not only his own doppelganger, but other people that he recognizes in essentially the same place that he is - an inn, a bedroom, a man, a woman.","The only difference is that there are other people there, people at a tripod, for example, and a camera. And so he is actually seeing the first porn film ever being made, but it's in a parallel universe, if you will. He's attracted to the situation or intrigued by it enough because he's seeing himself and through a little whole in the wall. It doesn't make sense.","Yeah."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,2]}
{"text":[". . . they did great animation in this. And I can't imagine having the patience to move these little dots around.","No. It's a. . .","It's coffee granules, I think.",". . . a great visualization. And I should say that we have another video that done in the same animation style. It's part of the series. It's an experiment people can do at home. So. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["I would love that, and we would absolutely love that.","And watch The Daily Show tonight. I'll be on it.","Oh, absolutely.","Great."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Captain, thanks for coming on the program.","You're welcome. Thank you for having me.","So as I understand, you began your transition in 2016. And I know a lot of this policy and whether it applies depends on where someone is in that process. Does this policy apply to you?","Well, so any policy that the DOD implements is going to apply to me as a member of the DOD. I think, specifically, I'll be part of the so-called grandfather clause here and be, quote-unquote, \"OK\" as we move forward. And so maybe not in the specific sense, but I think it applies in general that any time you put a policy in place that affects a specific group of people, i. e. transgender people in this case, it's going to affect me, whether directly or because of the implications and the intention behind it."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Right, I mean, this is going to be the very difficult point that they're going to have to get together with his younger brother and figure that out. I mean, this looks much more like it's going to be something about Islamic radicalization, as opposed to Chechen - sort of nationalism.","And I think when this first happened, we've never had Chechens do this in this country, so everybody assumes it has to do with that. What will be interesting is to see if he was radicalized on the Internet, if he was radicalized during trips to Russia - the older brother did travel to Russia reasonably often; the younger brother didn't - and how that evolution came about.","We will want to know if there were contacts there. The Russians - have they been helpful, in the past?Are they likely to be helpful, in this case?","It's unclear. I would suspect that they're likely to be helpful in this case because they've been making a case that Chechens are very dangerous, and that's why they do what they do in Chechnya. But it's. . .","Which is a very hard line of - some would say brutal repression."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3,4]}
{"text":["The British travel company Thomas Cook has collapsed. The company coordinates packaged tours, or rather they did coordinate packaged tours. They're going out of business immediately, leaving hundreds of thousands of travelers stranded overseas. The British government says getting a total of 150,000 British nationals home will require the biggest peacetime repatriation operation that Britain has ever conducted.","Daniel Thomas is the executive news editor of The Financial Times. He's covering this story from London. Welcome to the program.","Good morning.","How does a 178-year-old company close overnight?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["The tech companies cover a whole spectrum of businesses. And I think you'd have to go through the processes and procedures we have in place to look at, are they hurting competition, and are they negatively affecting the prices that consumers pay for their services and their goods.","Well, a lot of research has been done into it. What do you think?Do you think they are?","I think that Amazon, in certain ways, clearly is restraining the creation of businesses. And I think that's an important filter. That's my entrepreneurial filter. I mean, Amazon is able to see which of their vendors are most successful in selling their products. And then if Amazon decides to, they can go and acquire that specific company. That seems like an unfair competitive advantage to many people.","You said that red tape is preventing the creation of businesses. President Trump has famously made deregulation a big part of his pitch to the American people. Does President Trump have a point?Are we an overly regulated society?","When you get rid of all the regulations, as Donald Trump is suggesting, really, we become incredibly vulnerable to what appear to be small decisions, but they become bigger decisions. We need regulation. What I was saying is we don't need red tape, right?While I was governor, we went through 24,500 rules and regulations. And we looked for the red tape that really is not adding regulatory value."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["He apologized for the messages and essentially blamed the fact that he worked really long days and often used this group chat to - as he said, you know, relieve stress. That did not sit well with people, obviously. He ended up, like you said, having to ask most of his inner circle to step down. But that has not appeased anyone. The outcry and the demands for his resignation have only grown. Not only from his political opponents - also, essentially everyone within his own party here in Puerto Rico has abandoned him. And now there is talk within the legislature of beginning the process of removing him from office if he doesn't step down on his own.","And has he said that he is considering it?Or what is he saying about that possibility?","No, he's basically dug his feet in and has said he is not going to resign. He said he was, you know, elected governor by the people of Puerto Rico, feels like he has a lot of work to do and intends to continue doing it. A big question is obviously how because he has lost the confidence of everyone within his government, and no one really sees him having the capital needed to govern.","That is NPR's Adrian Florido joining us from San Juan."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,0,2]}
{"text":["But they just talk. They don't really do anything, and they make appeals, and people are fed up with it, so people don't really pay much attention to the Arab League meetings anymore, even if they meet at the summit level. But it's a sign that the leaders are aware that their people are angry and concerned.","And the fact is that Hamas, like Hezbollah in Lebanon, is an Islamist group that is actively fighting back against Israel, and they're the only people who seem to do this, and popular opinion in the Arab world is very much with them. Not everybody is with them. Some people criticize them, but most people line up, support Hamas in terms of just fighting back against Israel, protecting Palestinians. So there is great tension within the Arab world itself over the situation.","The Arab League is meeting today in Cairo. Do you think it will be as you say, all talk?Or will any action come out of that meeting?","Well, there probably will be some symbolic action. They'll probably send a delegation to the UN Security Council. They'll do something like that. They will ask for possibly a meeting of the Arab summit at the head of state level. But again, it will be more talk, more talk than action, more rhetoric. The facts on the ground won't change very much because of what the Arab leaders are doing, unfortunately.","There is a bit of a perception that Iran's influence is growing in that region. How do you think Arab leaders are responding to that?"],"speaker":["A","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["That's exactly the concern that advertisers have about this, they use these small data tracking files called, cookies. And by watching where you go on the web they can build a customer profile and decide what kinds of ads to show. Well, the internet advertising bureau which represents a lot of these companies, and web publishers says if this feature becomes widely adopted a lot of sites and especially smaller ones that rely almost entirely on their ad revenue - they won't be able to survive. On the other hand, some analysts are taking note that Microsoft's own future could hinge on web advertising, and this could affect its own business in much the same way.","Other browsers have offered something like this?","That's true, the Firefox browser and Apple Safari browser do offer similar features.","Bob Moon of Public Radio's Daily Business Show, Marketplace - thank you."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["No (laughter).","It tastes like the best parts of the sotol have just been elevated.","All right. I can get into that.","I don't know. I'm just making stuff up. It's really yum."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["This is WEEKEND EDITION from NPR News. I'm Scott Simon.","Tornadoes hit Oklahoma City last night. Five people are reported to have died, including a mother and her child. Nearly 90 people are being treated for injuries. The twister touched down in Oklahoma City and in nearby Moore and triggered flash floods and power outages. And, of course, we remember that Oklahomans are still recovering from tornadoes that hit a few weeks ago. Kurt Gwartney is the news director at our member station KGOU in Oklahoma City. He joins us now. Kurt, thanks so much for making time for us on a very busy morning.","You're welcome.","What's the latest news you can give us?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["It was. So Apple's lawyers were incredibly practiced and very eloquent. They told a very compelling story for their case, and they told it in terms that were very easy for the jurors to understand. They had lots of well-done slides and pictures illustrating their points, and when they finished speaking, you were convinced that they were in the right.","Samsung, on the other hand, they were - they came across as being defensive a lot of the time and kind of brash sometimes. And their case was also a lot more complicated and involved much more technical terms, and so I think that might have been much harder for jurors to understand.","And so what - what exactly did the jury find?They sort of had a mixed bag of things.","Right, so they found patent infringement for a whole host of Apple's intellectual property in the case. They found 28 cases of infringement for some of the smartphones involved. They upheld Apple's patents on iPhone and iPad design, and now Apple is seeking injunction against eight of those 28 smartphones that were found to be violating Apple's intellectual property."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Sure. Sure.",". . . And two child actors were killed in a horrific helicopter crash. . . . . . And two child actors were killed in a horrific helicopter crash. . .","This is the \"Twilight Zone\" movie. This is the \"Twilight Zone\" movie.","The \"Twilight Zone\" movie, right, in northern Los Angeles County. The \"Twilight Zone\" movie, right, in northern Los Angeles County. And despite the fact that violations - Landis and the other defendants were acquitted. And despite the fact that violations - Landis and the other defendants were acquitted. No one has actually ever pled guilty to involuntary manslaughter when it comes to a film production. No one has actually ever pled guilty to involuntary manslaughter when it comes to a film production. So from that standpoint, this was an historic development. So from that standpoint, this was an historic development."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, most of them are against the government, so many of them see even public health workers as the enemy since they work for the government. And every time there are clashes with the police or with government soldiers, you know, health workers have to wait a day or two or even more for them to get into these villages or territories to treat the people.","Yeah. You know, what struck me when I was reading your article was that the health officials actually think that this outbreak is made much worse because of these militias. It's almost like they've created the problem.","Absolutely. Because every, you know, day or hour of delay, there is the possibility that the virus will spread to someone else and then spreads to the entire village. And that could, you know, spread very dramatically.","So tell us a little bit more. You know, there are also experimental treatments. What kind of progress has been made there?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["It's been busy, definitely your traditional day after Thanksgiving where the phone starts ringing earlier in the day, and it just keeps on ringing. We're going to have a lot of people. They're going to have a lot of company over from yesterday and a lot of the people trying to be helpful in the kitchen, and they're going to put those potato peels down the drain and carrot peels and all the stuff that normally wouldn't go down the kitchen sink drain.","Kevin, I've been one of those people before, a few years back. I actually had a busted kitchen sink on Thanksgiving Day, and I couldn't find anyone open that day. By the next day, I was in a panic. Do you get the panicked calls the day after?","Oh, yeah. Yeah, definitely. You know, people, they're going to find out that a lot of the plumbers have not opened and that maybe their regular plumber that they call always is not going to answer their phone or say that they'll get right back to them. They get a voice machine or something.","Because you can capitalize on people's need the day after Thanksgiving, do you charge any more today?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["The death toll in Sudan has risen sharply. A doctors group there now says more than 30 people were killed and hundreds wounded when the military fired on a sit-in outside the defense ministry. Pro-democracy protesters want a new government in Sudan. They have been negotiating with the military. In a televised statement, the military said now all agreements are off, and elections will happen within nine months.","Joining us now is Nima Elbagir. She is senior international correspondent with CNN. She was in Sudan not long ago, and she joins us now from London. Thanks so much for being with us this morning.","Good morning, Rachel.","Nima, I understand you're in touch with people in Khartoum. What are you hearing now that this violence has happened?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["And he was saying how we, you know, you here have been so fortunate. You've got to help. We need you. And then he pauses, and he says, for example, there's a young man sitting in this church today, my friends in New York, whom I respect. They tell me that this young man, his brain has been touched by God. But this young man told me something about himself, and I had the chance to meet him. His father was a chauffer and a gardener. His mother was a maid and a cook. And I said, oh, lord. I started, like, trying to hide in my seat. But he started really telling the story that was classic of many professionals. If somebody went and work for them, either their parents or grandparents that made it possible for them to have an education.","And then, he paused again. He said, you know, but he has forgotten from where he came. And I thought for a moment \u2014 because a - like a video of my mother, particularly when my father came up, and I started to cry. I mean, these tears came down. So I said this service is over. I didn't say a word, I just walked over and talked with my hand and I said, Dr.  King, when do you want me to leave?","Mm-hmm. And then you went onto work on what is Reverend King's most famous or certainly most quoted speech, the \"I Have a Dream\" speech. Now, today you can hear that speech used in a lot of different contexts. It's, in some ways, become background music for Black History Month, you know?","Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["However.","Well, you know, it is a good analogy. It's like, you know, you keep the umbrella around. Once it stops raining, you don't get rid of the umbrella, you keep it in the closet. It's the same with your savings. Even when you're doing well, you still have to put something away for the time that it rains, because guess what, it's always going to rain.","So, what are you going to miss most, do you think, about being on the show and giving advice to the radio audience?","Well, obviously the staff, you know - and you know, I don't want to get so melancholy but I have to tell folks that I have never enjoyed working with a group of people more than I have here at NPR. Really smart, caring people who wanted to produce a segment like this to - you see, I'm getting ready to cry - to really help people. This is the one job, and I've got like 10, that I love getting up to go to. And I'm going to miss the listeners. NPR listeners are the most thoughtful, and I get a ton of email - even from those who disagree with me, it was always in a way that was very respectful. And that says a lot about the people who listen to this program."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well, I don't (laughter) know if it's going to be forever unique in that way. We have this evidence now of President Trump making calls along these lines. And you get a lot of - I got a lot of criticism. Sometimes for being too soft, sometimes for being too harsh. I'm banned from Russia by Vladimir Putin because we successfully prosecuted an international arms dealer named Viktor Bout. I was personally attacked by President Erdogan of Turkey because we prosecuted somebody that, you know, he had connections to in an indirect way.","I'm glad you mentioned Turkey's president. What happened in a different country, in a different system, when there was a prosecution of someone named Reza Zarrab, and it became a matter of political interest?","So Reza Zarrab was a gold trader, Iranian but also from Turkey, who was being prosecuted along with other folks in Turkey for various, you know, elements of misconduct. And those cases were made to go away because he was politically connected to two people who were close to Erdogan.","What did President Erdogan of Turkey do to make that case go away?","Well, he exercised his power in a country that doesn't have the same constitutional protections that America has. He relieved judges of their duty. He removed prosecutors from office. He shut down media outlets. And the case went away. Literally, the case was made to go away. Now, that is not something we've seen in this country and hopefully we'll never see in this country. And it's harder to accomplish in this country."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["They do. The students often say things like, but I just want to fit in. I want to look like everyone else. And the people next to me aren't reading braille, so why should I?","So answer the question. Why should they?I mean, if it's easier to get along without having to rely on braille, tell me why you think it's still important. I'm just wondering if you're having a hard time making the case to parents as well as the students.","It's really not a hard sell to parents because we show them the data. We give them evidence that suggests students, when learning braille, they're more likely to get employment and have greater academic gains as while later in life.","How did you learn braille, by the way?Do you mind if I ask?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Yes, yes, in fact three weeks ago, General Electric came here because they now realize that this is coming with a vehemence and changing - that all the lighting is going to be this. And of course they've got a lot of pride in this, and they could use it for their purposes.","So they came here and filmed one morning. I was pretty rough on them, in a sense, because I said I'm not going to do anything special for you guys. I believe in you, I've worked with you and all that, but just come in here with your stuff and film. And so it's in my drawer here.","It's going to be - you're not giving it to the Smithsonian or anybody like. . .","Hey, Ira, it's a tiny little crystal, and it's hard to believe that a tiny little crystal, you tickle it with a current, and wham, it'll blind you. In other words - I don't really don't know what ought to be done. You know, John Bardeen didn't give his first transistor box to the Smithsonian. It's here in a museum, and I don't know. That's an interesting question: Where should things like that go?"],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["DR.  MEENAKSHI WADHWA: Thanks, Ira.","Let's talk about your collection. How did you get a collection?","So, this is actually part of a great story too. There's a really famous collector, an Arizonan, Harvey Nininger, who had this wonderful collection. He is probably the person who I would say was responsible for bringing up the science of meteorites to the United States. And he had this great passion for meteorites. Actually, in the natural world in general but a great passion for collecting these space rocks. And he did this in the 1930s and '40s, and he had this wonderful collection, probably the best in the world.","And towards the late 1950s, he actually sold - he was basically deciding what to do with it and wanted it to have a life beyond his at some point and he sold half of it to the British Museum.","Wow."],"speaker":["B","B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["They're placing a lot of their hopes on the Chevy Volt, the electric car that's due out at the end of 2010. What do you think about that, and do you think that that's enough to help the company?","In reading through the General Motors restructuring plan, they talk about it as if it's the next Ford Model T.  I think the language that they use is a fundamental reinvention of the American automobile industry. And, you know, I hope it is, but you have to be skeptical about anything coming out that will fundamentally reinvent the industry, at least at this stage. It's too mature an industry right now.","Is there anything that GM can say when they go before Congress tomorrow and Friday?Is there anything that they should do, do you think, that could save it?","Their objective in going to Congress is not to save the industry. Their objective in going to Congress is to get money from Congress. And if you read through these documents, they are - especially the General Motors document, it is full of really shameless Americanizing, patriotic propaganda. It's geared to getting the money, and that's their objective. And I believe they will come away from Washington with money."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3,3]}
{"text":["And a lot of people might ask, how are you measuring innovation and creativity?","Well, most people measure innovation typically by looking at rates of patenting. Now people have become to track the number of start-up companies emerging in urban centers or the venture capital. And the good news is that cities are upping the ante. New York now, Manhattan is the second highest center for venture capital-backed start-up companies behind only Silicon Valley. But the other caution I wanted to make, and I think you know and folks listening know I'm a dyed-in-the-wool urbanist, that also places like Silicon Valley, which are somewhat car-dependent, can work. They can emulate many of the functions of the city.","So as we begin to build denser cities, the key is not just piling up people in buildings higher and higher and higher and creating vertical suburbs where people just interact in the building, it's to build cities that can be dense, that can have multi-story buildings, that can be close together. But having that interaction is a key part of keeping our cities innovation and creative not only here but in those emerging economies around the world.","Is there a difference in expense as well?Some of those older buildings in New York, hardly any place in Manhattan that anyone would describe as cheap, but they're less expensive in SoHo or Chelsea than they are in one of those big high-rise buildings in Midtown."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["Yeah. I mean, maybe you should - give it a shot. And then let me try it after.","That is so good.","Converted her. Fan of grapefruit.","You know why?'Cause it doesn't taste like grapefruit.","Right. Is it good?Is it to boozy?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[4]}
{"text":["Colin Powell - not one black candidate on the ticket, but two. That would be remarkable.","Well, let's also remember Colin Powell is a Republican. He would establish a kind of bipartisan bridge. And if you want to say, yes, it's a ticket of two African-Americans, which it would be, it is already a ticket of one African-American. So people who have perhaps a problem with that might not necessarily have that much more of a problem with two.","And I think that the advantage that it would have would be to say, we're kind of, in a sense, taking race off the table here. We're not talking about electing the first black president. We're asking you to vote for Barack Obama and Colin Powell and look at those two individuals.","It's a really interesting suggestion, I would imagine that a number of Democrats would say, wait a minute, he was on the wrong side on Iraq. Plus, we've got our own guys. We want a Democrat, a real Democrat. Who's out there?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,1,2]}
{"text":["The Staples Singers, Booker T and the MGs, Isaac Hayes and more - but the Stax tale isn't just one of another record company that became an international sensation. It's a story of tragedy - business and personal. But most importantly, it's a tale that features racial harmony in a city with a troubled racial history. In the late '50s and early '60s, Memphis, Tennessee was a city divided.","It was a city that you might say had hate pulsing through its veins.","That's author Robert Gordon. He lives in Memphis. His new book is \"Respect Yourself: Stax Records and the Soul Explosion. \"But Stax didn't start as an explosion of soul. The owners of Stax Records, Jim Stewart and Estelle Axton, set out to do something very different.","They were two white siblings. Jim was a white country fiddle player. You just wouldn't believe how far black music was from their minds at the time."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,3]}
{"text":["Well, here's my question for you as a photographer. When you have a person who is as photographed as Barack Obama has been and for God's sake is going to be for the next four years, how do you find a shot that separates you from the rest of the crowd of photographers when he is your subject and target?","Well, certainly, that is an exceedingly difficult thing to do. But you try and capture, you know, the moment because he is a man that connects with the crowd and with the message that he has. So you're looking for that little twinkle in his eye or that little different look that he may have.","But frankly, Tony, a lot of my work was gauging the crowd as they were entranced with the day, and it was such a wonderful group - such a wonderful experience for ua all to be there. And I tried to capture some of this on film because there were black people, there were white people, there were Asian people, there were brown people there. And I have never been in a mob like today, just in terms of the density of the crowd. But everyone was so cool. And when they announced that - when they introduced the then-president-elect and he came - I mean, it was a roar, and you try and capture some of that on film.","Now, I have about 20 seconds for you to answer this. When he actually put his hand on the Bible and said - and accepted the oath, were your cameras trained on the crowd at that moment and did you get a shot?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["At dusk tonight - the Belmont stakes, and an engaging chestnut named California Chrome has a chance to be the first horse to win the Triple Crown - a sweep of all three of the major thoroughbred races since 1978. We're honored now to be joined by Laura Hillenbrand. She's a horse rider by trade, of course she's author of the perpetual best-selling \"Seabiscuit. \"Laura, thanks so much for being with us.","I'm so happy to be here Scott.","What is there about the Belmont stakes that frustrates so many great four-legged athletes who've already won two big races?","They call it the test of their champion for a reason. It is a tricky race. It's run around the biggest track in the country so strategy is different. You have to move a different place. It's a race that requires a lot of the jockey.","The thing that makes it the hardest in terms of sweeping the whole Triple Crown is the horse that gets there with a chance to win it as California Chrome has. They've already competed in the Derby and the Preakness, which are two incredibly difficult races. And now, in the span of five weeks, they have to try the third one. And it's the hardest one of all, the longest one of all. It's really asking a huge amount of them. And that's why, in my whole racing fan life, I have never seen a horse sweep the Triple Crown. I've seen 12 horses go to the Belmont with a chance to win it, and all of them have failed.","California Chrome is called the people's horse, kind of like Seabiscuit."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3,0,2,4]}
{"text":["(Laughter).","I was going to go as Robert Siegel, so that'll be perfect.","Esquire magazine's editor at large A. J. Jacobs. Happy Halloween, A. J.","Thank you. Happy Halloween, Scott."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,2]}
{"text":["Yeah, they hired an engineer from Southern California, a guy named John Minasian. And Minasian was an expert in towers, and he built rocket gantries for Cape Canaveral for the Saturn rockets. He also built missile testing gantries for the Air Force at Edwards Air Force Base and broadcast towers. And he contributed pretty significantly to the Needle design in terms of - for one thing, being from Southern California, he'd studied with Richter at Caltech. He said you're going to - we're going to put in a foundation that will stand the test of time.","Mm-hmm. And it has been and, you know, you're in a very tectonic part of the world. There are a lot of earthquakes that happen here. I imagine that was taken into account in the design.","Yeah. They did wind tunnel test at the University of Washington, and they basically doubled the load so that it was twice the required code at the time. I talked to an engineer who worked on the project says it could - it'll stay standing with a nine point, you know, quake.","Wow. Well, and was it designed with the Cold War in mind?We were right in the middle of the coldest past of the Cold War at that time."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, they all have different - they work differently, you know, in terms of the receptors they hit, in terms of how they're metabolized in our body and how they interact with our body's tissue. So each one is a very different animal in trying to attack.","Is this something that a drug company would be interested in developing, if you found some research or did some of the basic research?","I really wish it would, but I think a lot of big drug companies don't feel that drug addicts are a great investment. So they've kind of shied away from looking at therapies for addiction. I wish they would get more involved, that's for sure.","Well, what about something for an overdose?You don't have to be a drug addict to have an overdose."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["In the fall of 2017, Bowe Bergdahl was dishonorably discharged from the U. S.  Army for deserting his post in Afghanistan years earlier. His rank was reduced. He had to pay a fine, but he did avoid prison time. And on the day Bergdahl was sentenced, President Trump tweeted that his sentence was a, quote, \"complete and total disgrace. \"This wasn't the first time Trump had weighed in on the case. On the campaign trail, he had called Bergdahl a dirty, rotten traitor and said he should be executed for deserting.","Now, this week, a panel of military judges ruled that Trump's comments were evidence of what's called unlawful command influence. That's when someone higher up on the chain of command tries to influence the outcome of a military trial. Here to further explain unlawful command influence is Stephen Vladeck. He teaches military justice at the University of Texas School of Law. Welcome.","Thanks for having me.","So I should first mention that while these military judges did find evidence of unlawful command influence, they still declined to change Bergdahl's sentence in any way. Bergdahl still lost his appeal. That said, what were the specific comments from Trump that these judges took issue with?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["It's going to be tough to do that tonight if there's a clear trend early, and there's a reason why, it's the Internet. Everyone's going to be look at the Internet. The Internet's going to be full of all kinds of numbers, exit polls, there are going to be all sorts of people predicting one way or another.","And the cable operators, the cable television news operations, CNN, Fox, MSNBC are going to in a tremendous competition to see which one of them can call it first, and that's going to pull the broadcasters over. So I don't think people in California can expect that the East Coast will not be talking about a winner, if there is a clear winner, before the polls close in California. Now, that isn't necessarily a good thing, I'm not trying to put a. . .","Right.","Put a happy face on it, it does make people in California feel angry to hear the race declared over hours before the polls close in that state. But because it's going to be on the Internet just about every where, and I suspect we'll start seeing it on cable television, it's going to be hard for the networks to resist the temptation to do the same."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Who happens to be black.","You know.","And happens to be benched right now.","Happens to be benched. What do you make of this?I think Vince's issues I think are quite different from Tarvaris. I think there was a lot of pressure on Vince from the time he came out of Texas to kind of be the black Johnny Unitas, and he's going to - they'll both have an opportunity to sit and watch, and hopefully come back with a vengeance.","One really quick other black quarterback not in the league at the moment, in Atlanta, Michael Vick. Is Matt Ryan, the replacement, making Atlanta Falcon fans forget Michael Vick?"],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Oh, by all means. I mean, the family in particular has been just, I mean, courageous. I've been at this 50 years now, and sometimes families withdraw, and we understand that. But this family has been a model of participation in all of the rallies, the demonstrations that we've had, and some of the members will be arrested. Therefore, they have sent a message across the city, indeed across the nation, rallying young people because Sean was about 22, 23, rallying young people to this cause.","Now, you and Reverend Sharpton's National Action Network were involved in protests around the shooting death of Amadou Diallo. Civil disobedience played a big role in those protests. What do you think those protests taught you, or what did you learn from them?","Well, you know, we've been doing this across the years. There's nothing new about a civil disobedience. But having 1,200 people arrested in a daily civil disobedience venture is phenomenal. It made an impact upon the police department itself and upon the politics in New York. Giuliani was the mayor at that time.","We hope that we will have a residential law. That is to say that policemen should live where they work. So that would mean you kill where you live. And I suspect that if you're going to kill where you live, you'll be more inclined not to kill, and we hope that there would be an independent civilian complaint review board that would review the behavior of the police."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,3]}
{"text":["So what is the argument that tech companies make about the feasibility of designing technology that would satisfy everyone's concerns?","We're not all on the same page here. So most of us in the technology community are opposed to what we call backdoors that would allow law enforcement to tap in. And the reason is is if you put a backdoor in, hackers can presumably get a hold of that backdoor as well and break it open. So you make systems less secure for everyone if you do that.","At a Senate hearing this month, FBI Director James Comey says he thinks that experts in this field aren't really trying hard enough to give the government access without also putting confidential data at risk. That is, I took it to mean that he's - thinks that if you try hard enough, you can think of something that is not a backdoor, that's different so that not everybody could get into it.","You know, yes, you can always argue that a backdoor can be built that's more secure, you know, and more difficult to get to and only law enforcement's going to get there. But nobody in the field of security believes that's ultimately going to provide this same protection that a tight end-to-end solution has without a backdoor. So I don't think it's a lack of will. I think it's an issue of what people view as constitutional rights under the Fourth Amendment, number one, and what customers and business partners expect around the world from secure computing systems. And it's a difference of view."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["I want to ask you about an episode in which math, science figures into the plot even if you don't realize it at first. And this is \"Springfield or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Legalized Gambling,\" where Homer gets endowed with Henry Kissinger's brain.","Of course, that comes about because - I don't know how to explain this - Henry Kissinger uses the loo, and his thick glasses fall into the loo. And Homer puts them on, and he's endowed with this perception.","Well, the thing about that is that it sounds like Pythagoras' theorem. So he gets it all wrong. It sounds right, but it's wrong. And he's actually quoting the scarecrow from \"The Wizard of Oz\" - because when the scarecrow gets his diploma, he reels off exactly the same equation. It sounds impressive, but it's actually all wrong.","And you say in the book that your judgment is, it was calculatedly wrong because of the way Ray Bolger must have had to rehearse to be able to make that recitation."],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["Like, do they even know really how to describe it?","It's been heart-wrenching. You know, I'm a parent. I have a have an almost 3-year-old, and I, you know, had to try to interview some kids about that age over the last week and even kids a little bit older. One in particular who sticks out of my mind was a 7-year-old who, you know, I asked one question - who'd you come to the U. S.  with?She said, my aunt, and then she just broke down in tears and couldn't really say anything else.","The government is basically making the argument that they want to make sure that they connect kids with their proper legal guardians. I mean, is that in conflict with trying to protect them?","It is absolutely the government's responsibility above all to reunify kids with parents where that's appropriate and where that's in their best interest. What really worried me about speaking with kids on the border who had been held for, as I said, weeks in the Clint detention facility was that there has no evidence that anyone was making any efforts to reunify these kids with parents. I personally started tracking down parents where I could to connect them with their children. And in every case, they had had no idea where their child was, and no one had contacted them."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Hmm. Was this a candidate for the - one of your Ig Nobel Prizes?","Everything's a candidate for the Ig Nobel Prize. This one has not won. But the disturbing thing here is what it says that - is that there's a lot of science out there done over generations that assumes that damage to bones had to come from teeth or from knives beforehand. Now we know a lot of damage to bones happens from the chemicals inside the body. So there's a lot science out there that people believe in that may not be quite so correct.","And is that one of the reasons why you put a lot of these stories together in your book, to talk about what science is out there that people may not be aware of?","Yeah, yeah. And I'd like to say that this particular story, by the way, I'm kind of happy with the headline I came up with for that. I called it \"The Tasting of the Shrew. \""],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["They have. About 40-plus have gone, probably as we talk, a number of them have left.","He's not considered a good candidate to lead the party to victory in a general election, I gather.","No, no, he's not. The leadership's come to him very late in life. He's a poor communicator. And that makes it very difficult to win over votes. He excites a section of Britain young people who will turn out in their thousands for his rallies and his meet and. . .","They feel the Bern.","They feel the Bern. The comparisons, again, you can see parallels between what is happening in Britain with what is happening in America. And they're not false. They're not invented.","Kevin Maguire of the Daily Mirror who joined us on Skype, thanks very much for being with us."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3,5]}
{"text":["So, what I think is, at least, a part of the solution is, when we do something, to take a small group and to stay with them. I stayed with a group of girls for a year at a time for over a decade, and I did see two or three people who called me a couple of years later, Judge, I just want to tell you how well I am doing.","It's not a great answer. It's not the answer everybody wants to hear because it's not a panacea, and it's work intensive while the success rate is low, but I think it's what has to be done.","Judge, always great to talk to you.","Always.","That was News & Notes contributor, Judge Lynn Toler. She's a former municipal court judge and now hosts the syndicated television show, \"Divorce Court. \"She joined us from the studios of KJZZ in Temple, Arizona."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["I agree. I was shocked - really shocked - when I found them. And then many things happened to me with Chopin through my life.","Such as?","Well (laughter), you're not going to believe this if you don't believe in the unknown normal. But I had a death mask of Chopin given to me. Some friends came over, and they said, what's that?I said, it's death mask of Chopin. That's what they used to do in those days. When someone died, they'd get someone to put wax on his face and make this death mask as a memorial. I took it off - down. I said, please be careful with it because it's, you know, very unique. There are only two or three in the world. My wife was there. My son was there - he was about 17 - and these two friends. And, suddenly, a fluid started coming out of one of the eyes. And I put my hand into this fluid, and it was salty. So I guess there was no question in my mind these were tears. What I felt was that Chopin was happy that he could communicate somehow with the current world.","You know, I learned one thing. People who are negative about these kinds of unknown normal things - they will never change. They'll always find another way that it could've happened or try to find another way that it could've happened. But I just give up try to convince them because they won't ever be convinced. The ones who are skeptics - once they hear about it, they say, oh, actually, it's real."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,3]}
{"text":["Exactly.","They look like USB drives that you could sneak into a classroom.","And put in a backpack - and, frankly, most parents aren't going to have the first clue what it is. And what the picture is underneath it, the caption says, Mom, it's a USB drive. That is expressly targeted to students. And I want to shut that practice down in my state.","Is there any difference between the suit that you put forward this week against these eight companies and the suit you filed in the spring against Juul?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["The State Department has said that the ambassador concluded her three-year diplomatic assignment in Kyiv as planned, that there was no kind of retribution or she was not yanked back unceremoniously. Why are there doubts on that in the diplomatic community?","My understanding is that Ambassador Yovanovitch had been expected to stay on in her position through the end of the summer. And then suddenly in May, there was a torrent of criticism, including a tweet by the president's son, Don Jr. , calling her a joker and calling for her dismissal and a bunch of Fox News segments criticizing her. And then, lo and behold, she was called back, and the explanation was put out that this was as planned. But it was completely inconsistent with everything else we understood about her term and expected tenure in Ukraine. And the notion that this was done to coincide with a transition of power in Ukraine is very far from standard practice. That doesn't make any sense.","I can see your eyebrows raised from here about this whole story. And I guess what is the lesson that you think other State Department workers are taking from this?Is it the idea that you're vulnerable to attack from the president?Is it becoming a target of right-wing sites?Like, what is the thing that you think will have a chilling effect?","The core problem here, which Congress is appropriately focusing on in the impeachment hearings, are primarily about, is the president abusing his power and what looks like withholding military assistance to a vulnerable partner country in order to advance his political aims?So that's No. 1, and that's front and center."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Yes, of course. Even other aspects which are today very interesting, for example, pollution or noise reduction, so this was also the interest of Ferdinand Porsche to create an electric car, because there was no admission, there was no noise. Ja.","So why didn't it go into production widespread?","It went into production a few years later. In the year 1900, he further developed the idea of an electrical car with a hybrid system. So in addition to the electrical power supply, he placed two combustion engines in another car, and a few cars were sold as the first hybrid cars in the world in the year 1902.","So why did the combustion engine become predominant in the industry, do you think?","The problem was the weight of the cars. This battery pack weighs around 500 kilograms, so this was almost half the weight of the whole car. And the combustion engines, they were much smaller then. So I think it turned from the electrical engines into the combustion engines. And then they made their way to the successful, still successful, power supplies for the cars of the future."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["So they're easy to identify, too.","I wish they were even easier. . .","But at least we can, and that's I think going to be really good. And that leads to this, you know, kind of futuristic way where you could put a little nanochip in the blood for people who are at risk of heart attacks, and then it could constantly have the blood under surveillance of these cells and then send a signal to one's cell phone, a heart attack app, which you would get the alert that, you know, something's brewing over the next several days.","Yeah, maybe a Facebook update, too."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Thanks. Glad to be with you.","So what we've been hearing a lot about is basically just a failure of these negotiations to move forward. Before we get to the nuts and bolts of it, from an economic level, how are people in Detroit dealing with what appears to be a reluctance on the part of the federal government to really enter into a bailout?","Well, I think there are really two key emotions that are at play in Detroit right now. One is fear. People are very scared because the auto industry is so important to metro Detroit, thousands and thousands and thousands of jobs. If one or more of the automakers were to go under, the ripple effect here would be catastrophic because the plant is affected and then the suppliers are affected and the restaurants are affected and the shopping malls are affected. So there'd be such a horrible cascading effect.","So fear is number one, and I think number two is anger. People see how roughly the automakers were treated, and people feel that they were being treated as autoworkers, roughly as well, when at the same time you see, you know, on a Sunday night Citibank gets $20 billion without a second thought. So people here are very angry about the different treatments Wall Street and the automakers have received."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["And it changed your behavior with your friends and family, right?","Oh, absolutely. I became alienated from most of my friends and everything because I wasn't there for them or with them. They had out to social events and things, my social event was to get to the casino as quickly as I could in order to gain money.","And what did it do to your marriage?","Well, I got a divorce. I ended up in divorce. I ended up with my wife getting everything plus the kids. And basically, I was out in the streets trying to survive."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["The happiness course has been running for a couple of weeks. Any immediate reaction?","Teachers are telling me that they themselves are finding lot of calmness, lot of improvement in their behavior because they also sit into mindfulness with their students. So that's bringing a change in the teacher's approach also.","You've been sitting in on a lot of these classes. Are you happier?","Yeah, I'm feeling happier because if my kids are happier, my teachers are happier, then an education minister himself is happier."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["That was a time that postwar era in India when you had a tremendous amount of aspiration for development in the air. Nehru was the first Prime Minister of independent India. And there was a sense in the air of the chance for a collective progress that many, many different kinds of people who came from different backgrounds could actually participate in, could share in. And I think the momentum of that time also swept my own grandparents up. Their condition was precarious.","The jacket that my grandfather was wearing was borrowed. The jewelry that my grandmother is wearing was costume jewelry. I think the prosperity that you see in that image is less about the wealth that they have in hand at that moment and more about that future horizon that they might feel is already coming within their reach.","What do you think your grandfather's story might tell us about today's India?","What I think is so interesting about looking at the life of someone like my grandfather over the course of nearly a century is that you see that there is a kind of ongoing momentum of change that exists throughout his life and that takes him and those alongside him in many different directions. That these patterns of change that we see now in India have been with us for some time and have had a lot to do with the kinds of aspirations that people like my grandparents as well as my own parents grew up with."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["And it's not just the president who's criticizing him. He's facing a lot of pressure from Republicans on the Hill, as well. Is that right?","That's very much so. McCabe was dragged up to Capitol Hill twice last week. He spent around eight hours testifying behind closed doors for the House Intelligence Committee. That was about Russia. And he spent a little more than eight hours with the House Oversight and House Judiciary Committees a few days later talking about the Clinton matter.","Now, there's one thing in particular that Republicans want to talk to McCabe about, and that's a senior FBI agent by the name of Peter Strzok, who's been in the news a lot. He worked on both the Mueller probe and the Clinton investigation, and he sent highly charged, politically charged text messages about Trump. Now, Strzok was removed from the Russia investigation, but those text messages have given Republicans a lot of ammunition for their allegations of political bias.","With about 30 seconds left, what sort of effect does all of this criticism from the president, from Republicans on the Hill have on the FBI?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":[". . . they don't mean. . .","Herring, (unintelligible).","Well, they don't mean exactly what you may think by that. Herrings have a whole separate system connected to the swim bladder where they're pushing air around and sometimes letting it loose. And this is how they rise and fall in the water. And so it's by letting the air loose that they apparently also communicate. And at the Ig Nobel ceremony, one of the teams, who's from the Sweden, told us how they got involved with this, and this turned out to be the best part of the story.","So there's these two Swedish marine biologists, and they study fish, porpoises, whatnot. And about 15 or 20 years ago, the Swedish prime minister, Carl Bildt, was sort of on the warpath, repeatedly for years, telling the Swedish public that they were being invaded by submarines from their big neighbor, from Russia. And he kept saying this and there wasn't really any proof. There was an incident, years before, that was a sort of an oddball thing, but he kept saying there are submarines, and he kept saying they're even coming into Stockholm harbor, into our capital. He had the navy, the Swedish navy, put microphones in the water in Stockholm harbor. And they came up with a recording with sounds like rapids, metallic tapping, and so they thought and the prime minister thought, OK, we've got proof. Prime minister's planning to get up in public and announce that the Russians are basically attacking us."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Conceivably they can, if there is an issue or something that's hanging fire that is of tremendous interest to the voters. I don't think Troopergate up in Alaska has ever really captured the voters' imagination. There are some people who have been following it closely, there was one determination by the legislative committee that was looking at it, now we have a somewhat different one from the executive committee. I don't think the election has been about Troopergate.","As for the death of Senator Obama's grandmother, certainly that is a tragic timing of this event, if in fact Barack Obama were to be elected president tonight, for his grandmother to have died just one day shy of having witnessed this, would be sad indeed. But whether that is going to change people's votes again, I think is unlikely.","Well Ron, we look forward to talking to you as the result unfold and we continue our coverage.","Indeed we will."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Thank you. My mistake.",". . . Just 10 days apart.","We included France, which is nice. I apologize.","No, I'm glad to include them. Is it possible Italy will leave the eurozone, or is that just talk?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Right. And the car companies wanted a bigger tax credit for consumers to buy their cars, and they didn't get that.","And I think one of the controversies over that is, who do you give it to and what do you give it for?Because you have to remember that GM, Ford and Chrysler build a substantial number of cars in Mexico and Canada. You also have carmakers like Toyota, Honda and Mercedes building cars in the United States. So, would it be American-built or built by an America-based company?And that is part of the reason why we're not seeing that.","So, GM and Chrysler will be unveiling their plans on Tuesday. What if they don't pass muster?What if Treasury doesn't like them?","First of all, the plans that they unveil on Tuesday, they will then have to go back and then finalize the terms by March 31st. There's an expectation by some people in the auto industry that they will go to the Treasury Department, say, your terms are too strict for us. Look at the economy, we can't possibly meet them. And that they'll just rewrite the terms of these loans. In fact, I would say there's a pretty wide expectation of that happening. But when the Bush administration actually gave the loans, they said that the money was meant to possibly pave the way for an orderly Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing. And so, now the question will be, can they actually restructure, or will we see one of these companies file for bankruptcy?"],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["I'm Farai Chideya, and this is News & Notes. How much are you willing to spend on a bottle of fine wine?Thirty dollars?Maybe 60?How about more?And how do we know what makes a wine premium?There are nearly 6,000 wineries in the U. S.  African-Americans own fewer than a dozen. Stephen Sterling is one of those owners, and he's on a quest to educate African-Americans about the pleasures of fine wine.","Stephen is a co-owner of the family owned Esterlina Vineyards and Winery and Everett Ridge Vineyards and Winery. He's also the president of the Association of African-American Vintners. Welcome, Stephen.","Welcome. Thank you for having the African-American Vintners as part of your show today.","Well, give us some examples of some of the fancier places that your wine has been served."],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["How do we explain what happened here?","Well, this all started about 8 o'clock Pacific Time last night when this man, who, as you said, was believed to be an airline employee, stole a Horizon Airlines Q400 turboprop plane. This is a small, 80-passenger aircraft used for regional hops. He managed to take off from Sea-Tac Airport - a major airport. And he stayed airborne for about the next 60 to 90 minutes. During this time, North American Aerospace Defense Command, also known as NORAD, launched those two F-15 fighter jets from Portland, Ore. , to intercept the plane. As you heard, the man was in contact with air traffic control. They were trying to get him to land. And then just after 9 o'clock local time, the plane crashed on that small island, caught fire. NORAD says the F-15s did not fire upon the aircraft. And the man is presumed dead.","What do we know about him?","Not much. Alaska Airlines, the parent airline to Horizon Air, put out a statement saying it believes this man was a ground service agent employed by Horizon. They say that he took the plane from a maintenance position, which means that this was not a plane scheduled last night for passenger service. We don't know what motivated him to take the plane and do this. But during those communications with air traffic control, he did describe himself - and I'm quoting here - as \"a broken guy with a few screws loose. \"Those are his words."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["As we mentioned, polls show that a strong majority of Republicans do still support the death penalty. You're one of the growing number of those, though, who have called for repealing it. And there has been a move, as we said earlier, in some red states to repeal the death penalty. What do you think accounts for that shift?Is it just about economics?","No, I don't think it's solely economics. But, again, you know, most Republicans are pro-life. And when you start looking at the abortion issue and the life issue, you start to have to ask yourself, am I being consistent when I'm looking at the death penalty?","And, you know, for the longest time, the death penalty from the criminal law standpoint was there only for society's revenge. You know, it doesn't serve the other goals of criminal law. There's no rehabilitation of anybody. There's no study that shows that it helps prevent crime. So we're really kind of in that Old Testament retribution. And I think as we move more and more away from that and then factor in the economics, there's a real reason to get rid of it.","You mentioned, though, religion in politics as well as economics. I'm curious - how do you think about the morality of this question of the death penalty?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,0]}
{"text":["But some of the people you were just talking about are format breakers, who are a little bit of R&B, some soul. They pull back from influences from the past but they put their own stamp on it. Sonia, what do you like right now coming out of Atlanta?What are some of your favorites?","You know, I liked hearing the bumper music that you guys are playing in between - those are current songs, but when I think about - well, you know, first it was Goodie Mob and the \"Cell Therapy. \"So, I was thinking about what Cee-Lo is doing now is part of Gnarls Barkley.","As a songwriter, when you think about it, this guy wrote \"Don't You\" for the Pussycat Dolls, turned around and that is a big commercial. I mean, this guy is an incredible talent. The album that he's put out now with Gnarls Barkley is good. I can't wait to hear what TI's going to say, now that he has been through what he has been through.","I'm a big TI fan. I am still a bit OutKast fan. You look at OutKast, just completed their ballet this past weekend. I mean, these people are looking at the music as just kind of a launching pad into a lot of different mediums and you can't help but be proud to see such talent being recognized and explored in so many different mediums."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["This is SCIENCE FRIDAY. I'm Flora Lichtman, filling in for Ira Flatow, who's out today. This week, the FDA approved a new influenza vaccine for this year's flu season, and soon enough summer will be over and you'll be standing in line again at your pharmacy or doctor's office, participating in that yearly ritual - your annual vaccination allocation.","But what if that didn't have to happen?Imagine a world without the seasonal flu shot. What if one shot could protect you against flu forever and protect you against all flus, including avian flu and swine flu?","Well, you'll have to keep imagining for a while yet because there's no universal vaccine, but researchers are working on it. And joining me now to talk about the effort is Dr.  Gary Nabel. He's the head of the Vaccine Research Center at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases - that's part of the NIH - and he's co-author of a paper this week in the journal Science Translational Medicine on the topic. Welcome to the program, Dr.  Nabel.","Thank you.","So what's the difference between a universal vaccine and the one that I get every year?"],"speaker":["B","B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["So you get a sense of how this whole thing is going. Obviously, we should then inject alcohol into the situation. For his new show, Brad spent some time around Austin, Texas. So to cap off the visit, we made a cocktail - a paloma made out of a spirit called sotol, distilled from a plant that grows in the Texas desert.","All right. So first up. . .","Yeah.",". . . We're going to mix it with a little grapefruit. OK, I'm going to make a little grapefruit juice."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,0]}
{"text":["Good morning.","Jason, there's still no power on much of the island, which is astounding. It's five weeks now. What is it like?What have you seen to undertake a recovery from a hurricane when you still don't have power?","And part of what is crazy is it's not just Hurricane Maria. Hurricane Irma came through here two weeks before that. So there's some people who've been almost two months without power. But people are making an effort. They're out there. I see people, you know, cleaning up by hand. People are out there with hand tools trying to, you know, cut 2-by-4's to rebuild things when, you know, they don't have power tools. You've got people who are living in high-rises. It's kind of amazing sometimes walking around at night here in San Juan. You got these tall buildings. And you'll just see some candles flickering in the - and that's the only light in this entire high-rise.","I went out last night, actually, to try to catch some of the World Series. And some of the bars are starting to reopen. But everywhere that you go, the only power that people have is running off of generators or running off of some solar power. You really do not see people getting much power from the grid."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["I also asked Precious Shumba if President Mugabe would have to leave Zimbabwe if he loses the election.","If Mugabe loses, it is widely expected he will have to negotiate on almost every facet of his life. So the issue of whether he would stay here in Zimbabwe or elsewhere entirely depends on the new administration probably led by the opposition.","Finally, I asked Precious, who lives in the poor urban heart of the capital city, why he chooses to stay in the country and if he ever questions being a journalist in Zimbabwe where his career is risky and sometimes dangerous.","It would be an act of cowardice if I were to say, I cease to be a journalist. I feel I'm accountable and needs to contribute to public discourse. So I'm not really intimidated or really afraid of what might happen to me."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Yeah. Did we once all have them and they went away somehow?Or what - why did some of us have the healthy population and some of us don't?","Well, that's all down to exposures. And, you know, one of the things that clearly can deplete a microbiome of diversity is antimicrobial use, which clearly is more prevalent in use and perhaps inappropriately.","Antibiotics, you mean.","Exactly. In the last several decades. That's clearly one obvious approach to deplete the diversity. The other thing is, we think that viral infections, which frequently perceive these kind of chronic outcomes in inflammatory disease, including in the sinuses, they may actually perturb the microbiome and induce, perhaps, inflammation from the host that actually kills some of these protective organisms."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["I know I could have summitted. Yes, however - yes, I wasn't willing to lose my fingers or a tip of a finger, even, for the summit of K2.","Nick, this climbing season in the Himalayas is done for you. Do you think that you would think about K2 again?","I'm actually pretty sure I will think about K2 again. It's always been a dream of mine to be up there, and it is quite painful to have gotten so close to the summit and turn around. So maybe not next year, maybe not the year after, but I can say, in my life, I will for sure come back here. There's something about this mountain that just draws us all to it.","But you know, you know now, this is the deadliest mountain in the world."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Wow.",". . . Actually the night he died. So he was a very well-respected young person by our staff, by our students and our community. And, you know, it was a very shame that that did happen.","I'm so impressed. I gather the youngsters themselves in your school came up with the idea of electing them king and queen. I got to tell you. . .","Yeah, you know, you think about social media as something that's bad sometimes. Well, they - her friends and his friends kind of started a little social media thing and the adults weren't even totally aware. And they wanted to - they wanted to have them be king and queen. Now, it wasn't, you know, the whole school. It wasn't everybody. It was a very tight group of kids that really. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["Different things. Some people have heard of the Ig Nobel Prize, many have not. To some of them - there have been some winners who have been waiting for it for years. More typically they're not quite sure what it is. Our standard policy, which - it has a few twists now and then. But in general, when we've chosen somebody, we will quietly get in touch with them, offer them the prize and give them the opportunity to quietly to decline the honor. And if they say no, that's fine, that's it. We never mention it. We don't even keep records. We give it to somebody else. But happily for us, not many people decline. Almost everybody accepts.","And some of them - do they actually go on to win the real Nobel Prize?","That's happened at least once. In the year 2000, we gave the Ig Nobel Prize in psychics to two physicists in England, Andre Geim and Michael Berry, who were, and are, quite eminent physicists. They won the Ig Nobel Prize that year for using magnets to levitate a frog. I don't know if you've seen the videos on the Web of that.","Yeah, yeah, yeah."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":[". . . Battles. Yes. It was bloody, but it was also joyous because we're - all three of us - just super fans of Nancy Hale's.","I mean, people always ask fiction writers - as you would know better than anyone - how much of your writing, how much of your protagonist is you. And writers always say, it's fiction. You know, I made it all up. But you write that with Hale, it's - it actually really matters to know what her life story was when you're reading these stories.","You know, every story that a fiction writer writes has something of them in them. And I had to go through her story and sort of understand where they came from in her life. She wrote so close to the bone to her own life in many ways, and you can see herself in her characters in these stories - in a lot of them.","All right. So let's get to some of the stuff she writes about because she writes about things that are uncomfortable to discuss today in 2019 - must have been incredibly edgy at the time she was writing some of these. She writes about mothers feeling ambivalent about their children. She writes about how oppressive marriage can be. She writes beautifully about female desire. I actually wanted to let you read a little bit from one of her stories, titled \"Midsummer. \""],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["What the government says they're doing is addressing the problem with intelligence, which means being aware of rifts like this inside the gangs before they become violent. Fifty-five dead shows that that strategy failed here. And the governor says he's not renewing the contract of the private company that runs these prisons. Now they are taking these transfer measures. You know, they're using the intelligence that they have to transfer some gang leaders to a maximum security prison and then moving 200 other inmates who they say have received death threats. And that's their measures right now. The city is also under alert. There are police on the streets making sure this doesn't spill out into gun violence on the streets. And, you know, we'll see over the next few days whether that can contain even more possible violence.","Interesting that you say it's a private company that is running these prisons. Given that, why are these facilities so out of control?These are profit-making enterprises.","Watchdog groups have been sending out red flags about prison overcrowding in Brazil for many years now, and so it really is a political will issue. Many experts, after the tragedy of the past few days - including a U. N.  spokesperson yesterday - say that to really address this problem, you have to reduce overcrowding. And countrywide, prisons are around 70% over capacity and around 137% in this state alone.","Just quickly - Brazil's new president, Jair Bolsonaro, is a guy who talks tough on crime. Has he said anything about this?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["(Laughter).","He's just taking everything and ratcheting it up.","This song in particular has become a kind of proving ground for generations of musicians.","What about the listener experience, though?Does it have the same emotive quality that \"Kind Of Blue\" has?","I feel like there's emotion in \"Giant Steps. \"But it is certainly - you know, if you want to talk about \"Kind Of Blue\" as sort of relaxing-into-your-armchair-with-a-cocktail vibe. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Well, what would that serious diplomacy look like?I mean, I - the United States would have to - what?- accept a. . .","It's a fair question, you know, why diplomacy would work now when it's failed in the past. I think that the breakout is a game-changer for the United States because we're directly - become directly vulnerable to North Korea. But it's also a game-changer for China because they'll either - they'll have to live with the strategic consequences of a breakout, which could - are unknown. South Korea could reassess its non-nuclear status.","So I think the conjunction of factors that we can bring China into play would have the goal of obtaining a nuclear - a freeze to lock in North Korea at its current level of capabilities. And for China - I think the conjunction of factors is that for China, they would retain their buffer in North Korea. And they would prevent these adverse strategic consequences. North Korea would maintain its minimum deterrent, and the regime would remain in power. For the United States, it would prevent this breakout, and it would offer us a not-great narrative. But we would say that this is an interim agreement toward the long-term goal of denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula.","Well Mr.  Litwak, in the minute we have left, can you really trust any - the process of reaching or signing any agreement with a regime like North Korea's?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["Yeah. It's hard to understand today just how much the catcher, especially in the 1870s, dominated the baseball game. A single baseball game was - really revolved around the catcher's ability to harness what the pitcher was pitching, and everything revolves around that. The pitcher couldn't use his best pitches if he had - he didn't have confident - confidence in the catcher.","So he really was a sort of iconic folk hero, dominated the game in a way that I think no player ever has before or since and - at a point to where people resented it and would say, you know, this is a game played by two players while the other seven just kind of watch.","The pitcher and the catcher and everybody else watches. The catcher's - well, we are familiar with the crouched position right behind home plate. That was not what they did in the 1870s.","No. They stood, sometimes a little stooped but mostly straight up, and they would just catch the ball and be ready to throw it to bases immediately. And the way that they would throw it sort of made them look like gunslingers. And so that really fed into the whole icon of them, the whole idea of them as American folk heroes."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Well, could payments like this then allow the defendants in this case - who obviously are either wealthy or supported by very wealthy people - allow the defendants to buy their way out of criminal punishments of any kind?","I think that's conceivable. But I think, in this case, there would still be punishment. It would - they would probably still be incarcerated, although it's a very opaque process. So it's not very clear. I mean, this is - these are not trials like in the United States where you can go in and watch the court proceedings unfold day after day. These are all very cloaked processes in Saudi Arabia.","Looming behind all of this, of course, is the crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman, who's denied any culpability and, of course, is not on trial in any way. Does blood money offer him a way to wipe this case away without facing any particular accountability?","Well, it - not completely. But it does - you know, the Khashoggi children have been awfully restrained in their public positions about all of this. Right?They have not condemned the kingdom. They've not gone after Mohammed bin Salman. And this is a way to making sure they sort of stay quiet. This is a way for that to happen."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Does the seriousness of this cast a shadow on the White House?Are they concerned about what, for instance, is going to be coming out today?","I think it casts a huge shadow over the White House. I think it's very serious. I want Congress to conduct full oversight on it. And I think we need to look at it. I think Congress and I think Republicans and Democrats have a duty, no matter who's in the White House, to ask tough questions, and the president can push back when they think they overreach.","Finally, with the president calling this a hoax and a scam, do you think that is wise?","Well, I - you know, I'm not going to comment on every description the president. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Well, approved solar filters are what you really need. The cheapest and I think probably the best way is to go with these welder's glasses. They're called number 14 welder's glasses. They're a very dark shade. You go into a welding store, and you say you want number 14, they know what you're doing. They always look at me and they say, oh, you're going to look at the sun?I say yeah, that's what I'm going to do.","And so you want to get those glasses. They usually cost about five, six bucks or so. And then you can put those up to your face and look right at the sun all you want. Then you can also get filters for your telescopes, binoculars, that type of thing. But really, we recommend making this into a social situation.","As astronomers, we always like company, and we recommend people to join or find any astronomical groups that are in their area, because there are astronomy clubs all over the country, and they love to share their expertise, and on these days of the eclipse on the 20th and the Transit on the 5th, join up with one of them because it's a lot of fun having a sun party.","Wow, and you can find these - you can find more information on your website, or. . ."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Linda Greenhouse is co-author of \"Before Roe v.  Wade: Voices that Shaped the Abortion Debate Before the Supreme Court's Ruling. \"She joins us by phone from her office in New Haven, where she now teaches at Yale Law School. Good to have you back on the program.","Oh, thanks very much.","And one of the documents you reprinted is the story of Dr.  Jane Hodgson. What's her part in Roe v.  Wade?","Well, she didn't have a direct part in Roe against Wade. Jane Hodgson was a very courageous obstetrician-gynecologist in St.  Paul, Minnesota in the early 1970s. Before Roe she was a Mayo Clinic-trained doctor. And she decided to test, to challenge the Minnesota criminal abortion law. She had a patient who had contracted German measles very early in her pregnancy. And people my age might remember, before there were immunizations, that there were epidemics of German measles that swept through the country, and when it hit somebody early in pregnancy, it had a very high probability of causing serious birth defects."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3,3]}
{"text":["You know what else my mother said?You should talk to more people in their 80s because they've looked across the street at death for a decade. And they know what's really important in life.","Your mother was smart. Now, I'm talking as one of the people in the 80s. Nobody wants to hear that you met Harry Truman, you know. Shh.","(Laughing) You didn't meet Harry Truman, did you?","I met Harry Truman. But you know what I mean?Nobody's interested. They want to know you've met Rihanna, and that kills me."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,1]}
{"text":["'Cause there are a lot of industries now that can point to the fact that they are using fewer people to sometimes produce even greater revenues.","Well, that's what using fewer people will sometimes do. It certainly will - using fewer people will increase the productivity of the people that you are using. And we had been living through an age where we are adapting to a transformative technology - the Internet. I mean, this has enormous effects on the workplace. But, you know, I'm a mere writer. I wouldn't even know how to begin to answer the question you just asked; how much of this is a fundamental shift in the economy and how much of it is a result of the way we've led our financial lives?","Michael Lewis, what should, in your mind, Americans learn from the financial crisis in Europe?","The thing that has interested me the most is the role of the big financial institutions in our economy. I think over the period of the last several decades, they have spun out of control; that they are too big to fail, which means that the normal sort of mechanism of a market economy is not allowed to work in a financial sector. That normal mechanism is creative destruction. It's, you know, someone builds a better one and the old one dies. And I would have thought the big lesson from the period of 2007, 2008 is that we can't really build an economy based on such institutions. It's like building your house on sand."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3,1,3]}
{"text":["Yeah, and that sounds a little anthropomorphic. I mean, they live in those reservoir hosts inconspicuously. Obviously viruses don't have purposes, so it's not their purpose to hide, but they disappear. They go somewhere where we can't find them.","Scientists - Ebola spilled over for the first time in 1976, and scientists still don't know what the reservoir host of Ebola is.","If you want to get in on the conversation, ask David Quammen a question, it's 1-800-989-8255, 1-800-989-TALK. Now these are called zoonosis, is that - did I get that right?","That's right, yeah, zoonoses. A zoonosis is an animal infection that's transmissible to humans. It might or might not cause disease in humans. Sometimes these things spill over, and they become innocent passenger viruses in humans. But if the zoonosis spills over and does cause disease, then we call that a zoonotic disease. And about 60 percent of our infectious diseases are zoonotic."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":[". . . Of Puerto Rico. (Laughter) So that would leave the secretary of the Department of Education fourth in line. And he took over that agency from Julia Keleher, who is facing corruption charges in federal court.","Oh, my goodness.","And I think it's important to remember that the arrest of the former Department of Education secretary almost three weeks ago initiated this head-spinning series of events that has led to Governor Rossello's announcement last Wednesday that he was resigning.","Mr.  Trelles, I just want to know because we're going so far down the line of succession, is there some point in the rules where the governorship just falls to you, that it's the editor of Radio Ambulante who becomes governor of Puerto Rico?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Would it be ethical to do this, you know, some of this work in humans?Would it take away some of the stigma about using embryonic stem cells?","Well, there's a whole lot of issues to consider in that I think a lot of people are going to have to involved in working through and thinking about under what circumstances it would be permissible to use this kind of approach in humans if the science really supports the idea that this kind of approach could generate cells that look like eggs from human pluripotent stem cells. I think the two key factors, I mean one key factor is that you would want to do this in the context of an effort, you know, for in vitro fertilization, in the course of reproduction rather than just generating embryos for the sake of research by fertilization.","And secondly, you would only want to go forward, I think, if you were sure enough from the preliminary studies that the eggs really looked healthy and normal and really felt like they had a chance of giving rise to successful pregnancies because you wouldn't want to engage in in vitro fertilization with a patient if there really wasn't much chance of having a successful pregnancy.","Is there any reason - going the opposite direction of thought, is there any reason to believe this would not work in humans?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["The cease-fire that was supposed to halt fighting between Russian separatists and the Ukrainian government has not taken hold. Really, it never seems to have started. Shelling and dying has continued this week with both sides insisting the other had violated the cease-fire agreement. Separatist rebels have taken control of the city of Debaltseve, which serves as a key rail hub in Ukraine. Ivo Daalder is the president of the Chicago Council on Global Affairs and the former NATO ambassador. He joins us now. Thanks very much for being with us, Mr. Ambassador.","Oh, it's great to be here.","Do you think a cease-fire is even practical?","Well, I think the only way you're going to get a cease-fire is if one side stops shooting because clearly the Russians and the Russian-backed separatists are bent on continuing to fight. They were never interested in the cease-fire in the first place. We saw that in the Minsk negotiations more than a week ago when they refused to have an immediate cease-fire. They wanted to have a delay. So they could take this city of Debaltseve, but we now also see continued fighting in the south near Mariupol and in other parts of the region."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["But turning 70, that's got to be a bit of a shock.","No, it isn't. Really, I keep wondering what everybody's amazed about it. You know, I feel excited the same as I did when I was 37 and that has carried on pretty much the same all those years. I feel no difference at all. Somebody's told me, or I heard in the radio or something, someone said that Mark Twain said age is a case of mind over matter. If you don't mind, it doesn't matter. So I just amble merrily forward. I don't care. I don't hide my age. I think hiding you age is a bit as sensible as acting(ph) your street number.","Well, acting, let's go to that for just a moment. I want to ask you about that Dustin Hoffman movie where. . .","That was a smooth maneuver."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["We were sure supposed to. Somewhere along the line things, sort of, broke down and it's obviously disturbing that we haven't come as far as we thought in that time.","As you looked at what happened before the attack in Benghazi, what do you think are the important lessons to be taken away there?","You know, I think that right now it's hard to tell what the lessons are because there's no clear chain of accountability or decision making. The first question you ask yourself is who is in charge of this thing?You had a mission - a State Department mission on the ground.","Theoretically everyone in that mission, including that special operations team that supposedly could've reacted to this thing was working for the head of mission, which in this case was a deputy chief of mission since the ambassador was the individual involved. And it's unclear to me even at this point if he had the authority to launch that special operations team or whether someone outside that chain of command and Department of Defense or Southern Command, or pardon me, in Special Operations Command, you know, overruled that. And it's never become obvious to me what that chain of command was. And it seemed to me that would be one of the first questions the congressional people are asking - doing the inquiries should've been asking."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Right.","Or La Scala in Milan. And now you debuted at the Met this fall. What was that like?","It was pretty awesome. And it all didn't really hit me until the curtain came down after the first performance. Because up until then, I was just, you know, trying to rehearse and trying to work, you know, really hard, and make sure that, you know, I was doing everything I needed to do. And even going out on stage the first time, it really didn't hit me, because I was just trying to stay focused. But once the curtain came down and we were doing the curtain calls, and I could actually see out to the house how many people were out there, and, you know, the whole occasion of it all didn't strike me until then. And boy, it was just - it was amazing, because for any young American singer, that's the place you're shooting for, it's the pinnacle of the opera world. And it was great. Just thinking about it sitting here right now, I was just - yeah, I'm just - I'm really grateful to have had that experience.","Yeah, I can only imagine. Well, let's talk a little bit more about the role that you were playing, General Leslie Groves in the opera \"Doctor Atomic\" by John Adams. And it's a modern opera about the countdown to the first test of the atomic bomb in the New Mexico desert during World War II. Let's start out by listening to you."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Well, it's definitely run by individual nations but individual nations with their systems tied together. And that happens both geographically but also temporally. You know, one of the key tools for observations that feed the weather models are the polar-orbiting satellites. It's so well-integrated that the European polar orbiters cover the earth in each local time's morning, and the American orbiters come in the afternoon.","I mean, that's a sort of pattern that has been essential to making sure that, you know, we have the latest observations from every part of the earth's atmosphere. It's about this sort of continually humming system to step forward in time and correct slightly and, you know, keep spitting out a changing forecast that hopefully gets better and better.","And so up until now, it's been governments that have been obviously calculating the weather for the greater good. But you call privatization a major threat to weather forecasting. Explain.","Yes, it's a 150-year-old system of governments collaborating with each other as a global public good. You know, in the '60s, it was something that President Kennedy saw as a sort of counterpoint to the space race. You know, meteorology was a way that governments could collaborate. But more recently, we potentially have a kind of bifurcation. You know, we potentially have forecasts for the haves and forecasts for the have-nots."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["So your book looked at air pollution in a number of countries, but we want to talk about a chapter that discusses the development of the Clean Air Act here in America. And you call this a landmark moment for public health. How come?","Well, the Clean Air Act of 1970 was really a revolutionary piece of legislation for its time. And I think in retrospect, it really stands as one of the most consequential laws in modern American history. A couple of congressionally commissioned studies since 1970 have found - literally - that the regulations enacted under the Clean Air Act have saved millions of American lives since that time and trillions of dollars.","So that's an extraordinary impact. It's one that's sometimes invisible to us. We obviously don't know if we haven't had a heart attack, haven't had an asthma attack, haven't lost a loved one because the air was cleaner than it otherwise would have been. But nonetheless, the science demonstrating that that's true is very solid.","You also call this the start of a new era in America's modern history - in what way?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["No, I don't think the passage of time has narrowed options for action but time is indeed the enemy. We've seen a persistence of this regime in Syria create a humanitarian crisis that is not only torturing the Syrian people but it's having massive effects on the neighborhood.","The U. N.  panel reported this week on evidence of chemicals weapons, which, of course, the Obama administration had once called a red line. What's your assessment of their reaction?","I think there's little doubt on the part of anybody that the regime has employed chemical weapons against the Syrian people. It's a remarkably small percentage of casualties are accounted for by this practice but it is a particularly bad practice. But the United States had a very traumatic experience with this business of weapons of mass destruction 10 years ago in Iraq. The administration wants to get it right this time. It wants to be able to present a case that is accurate and irrefutable.","That being said, does it run the risk with a protracted delay seeming as if they're countenance in the use of chemical weapons?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["It's the gear for your grinds video.","The coffee decoder series.","And with some very surprising results. Thank you, Flora.","Thanks, Ira."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["And the story is conveyed through the eyes of this young woman, this farmer's wife, who discovers it, actually, in a - she's kind of in an awkward situation. She's going somewhere where she's not supposed to be, and she sees it and she's not allowed to tell anyone. But she feels it's her personal burning bush. She takes it as a warning to go back.","I wanted to write it initially through her eyes so that you, too, would not know what you are seeing. But later. . .","If SCIENCE FRIDAY didn't spoil it.","Well, yeah. But you see what I mean?Because it is about perception and how we need to be - to understand what we're seeing before we can really see it, that's really key to understanding this whole issue of climate change and why we see or don't see what's right in front of us."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["And why the neighborhoods around Logan?What was going on then?","The people who lived on or in the vicinity of Neptune Road were having a very, very big problem. The airport grew and grew and grew, and needed more and more land. And the people on Neptune Road were so hurt by the noise pollution because at that point the airplanes would land and take off right over their street often enough that there was extensive noise pollution. And I have this one picture - I think you probably saw it - of the teenagers on the overpass, and some of them are not even paying attention to the airplane overhead, and it could be that some of them are now hearing impaired in this photograph.","I mean, you take a look at some of your photographs and the planes are astonishingly close. I mean, it feels that you can almost reach up and hold onto one of the wheels.","And I documented cracks in walls in the homes, people with severe hearing problems. It just went on and on and on."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["If you're a minority professional and you grow up understanding that there will be expectations placed upon you that you have to overcome, the reality of it is, if you go into this thinking you can just be good you'll end up with a mediocre career. And so \"Good is Not Enough\" is really just a sounding call to minority professionals saying, hey, you know, we can be players at this level but we can't just play good, we have to excel.","Let's break down a few of the things you say matter. One is networking. Why so important?","Networking is so important because in this day and age a lot of the jobs, a lot of the opportunities that will come your way will not be through Monster, will not be through the want ads, it will be through networking. And so from a career perspective the opportunities will come your way from networking, but more importantly networking is a great opportunity to learn from others who have been down the road that you're trying to go. For example, if, I met a company right now - I'm at Pitney Bowes, and I love being there - but if I were to look at an opportunity at IBM, if I had a network that includes someone at IBM, I could actually call and get a better idea of what it is I'm stepping into, because corporate culture is just critical.","But how do you find someone who is a peer or a mentor at another company?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Yeah, it's still very present. I don't think it's still very accurate. I think what this proves is that 5 billion songs is $5 billion, and so they are still saying that global music sales have dropped 8percent to about 19. 4 billion, according to the phonographic industry.","So they are seeing some sales still decline, but you're seeing digital music rise, so I think these music labels are needed to get with the program and get over this fear of piracy, and - and look at this say, you know what?Five billion songs, that's a lot of music that anyone could be buying. I mean, that's just - you know, at the end of the day, that's a lot of music to be purchased.","Mario, thanks so much.","Thank you, Farai.","Mario Armstrong is News & Notes regular technology contributor, and he joined us from the studios of the Baltimore Sun."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,1]}
{"text":["We should say this is a multi-level chess game, and we can only see the top level - the overt actions, not the covert. But these diplomatic measures that we can see do seem like gestures, really, only. And economic sanctions are the real deal. Russia has suffered economically in recent years from sanctions. They do hate those sanctions. But, of course, what they really hate is low oil prices.","Has the Obama administration been late to recognize the threat from Russia?","Perhaps not to recognize the threat but slow to get serious about it. After the Crimea sanctions, there were lots of other provocations, Syria being the worst, Obama clearly not willing to go to war in Syria. So Russia has had something of a free field of fire as it were. But as far as the cyberhacking of this election campaign, the administration did sound the alarm last fall, but they did not go to the mat, in part, because they didn't want to appear to be interfering with the election themselves. And let's face it, they thought Hillary Clinton was going to win anyway.","Ron, this was the administration that said we needed to do a reset with Russia. What happened?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["And then it's like, it kind of makes it more of a treat.","(Singing) You took me from the shelter of a mother I had never known\u2026","I read that - about you having, as we all do, ups and downs in life. In 1977, I read that your mother died, which was a painful period for you.","Very.","But the very next year, you gave birth to a son."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[4]}
{"text":["From an economic perspective, they certainly don't seem to. All the evidence suggests that stadiums are not good economic drivers. But that being said, that doesn't mean that there is not value in a stadium. There are things like quality of life, things like civic pride. But ultimately, a lot of the economists I spoke to landed on the fact that what you need to do is have honest conversations among taxpayers and voters in terms of what you want to spend and why. Don't tell taxpayers that the stadium is going to make them rich because it's not going to. But it may enrich your life if you're a fan. And so take that into account and think about it the same way you would a golf course or an arts district. Is this something that you want to pay for?It's not an investment, but it's consumption.","You are awfully impressed by the art and craft of grounds crews.","Oh, I was.","A clever grounds crew can mean a difference in close games, can't it?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["So the president, I think, recognized that leverage and negotiated with them. I would have preferred a longer debt ceiling as well, closer to 18 months. But I do recognize the reality of the situation. We're providing relief to the hurricane victims from Harvey. And we're keeping the government running for three months. And we have a three-month debt ceiling. The agreement was reasonable. And again, those very same members who are complaining about it would have never voted for a better deal anyway.","I have to ask. You're from a swing district. I gather you spoke with Speaker Ryan before news of your declining to run for re-election got out. Did the speaker try and change your mind?","Well, I did speak with both Speaker Ryan and Steve Stivers. He's chair of the Congressional Campaign Committee. And they were both, I believe, fair to say, disappointed in what - would certainly prefer that I run for re-election. There's no question about that. But they understand that, you know, these decisions are not just about politics, they're personal. And they respect that, but they clearly would prefer that I run for re-election.","You would have had a tough primary though, right?There's been rallies against you and. . .","Oh, no. There was a rally last week, but it was a - that was a buffoon bus. And it was a - it was a freak show, to be honest with you. I mean, it really was bizarre. I mean, it was a bunch of people from out of town in a bus, you know, yelling and screaming. I mean, it really was not much of anything, but. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Well, we fought three wars in the 20th century in Europe - we had World War I, we had World War II and we had the Cold War - because we believed that a stable united Europe was our best partner to deal with the challenges in the world. If that was true in the 20th century, it's even more true in the 21st century when it is the only partners we can find militarily, economically and politically around the world that we can count on. They're not doing enough, but they're doing more than anybody else.","If your board were to go under, were to collapse, where nationalism would ignite the kinds of dangers we saw in the 1920s, in the 1930s, we, the United States, would suffer in the same way that we did in the 1920s and 1930s.","Ivo Daalder is president of the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, former U. S.  ambassador to NATO. Thanks so much.","It's my pleasure."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Boy, melodrama going on, on the Washington football club whose team name I refuse to utter. Coach Shanahan benching Robert Griffin III for the rest of the season - good idea or. . .","Well, it's all part of a bigger power play. The big problem is the owner. The problem with the Redskins goes back to Daniel Snyder. He's worse than George Steinbrenner, worse than Marge Schott; worse than all of them. He's one of the worst owners that you could possibly have. When he started, he had past-prime players with Deion Sanders and Bruce Smith trying to make a splash.","We're about to run out of time. Not much time for many more worse, yes?","Awful. He's just bad."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Can I ask you, has your shop - your restaurant, which is very well known here, helped you in your endeavor?Do people walk in to give you tips, try and contact you through that?","You know, I'm not talking about this, really, to people because it probably would seem like I have a tin foil hat on my head until (laughter) - I don't know - you realize with a lot of people, I think that you think that there may be conspiracy theorists on Twitter or whatever. And then you realize, like, sometimes the conspiracy theorists are right.","Jeff Jetton, thank you so much for being with us.","Absolutely. Thank you."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["How did she describe it?","It happened to be a beautiful day when she posted this picture, but you see rubble side by side with, you know, people doing their shopping, people just going about their business, school kids returning to school. It's surreal.","So there's the physical scars of this conflict, but what about the other one that you mentioned, which is justice?Will there be justice for anyone who committed atrocities?There's so much evidence of the chemical attacks, the murders, the torture, the disappearances. What happens to that?","There are some bright spots of hope - the fact that we saw - that we're starting to see indictments in European courts. You know, interestingly enough, a lot of people who were perpetrators of some of the worst crimes inside Syria, whether they did it in the name of the regime or in the name of an opposition, have found themselves in Europe and, therefore, sort of subject to European justice because other Syrians have recognized them. Other Syrians have identified them. And there might be hopes that there can be an accountability in that sense.","But I think inside Syria, you know, the actual architects of most of this - of this incredible disaster still remain at large. And not only at large or in power, but about to potentially be incredibly enriched by the reconstruction that, in theory, is coming to Syria.","So what do you think the road ahead looks like for Syria?"],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[4,5]}
{"text":["And a note, yesterday, on Weekend Edition Saturday, it was implied that WikiLeaks was the first to post the Macron documents. That's incorrect. For its part, WikiLeaks says it's trying to confirm their authenticity. To Nigeria next, where the government says Boko Haram has released 82 of the missing schoolgirls the group seized in a mass abduction three years ago. That kidnapping prompted global indignation and the creation of the high-profile Bring Back Our Girls campaign. NPR's Africa correspondent, Ofeibea Quist-Arcton is monitoring developments from Accra. Good morning.","Greetings.","Ofeibea, what more do you know?","President Muhammadu Buhari's spokesman has said that the release of these girls happened after mediation by the Swiss government and the International Red Cross. And it was like a prisoner swap, Lulu, because, apparently, Boko Haram detainees have been released. The presidential spokesman did not say how many but indicated that negotiations are continuing as the government has been saying over recent weeks."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Jeffrey Mann was once a hard driving college athlete. But his dreams were dashed when he suffered a series of injuries. He managed to make it to the conference finals in the 400-meter hurdle race, but came in dead last. Twenty-five years later, he decided that failure was not an option. Jeffrey Mann is a religion professor at Susquehanna University in Pennsylvania. And when we spoke with him, post-race, he told us his return to the track wasn't exactly by design.","It wasn't really planned. I had been exercising and working out and doing a little bit of running on my own. And I ended up in a conversation with the head coach, here, of the track team. And as we were talking, he found out a little bit about my history and where I was at and told me that there was a possibility for me to compete in a Division III intercollegiate competition.","But that sounds theoretical. You took it seriously.","I think I was a little bit overly optimistic when I first accepted the challenge. But I thought how much could I possibly have slowed down in 25 years?And so I decided to take on the challenge and compete as a - what they call an unattached runner at a college meet."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["My pleasure.","Could you just tell us what the weather is like right now?","Well, currently, it's been blue day. I mean, we've had some bands of rain come through from time to time, but it's a nice day. The water is calm. It's clouding up a little bit.","Do you have any guests at the resort at the moment?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["I'd say first, over all, we have had a measure of success in reducing nuclear proliferation over the years. And so North Korea and Iran are really exceptions to what has been a successful policy. Not simply by the United States, but by the international community. I mean, we can't do this alone. We depend on international cooperation.","North Korea is an exception because it is so difficult to deal with. They have used their nuclear weapons not so much from the standpoint of making military threats, but as an instrument of extortion, to get economic concessions for what in fact is an impoverished country.","Now that leads me to my next question. We're coming down toward the close. And it's this. White-collar terrorism, is that an example of what you just described, of white-collar terrorism, extorting, using the threat to extort money?","It does have that concept to it, because it does fall in the camp - in the realm of extortion, rather than military strategy. Quickly, with regard to Iran, there is a very difficult issue, because in fact Iran's quest to be a major power, including the possession of nuclear weapons, really precedes the current administration in Iran, and is likely to be a long-term quest that isn't going to be very, very, difficult to stop."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Yeah, absolutely. So, you know, one of the things we need to be doing is making this standardized. I've talked to many people. They say, well, he never even checked what my, you know, date of birth said. I think we need to go to more of a standardized approach in order to do that.","Is there any kind of technological solution to this - I don't know - thumbprint, iris scan or something?","We have electronic health records, which are supposed to make this easier. But remember, anytime you introduce technology within sort of a complex health care system, you know, it can also have unintended consequences.","So never before would I be sitting on a patient's, you know, medical record with three different electronic health record screens open, trying to work between, you know, different patients sitting in an emergency room. So with new technologies come this additional complexity that we need to sort of be thinking about."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["It really is. I mean, the fact - and he uses the microscopes that I used as a kid, right, from the '60s because those must be Bausch and Lomb or something like that.","The Zeiss microscope.","Zeiss microscope, different company.","Yeah, right. No, he said that actually if you want to get into this, you know, the cost of one of these microscopes from the '60s or '70s is about that of a computer, but it'll last you a lifetime.","Forever. The optics are just terrific."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Five cases of cholera have now been confirmed in the port city of Beira, Mozambique. And this is spreading in the wake of what the United Nations has called the worst catastrophe to hit southern Africa. A cyclone and massive flooding two weeks ago killed hundreds of people.","Earlier this morning, we were able to reach Caitlin Ryan. She is the emergency communications officer for the group Doctors Without Borders. They're also known by their French initials MSF. She is in the city of Beira, and I asked her what it's like there.","In many ways, it does feel like life is returning to the city. There's some food in the market; people have cleaned the streets. And we're starting to treat a lot of injuries of people repairing their homes. So in many ways, life is returning to normal. But in many other ways, maybe even a hundred thousand people are sleeping without roofs, they don't have enough food, and access to clean water is severely, severely limited.","Well, speaking of health problems - I mean, what can you tell me now about these cases of cholera?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["I was very impressed, though. I mean, I think just getting to the athletes' village is a huge accomplishment.","Absolutely.","And I know that you have been behaving yourself in the athletes' village and elsewhere. Any closing thoughts before you bid farewell to the land of crumpets?","Closing ceremonial thoughts?I was one of those skeptics who said it could never live up to Beijing. I learned once again that every Olympic Games is its own moment. Danny Boyle, the movie director and artist behind the opening ceremony, he said a wise thing about his production. You know, don't even try to compete with China, which had that unforgettable mega-opening ceremony. Do your own thing was Boyle's attitude."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Hi, Lulu. How are you?","I'm good. How are the players that you're talking to reacting to the stand that the NFL's taken?","Well, I think they've taken the position that the NFL has decided to fully engage with this culture war initiated by the president when he first attacked the NFL players back in September. One of the questions of the book that I was asking is, who gets to be the patriot?And when the president first called the players unpatriotic, then said that they shouldn't have jobs, now he's even saying that dissenting players maybe shouldn't even be in the country. And that the NFL is going along with it, as well, I think this has really reignited some really bad blood between the players and the owners.","And how is that manifesting itself?I mean, what conversations are the players having, and what can they actually do?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["You know, I always love - to me, there are two parts of the Olympic competition, A, the Opening Ceremonies and the 100-meter and the 200-meter dash in - men's and women's. That, to me, that's the Olympics, and I think that's going to be fascinating. It's just going to be fascinating. And there's always - there's always someone - there's always someone who comes out of the blue, and I don't think it'll be someone from China, but you just can't tell. They have been waiting for this for a long time, Tony. It's kind of what we did to the world in 1984, when we just ambushed everybody. So, I think it's - I think the competition is going to be phenomenal.","I can't let you get away from here, Bill Rhoden, without talking about - guess who - Brett Favre.","He's coming to your town.","Eh. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well, I have to tell you, since September 11th, 2001, I haven't had a vacation. And I don't know about rest and relaxation, you know?My rest and relaxation is prayer, just trying to keep afloat, so that things don't get any worse. So, you know, I'm doing everything I can to not be stressed out about the economic situation.","Cathy Walker is a doctor living in Ardmore, Pennsylvania. Thank you, Cathy.","Thank you.","If you'd like to be a part of our real economy project, let us know. You can find us at npr. org\/daydreaming."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["And, of course, we have bioenergy here, too, and the debates about things like corn ethanol. That's another big contentious issue here in the Midwest. And one where, again, middle grounds might have to be found between groups that are in very different poles on that issue.","And what do you think is the most promising - again, the symbolic areas, those are always going to be difficult. But are there other conversations that could be had that, as you say, skirt the ideology?","Well, it's very interesting. Regardless of, you know, how you think of him politically, the Obama administration has actually done more, may be by accident - or may be on purpose - to think about, to take on climate change than all previous administrations, really, combined. Our CO2 emissions in the United States have gone down pretty dramatically in the last few years, partly because of the recession, of course, but partly because people are retooling and getting more efficient.","The American car fleet is getting lot more efficient. We finally got those CAFE standards going up again, which is fantastic, after about 30 years of going nowhere. And maybe that's a benefit of bailing out Detroit. We could work with them to make cars more efficient, the cars Americans want to buy. We've also - the fracking, moving away from coals, where it's natural gas, has helped a lot, although we have to watch the other aspects of fracking. And also, renewables are beginning to make a bigger and bigger dent in the American electricity supply and other energy supplies."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,3]}
{"text":["I would never have imagined an Ebola epidemic going at this pace because all the prior epidemics - some 20 outbreaks since 1976 - have occurred in isolated, rural areas and been primarily a handful of family members co-infected coming into a medical facility, and then the medical facility itself became the amplifier of the infection.","But this one has broken all the rules. So for the first time, we really see classic, urban, person-to-person spread in Monrovia, in Freetown and in Conakry. It has also crossed borders. So we have three countries with three different sets of policies and skills levels. And it also hit countries that had been through two of the most brutal civil wars in modern history, civil wars that pitted clan against clan, village against the village so that as this began to unfold, it unfolded in an atmosphere of deeply embedded distrust to give us the worst Ebola epidemic in history.","Laurie, what about those people that think that this might be tragic, but it's on the other side of the world, got nothing to do with us?","I don't think there's many serious voices saying that sort of thing anymore. This week, when the Security Council convened and voted on a resolution related to the Ebola epidemic, it was cosigned by 130 other nations making it the most strongly-supported resolution in the history of the United Nations. One key element of that resolution is declaring that Ebola now represents a national security threat for every nation on Earth."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well, so certainly President-elect Trump has issued a few statements on cybersecurity, including a campaign platform. Those are pretty thin on details. And some of his statements - it's been difficult to understand whether or not he - how literally to take those particular recommendations. Of his national security hires that have been announced at this point, none are known for having particularly strong cybersecurity backgrounds. So as we see more and more people coming into the administration, we might be able to start getting a sense of what exactly this administration's cybersecurity policy might look like.","Surely when you become the administration, you have a vested interest in national cybersecurity that maybe you lacked before, don't you?","Absolutely. I think while many of his statements during the campaign did not necessarily evince well-developed policy thoughts - he's going to have to come up with more specific ideas. One thing that Donald Trump might run up against is the existence of current laws. So, for example, he's indicated a number of times that he intends to transfer a lot of the cybersecurity mission to the Department of Defense to come up with a plan for defending critical infrastructure. And there are potentially rather serious consequences to sort of the militarization of civilian cyber defense. I think that they might find themselves coming up against an existing framework that doesn't necessarily square with the broad instinct towards wanting to turn towards the military to solve this problem.","I thought the Obama administration was pretty clear in saying, after they asserted that Russian attempts to meddle in the elections had been ongoing, that the United States was going to reply in kind. Can we assume those efforts are going on now?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3]}
{"text":["The African nation of Gambia may see its own peaceful transition of power but only after weeks of negotiation and threats of military intervention. After initially accepting election results that voted him out of office, the reigning president of 22 years then refused to concede for weeks - until today. When facing international pressure and dwindling support, reports came that he has agreed to step down. Ruth Maclean is the West African correspondent for The Guardian. She's in the capital of Banjul, Gambia. Ruth, thanks very much for being with us.","Thanks for having me.","And what did the president say today?","Well, the president said last night in a midnight broadcast that he would step down and that he would act in the interest of the Gambian people. And that was the last that we heard from him. But he is still in State House. He hasn't left the country yet, and he hasn't ceded power as far as we know.","So I guess it's premature to ask who would replace him."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Let me move on to another issue. I was covering both the Democratic and Republican Conventions, and one of the biggest applause lines during the Republican Conventions had to do with drilling for oil. Drill now, drill now, drill now. There is a serious set of distinctions between Senator Obama's policy towards energy and the McCain campaigns policy towards energy. Very briefly, very briefly, describe them to me, as they would affect consumers.","OK, I would say three distinct differences. One, the emphasis of McCain has been on drilling. The facts show that he U. S.  consumes 25 percent of the world's oil and has 3 percent of the reserves. So it's obvious that we cannot drill our way out of that problem.","Obama's focus has been on what can we do in the immediate run, and in the long run, to wean our dependence on oil. And that means investing in an extensive program to convert the economy with green jobs and research, deployment, development of alternative energy. And it also means efficiencies, conservation, raising fuel standards and things to reduce our demand.","So emphasizing the whole portfolio of energies and reducing our demand, but we know that ultimately we've got to move to a different source of energy, and that's the only way to do it. And that is a very big difference between the two candidates."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3]}
{"text":["(Reading from diary) Woke up not feeling well. I spent the entire day online on WebMD. I can say with a hundred percent certainty that I have pleurisy, tuberculosis, brainstem cancer or an enlarged prostate. I found a great cure for whatever ails you - a coffee enema. The only negative - I could never go back to Starbucks.","I can't read this. Joan Rivers' new book is called \"Diary of a Mad Diva. \"She joins us from New York. Thanks so much.","Oh, it makes me so happy when you laugh.","Well, it's funny. I have to ask you, do you have as much plastic surgery as you say you do or is it kind of like Dean Martin and his drinking?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Yeah.","Sterile. Good to drink.","Well, they didn't drink it. They didn't do the ultimate test.","And I don't blame them."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Tell me about it.","I was teaching in a program called Community Studies, which was an interdisciplinary program, work-study program. You'd go to school for a while, and then you'd go out and work, and then you'd come back and write about it. And there was a woman enrolled in one of my classes who had four kids, and a husband in San Quentin. Her third husband, by whom she had no kids. This was in the 1980s, when San Quentin was experimenting with conjugal visits. She'd say, Mr.  Young, I won't be in class because it's conjugal visiting day at the 'Q'. And so I finally ask her about it. And her body language was of two kinds. She was smiling and obviously joyous when she talked about how it was to go see her husband once a month.","And then her body language changed and she got very severe, and she sat up in her seat across from my desk, and she said, and when I get back to my - to Santa Cruz, and I'm trying to do my schoolwork and take care of my kids, do my job, he can't mess with me because he's locked up in the joint. And this kind of thing. So she had obviously solved her problems. She had her man, but you know, she didn't have to put up with him all the time. But the subtext of it is about our society's policy of just warehousing people, so it's a matter of priorities.","In your work as not just a poet but as a teacher, what's your mission?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["The British artist David Hockney is one of the most famous artists in the world. One of his works recently sold for $90 million, smashing the record for a living artist. But he's also led an extraordinary life, breaking barriers as a gay man and defying the expectations of the art world at every turn.","In the new novel, \"The Life Of David Hockney\" (ph), author Catherine Cusset imagines the thoughts, feelings and words of Hockney at pivotal periods in his life to try and puzzle out the man. She joins us now from our studios in New York. Thank you so much for being with us.","Well, thank you for inviting me.","In the forward to this book, you wrote that David Hockney took hold of you, which is why you wrote the novel. Explain what that means."],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["So even among homeowners, we found white people are more likely to get a buyout. So NPR's Robert Benincasa - he's my reporting partner on this project - he got a list of properties that the federal government has bought. There are about 40,00 of them. Robert filed a Freedom of Information Act request. The federal government denied it. NPR sued. Eventually, we won.","So when we got it, Robert took all the ZIP codes associated with the property addresses and linked them to U. S.  census data on demographics. And we found that nationally, sales of flood-damaged homes happened most often in places where the population was more than 85 percent white. Now, for context, the whole country is about 62 percent white.","So that's dramatic. So is the federal government responding to this now that you have seen these numbers and done this investigation?","They are. So we interviewed David Maurstad, who oversees FEMA's buyout program. And he said the program is working if it makes the community less risky, it saves property and if it potentially saves lives. It's not designed to consider demographics. And he points out correctly that they don't actually choose which properties are offered buyouts. That's what local governments do."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Right. So there's one where Kim Kardashian is posing against a pile of sand. She's undressed, very provocative. And then there's you, sort of similarly clad, reclining against gravel (laughter).","Yeah, on a dirt pile. Kim Kardashian on a dirt pile. That's the way people refer to that photo a lot.","Why do you think it's resonated so much?Why do you think people have enjoyed this so much?","Well, first and foremost, I look like an idiot in them, the other person doesn't. And it's not like I'm taking - I don't take paparazzi photos of people or I'll only take what they've posted themselves. And then I look silly in it. So the beginning of it is me looking stupid. And I think people like that. I think people like seeing people make fun of themselves - I do - and just not caring. I think it's nice to see on a platform like Instagram, where it's all about how things are staged. It's nice to see something that is so not."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["Do you have any explanation for that?Can you speculate on why that would be so different?","You know, it's just very curious. They must have - you know, they had time to go hands-on with all of the products that were involved in the case, and so they may have, you know, seen from prior art that they thought that it was very clear that the phones involved stemmed from this iPhone design and - but not so much the tablets.","There were several instances of tablets and tablet patented designs that existed before the iPad. So they may have thought that, you know, Samsung got their ideas from somewhere else.","So what's this going to do to buying a future Samsung or other brand that might - you know, has Apple put the fear in people of copying them now?","We'll have to see. So one of the biggest consequences that could come out of this verdict is that the price of Android devices could go up in the future because now Apple's - this portion of Apple's patent portfolio has been validated by the court system, and Apple can pretty confidently go forward and start suing any other Android hardware manufacturers it thinks are infringing on these patents."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Are Jews in Germany already hiding external markers of religion?","Yes, they have for quite some time. Jews in Germany who wear yarmulkes often wear baseball caps to hide their yarmulkes because there is a feeling of unease. There aren't incidents all the time. And yet, one doesn't want to court that sort of danger. That said, of course, there's a great wish that this doesn't have to be, that one can wear a yarmulke openly. And here on the streets of Berlin, generally, it is no problem. But no one wants to be the person where it is a problem.","Right.","And even - it's not just wearing kippahs. It's also speaking Hebrew, it's wearing Magen David Jewish star necklaces. Any outward sign can be a problem."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Well, the information we're getting, as you said, comes from the UAW. Specifically, it comes from UAW Vice President Terry Dittes, who's been offering up some occasional updates to UAW members. And on Friday, Terry Dittes sent out a letter saying they had made good progress in the talks, and that was a great sign. You know, the strike has dragged on for three weeks, going on the fourth week now. And this was one of the first signs that there had been progress.","But by Sunday, that had completely changed, and Terry Dittes said this time that, in fact, they had taken a step back, and the union could not be more disappointed in GM, and what he explained happened was that there was an offer on the table. UAW responded, made its counter offer, taking into account a bunch of things. And what Terry Dittes said is, on Sunday morning, when GM responded to that latest offer, GM basically didn't respond at all. It just reiterated its previous offer and didn't address anything that the UAW had brought up.","So they seem to be at a stalemate. It seems like things are not going well right now.","OK. So we have the union's version, maybe a little bit less from GM's side. But in any case, no doubt that they don't have a deal and people are still on strike. So what have you seen and heard when you go out and talk to workers?"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["So he infected more than his share, and then there was the other fellow at the hotel who infected more than his share.","It really - your book really made me feel a huge debt of gratitude to people who work in the health care industry because it can be really heroic work, and it seems like they put their life on the line in some cases.","Oh absolutely yeah. Some of the people I spent time with, I document, I describe, I tell stories of their field work. I went with some of them to places like a rooftop in Bangladesh in the middle of the night, the roof of a warehouse where a wonderful scientist named Jon Epstein who works for EcoHealth Alliance, was trapping, again, giant fruit bats to look for a disease, a virus called Nipah.","Now this is not the same NEPA that your previous guest referred to, not the National Environmental Policy Act. This is N-I-P-A-H, named after a village in peninsular Malaysia where this virus was first identified. So Jon Epstein is on the roof of a warehouse in Bangladesh in the middle of the night wearing goggles and welder's gloves and a respirator mask, handling these giant fruit bats that he's catching in a mist net, taking them into a provisional lab, drawing blood samples from them, knowing that the virus is probably there somewhere and that it's a very lethal virus."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Mm-hmm. This is SCIENCE FRIDAY from NPR, talking with Jennifer Linder. You say it's UVA and UVB, make sure you have that in the sun - both - protection from both kinds of ultraviolet.","That is correct. It's actually probably the most important thing for people to remember because you want to have broad-spectrum covered. The reason is you can think of the UVB rays as being the burning rays, and you can think of the UVA rays as being the aging rays, and that's because the UVB rays go into the epidermis, which is where the nucleus is for the keratinocytes, the ones that when the DNA is changed, actually it turns into skin cancer, versus the UVA rays are longer wavelengths. And they actually go - capable of going into the deeper dermis, which is where the collagen is. And when you break down collagen, that's how you age, and probably about 80 to 90 percent of aging is actually a result of sun exposure.","What about the SPF factor?Does SPF 30 protect you twice as much as, say, SPF 15 and half as much as 60?","Great question. So it's - actually the way that the studies are done it's a little bit confusing because an SPF of 15 protects you from 93 percent of UVB rays, and it's only UVBs that SPF actually tells you about. Now, an SPF of 30 is going to protect you from 97 percent of those UVB rays. And when you get up to 50, you're only protecting yourself from 98 percent. So you can notice it's partial percentage points differences. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["Finally, the Senate Judiciary Committee is expected to vote next week on the Brett Kavanaugh nomination to the Supreme Court. There were grave charges this week that surfaced, alleging that Brett Kavanaugh committed a sexual assault during high school. What do we know about this?","According to The New Yorker, a woman who knew Kavanaugh in high school notified her congresswoman, and also Senator Dianne Feinstein, that at a party back in the early '80s, Kavanaugh had held her down and tried to force himself on her. Now Kavanaugh emphatically denies that, and Feinstein didn't bring this up during the confirmation hearings.","The White House suggests this is an eleventh-hour stalling tactic. And yesterday, Chuck Grassley, the Republican chairman of the Judiciary Committee, released a letter signed by 65 women who say they knew Kavanaugh in high school and testifying to his good character.","NPR's Scott Horsley, thanks so much."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["An so he went from - on Sunday on his Facebook page saying, well, I misspoke. I got the wording wrong, which is something he repeated again today.","Yeah. Well, that plus. He's gotten just increasingly - because as the pressure has mounted - and it's been fascinating to watch the responses from the congressmen, from the Republican Party, from Governor Romney and his running mate. As the public outrage on this has mounted, their apologies have become increasingly full-throated so that, as you mentioned, the congressman started out with I misspoke, like that's a little bit of a bizarre concept. Misspeak is when you accidentally picked the wrong word or say President Clinton when you meant President Obama. This was not misspeaking. As I wrote, this was mis-thinking.","And then similarly, you saw Governor Romney. His campaign several hours after this broke managed to choke out a press release comment saying that the governor and Congressman Ryan disagree with this view. And by morning, disagreement had become finding it offensive and unacceptable. So it's sort of a classic political story of how candidates follow the public polls.","And his colleagues - his would-be colleagues in the United States Senate, basically, as you said, throwing him under the bus."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["One of the groups that helped push Trump over the top in Indiana was white evangelicals. The question is now that Kasich and Cruz are out of the race, will Republican evangelical voters coalesce around Trump in the general election?We're joined by Russell Moore. He's the president of the Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention. Thanks so much for joining us.","Good to be with you.","Now, in many ways, Ted Cruz really, I think, bet his campaign on the evangelical vote. He was hoping to capture the vote in many of the early primary states. He certainly was banking on it in Indiana - didn't happen for him. Why wasn't he able to?","Well, I think there are a number of reasons. I think one of the reasons is evangelicals are just as susceptible to trends in the country as the rest of the population. And if you look at the exit polling on evangelicals, you'll find that churchgoing evangelicals, people who actually attend worship services, were much less likely to support Donald Trump than were people who just nominally affiliate themselves with evangelical Christianity."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["He doesn't mash the beans.","OK.","He puts the tahini sauce on the bottom of the bowl.","OK, so that's the No. 1 issue we had is I could not find tahini sauce."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["So let's start with the broad lay of the land. How much money do big donors pour into races generally, and how influential are they?","Big donors can give hundreds of millions of dollars. They can really get into just huge sums of money. And so this year, when you're talking about a mid-term congressional election instead of a presidential election, that money is going to play out across 50 states. It's going to play out across hot Senate races. And it's going to play out in little, mini, pitched battles across House races. And so it has a very different impact than it does in the presidential.","How so?An outsize impact?","In some congressional districts, it can. You know, it takes a lot less money to saturate a House district with ads than it does to tip something in the presidential."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["The one and perhaps most controversial part of the law, the show-me-your-papers, though, that was upheld?","Preliminarily. You know, it was struck down on a preliminary injunction. There's still a lawsuit pending out in Arizona, and the court said for now, we're going to allow this to go forward with a couple understandings. And the understanding is that, yes, if a policeman stops someone in Arizona and, say, they don't have a driver's license, and the officer thinks this person may be here illegally, the officer can then check with the federal immigration authorities and say, do you want us to hold this person, or do you want to come and get this person?","If the federal government says no, that's the end of the matter. Justice Kennedy said this verification process should not result in prolonged detention. So he seemed to say if it's just a check and a notification, that's OK. If it's jailing somebody and holding them because Arizona thinks they're illegal, that's not OK.","And you said preliminarily, so this is clearly not the last word on that."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Harper Lee's longtime friend Wayne Flynt will be delivering the eulogy at her funeral. He joins us on the line from Monroeville. Welcome, Mr.  Flynt, and I'm so sorry for your and I guess all of our loss.","Yeah, I think it's a sort of global loss, given the popularity of the novel across the world.","Can you give us a sense about your friendship with Harper Lee?You have been in very close contact with her in the last years of her life.","That's correct. On average, once a month for the last 10 years since her stroke, we have sat and talked and told stories and exchanged insults. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, it's actually Angel's Night. There was the long myth for a long time that kids were burning down the city. That was never true. It's an opportunity for people to get rid of their stuff to burn it down, whether it was cars or houses. But that has been turned around in a huge way. It was started under former Mayor Dennis Archer, where people by the thousands - volunteers - go out and patrol and make sure that kids are out trick or treating instead of getting in trouble and that adults that know that the night is not for them.","Rochelle, Happy Angel's Night next week, OK.","Thank you so much. I appreciate that, Scott.","Rochelle Riley of the Detroit Free Press joining us from WDET."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["And there was hell to pay. And there was hell to pay, first weeks, then months, then years, then decades. This story did not go away. And, you know, an assassin was hired to go to Tuskegee to kill Booker T.  Washington. He was pursued wherever he went. Theodore Roosevelt was criticized in ways that presidents were not criticized. There were vulgar cartoons of Mrs.  Roosevelt that had never been done before. This was all new territory.","Obviously, the president was criticized but it did not prevent his re-election a couple of years later.","No, it didn't. But there were some interesting spinning sessions that went on among Republicans. One, was to turn the dinner into lunch because it seems that lunch would be a less objectionable meal, and. . .",". . . so the story went that, no, you know, Booker T.  Washington didn't go to the dining room at the White House. He was sitting in the office, and they got hungry and they ordered a tray. And by the time they were finished, there was barely a sandwich on it. And that seemed to make the meal a little more palatable in the South. But - and this persisted for decades actually until finally in the '30s, a journalist asked Mrs.  Roosevelt, was it lunch or was it dinner?And she checked her calendar and she said, it was most definitely dinner."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Now, recent satellite pictures show that they are putting these things back together - the buildings, the rail system, the launch pad. It's not exactly clear when they started. It could have started in mid-February, before the summit. Work could have been going on as recently as over the weekend, after the summit finished.","OK. So the timing of this is a little tricky about whether this is North Korea responding to those summit talks falling apart.","That's right. A couple things to remember. First of all, you know, they can launch missiles from mobile launchers. So this site is not that big a deal. Another thing is that when North Korea made these gestures and said, now, why don't you reciprocate?People were just dismissing these as insignificant concessions. They were saying, you know, North Korea's just trying to hand us their junk. These sites are outdated. They're not worth much. Well, by that token, then people should not be too alarmed about them being reassembled.","OK. So I mean, but we've always talked about that North Korea's nuclear capabilities are, you know, something to be reckoned with. So explain exactly why we're not supposed to be so concerned about this one move."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3,2]}
{"text":["Well, we're looking at, what can we use that $80 million for?And so that's being discussed right now. The - you know, we requested that that this aid come. However, the White House hasn't shared the parameters of this funding with us yet. And so that's what we're working on right now. And whether or not that - those funds have to be used for drinking water or those funds can be actually used for infrastructure.","So you have no idea yet how much or any - how - if you will get any of that $80 million (unintelligible).","Well, we'll get the $80 million. That's not - that's not the issue. The issue is, you know, how can we use it that $80 million?And that's what we're negotiating with the White House today.","My colleague, Ari Shapiro, spoke with the mayor of Flint this week. And she said that the trust between the state and the city has essentially been broken and that residents of Flint have felt abandoned. How do you, as the man tasked with leading this effort to fix this problem, how do you start to rebuild that trust?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["And so where do we go from here?One of the things that happened after the decree was issued is the stock market plunged.","Well, at this point, we'll have to see. I mean, these huge numbers came out tonight. It's unclear if the president will have a new reaction to this, but in their mind, they have to push forward. They're going to get a constitution out even if it does lack some legitimacy internationally and domestically because of what's happened with these decrees, because of the walkouts that have come out.","And a lot of his political opponents, people that were unable, you know, Mohammed Morsi was elected also very - by a very slim margin of the population. So you're seeing former presidential candidates like Amr Moussa, once the foreign minister here, once the head of the Arab League, Mohamed ElBaradei, the Nobel laureate. Those people are really capitalizing on this real anger towards Mohammed Morsi and possibly rejuvenating their political careers. So we'll really have to see. We're seeing a very divided nation, and many people are very worried about what will happen next.","There is, as you mentioned, it is an Islamist victory in those elections, but it was not just the Muslim Brotherhood. A big fraction of that was Salafis, who are even more extreme."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["The highlight, I think, of the BET Awards is, like they said, the BET Awards are great because they have all the celebrities. It's not like the other shows where you sort of go on, who is that?You sort of know who everyone is. But I think, for the BET Awards this year, Al Green was the best person. I mean, he really just, you know, he made you realize, you know, there's nobody out there like him anymore, and. . .","It was fabulous.","He was amazing. And then, Alicia Keys, when she brought, you know TLC and En Vogue and those girls back on stage, it may be felt old, but nonetheless, they were really good, you know, and they sort of was singing these songs that you know, you used to remember when I think music - all generations say this but when music was really good. You know, and who thought I'd say that about TLC, but I was like oh, I miss TLC.","They did \"Waterfalls\" with Alicia Keys."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["(Laughter) They're very egalitarian. They want to win over each other. They have clusters in corners of libraries and gymnasiums. And you have to make a 15 percent threshold. So if you don't get 15 percent of the vote as a candidate, then your supporters have to go to someone else, and that's when it gets hairy in there where people are, you know, trying to make the case for someone to come to their side.","And how does this wind up translating itself to delegates?","It's a very complicated, long and winding process that actually takes months. And none of the results on election night actually translate to the delegates that go to the national convention. They're not bound in any way. In fact, most of this is just for momentum. It's a very small slice of delegates that wind up going to the nominating process. So really, we're talking about Sen.  Sanders, Hillary Clinton trying to gain momentum heading into the next contests.","Let me ask you about the specific party races. According to opinion polls, Mr.  Trump has extended his lead on the Republican side. Does he have an organization to deliver, or is it all (unintelligible)?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["After Kristen's story dropped, there was some conversation in circles for about a week. And then immediately, institutions started deflecting responsibility. People immediately responded with some codes of conduct or some immediate action. But no one really wanted to take a look, listen, understand the extent of this problem.","You are continuing your reporting on this. What has been the reaction from female photographers that you have spoken to?","It's really difficult. I was just at a photo conference a few weeks ago. Two women shared their stories of being raped in the field. I don't think we know the extent of how bad it is. Many women in private rooms are starting to speak about what they've experienced. But they're extremely scared to go on the record because they don't want to be seen as difficult to work with. They want to continue photographing. They want to continue doing the work. There's very few people that can hold our own industry accountable. And that's why I wanted to take Kristen's reporting further and really look at, why can't photojournalism really take a hard look at itself and say, you know what?- we might not have been treating each other fairly, and there might be some consequences for our audience because of that?","In your piece, you write that there are these bigger implications here because, as you say, photography informs how we see the world, literally. And when you have the number of women photojournalists behind the camera getting smaller, what does that mean in your view for how the world is then represented?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Every day - every day there's. . .","Every day.",". . . More coming, absolutely. We average about 220 to 250 a day. And they're saying that that's probably anywhere from six months to 18 to 24 months. We just don't know.","Extraordinary. Chris Brice, the interim assistant manager of Luna County, N. M."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Well, that Times story illustrates a couple of points, one of which it promptly got the Times banned, that edition.","It did. Yes, which is predictable.","Yeah. I think they knew that. And no one's above the law. This guy's family has got $2. 7 billion.","And that's the whole point. It's why that's such a striking quote for someone to say that no one is above the law. The fact of the matter, in China, the Communist Party is above the law. The courts follow what the party says in any sort of politically sensitive case. There is no rule of law. And so how you actually solve this problem is very, very difficult, especially with a party that does not want to share power, that feels that it can police itself. But increasingly, if you talk to ordinary Chinese, they don't feel that way. They do - even by blocking the Times site, most people don't know that story, but they do know the story of many other officials who have done wrong, you know, have done bad things. And so there is, I think, an emerging crisis of confidence in the party, particularly around the issue of corruption."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["Thank you.","Can you tell us about the operation?What did you see when you got to Madaya?","Well, the humanitarian situation there is really, really dire. Already - I was there last time in September 2016, people were already suffering a lot, for example. It was freezing cold in the town, and people were starting, like, to burn their own furniture or blankets because basically there is no fuel in the city, so they were burning their own belongings in order to to keep a little bit warm. But this time when I went, they even people - they were running out of anything to burn.","And speaking about food, take it into consideration that cooking gas is not available in the town. People were putting the rice or the grains that they have for food in a little bit of water and leaving it under the sun for a couple of hours so it can become a little bit tender to be eaten. This is beyond shocking.","Well, what supplies did you bring them to the people?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Right.",". . . Take me as I am. How did people perceive that?","Well, yeah. It's funny to think back. I shaved it all off because I didn't want to be a sex object. And there I was playing in bars, you know, mostly surrounded by men with drinks in their hands. And I was getting attention for not the right reasons. I wanted a different kind of power, I think.","(Singing) I am not a pretty girl. That is not what I do. I ain't no damsel in distress."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["A year or so ago, the world was turned upside down - or part of the world was turned upside down - when we decided that it was it OK to say over ten instead of more than ten. And the internet change has brought a lot of reaction, too. Somebody tweeted, after we announced the change, AP has lowercased internet. Somewhere tonight, galaxies are burning.","(Laughter) And you know what?The AP and NPR will be there to cover them.","Absolutely.","Tom Kent, standards editor of the Associated Press. Thanks so much."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["You mentioned Slate, which is one of the - it's in the corporate umbrella that you are. And there's also - Henry Louis Gates Jr. , he is obviously an academic superstar and a media superstar. He's played a major role in this organization and in popularizing genealogical research.","But how does the magazine try to bring together the news part with the genealogy part, where you have, actually, links to AfricanDNA. com?","Right. The two parts of the site - the site now has two core missions - the magazine and the tools-based part of the site, which is The Root's part of the site. And where it makes sense, there will be a crossover between those two functions. There's an essay that we've got coming in today from someone who's well known, who's doing an essay on researching her family history.","And it's in written form, so it'll run in the magazine. And so that is a direct connection to The Root's part of the site. But I don't think we'll always force the two things to be connected. What I would hope is that people who come to the site for - maybe if we have political junkies who are coming to the site tomorrow to see what our take is on Super Tuesday, that they would come to the site, read a good article and then maybe jump over and try to start building their family tree by the same token."],"speaker":["B","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Well, as we often say in cosmology or theoretical physics, that idea might be crazy enough to be true.","How would it work?","Well, the idea that is talked about in this paper is that there's kind of a parallel universe out there with very similar laws of physics to ours, but it only communicates with our universe by a very feeble interaction. So it's almost invisible. So it could be occupying the same space. But without very sensitive experiments, we cannot perceive that. And this paper talks about such an experiment done at a laboratory in Grenoble, France, where they bottle neutrons. They bottled about a half million neutrons in an ultracold neutron trap, and they monitored them for about five minutes, and they see some of them disappear.","And the idea is that they could be leaking into this parallel universe?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":[". . . can I get you to share the English translation of the poem in hieroglyphics that you wrote?","Absolutely. (Reading) There was a laugh of the Egyptian past that I will be the last to know. I asked my mom, but she didn't know. I asked my mask, but I forgot he wasn't alive.","The thing of it is, Olivier Blanchard, you put those hieroglyphics in that poem in the front of an economics textbook. And, in fact, every line seems to indicate something about economic thought. Or am I just projecting?","I think you're just projecting."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Oh, I think these were real friendships. It is pretty clear that Mr.  Epstein and Mr.  Trump socialized in the same circles. And it is quite clear that Mr.  Clinton spent a lot of time on Jeffrey Epstein's private jet, found his way to Epstein's private island. And that doesn't necessarily mean that anything illegal or improper took place.","But those were friendships. This was not people meeting each other in a greeting line. They spent a certain amount of time together as social acquaintances and friends, and so, for that matter, did many other people. His political contributions have been mostly on the Democratic side, but they tapered off or stopped completely when he found himself in hot water in South Florida.","How did Jeffrey Epstein's political profile influence his prosecution?Are these the questions that are being raised now?","They are being raised now. And I think, rather than it being his political profile, I think it was mostly a case of him having money to burn and having all sorts of resources to throw at a dream team of lawyers who were able to essentially dictate the terms to the U. S.  attorney's office when it appeared that he was going to be charged in a federal indictment. We have seen a number of emails which suggest that what Mr.  Epstein wanted he was able to get from prosecutors."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["I think it does make a difference. Different presidents, Lyndon Johnson and Carter, did a great deal in adding blacks to the - at least, district court bench, not as much on the appellate courts. So, I think it is a little easier. You have one man. If he is dedicated to the idea of having a diverse judiciary, and they're lifetime appointments, you're Article Three judges, so you do have a better chance.","On the state level, it tends to be so local with local prejudices and wants. In Ohio, we were talking about, there's a name game going on. Seats constantly being taken by guys with the same name. And a lot of people, in elected places, don't know who the judges are.","When you have 40 judges on the common pleas court bench, the odds that you don't know who they are, what they represent because they can't say anything really profound in their campaigning other then I will be fair and impartial, you don't know about their background. It's a difficult thing to do.","All of this said, given your experience, what do you think that some African-American judges can bring, first of all, in the courtroom, dealing with people who are accused of crimes, but secondly, among their colleagues."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["And to tell you the truth, I still feel so very, very sorry for that little girl, you know, for her utter helplessness. And that has made me really empathize with children and with situations where human beings become like children in terms of becoming utterly helpless. If anything good came out of that incident, was realizing that you need to empathize with these situations, and you need as much as it is in your power to try and prevent such things happening, not just child molestation, but being put in a position where you have no choice.","I mean, it's interesting that your previous book was ostensibly about the book \"Lolita. \"","Yeah, you're right.","Well, I'm just wondering, I mean, do you see yourself personally in Lolita?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["What do you see unfolding as a result of this election, whether or not Senator Obama wins or Senator McCain wins?Do you think it's going to advance how people think about race and how people deal with it in their own lives?","I think it's very much an open question. I think the risk is of course that if Obama wins, a lot of white folks will want to declare that racism is obviously dead. And that I think would be ridiculously premature. The evidence of institutional and systemic discrimination against millions of people of color is still very obvious in spite of the success of this one man of color. Just as we know that Benazir Bhutto becoming prime minister of Pakistan, not one but twice, didn't mean sexism wasn't a problem in Pakistan. Same thing here, with racism and Obama, we in the culture have got to understand if we want his success up to now to mean anything beyond him, if we want it to mean something in terms of turning the corner and addressing the issues of racism and white privilege and inequality in this country, that's going to be up to us. That's going to require us to get out there and challenge systemic and institutional discrimination in housing, in the job market, in the criminal justice system. And not put all of our eggs in the basket of electoral politics.","Well Tim, great to talk to you. Thanks.","Thank you."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["First give us a little inside baseball on what happened with the Pfizer drug. Did it not clear the plaques?Do we know?Do we know why it failed?","Well, it was a preliminary report regarding the clinical findings, meaning that the memory, the functional changes in these patients with the mild to moderate state of the dementia of Alzheimer's disease, the clinical features did not improve.","What we don't know yet, they haven't announced yet, is whether the drug actually had an impact on the underlying biological process. So there was no clinical improvement, but we're still waiting for data on the biological signal. Did the antibody do what it was supposed to do in the brain?","And it was supposed to clear out the amyloid plaques, correct?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Hey, Mary Louise.","So how serious is this?What else do we know?","We don't really know a lot more. We learned of this in a brief statement from campaign senior adviser Jeff Weaver. He said, as you mentioned in the intro there, that Sanders had felt some chest discomfort last night at a campaign event. And what they also told us is that Sanders had a blockage in one artery. Two stents were inserted. His campaign has really not said a whole lot more than that except that events will be canceled until further notice but that the senator is, quote, \"in good spirits. \"He is resting up for a few days.","Now, I did talk to Steven Nissen today. He's a cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic. He's not the doctor that worked on Sanders, but he just sort of told me what to expect in these cases, what the prognosis is. And pretty much what he told me is this. The way to look at it is that heart disease is, indeed, serious, but this is also a very routine procedure."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Yeah.","You know, again, as you say. . .","Door to door is about it.","And that's about it. And by the time everybody realized the scope of this disaster, it was too late. You could not evacuate people in time. And so it was basically described as an unleashed monster."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Do you think it was a mistake of Robert Mueller not to have subpoenaed the president to sit down for an interview?","I think, according to the report, my understanding is he realized that if he had done that, it would have added two years to this process.","And what if that happened?Do you - would you have been also against the idea of subpoenaing the president to make him testify or interview?","I don't want to second-guess Robert Mueller, but I think he probably made the right call because now at least we can get the report out; otherwise, everything would be in limbo through the next election. I think it's better to have it on the table now. And I'm hoping that my committee - I'm certainly going to urge the leadership of the intelligence committee to call Robert Mueller before our committee in an open session. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well, you hit the nail on the head. A lot of the amateur astronomers who are making these observations are just as skilled as many of the very best professional astronomers. And the only difference between the two is sort of the size of the telescopes that they use.","Yeah.","And a big advance in recent years that has allowed amateur astronomers to observe and record these impacts is digital photography and digital video recording. You know, we can make very sensitive digital video recordings of planets now, and we can capture these impacts when they occur.","Mm-hmm. I'm Ira Flatow, and this is SCIENCE FRIDAY, from NPR, talking with Tony Phillips, astronomer and author of Spaceweather. com. If you want to see the impact on our - go to our website at sciencefriday. com. We have the video up there of the impact. It seems - it's pretty big. I mean, we can see that, right?That flash, you said it was - how many megatons of. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["They have. But I think that there was a difference. The Democrats, for example, voted in overwhelming numbers for the DREAM Act, which was blocked by the Republican Party. A bill was introduced for comprehensive immigration reform. The Democrats voted overwhelmingly for it. It was blocked by the Republicans.","When we say comprehensive immigration reform, what two or three things do you think constitute that?","Well, I think that we need a way for the 11 million people who are in this country to legalize a status and earn their way to citizenship. I think we need to come up with a system where the immigrants of the future can come to this country in a safe, legal and orderly manner, instead of having to walk through the desert and putting their lives in jeopardy.","When crossing the border illegally."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["The way it works is that the public trust will now operate the company and will generate profits, which they anticipate to be between $7 and $8 billion. And those profits will be used to help settle some of the claims. Additionally, if they have any subsidiaries that are non-opioid that they sell, the proceeds from that sale will be used to pay the creditors.","Ah, OK.  Are there other examples of private companies that for one reason or another become public beneficiary trusts?","This is the first one I've seen in my 53 years of bankruptcy practice.","Really?Wow. So why has it been so rare, you think, for something like this to happen - for private companies to be made into a public beneficiary trusts?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["(Singing) I want to go to a place Where every dream of mine comes true. And then I look at the stars And pick out one just for you.","You know, it strikes me that in some ways, this album is more like the singer-songwriters like Jill Scott than your previous work as a group. Who do you listen to?Obviously, you have your own sound, but who do you listen to?","Well, right now I actually haven't been listening to much music. But I have so many influences going back to like the late '70s and '80s. From different gospel artists and R&B, and later on I got into jazz. So it would be so tedious just to say, you know, who my influences are, and who I listen to.","But of the current artists, I love D'Angelo, Anthony Hamilton, I think Jill Scott's fantastic, Alicia Keys, John Legend. There's a lot of independent artists out there that are great too. Eric Robeson. So there's so many fantastic artists, and I would probably say that, like you said, I do kind of have my own sound there, which I'm proud of. I mean, I was able to develop over time in the studio with my husband. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["So there are always lines in invoices - in the case of remains excavations, taking care of the remains, maintaining them, transfer - all of these kind of things. It happens. It exists. In other hostage cases, you would see not necessarily - and I have to distinguish between hostages and political prisoners because Otto Warmbier was a political prisoner, not a hostage.","And the difference being that hostages are held generally by nongovernmental. . .","Correct.",". . . Entities. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["What do you think she'd think of what you've done?","I think she would be amazed. (Laughter) I have had nothing to do with the fashion world, and I don't think I'm known particularly for being fashionable. But in fact, Inga was my mother's name. But it's only afterwards that I realized looking it up that it actually means a hero's daughter. And that's very much how we feel - that this concept is in honor of the heroes in our life. And I hope it brings a great deal of comfort and dignity to others and just break this vicious cycle that patients often find themselves in.","Nikla Lancksweert is the co-founder of the clothing company INGA Wellbeing. Thank you so much for being with us.","Thank you."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Which tells us?","Well, it's 6:30 on a Sunday night. Most of the House members are usually watching \"Sunday Night Football. \"I would not be able to tell you when I last saw the House come into session on a Sunday night. Under any circumstances, they don't meet on Sunday. It's happened, but I can't tell you when it happened last. So this is an extraordinary, unusual circumstance. So that would tend to suggest that somewhere during the day, Speaker Boehner, John Boehner, the leader of the Republicans in the House, where they are the majority, got it in his head that there was going to be something to talk about on Sunday night, whereas there wasn't as of this morning. So perhaps there's something going on. Perhaps the president does have something to talk about with the Senate Republicans. Perhaps it would be something the Senate Republicans could accept and therefore agree not to filibuster. This is crucial.","Right.","If they filibuster, we lose three days, so they have to agree. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["You know, that's a very strange thing. It showed that there is real fear of a reaction. And that now that they are two, whether or not people would start drawing a pattern - that was one of the questions that I sort of asked all the Korean leaders up in the Bay area. And once that question was asked, I think that they sort of saw an angle that I might go towards they didn't like and for the most part they either talked about in a very - and again, in a sort of like academic way about how, you know, like we should focus on class instead of race, or we should talk about people without using any sort of, like, cultural terms, or they were just sort of kick me out.","And what has happened to One Goh?","He is now in Napa State Mental Hospital, he - until he is - can be fit to stand trial. He's been declared unfit to stand trial because of his, you know, he's psychiatrically unable to stand trial at this point. And so he's undergoing compulsory medication to try and get him ready.","And Oikos University, what's happened there, there was something of a decertification."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["European companies and the European Union recognize that the dominance of the dollar in international trading gives the United States very considerable power. And I believe that the Iran episode is going to be a turning point. It will show Russia, China, India, the European Union the value of building up alternative mechanisms for concluding international trade that do not use the dollar in any shape or form.","So I think the United States is set maybe to use their excessive power on this occasion but, over the long term, to lose power. And I think that's right. It should be my country that decides what is lawful trade with any other country not the United States. And the United States' use of its dominance in international trading is totally intolerable when it seeks to place U. S.  law above the law of my country as to what my businessmen can do.","That's Sir Richard Dalton, former British diplomat now president of the British Iranian Chamber of Commerce. Thank you for speaking with ALL THINGS CONSIDERED.","Thank you."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,0,1]}
{"text":["His family life has gotten more attention than maybe he wanted, right?","Well, yeah, sort of. Bill de Blasio's wife, Chirlane McCray, wrote an article way back in the 1970s about why she was a lesbian. And this was considered back in 1979 a little outside the box. And it surfaced again in recent months. And when asked about it, you know, they say, look, we are happily married, we have two adorable kids - here are their pictures - and that's all we have to say about it. And it was a very interesting moment to show the city, really show the world, how the conversation has changed about this. What could have been a career-ending disclosure 20 or 30 years ago wasn't much of a story at all.","And maybe we should note, Christine Quinn is married is to her partner of longstanding.","Yes, indeed. If elected, she would not just be the first woman mayor of New York City, she would be the first openly gay or lesbian official elected citywide in New York's history.","On the Republican side, there is a very strong candidate."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[4]}
{"text":["People go armed with treats and halters, and so they're able to catch them. And, you know, mostly, if you're calm, the horses stay calm.","Horses eat a lot, don't they?How do you care for every one?","Sure thing. Well, many of us were able to grab hay and some supplies as we were evacuating our barn. So we came with food and some items in hand. But the local seed stores have been donating all kinds of hay and shavings and pellets. So we have had, again, tremendous support from the local community, making sure that every horse here is fed.","Can you smell the smoke, see the fire?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["I'm very sad, very sad.","You've been with us from the very, very beginning. Tell us how talking about personal finance has changed since then.","Well, obviously, the biggest change has been the economic - I call it mudslide - that we're going through. When I first began, things were pretty good. I mean, although, at the time, I was trying to tell people, you know, things are good but you always have to prepare for the worst. And obviously, the worse has happened. And over the years, you know, many people have sent in questions and emailed me, and the listeners have just been wonderful. And I think I helped a lot of people. I do hear from people who took the advice and got their lives together, and some people who took the advice and are weathering the economic storm because they were prepared.","And have you changed your advice over the years?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":[". . . in Romania. And he's an 18-year-old who did this pretty much on his own. And this isn't his first project. Before this, he was building jet engines.","And 18-year-old?","Yeah, from the Internet.","Don't try this - well, he tried it at home, I guess."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["But we can also use technology to, you know, warn providers when they're entering orders, for instance. If I'm supposed to be in Mr.  James Smith and entering a complex chemotherapy order, for instance, I'd get an alert saying, are you sure?","Because there was another, you know, Mr.  James Smith on the same ward in the hospital. Are you sure you're entering orders on the right Mr.  James Smith, you know, for instance?","Anything a patient can do to protect him or herself?","With electronic health records has come in a layer of additional transparency for the health care system where patients can access more information electronically than they could ever do before."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3,0]}
{"text":["It's a delight to be back with you, Scott.","Now, is this just another drip in the FIFA scandal or does this suggest that the Justice Department is any closer to sorting all of this out?","Well, the noose is tightening. Similar scenes in Brazil have gone on in Germany. It's kind of like the end of the \"Godfather\" movies where the dominoes are all falling, one by one. Sepp Blatter, the farcical little man who's run FIFA for the past couple of decades - FIFA, the nonprofit of a billion-and-a-half cash reserve. It's a wonderful - they're my favorite kind of nonprofit.","It's the kind of nonprofit NPR should be, but go ahead, yes."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,2]}
{"text":["It's correlated with overt racism, but it's very different, and the difference is that people are unaware of this. They don't want it, very often. They certainly don't endorse it, and it's what clinical psychologists or psychiatrists call a dissociation. It's like two separate things in the head, one egalitarian and open, the other biased.","All right, Dr.  Greenwald, thank you very much.","Thank you, Ira.","Tony Greenwald, psychologist, professor of psychology at the University of Washington. We're going to take a break, and afterwards we're going to come back and ask the candidates in a science debate - what would you ask them about science?Stay with us. We'll be right back. I'm Ira Flatow. This is SCIENCE FRIDAY from NPR."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["First was a story of tremendous heartbreak, tremendous disappointment of people who had, in many cases, been displaced for many years during the country's long civil war, who had returned home to South Sudan only to find a few years later that they were being displaced again. That feeling of being uprooted when they had expected to be settled once and for all back home was really palpable and really so tragic and heartbreaking to see.","But at the same time, I also saw a story of incredible resilience and strength, people who after having walked in many cases for days or weeks to arrive in Uganda were setting about constructing their own homes, beginning to plant the small fields that are allocated around their homes. It's just, I think, an incredible testament to the resilience of the South Sudanese people.","When we think of refugee crises, of course, we often envision refugee camps, but tell us about the plots of land that refugees receive in Uganda.","Well, unlike a lot of the refugee camps around the world, where where my organization, Oxfam, works, people in Uganda and the refugee settlement model they have are actually spread out in agricultural settlements, where they are granted in the case of Uganda plots of land 30 by 30 meters or 50 by 50 meters. And that's so they can plant some of the crops that they are accustomed to from home, things like corn, beans."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, let's talk about kind of the overview. So the goal of the ACA was to help the 37 million uninsured out there. And, yes, uninsurance rates have gone down dramatically or at historic lows. But I think a lot of things were unforeseen.","And the way some of the regulations were implemented are actually harming rural America and not fulfilling the ultimate goals of the ACA. And what I mean by that is half of those 37 million - the goal was to expand Medicaid and get those folks into a Medicaid program. We know that a lot of states have taken the Supreme Court up on its option of opting out of Medicaid. That has predominantly hurt rural America.","In fact, if you're a rural state, if you're a poor state, more likely than not, you have not expanded Medicaid. So we're seeing millions of folks left behind at that. Our concern is that since the ACA was passed, we've had an escalation of rural hospitals close. We've had 80 rural hospitals close since 2010. If this rate continues, in less than 10 years' time, we're going to have 25 percent of rural hospitals close within less than a decade.","Do you have any concern about the Congress repealing the Affordable Care Act - what's called Obamacare - without a replacement?"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["Well, certainly, his support for the military. We just passed the National Defense Authorization Act named in his honor. We did that every year. There are not many pieces of legislation these days that we're able to do. And that one is something we did every year at the insistence of John McCain. One of the last pieces of legislation that we did even after that was one that I sponsored with him for veterans courts - to make sure that we have adequate resources for veterans courts around the country. So his work for veterans was really important to him.","Sure. He's known as a man who had a powerful temper but also a powerful sense of humor. And I wonder if there are moments of that that really are jumping out at you today.","A lot of them. I remember - and I wrote in the piece about a time when I was in the House of Representatives. I had challenged some parochial spending projects and was receiving a lot of grief at home, a lot of vitriol from local elected officials and newspaper editorials. I was on a flight back to Arizona with John, and he worked his way back to where I was with a stern look on his face and put his finger in my chest. And I thought, oh, no he's going to let me have it, too. And he pointed at me, and he said, don't back down. He said, you were in the right, and they will come around. And it was all I needed to hear. It was just reassurance. But yeah, he did have a temper. He was certainly passionate, but he was quick to forgive.","Briefly, in. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["There are several photographs of Wolfert in the book wearing an apron. What's written on the apron is - keep calm and follow the recipe. Now, she is known for being able to remember recipes in great detail and tasting something and knowing what's in it. You make the recipes in the book very detailed with very clear instructions and accurate measurements - more detailed than her books were, as I recall. Why'd you do that?","Her cookbooks assume a high degree of cooking experience. Her biggest audience were professional chefs. And she basically wrote her books for them. I wanted to let anybody cook these. Obviously, couscous is one of the most difficult recipes in the book. We chose most of her most accessible recipes so that you could discover the wonderful flavors of pomegranate molasses or sumac. Or - we wanted everyone to be able to enjoy the incredible layered and truly unforgettable flavors of the best Paula Wolfert recipes.","Well, let's get back to our country and this weekend. This is the Thanksgiving holiday. So I'm going to ask you for a recommendation for a post-Thanksgiving antidote.","Absolutely. The cracked green olive relish, which is from southeastern Turkey, is a terrific palate cleanser. And it uses wonderful fall foods like pomegranate seeds. And you just want to be careful making it because you'll never want to stop making it. It's so good."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["And if you get. . .",". . . That may have been repeated in the media.","If you get 10 lawyers in a room, you're going to have 12 different opinions.","Do you want to see Robert Mueller testify before Congress?","You know, there are some that would like to see him come and testify. I think most people say, look; the report is filed. What more are you going to learn?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[4]}
{"text":["The tragedy in Burma is it's just hard for us to comprehend. It is true that the current projections are that the numbers will rise significantly. I've heard numbers as high as 50,000 people being killed. So it's something that just automatically pulls at the heartstrings.","And you know, Farai, scientists have discovered that human beings are actually wired to be altruistic, so it's a part of our DNA. It's natural for us to want to give. We see a crisis, we want to give. And so I think it's really important to acknowledge that, and to really encourage people to give. It can. The giving, overwhelming giving for a major public emergency like this can have a negative impact on other parts of the world. We've seen it in the past.","For example, when the tsunami hit Asia, several years ago, where a quarter of a million people lost their lives, you saw relief and development organizations flooded with donations. OxFam UK, at a certain point, actually had to refuse donations because they no longer had the capacity to actually program funds. So what I would actually advocate for those that are really interested in making contributions, is to give responsibly. To really look at those organizations that you are interested in making a contribution to, and making your donation in flexible kinds of ways. . .","So, for general support as opposed to necessarily for one thing."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,0,2]}
{"text":["Yes, absolutely. It's an era that began shortly after the Civil War, when Congress, in order to allow the former Confederate states back into the Union, insisted that they hold constitutional conventions which would make it possible for black men to vote. And so that caused a kind of electoral revolution in the south. You suddenly had blacks not only voting, something that they were very enthusiastic about, but also electing black officials for the first time. So you had the beginning of a series of about 20 black congressmen who came to Washington from the south and served through - in the end of reconstruction in the late 1870s and then, as you mentioned, all the way up to George White, the very end of the century.","Now, you write about the first seven black members of Congress. What did they have in common beside their race?For example, they weren't all former slaves, were they?","The one thing that I think they had in common was that they all were very exceptional people. Some of them had been slaves. Some had been free blacks. What they had in common was a kind of a, you know, sort of ambition to lead and to serve.","Of these early black politicians, who stands out for you and why?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["And there is a correlation between dogfighting rings and other crimes, perhaps?","Oh, my God, yes. You know, if you've got dogfighting and gambling, you got just about any type of crime that goes with it. It - and that's what people are more aware of.","What is the line, as research has established it, between people who abuse animals and violence against other human beings?","Well, the research is very clear. And it's been there for a long time, as I said earlier. Law enforcement just hasn't got it yet, even though some have. Some agencies do a very good job. It's growing. If you look back at Son of Sam and Dahmer and. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3,3]}
{"text":["Given the scale of what's happened in terms of tens of thousands killed, given the escalating partisan-sectarian nature of this conflict, do you hold out much hope that diplomacy can play a constructive role?","Well, diplomacy doesn't always work. And believe me, I could testify to that. I dealt with the North Koreans for four years. And even the Serb\/Kosovo issue didn't actually end with a diplomatic agreement, although we would not have gotten the Europeans on board for NATO action, had we not gone through the diplomatic process. But I would say the hope of getting a diplomatic agreement in Syria is certainly probably greater than getting a military victory of one side or the other.","Plus, even if you get a military victory, you still have the same problems of what this thing is going to look like after someone claims victory. So I think we do need to give this our best shot, get everyone who wants to see a solution in Syria together. And if the net result of this has been to somehow improve U. S. -Russian ties, which could use a couple of upticks, so be it.","I mean, that was certainly the upshot of the - of our North Korean negotiations. We didn't dissuade them from nuclear programs. But we sure as heck got the U. S.  and China on the same page. And, you know, sometimes things take a lot time in diplomacy. But I think we're seeing some of the benefits of that now several years later.","Ambassador Hill, thanks very much."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["That's right. Rand Paul inherits a tremendous base from his father Ron Paul, but also that ceiling that you're referring to, which is largely foreign policy. Ron Paul always had great buzz. He really did. And he had some fundraising and disappointing vote totals. His persona was never enough to really attract people. And Rand Paul brings a kind of youthful freshness to libertarianism that his father never did.","Jeb Bush resigned from more corporate boards recently than most of us have chopping boards in our kitchen. Is there a chance he won't run for president now?","Not anymore. He's cleared his decks. As you mentioned, he's gotten a lot of financial stuff out of the way, old emails from his time in public office. The fundraising operations he's created are a clear sign, also, the team he's assembling, the social media presence. Four years ago, he said he had family issues that kept him from running. And now perhaps he feels he's resolved those. But whether he has or not, he is running.","A question I wouldn't have projected even a few weeks ago - is there any more room for Chris Christie?And should he have stayed home and watched that Cowboys-Lions game?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["It did. There's no doubt that people said, look, it's kind of like the Oklahoma land rush. We're going to rush out over the human genome, stake our claims, have patent protection. It gives us an incentive to go out there and look through the vast number of genes that make up us and figure out whether we can find disease correlations and so on. That said, that was kind of the old model, Scott. The newer way to go at this is to change those genes - try to insert a gene, alter a gene.","This is the synthetic material.","That's the synthetic side. And that's where the action is now. It's not, you know, the companies that were out there doing what I'm calling the turf grabs across the genome, in a way I think their work is over and the action is going to be on the synthetic side.","Which I think to repeat - what we said when introducing you - that's legally fine, right?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["And then they also passed another thing that actually goes into effect immediately, which is the expansion of this committee that would be empowered to make inquiries into churches' handling of abuse as well as some other things. Those - that committee could then refer their inquiries and responses to the executive committee, which then could decide whether or not the - or the church is in what's called friendly cooperation with the broader conventions.","OK, so two fairly significant-sounding changes - and when you say they passed overwhelmingly, give me some sense of the numbers.","At least two-thirds of the people there.","What was the reaction like in the room as people understood that that's what was happening, that these changes were being voted through?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Yes.","And how do you guys work?For example, on a song \"Don't Forget the Ghetto. \"How did you guys combine your talents to make that song?","Well, on that particular song, I mean, the song was already written. The lyrics and the melody, you know, was already there. In that sort of situation, Victor will listen to what I'm singing, and how I'm singing it, and the he will kind of start vibing off that, and start kind of coloring the lyrics and the melody of the song, and put in his, kind of, creative input into it. So that's really how that song came about. It was very much his song, and, you know, the melody's already there, and then Victor just kind of did his thing around it.","What's the song about?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Unidentified Children's Choir: (Singing) They don't teach us the ABCs We play on the hard concrete All we got is life on the streets All we got is life on the streets","(Singing) Rock, you know my era B-boy seasoning, salt-n-pepa Grown and sexy, come with the extra Crushed up linen, fly like Cessna\u2026","Mr.  K'NAAN: I have so many different influences and inspirations and I feel like there's never a reason to disguise those influences. I think \"ABC's\" is just like a classic K'naan song in the sense that it gives you the conflict of, should I dance or should I think, you know.","Does suffering make for more realistic rap lyrics and provide more credibility the more you suffer?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["This is Day to Day from NPR News. I'm Alex Cohen. Today, federal marshals continued their search for a 38-year-old man from Indiana. They believe Marcus Schrenker faked a distress call while flying his single engine plane over Alabama shortly before he parachuted out of it. The plane later crashed in a swamp 200 miles away in Florida.","Schrenker is an investment manager, and it appears he was in some financial difficulty. With more now, we're joined by business reporter Jeff Swiatek, who joins us from the newsroom of the Indianapolis Star. Jeff, welcome to the program. And could you tell us why federal marshals are assuming this distress call was fake?","Well, I guess all the evidence seems to point that way. His distress call mentioned an imploded windscreen on his airplane. When they scrambled some military jets to check out the plane, the windshield was still intact, and the wreckage on the ground also indicates the windshield is intact.","So Schrenker parachutes out of this plane. Do they know where he went after that?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["I don't think so. Like I told you earlier, you know, what I see on the ground is the agents going out of their ways, you know, in rescuing these people. It's a shame to shadow that heroism with the social media.","Do you worry about the mental health of Border Patrol agents?Do you worry about people who are just sick, tired, fed up, overwhelmed?Are you seeing evidence in Customs and Border Protection that people are burning out?","We've heard people talking that they were - they are burning out. There's agents talking about how they have to call in sick more regularly than before.","Why?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Yes. So, given the fact that I had been able to, you know, prove myself under harsh circumstances, prove my judgment, my composure, my, you know, warrior spirit, if you will, despite all this and despite the medals that came and the valor devices and everything - you know, there's a position called a combat controller. And the officer version of that is a special tactics officer. It would have been right up my alley. Despite everything that I had just proven, I was barred from even applying for that job.","Major Hegar, I got to ask you a couple of questions. I want it understood they in no way question your valor, your physical, mental or emotional capabilities. But, you know, the U. S.  Marine Corps, for example, has a 12-week course for officers that's a prerequisite for leaving infantry units. And the first two women who tried to make it through that course last year didn't.","Right.","Do you think standards should in any way be changed so that you get more equal numbers of men and women?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Thank you.","Why do you think more teens are identifying as transgender or gender nonconforming?","Well, I think there's been a long history of advocacy and fighting for that visibility. And there's more media attention and celebrities coming out. That has increased visibility. And with more schools having more GSAs and clubs, it gives youth a chance to feel like they can talk about their gender exploration and live more like their authentic self.","To what extent do you see this study as a reflection of teens feeling more comfortable in diverse gender identities versus teens sort of experimenting with their identities and how they describe themselves?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3]}
{"text":["So tell me - is it something special when these holidays overlap?They are generally close, but not like this year where they're just - one is right on top of the other one.","That's right. They don't always overlap for reasons that have to do with oddities in astronomical calculations than anything else because they actually share a common history. And I think that it is special when they overlap because Christians are certainly able to see more readily how the roots of their Easter celebrations are intimately connected with the celebration of Passover. And perhaps Jews also see the sense of affinity that they have with their Christian neighbors and perhaps find other ways in which their own celebrations are illuminated.","You know, one of the things that is said every year at the Seder that I go to is that the last supper was a seder.","That's absolutely right. We can't be sure that it was a seder quite like those that are more familiar from recent times because, in fact, strange as it may seem, the stories of the Last Supper are among the oldest evidence we have for anybody celebrating a seder. And yet they don't include some of those lovely details that are familiar to so many - the series of cups of wine or all the special foods or the questions that are asked. But it's absolutely true that the bulk of the earliest Christian material identifies the Last Supper as a meal celebrated at Passover by Jesus with His disciples, even though they're a bit short on the ritual detail."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Yeah, indeed. Tell us about the damage from the storm. And were people prepared?","You know, people had evacuated low-lying coastal areas that are prone to flooding and that were in danger of a storm surge that would come from a hurricane like this. So people were prepared. But it looks like the main issue is going to be flooding. Here in downtown Mobile, some streets are underwater. South of here in some neighborhoods, there were some high-water rescues overnight - people who lived along waterways stranded in their homes where there are floodwaters.","And as you mentioned earlier, like, something - like, more, than 100,000 people out of power. And this is over a wide area - Mississippi, Alabama and then the Florida Panhandle, as well. So now it's time to sort of see what the damage is and what's next. And this storm is still moving. So there are going to be impacts felt for the rest of the day.","Just briefly - we have about 30 seconds left - are there enough resources to cope with all these disasters?It's been such an intense hurricane season."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["Exactly so. Dopamine, the opiates, these are the chemicals of pleasure and addiction.","So, some people have questioned whether or not there really can be something like technology addiction. What makes you so sure that there is?","Well, there are certain signs and symptoms. All addictions have certain patterns. They - it really involves somebody being able to feel high from engaging in the activity, beginning to lose control over that, and find themselves really behaving in a compulsive way with it, and going into withdrawal when they are not able to engage in that, and then engaging in the behavior in spite of negative consequences. So, that general pattern holds for all addictions, and it holds very much so for these high-tech addictions as well.","Let's talk about the whole idea of withdrawal, because if you have a chemical addiction, withdrawal, you know, for example, from heroin can include things like sweats and, you know, body aches and all sorts of physical symptoms, but what do you really mean by withdrawal from technology?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["The majority of the Secret Service agents were very acceptable of me coming in to the White House detail. There were only a few who were dead-set against any integration policies or equal-opportunity policies that were being enforced by President Kennedy, giving equal opportunity to all people, regardless of race, religion, color or ethnic background.","And I think that President Kennedy was serious, and he was doing these things not for a political purpose, but because he felt it in his heart that America could be a much better place if we didn't have all of these divisions and restrictions on people of ethnic backgrounds and minorities.","So now I foresaw that the weaknesses in the protection on President Kennedy would allow his assassination if any serious attempt would be made against his life, and I did everything in my power to stem that threat against our young president.","What threats did you hear against the president's life and when?"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Yeah. Let's move back into the beltway for a moment. How are Republican lawmakers responding?They've got their own business to focus on right now, and this Comey story can't help.","No. In private, they are really gnashing their teeth. Some of them worry about Trump's stability. They - off the record, they'll call him prickly and emotional and undisciplined. They feel that everything he did this week is hurting their ability to focus on health care and taxes and the economy and jobs. They're worried that it's going to depress Republican candidate recruitment and help Democrats. But - this is important - publicly, they are standing with him. And only a small handful of Republicans have come out in support of a special prosecutor or a select committee to look into Russian meddling.","All right, there's no disputing that the FBI director serves at the pleasure of the president. So if this isn't a legal issue, the dismissal of Comey, then what is it?","Well, that's right. Legally, President Trump has the right to fire the FBI director for any reason or no reason at all. Whether this amounts to obstruction of justice is not clear. But there is a reason that, although there is no law requiring this, presidents have always upheld the norm of making sure that federal law enforcement is supposed to be independent. And that's why the FBI director gets a 10-year term. That's why presidents usually take care not to give even the appearance of interference in an FBI investigation, especially one relating to their own campaign."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Good to be with you.","This last Republican debate may have been the most contentious, at least between the candidates and the questioners. What do you see as the immediate fallout?","Immediate fallout would be Jeb Bush's problem. He needed a revival, and he wound up looking worse than he had in the first two debates and out on the stump as well. The memorable punches in these debates tend to be counter punches. And Bush went after his one-time protege, Marco Rubio, and Rubio came back smart, fast, tough and got a highlight moment out of it, just one of several for Rubio, by the way.","Now, at the same time, nobody's cast a single vote yet. Jeb Bush is sitting on a lot of money, and, of course, he has a name that's instantly recognizable. Is there really talk that this could be the end of his candidacy?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["At the Melbourne Zoo, the monkeys are no longer allowed to eat bananas. And the pandas are getting pellets instead of plums. In fact, fruit has been phased out completely. That's because the fruit that humans have selectively bred over the years has become so full of sugar the zoo's fruitarian animals were becoming obese and losing teeth. So how did fruit get so sugary?And what does that mean for us humans?We're putting those questions to food writer and author Frederick Kaufman, who joins us now. Welcome to the program.","Oh. Hi. How are you?","I'm great. Thanks. So how has fruit changed since humans intervened in this process?","Well, listen. Since about 10,000 years ago in the origin of agriculture, human beings have been messing around with the sex life of plants. What you're looking at is natural varieties, which are puny, which are tasteless, which have no smell. And the farmers were like, we can do better than this. And they started crossbreeding almost from the get-go."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["That's the idea. With the blue ASU, the Army tried to - it was kind of supposed to be a throwback to the Civil War or to the Revolutionary War when soldiers wore navy-blue jackets. But it wasn't and hasn't been very recognizable to the public. Everyone knows what a Marine looks like. You know what a sailor looks like. Officers wear those nice dress whites. But that ASU wasn't as recognizable. And I think part of the idea behind this is that people have seen movies. They recognize what a World War II-era soldier looked like. And so there's a lot of - yes - public admiration for seeing the guy in the olive-drab suit.","And when are they going to make the decision?","There's supposed to be a decision this spring - so within the next few months. I think, though, the last bit of it is the sergeant major and a couple of models that he has who are wearing prototypes have been going around to events, going to Capitol Hill, getting, you know, Congress and the lawmakers to sign off, to give their stamp of approval and then, in the next couple of months, make a final decision about mass-producing it.","Meghann Myers of the Army Times, thanks so much."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["It could be any number of things, Scott. It - there was a sidebar that, as you know, was sealed. In other words, the conversation was not made public. Could be something related to a witness scheduling issue. It could be something related to an issue that the government and the defense jointly need to work out. Could be any number of things.","I raise this because, of course, the judge has gotten a lot of attention for being tough on the prosecution. He even apologized for being too sharp. You've appeared before Judge Ellis.","Many times.","Is he crankery and colorful, or does he cross the line?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["OK. So in a statement, the police lieutenant said that the investigation showed that the only true victim in this was the unborn baby. Is it common to see prosecutions of women for the unintentional death of fetuses that they are carrying?","It's becoming more and more common since the late 1980s, early 1990s, when prosecutors began to charge women for crimes for using drugs during pregnancy. That has spread out to include prosecutions of women who commit all sorts of conduct during pregnancy that harms a fetus. It's included attempting suicide. It's included driving drunk. It's included botching self-induced abortions. And many of us are saying it's gotten to a point where pregnancy itself is being criminalized because so many things that someone does while pregnant can be the basis of a criminal prosecution.","I was just trying to understand, like, what is the legal theory here at work?Is it that women who are pregnant have a higher duty to care?","It's that argument, and it's also the argument that the fetus is equivalent of a child, and therefore, all the laws that protect a child from parental maltreatment would apply to a fetus as well. I should mention most of these cases involve mothers who fail to protect their children from harm, including, in many cases, mothers who are themselves victims of domestic violence and then get charged with crimes for failing to protect their already-born children."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["No, I didn't think they were racially motivated. They were just wrong. The president actually was referring to my opposition to the war in Iraq and suggesting somehow that I have not consistently opposed the war in Iraq.","Everybody who's looked at my track record knows that from 2002, when I made a speech in front of 3,000 people saying the war in Iraq was a mistake. Until today, I have consistently been opposed to this war.","And so the president, I think, was massaging the truth a little bit, and that's part of sort of standard Washington politics. But I think, at this point, you know, we're - we just want to move forward and make sure that we are talking about the issues that people are struggling with and particularly in economy right now that is teetering on the edge of recession.","That was Illinois Senator Barack Obama."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["We're talking with Henry Petroski, author of \"To Forgive Design: Understanding Failure. \"And I got a minute before the break. Henry, tell us why after two decades of book writing, you made - you wrote a sequel \"To Engineer is Human. \"This is \"To Forgive Design. \"","Well, the first book I concentrated on mechanical reasons why things fail. In this book, I wanted to concentrate on larger questions of systems. Everything is embedded in a system, and that system includes these people who - some of whom are not the best of actors. So I wanted to tell that story. A knee-jerk reaction is when a plane has an accident or something happens, oh, it was a bad design. That's not always true. In fact, in more cases than not, it turns out not to be true. It turns out that the operators or the inspectors or some person involved wasn't. . .","All right.",". . . holding up his end of the deal.","We'll talk about more stuff from his book \"To Forgive Design: Understanding Failure\" with Henry Petroski. Our number, 1-800-989-8255. You can tweet us, @scifri. Stay with us. We'll be right back. I'm Ira Flatow. This is SCIENCE FRIDAY from NPR."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["In Brazil, at least 55 prison inmates are dead - strangled or stabbed after fights broke out in four different prisons over the weekend. Officials blame gang violence and say they're transferring some of these inmates to other prisons. Reporter Catherine Osborn is on the line from Rio.","Good morning, Catherine.","Morning.","So what is going on with these gangs in Brazilian prisons?This is a lot of people dead.","Yeah. Many drug gangs that operate outside of jails in Brazil in activities like drug trafficking and extortion operate and recruit from inside of the jails. And they're so powerful inside the prisons that, right after arriving, people join the gangs to get some small amount of protection. Prisons have even earned the nickname schools of crime in Brazil."],"speaker":["B","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[4,4]}
{"text":["Well, and how does Barack Obama come out of all this?","If you read the charges, he comes out shining. He and his aides would not play at all with the governor. In fact, it drove the governor to distraction, and he created these fountains of profanity when he thought about what President-elect Obama was willing to give him for the Senate seat, which is to say nothing. And so he was quite angry that he wasn't getting anything out of the Obama camp.","When President-elect Obama was asked about this, though, his answer was not that nourishing. He said that he didn't know anything that was going on. That's excessively vague. His good friend, Valerie Jarrett, was up for the post. He appeared to be pushing her. So it's hard to believe that he would know nothing about that.","There was a little confusion also about whether he had talked to Blagojevich about his successor. David Axelrod, a top strategist for Obama, had at one point said that the two had talked. It then came out that Axelrod said he was mistaken. They had not talked. So we know the two never talked about it, but still open is the question of what exactly Obama knew about this pay-for-play scheme that Blagojevich was running."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["You've been raising questions about Jared Kushner's security clearance for a couple of years. Should he have one?","No. He should not - well, he should not have top-secret security clearance. You know, there are at least three problems - one is that he had numerous errors and omissions on his initial security clearance form where he did not report foreign contacts. Two, he has tremendous financial vulnerabilities, including this property called 666 Fifth Avenue in New York City where he's tremendously indebted. And he's seeking investment from all over the world to shore it up. And then three, it appears that the president concealed the fact that he had actually ordered John Kelly and Don McGahn to give Jared Kushner a top-secret clearance. And law enforcement officials didn't want him to have it. And so these factors all point to him not having it or not - he should not have it, I should say.","Quick last question. Do people in Schaumburg, Ill.  - in your district - care about whether Donald Trump lied about paying hush money to an actress or the job he's doing as president?","I think they really care about making sure that we get to the bottom of what happened in 2016. At the same time, they also care about us delivering on their pocketbook priorities. And so as Chairman Cummings pointed out in the Oversight hearing, this hearing with Michael Cohen was not the first hearing of the 116th Congress in Oversight. The first hearing was about trying to tackle the problem of rising prescription drug prices. And so we got to walk and chew gum at the same time, Scott."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Yeah, it's light and it's very dark at the same time, yeah.","Well, that's what you go for or what?","Yeah, you got to have a little bit of - a little bit of an edge, I think.","You have a woman in a classical gown looking out over the sea coast in the moonlight holding a lantern. The caption - night after night she watches the sea, longing for her husband's departure (laughter)."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3,1,2,3]}
{"text":["So what was the content posted in The Donald that led to this action?","Well, it's hard to say, I suppose would be the answer to that, because the Reddit staff are opaque a lot of the time and what actions they take and why. The best guess we have is that a few days ago, there were several posts and comments on that subreddit that were - seemed to be calling for violent action against public officials in the U. S.  state of Oregon - this in response to the Republican walkout over House Bill 2020 in that state, the Climate Change Act, that has caused the Republican delegation to flee the state rather than vote. There were posts - calling for things like taking up arms, flooding into the state of Oregon, defending these people with violence and going after public officials with violence.","I think many people will be familiar with Reddit because they're interested in, you know, cat videos and things of that sort. But other people are aware that Reddit has come up a lot in the conversation around the spread of white supremacy and other extremist ideas. I mean, why is that?","I think that Reddit would have trouble dealing with these issues more than other social media sites would because of that focus on designing the site to center it around an idea or a group of people rather than an individual. That's a change that allows people with common interests to come together and discuss, advocate and act on those interests more easily than they might be able to in other places. And, again, on Reddit, they can also often do so anonymously."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well, I think so. Among Republicans here in Utah, there are a variety of different flavors of Republicanism. And I think there are non-Mormon Republicans in the state who expressed concern about his readiness for office and some of the other statements that he made, in the same way that many other Republicans around the country have expressed concern.","At the same time, Hillary Clinton, the Democratic nominee, seems to have made a real specific and concrete direct appeal to Utah voters, hasn't she?","I think that's right. She published an op-ed in The Deseret News referencing LDS Church history and talking in ways that would have resonated with many Mormons or at least the language would resonate. Whether or not people who have come to some judgments, rightly or wrongly, about Hillary Clinton will ultimately be swayed by that is another question. But there's no question that Hillary Clinton or her campaign are reaching out to Mormons in a way that is different from what we've seen from Democratic candidates in the past.","Any sign of increased support or at least interest in third-party candidates?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Then I opened the door, and there were those four officers there. They raided my apartment. They went through every single thing I had. They were going through my WhatsApp messages for hours and hours. They also brought in some other equipment that they said was used for a sweep. It was a bizarre-looking apparatus that shot out a laser. And they pointed it at my walls and at the air conditioning unit. And they said they were looking for spying equipment.","And you were taken into custody. And you were interrogated. What happened?","I was. They took me to their headquarters just a few miles away. They put, like, a ski mask over my face. Then I was finally in a room and a chair. They would periodically come in and sort of prod me and have questions for me about my contacts in Venezuela, contacts with the military, the people who work with me or also just needing the password to my computer. Also, generally, just - they gave me a very long lecture about how I was supposedly a mercenary journalist.","What do you think this was about?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["And now, the EU countries, they're following suit on this.","That's right. I mean, you tend to sort of run out of superlatives these days. Indeed, when we look at the figures that are being available on the continent, Germany has approved a package of up to $680 billion, the French $500. The Spanish have set aside $130 billion.","Again, this sort of two-fold plan guaranteeing lending between banks, and taking stakes in financial institutions, similar to the United Kingdom. And again, Gordon Brown is getting a lot of kudos for being upfront, and right in front of the curve for doing this first.","Any sign that lending is indeed going on?Can people borrow?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Is it important to the grassroots to have that still?","Absolutely. I mean, fiscal responsibility is still a measure of what I would call conservative values. The problem is we just don't seem to see the Congress expressing those values any longer. The CBO and the GAO have both said that this kind of spending cannot be sustained. And what can't continue won't continue. So it's irresponsible for us not to deal with the spending issue.","Mark Meckler is the president of Citizens for Self-Governance. Thank you so very much.","Thanks for having me, Lulu. I appreciate it."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3,0]}
{"text":["Yeah. And that took a lot out of my legs. I was pretty fatigued by the end of the game, and I'm feeling it today.","And do - I bet you are a little tired.","But at - towards the end of the game, where you aware of the record?And where you aware you'd broken it?","I wasn't aware, actually. I think I was just so tired and so focused on scoring the basketball. There's a stretch late in the second half where I think I hit seven or eight consecutive threes, and I knew something special was going on after that."],"speaker":["A","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3,3]}
{"text":["Well, that's how your muscles grow. And in this case, what we found was with the exercise, after very strenuous exercise of 20 minutes, we found a disappearance of the chemical tags from the DNA. And what this means is that it allowed other proteins' transcription factors to access the DNA, and this could instruct the cell to make specialized proteins that could support growth and metabolism.","Wow. Does it also explain why you lose your muscle tone if you don't exercise?","Well, we actually - we didn't study that.","Yeah."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["So we just had midterm elections, as you know, and people really said health care is an important issue to them. And, you know, that's not a surprise. But lots of Republicans were running ads during this midterm, saying that they were the ones who are going to protect people's health care and, specifically, protect people with pre-existing conditions, which is one of those more sensitive issues around the Affordable Care Act. People want to make sure that if they're sick, they can get insurance.","But in this lawsuit, these Republican attorneys general specifically argue that the pre-existing condition protections had to be struck down when that mandate went away. So now you have Republicans sort of trying to play both sides, which is going to be difficult.","And then there's one other point that, you know, I think a lawyer made to me last night. Congress, in 2017, voted multiple times on whether to repeal the Affordable Care Act, and they didn't do it. And now this judge has gone in and done it by himself. And one lawyer called this a breathtaking act of judicial activism.","In the end, if the Affordable Care Act goes away, if it's abolished, what can we expect to happen?"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Absolutely. They may, you know, be with someone, or as they play cards with other decks of playing cards, people talk, you know?We all - we all kind of fill that space. And so hopefully maybe some information that they've heard could prove valuable in cases as we work towards resolution.","How many cold cases do you have there on the books in Colorado?",">>SIMKINS Here in Colorado we have nearly 1,600 cases total. And when we identify a cold case, we are calling any unresolved homicide that is more than three years from the commission of crime a cold case. We're also including any long-term missing person cases and any unidentified remains.","There are only 52 cards in a deck of cards. So how do you decide which case makes the deck?"],"speaker":["A","B","B","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3,0]}
{"text":["Right (laughter).","But you saw her in the kitchen all the time.","Oh, yes. Yes, we had a good time. I mean, I met Julia in 1960. Helen McCullough was the food editor of \"House Beautiful. \"She said, I have that manuscript here. Can you look at it, of French cooking?What do you think of it?And I say, well I think it's very good. And she said, well, the woman is from California. She's coming to New York next week. Let's cook for her.","It's a big, tall woman with a terrible voice. And of course, that was Julia."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["From NPR News, this is NEWS AND NOTES. I'm Tony Cox. We begin today with some important economic news. Last week for the very first time oil jumped past the $100 a barrel mark. Since then prices have dropped but only slightly. And now there's more news of instability in the Middle East with the Turkish incursion into northern Iraq. With Middle Eastern tensions controlling what we pay at the pump, the chance that the cost of oil will continue to rise seems all but inevitable.","But how will rising oil prices affect you, and what can we do about it?Meanwhile, the current economic strain is hitting some people pretty hard. Folks are tapping into those 401(k) nest eggs to pay bills and buy gas and groceries. But is that any way to manage your retirement fund?With me now to talk about oil prices and your 401(k), we've got Author and Economist Julianne Malveaux. She is president of Bennett College. Julianne, nice to talk to you as always.","Always a pleasure, Tony.","Let's begin with this. Folks were waiting for oil to hit that $100 a barrel mark. It came and it went. My question is going to be how you thought folks felt the strain, because I did notice, Julianne, that my gas went up again in the last couple of weeks. Is that why?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Having read about you, you just don't believe that this would be redundant but could be dangerous.","Yeah. If you put the two side by side, there's only one difference. And that is the FDA. The FDA gets taken out of the equation with the proposed legislation. The FDA is in the equation with the existing regulations. Compassionate Use process is extremely easy. Basically, go to your doctor. Find one who will agree to administer the therapy. Contact the drug company. See if they're also willing to agree. Fill out the paperwork. And then if the FDA doesn't object, the patient can get the treatment. And the only difference with the new legislation is that last part. The FDA is taken out of the equation.","With respect, why care so much about the FDA if a life is hanging in the balance?","So as a terminal cancer patient, I would, you know, obviously love to try something that's going to prolong my life or cure my cancer. The reality is that that's a very, very small statistic in terms of drug development discovery. Only 5 percent of drugs that go through phase one development actually go on to be approved. So you're talking about giving people medications that, in historical context, have only had a 5 percent chance of actually working at the end of the day. And then you're exposing these patients to, potentially, additional toxicities that could accelerate their death or cause additional problems for them."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Adventure on the high seas is a concept that has captured our imagination - stepping onto a ship, waving goodbye to your friends, family, land and sailing off toward the horizon. But once a ship leaves its shore, it's also sailing beyond the reach of law and order. Piracy, murder, exploitation, sea slavery, gun running, intentional dumping - the criminal activity off shore is so extensive and so diverse that investigative reporter Ian Urbina continued reporting after his 2015 multipart series for The New York Times. All that reporting is contained now in his new book called \"The Outlaw Ocean. \"And he joins me now. Welcome.","Thanks for having me.","And we should remind people that we are deeply dependent on the ocean, both in and of itself, of course, and also as a means of how we get things and what we consume.","Yeah. Ninety percent of what we consume from iPhones to running shoes comes across the sea on cargo vessels, and 50% of the oxygen we breathe is produced by the oceans. And seafood is a massively expanding source of protein for much of the planet. The oceans are the temperature stabilizer for countering climate change's effect. So in all these ways, it's a pretty essential part of the planet."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Yeah.","And so - especially in the 24\/7 cable environment, where you're desperate for eyeballs, you know, which would you rather see, somebody who's methodically and deliberately laying out the science of climate change or two people yelling at each other and getting. . .","Yeah.",". . . into a fight. So unfortunately, the media itself has some structural issues that make it harder to have a reasonable conversation."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["This is News & Notes. I'm Farai Chideya. In 1944, an Italian prisoner of war was lynched in a riot. It took place at Fort Lawton in Seattle, Washington. Forty-three black soldiers were charged in the incident; 28 of them were convicted. More than 60 years later, the Army Board of Correction overturned the convictions. The military found major issues with the soldiers' court martial. Joining us today is Howard Cooley. He's an attorney with the law firm Patrick Henry. The firm represented the family of Booker Townsell, one of the soldiers charged in the case. Thank you for joining me.","Thank you, and thank you for having me.","So tell us about Booker Townsell. Who was he, and what had he been through before and after the court martial?","He was a young man who was drafted in World War II, like so many other people. Seems to have had a - not a - nothing remarkable about his background, from what I'm able to understand. And - but he did become quite remarkable during World War II because he became a prisoner - he had to guard some prisoners of war, some Italian prisoners of war. And the riot broke out and then he, as a result of that, he was convicted, he was dismissed from the service with adverse honors."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,3]}
{"text":["We'd like to talk about the economy now. With a campaign for the upcoming presidential election already underway, you can expect the state of the economy to get a lot of attention. And one of the tools economists use to predict whether a recession is coming is the yield curve, so we want to tell you what that is and why it matters.","We've called Campbell Harvey for that. He's a professor of finance at the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University, and he was the first to demonstrate that the yield curve can predict a recession. Professor Harvey also says he only considers the indicator definitive if the inverted yield curve lasts for an entire quarter. And, well, the quarter ends today, so here to give us his thoughts about what's to come is professor Campbell Harvey.","Welcome. Thank you so much for joining us.","Great to be on the show.","All right. So let's get the headline, and then we'll work backwards. Are we going into a recession?"],"speaker":["B","B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Yeah, that's one of the kind of strange things about the case. If these people were alive, it's rare that - 243 people - one of them wouldn't have been able to contact one of their family members at this point.","If they had, would you hope that this project could find that out?","So I'm in pretty close contact with a number of the family members. So if they had contacted the family members, we would know. The Eritrean diaspora is very interconnected.","When you refer to the Eritrea diaspora, that refers to the fact that many of the people on board this boat were Eritrean?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Scott, there's an outside chance, but it's unlikely. And it's definitely not going to happen before the presidential election takes place. It's going to take a long time for the FBI to go through all these messages, get through all the red tape with intelligence agencies to decide what may be classified or not.","And the FBI director, James Comey, has already told Congress Hillary Clinton didn't lie to agents when she was interviewed - same for her aides. He found no efforts to obstruct justice, no desire to betray the country here. So unless something really huge emerges, it's hard to see the legal analysis changing or any criminal prosecution at all.","And Hillary Clinton had a swift response, didn't she?","Yeah, she came out in Iowa, did an impromptu news conference. She said she didn't know anything about this. She found out through media reports. She's demanding the FBI director release a lot more information and explain the facts here. Some of Clinton's close allies, including California Democratic Senator Dianne Feinstein, went even stronger. She said the FBI move was appalling and that the bureau was playing into the campaign slogans of Donald Trump."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3,1]}
{"text":["So you were recently in Michigan speaking to autoworkers. The Detroit News quoted you as saying that the labor section in the agreement is actually better than NAFTA, but it still needs improvement. So can you just give me one or two ideas of what more needs to be done in your view?","Well, as it currently stands, the agreement can't be enforced. And there are three levels that it must be enforced at. One, Mexico has to show us not only that it can pass laws but that it has the wherewithal, the infrastructure and the resources to be able to implement those laws and give workers a chance to better their wages and working conditions because if they don't do that, no matter what the agreement says, it's - it won't matter. It won't change workers' lives in this country.","The second part is, the agreement's enforcement provisions need to be dramatically strengthened. The International Trade Commission's report recently confirmed what we already knew - that without a way to hold all three countries accessible, this deal isn't worth the paper it's written on. And under this agreement, any party can block a panel. A panel is the arbitrator that decides the dispute, the trade dispute. And if you can't ever get it decided by a third party, you can never actually implement it.","And then the third level of enforcement is that workers need to be able to enforce this trade agreement to make it better so that it works for us so that if somebody violates the agreement in Mexico or Canada, we should be able to stop their products at the border."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Yes.","They got very close.","Yeah. They got way too close. It would've been an absolute disaster, politically, politically - never mind anything else - for Mr.  Lincoln if the Confederates had just marched into Washington, you know, burned Washington. And that could have very easily had happened. Grant would have been disgraced. Lincoln might have lost the election in November because this would be such an embarrassment, psychological impact would've been incalculable.","I want to talk about Lincoln and I think that there's a monument up there to Lincoln's role in this battle."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Thank you.","In general, these hearings, the questioning has been chopped up into five-minute increments back and forth between Democrats and Republicans. Do you think this works, especially for something where we know that there are two very distinct narratives and a great deal of polarization?","I think it can be very productive given the fact that they are planning for it. They are rehearsing. They're having mock sessions - at least the Democrats are, Republicans may be doing something similar - because the five-minute increments are highly disruptive. A trend of questioning tends to peter out at - given five-minute switch from the Republicans to the Democrats and vice versa. So I'm looking for a rather smooth hearing on this one.","Do you think by rehearsing what the Democrats are trying to do is sort of develop a line of questioning and try and get a coherent narrative in place?","Well, the first part of this hearing, I actually testified back in June, and I know that the Democrats at least are preparing for these sort of things in a very conscientious way. And I learned it because they said, listen; when you're out there, we are going to ask you questions about A, B, C, D and E.  And they said they would have graphics for that. I didn't watch the hearings after I testified, but I did see the graphics when they were asking me about them. And that's really a process of building a record as well of what is very important to understand in this event."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Now, the economies in Africa, let's say, in the Caribbean are different, are they not, from either the U. S. , Europe, or Asia?And I'm thinking, for example, of the $1 million notes being printed up willy-nilly in Zimbabwe. How has the global downturn affected them?","Well, just on Zimbabwe for a minute. Zimbabwe has a whole host of problems that are really quite unrelated to the credit crunch and the financial crisis. These are big problems that have been in the making for a long, long time because of an economy that's been run into the ground.","But more generally, Africa and Latin America are being hurt, but it doesn't seem quite as bad for example, as those in Eastern Europe, their debt levels are not as high. While they're hurting some because of the big fall in commodity prices - I mean, we've seen for example the first negative growth in South Africa since 1998. But I don't think these are as hard hit because the financial exposure in this part of the world is not as great as let's say it is in the U. S.  certainly, in Europe, and parts of emerging Europe.","Is that what is allowing some countries to be - I hesitate to use the word financially successful at the moment, but allowing them to compete in a way that they had not been able to before?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["And I'm wondering how to square the situation now with - I remember interviewing you last year. You had a new book just out on Libya. You were telling me. . .","Yeah.",". . . This did not feel like a country at war, that markets were open, that there were signs of normalcy in Tripoli. That has now changed with these latest developments.","Tragically yes. I mean, of course the country's always had problems. But through international assistance and a U. N. -brokered effort, things were improving in Tripoli modestly. Libyans have a way of getting by. And of course that has all been reversed, so of course now you're seeing electricity blackouts, I mean, displaced. The militias have a newfound presence in the capital. So the country's really been put backward.","I should mention you were just in Libya for a few weeks last month, in Tripoli.","That's right."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, Zach looked at them and said, you know, these look like Sexton. But they don't look like the Sexton I've read. So even from the beginning, we had a very clear idea that we might have found something special here. So the next step was to reach out to other more-established Sexton scholars who hadn't seen them. And that was when we got really excited. They put us in touch with her daughter and literary executor Linda Gray Sexton, who also said, I have never seen these, either.","So Anne Sexton, as we've said, is one of the poets that really introduced the idea of confessional poetry, poetry that's personal - so much about the I. How do these poems fit into that emerging style?","Well, I think one of my favorite things about Sexton is how she kind of emerges almost fully formed, right?So she wasn't a childhood poetry writer. You know, before she even started taking a poetry class where she's writing for therapy, 12 years after that, she's winning the Pulitzer Prize for poetry. So what these poems show is, yes, her development but also very much her initial poetic power. In 1957, she presents her mother with a sort of homemade book of poems. And she says this was the first year of Anne Sexton, you know, poet - and that's before she even starts publishing - and then very shortly after has a meteoric rise to fame.","So I guess I'd like to know what these poems are about and something that really moved you. Can you give us an example?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Well, to be quite honest with you, at the end of the day, when you're looking at a product that is an adult product - and that's how we see it - the adult has the ability to choose.","But why blueberry, vanilla and cherry - why those flavors?","Actually, you know, we have quite a few individuals that like the blueberry. For me, it gets old quick. So therefore, I have, like, more coffee flavors. But the point is cherry and strawberry are actually fairly popular flavors amongst adults.","And when we're talking about flavors, we're not talking about those kind of flavors. We're talking about the cotton candy type of flavors. We steer away from any flavors that expressly go after a particular target market audience. And those flavors we obviously will never carry, never made and will never participate in our lineup."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["We're getting a rare inside view of a massive Taliban attack in Afghanistan earlier this month. In that assault, the Taliban nearly succeeded in seizing control of a key provincial capital - city of Ghazni, about 90 miles from the Afghan capital, Kabul. In a matter of days, the Taliban offensive was halted, but the death toll and destruction were immense. Hundreds of Afghan civilians, police officers and soldiers were killed. U. S.  Special Forces and Army played a key role in crushing the attack. Nine of them were hurt - among them, two who sustained what will be lifelong injuries. Time magazine correspondent William Hennigan was reporting in Afghanistan at the time and was allowed to travel with the Green Berets to Ghazni. They had gotten a call that several Afghan helicopters were down. And they headed out to secure the area.","As they approached the city overnight, they were seeing that the city of Ghazni was on fire. And they knew that they had quite a fighting force to go up against. And the signs were readily apparent. Aside from the great fire that was burning in front of them, there was craters, IEDs, trucks that were standing like tombstones in the middle of the road. So the ODA had to muscle their way around these vehicles in order to push through to the city.","The ODA being the Green Beret unit.","That's correct. And while they're doing that, in comes mortar fire and RPGs and AK-47 fire. So it was not only a difficult task to punch into the city. It was also quite deadly because of the ambush that they had walked into."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Right.",". . . in their noses, and that was because it was reflected back to visible light.","Oh, interesting.","But now, we're able to micronize that. And when we do that, we're able to make those molecules smaller, and you can focus just on the UVB and UVA, which is important for sun protection."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["It's the 100th birthday of the Pulitzer Prizes this year - the centenary of a prize that can change the life and the career of a journalist, a photographer, a biographer, a dramatist or a poet. In the latest conversation in our series to mark the Pulitzer's big year, we welcome Gregory Pardlo. He won the Pulitzer for poetry last year for his collection of poems entitled \"Digest. \"And he joins us from our studios in New York. Greg, thanks so much for being with us.","Hi, Scott. Thanks for having me.","Can we hear a bit of your work, maybe from the poem \"For Which It Stands?\"","Absolutely. (Reading) \"For Which It Stands\" - for a flag, I answered facetiously. A flag of tomorrow. Fluent in fire, not just the whispers, lisps, not just the still there of powdered wigs, dry winds. Who wants a speckled drape that folds as easy over smirch as fallen soldier?"],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["You know, we - we're in constant communication with our states. I know South Carolina has done - and all the states, for that matter - but South Carolina, they've done a very proactive job. North Carolina is really going to amp up the messaging on evacuations. Florida has, and Georgia. So, you know, we will be able to tell what those evacuation rates are, obviously working with our state. The states and the locals are the ones that actually call for those evacuations.","Right now, it seems to be going well, but it always could go better. You know, if you're in a danger or hazard area, you know, I ask you to take those warnings seriously, and evacuate and protect yourself and your family.","Jeff Byard of FEMA, thanks for speaking with us today.","Thank you so much."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,0,1]}
{"text":["There is a level of acceptance for some. So one young woman I met joined the all-women's force after being brutalized by her husband, who was part of ISIS. On the other hand, the women who were foreigners and even the real hardcore last holdouts in the fight against ISIS who are in this town of Baghuz, which had basically an apocalyptic end. They ran out of food. They ran out of water.","And what you see now from the women who were part of that is that all of the crimes of ISIS - you know, enslaving girls, raping women, beheading people on the streets, the hangings - that was not enough really to make them lose confidence in the head of ISIS. But the fact that children whose families belong to ISIS starved to death while leaders had food, that is what's making people very disappointed, very disillusioned, especially the women I've talked to.","Are there people who still support the caliphate despite all that they went through?","Absolutely there are. And in fact, one woman from Egypt I met has four daughters. She was talking about how all they want is to go home, to go back to Egypt, to go back to the parks, to go see relatives. And she said to me, you know, I don't believe in Baghdadi. But I still believe in the caliphate."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,0,1,3]}
{"text":["For the second time in as many months, Mozambique is recovering from a deadly cyclone. In March, it was you Idai. This time it's Kenneth. Kenneth was a Category 4 cyclone when it made landfall in the north of the country last week. Devastating winds were followed by days of torrential rain and widespread flooding. The government says at least 38 people have died.","For more, we're joined by Deborah Nguyen with the United Nations World Food Programme. She's in Pemba, near the center of the storm's path. And to begin, can you tell us what the damage looks like on the streets of Pemba right now?","In Pemba itself right now it's completely flooded. It has rained for the past two days, which is making humanitarian aid difficult.","Currently you're involved with the teams who are distributing food. What kind of food are you bringing to people?And how are you able to reach them?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["There is some. The question is whether what they see in their internal polls, the surveys they're doing every night in the 14 battleground states, whether what they're seeing is just a little glimmer or a hope that will sort of fade away, or whether it's kind of the beginning traction of perhaps a long shot, but perhaps a strategy that might actually pay off for Senator McCain.","You write about Senator McCain's pollster, a guy named Bill McInturff, who I gather is quite well regarded in the polling industry, and he's been sending out memos saying, I actually think things are getting better. There's also a new poll today, Mason-Dickson-NBC, on specifically Pennsylvania, and it finds the numbers there narrowing down to about a four-point lead for Senator Obama.","Well, that's exactly right. Bill McInturff has been, as some McCain aides described it over the course of his campaign, a bit of a wet blanket at times. When they thought things were going well, he would say, well, you know, the numbers are showing some weakness here.","But yet, in the last four or five days, it's kind of reversed. They've gotten emails in the morning that as delivers his reports from the previous day's survey, they've got good news in them. You know, women who make less than $60,000 are moving towards McCain. Men with some college education are moving towards him. And they're doing it in these battleground states."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["And let's talk about the rivals themselves once they were in the Cabinet. You wrote about this this week in the Los Angeles Times in an op-ed. And you noted that, two years into Lincoln's administration, there was a full-blown crisis in Lincoln's Cabinet. What was that about?","Well, we reached this point in the middle of the war - it's December 1862 - when Lincoln actually says to one of his closest friends, we are now on the brink of destruction. And he was talking about a Cabinet crisis that was the result of this friction between these rivals. There was backbiting and intrigue, and it was ugly. Lincoln survived it, and that's why we tend to forget how ugly it was. But, you know, in the first two years of the conflict, the president is really struggling to manage these balky rivals.","And they're unable to, what, subsume their own egos to that of the president's?","You know, in retrospect, I think Doris Kearns Goodwin, you know, has a lot of wisdom when she says Lincoln had great personal strength to reach out to his rivals. But at the time, it was considered tremendous weakness and therefore, people in Washington at the beginning of the administration thought he was weak, and they tried to take advantage of it."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Hi, senator. How are you doing?","I'm great. How are you?","I'm doing great. So your two major competitors in this race have come to symbolize certain things. Senator Edwards paints himself as the candidate who's going to end poverty and Senator Obama's supporters say he's the candidate of change. So what do you symbolize?","Well, I think that I'm the candidate with the experience we need to make the changes we want. I don't think there is an either or here. That's a false choice. We have to look at each of us and what we represent and what we have done in our lives and what we believe we can do as the next president."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Oh, yes. Yes, indeed.","(Singing) X is the letter. Blue is the color. One is a number. Now is the time.","I mentioned back in the '60s then and it's still - news reminds me of the '60s. We're going out the world backwards. You know, we've got to change. We need a change. And every chance I get, I'm going to sing songs of change because, like I say, I feel like we're going out the world backwards.","Well, in fact, you know, to that end, the album art is actually a beautiful photograph of a group of young kids - African American kids on the outside of a chain-link fence. And they're looking into a park. It's a photo by Gordon Parks from 1956 called \"Outside Looking In. \"And, you know, I'm assuming that this was a park these kids weren't allowed to play in - right?- because it was segregated."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, you know, the Chinese economy has some major problems even in boom times. It's awash with corruption, enormous inefficiencies. It still has training wheels in many respects, and when an economic crisis hits a booming economy, it tends to make it more efficient. When it emerges, it becomes an even better competitor.","And we've seen this with other emerging Asian economies in the past - after the first oil shock in Japan. Japan really got its act together and became our foremost competitor then.","And how will this affect what's happening here in the United States in terms of manufacturing and jobs here?","You know, I think it is an economic question and a political question, and there are some uncertainties on how we will play our hand. The president-elect when he was talking about creating jobs at home, he was really stressing incentives on keeping jobs here, giving companies good reasons to keep jobs here."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Exactly. Well, they, you know, they have a head start in knowing at least that they're meant to be living in the nervous system, which means that there's a little bit of built-in safety and stability that may not quite exist in cells. They can become and kind cell to.","And how long are they effective for in the life of the mice they're injected into?","Well, in the mice that we've looked at, they were effective throughout the lifespan of the animal. So they were present, having their action and, you know, ultimately the animals do die. But it raises the question of, well, what about if we re-dose the animals?Would we have an even longer effect?Would we increase even the area that the stem cells were able to engraft in?Would we have a better effect?You know, that is where the investigations now need to go.","All right. Dr.  Snyder, thank you for taking time to be with is today and happy holiday to you."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["I was listening back to some of the pieces that you've done in the past couple of months as we prepare for this broadcast. One of the things that China may have to change is the role of its banks. Banks like to take very few risks if possible, and that means investing in those big state-owned industries that have - well, they may not be spectacular returns anymore, but they are reliable.","Yeah. The banks do extremely well. You and I could sit back and run those banks and be very, very wealthy, though, communist.","The government sets the interest rates and so the banks can make a lot money. And if you're a Chinese person, you can't really get much of your capital out of the country. So where else are you going to put it?","One of the problems with the banks is that they tend to invest in state-owned enterprises. It's kind of part of their job, and it's less risky. But most of the jobs in China are really produced by private enterprise, as they are here in the United States. And it's much harder for them to get capital. So people are, in many ways, feelings that the economy is out of whack in a number ways and that there need to be some serious changes. The government knows this, but there are now very strong vested interests in state-owned enterprises and the banks. And so getting that done is not going to be easy politically."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3]}
{"text":["Well, I think perhaps the most concrete thing here that's been agreed to involves the tariffs that were supposed to take effect on Tuesday. You know, the Trump administration has already put tariffs on a lot of the things that we import from China. They were supposed to go up on Tuesday. That will be suspended. That's the word that was used, but the tariffs that are already in place apparently will remain in place. And there are still additional tariffs that are supposed to take effect in December, and it's not really clear whether they will take effect.","Also, China has agreed to buy more agricultural products from the United States. The president said 40 to $50 billion worth. You know, farmers, of course, have been really hurt by this trade war, and the president has been really anxious to help them out.","The president and his advisers have been clear they wanted a big deal, not something piecemeal. Does this count - phase one of a big deal?","You know, I think it's progress. It means, you know, this is - phase one means there's going to be a phase two and possibly a phase three, which means there's more work to do. I mean, one of - the important thing to point out here is that, apparently, this deal isn't written down on paper yet. That has to be done over, President Trump said, the next three weeks or four weeks or five weeks. And, of course, the devil is always in the details with things like this, in trade talks."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Did we, maybe without noting it, pass a corner this week in which the Russia investigation - Mueller, Michael Cohen, all of that - has gone from examining if there was obstruction of justice to actual collusion with Russia by the Trump campaign?","That's why the Michael Cohen revelation this week seems to be so important. We've been talking about this for the better part of two years now. We've always been kind of dubious about whether or not there was an actual provable case of collusion, as opposed to obstruction. An active cooperation with the Russian interference would seem to be the collusion everyone's looking for. A lot of journalists and Democrats have thought it more likely that we would simply get an obstruction case, which might be easier to prove. But in the news of this week, we see a wider possibility.","NPR's Ron Elving, thanks so much.","Thank you, Scott."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Last year, Lolita De Sola made a hard decision; she left her home country and fled north to Mexico City. Because of the move, De Sola was able to release her first album, \"Cattleya. \"She felt she had to leave Venezuela. Her work there, her life was becoming impossible.","When you have a dictatorship or crisis, the first thing that goes away is culture because you need more food, you need more basic stuff, first, then culture.","Today's Venezuela, on the brink of collapse with President Nicolas Maduro refusing to give up power and the prospect of international intervention, with millions of people leaving the country and others so desperate for food they are eating from the trash, this is not the Venezuela Lolita De Sola remembers and longs for.","When I was little, honestly, it was magical. Now I realize how privileged I was to grow up in a place like Venezuela because it's beautiful. Caracas is a valley where you have the mountains and, in half hour, you have the beach. Also you have, like, amazing food. You have perfect weather. And honestly, I like a lot - my childhood - in that sense because I realized that Venezuelans right now don't have the same that I did."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["What do you mean it knocked the - 'cause I always think of the bottled water market as being quite new.","Well, it's ironic. There was a big bottled water market in the U. S.  late 19th, early 20th century. It was basically seen as healthier, better for you. And this newfangled chlorination essentially made water really safe to drink for the first time, in some respects, ever. And as a result, tap water became a newfangled thing, which is very ironic, considering the reputation today of bottled water versus tap water.","Yeah. Why did bottled water become popular again?","So, it was popular to a certain extent throughout the 1930s, 1940s, 1950s. Bottled water in the sort of single serve and liter size that we think of really was a niche market in restaurants until the late 1970s. And Perrier really for the very first time put a lot of money into their marketing budget and they got very lucky with their timing, 'cause it coincided with the fitness craze. I mean, think about it. Jane Fonda and aerobics. And what happens to really push it long is that Nestle ends up getting in the act with Perrier; Coke launches Dasani; Pepsi launches Aquafina. And now all of the sudden what you have is mass distribution channels. Today - get this - per second on average, 1,500 bottles of water are being opened nationwide."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Sounds good, right?Sixty years ago this month, Miles Davis finished recording one of the most iconic albums in jazz. \"Kind Of Blue\" is perhaps Davis's greatest masterpiece. But it wasn't the only milestone recorded that year. John Coltrane, Dave Brubeck, Ornette Coleman and Charles Mingus all cut timeless classics, which is why many fans consider 1959 the best year in jazz ever.","There are all kinds of think pieces about this - a new blog devoted to the subject, even a documentary film titled \"1959: The Year That Changed Jazz. \"So settle in. And let's listen to what 1959 sounded like. Our guide is Nate Chinen. He is editorial director at our member station WBGO. And he's with Jazz Night In America. Nate, thanks for being here.","Thank you, Rachel.","All right. Make the case. What makes 1959 so great?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["And what's life like day to day in Fulton now?","Well, it's kind of like Groundhog Day. Every day you get up, it's - you see debris that's been removed on the side the road one day. And you think - well, we've really accomplished something. And the next day, the debris is right back out there again. So mentally, it's affected a lot of people, including myself, seeing all that - just take a hard time to get picked up.","Where are people living and sleeping?","Well, we've got quite a few people that have moved in with other family members. Some houses that have only been destroyed partially - some are completely to the ground. We've still got some living in hotels. We've got some that are living in tents and vehicles. We found out yesterday from our school district that quite a few schoolkids are homeless. You know, 67 percent of the property here has been damaged in some way - or more."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Yeah. That was the scene I went out. Before I did that song, Creed said, man, write a hit. I said, oh, sure, it'll be gold(ph). Because commercialism never really fazed me. I mean, playing songs that - in links that you knew everybody would like. I always wanted to be a true jazz artist, you know that. But Creed said, write a hit, so I wrote \"Red Clay. \"And all my friends who were jazz musicians, they said, man, you writing that square stuff. So I kind of - but that tune has earned me a living.","That's a great tune.","I mean - and it reminded me of my early childhood when I was back in Indianapolis.","They have red clay in Indiana?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["OK, which theory do you want to start with?","Well, the ships became frozen in the ice and the crewmen set out on foot.","Well, we know that's true. Captain Franklin - Sir John - made a huge mistake trying to force the Victoria passage with that much ice. And he kept going when they could turn back to shelter. And it got them stuck in the worst possible place. So his error of judgment doomed those men.","What other theories are there?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["My best friend grew up in the Philippines and celebrated Christmas in a really bizarre fashion - without Santa at all. On his first holiday in the United States, a relative happily shouted, come look what Santa did. And Joe froze, sure that someone had stolen all his toys. Well, how was I supposed to know, he told me. No one ever broke into our home to give us things.","This year, Emmeline is increasingly interested in these fledgling magical mysteries of childhood. We read \"The Night Before Christmas\" every day now, and I figured, if Emmeline could buy into the story of wingless, flying reindeer, she'd eventually come around to the notion that the fat guy from the mall could fit through a tiny gas pipe. In a family of jaded atheists, it was the true miracle of Christmas.","At the fireplace, Emmeline inspected the hole again, poking a hesitant finger through the opening. She looked up with unblinking eyes and asked, Santa fits in there?I nodded, whispering, Santa can do anything. Emmeline paused for a moment, smiling hopefully. But mommy said he just climbs in the window. At least we have another day to get our traditions straight.","Mike Adamick lives in San Francisco with his wife and their pint-sized doubting Thomas."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, it's very difficult to verify independently because some of the information he claims to be from within the inner circle of those around President Mugabe, but certainly it creates a lot of interest and in some cases, some of his predictions have come to pass in ways that really points to credibility on the part of this character.","For example, he had warned that individuals within the ruling party were plotting to kill a former minister of parliament, Edward Chindori-Chininga, and indeed within a week this official died in a suspicious car accident.","Now, I mean, saying that almost any politician of any prominence other than President Mugabe is vulnerable to being killed mysteriously, wouldn't that be a truism in Zimbabwe?","Yes, it is, but particularly if you look at the tensions in the countries we approach elections that will be held on July 31. So, yes, that is true."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["I hope that there would be people who would come to the site, interested in building their family tree or learning how to start family research, who then would see an interesting article that they might not have thought they would read otherwise and dabble. And that there will be cross pollination between the two missions of the site that, you know, will make for some interesting dialogue and interesting experience for users.","Now, you've been careful to point out that when appropriate, you're going to make these links. But Professor Gates co-owns part of AfricanDNA. com. Do you see any ethical problems with your site steering people to his business specifically?","I don't, actually, at all, because we don't simply steer people to AfricanDNA. com, and there's full disclosure on the site that he's a co-founder of AfricanDNA. com.","But if you - if someone comes to the site and they click into the tab that - for DNA testing, they'll see several different places that they can go to to test their DNA, with links to those different companies. Actually, the option to link those different companies are actually presented to you before you click through to AfricanDNA. com."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["I was singing that one time, and that line came out. I was like, we will always sing. We will always sing. And it's because when I think about the struggles that black Indigenous people of color face, that line of, we will always sing - that just kind of shows, no matter what, we're always going to be standing back up.","(Singing) Even when you look at me, your heart so full, I'll think of you from a nice place.","I know that you've been pretty vocal about being uncomfortable with white men at your shows.","Oh, yeah."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Visuals that related to Senator Obama in politics.","That's right - different iterations and paintings of Senator Obama. Ron English did one of him as kind of morphing into Abe Lincoln. You know, Shepard's hope thing, you know, was enormous. You know, I did one of Obama looking obviously very hopeful into the city. He's - behind him is a cityscape and rising is the sun. I wanted it to be during, you know, the sunrise. And so he's being backlit by the sun in warm light. And the reason I did the city is because, you know, he's from the city. He can relate to the city. You know, he was raised by a single mom on food stamps, which is much like my experience growing up in Harlem. And you know, he's - and I said I wrote \"one\" on it because he's really - he really represents one, you know, one global community, ethnically diverse, one nation, and really someone that we can, for the first time, being from urban life, relate to, besides Clinton, by the way.","Are you worried about they're being an element of hero worship to this?I mean, both in the fact that so many artists are depicting him, but also in the way that he's depicted.","Yeah. I mean, I'm not worried about it. I think there is a lot of hero worship, but in contrast to what's out there, you know, he is a hero."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,1]}
{"text":["No, because the guys used to sit on the porch and play their guitars and (unintelligible). And then would beat to the tap of their foot. So I kind of adapted that tanta-ta-tan-tum, tanta-ta-tan-tum(ph). I mean, because - I mean, my people - my relatives, most of them were from Jackson, Mississippi. So when they migrated to Indianapolis, they kind of brought a lot of that feeling.","When he said write a hit, that one song people know me all over the world, in Russia, Africa, Japan, all over the world, people, the first thing they say when they see me, \"Red Clay. \"","In the course of your career, you had, obviously, highs and you had some lows, and they've been described as personal problems. Without going into detail, are we to assume that those problems were substance abuse related?","Well, substance abuse, I wouldn't really say I had a problem with that. I mean, I would say that at one period in the '70s, I started partying, I was in Hollywood A-list(ph). And everybody would come up there, I mean, all kind of movie stars, all kind of football stars, basketball stars, actors. And I had a spot right there in (unintelligible) overlooking the (unintelligible). And the people that I had coming up there - now, the substance abuse, it was around because a lot of people who would come to see me would bring it. But I would never really say I had a habit or anything like that."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3,2]}
{"text":["I was shocked by that on a number of levels. You know, the first thing that shocked people about the call, obviously, is the notion of the president withholding military aid and trying to bully the Ukrainians into doing personal favors. This is, obviously, a big deal. But in the middle of all that, what struck me and, as I say, even shocked me was his willingness to disparage our ambassador to Ukraine in a call with a foreign leader, referring to her as the woman and saying she was bad news and then vaguely but, frankly, ominously saying to the president of Ukraine that she was going to go through some things.","Let's give her name. It's Marie Yovanovitch. Tell us about her. What's her reputation in the diplomatic community?","So Marie Yovanovitch - and she goes by Masha. Masha was one of the most respected and longstanding members of our foreign service. She has, I think, been in the foreign service for over 30 years, served all around the world and most recently and in the most senior positions, obviously, as ambassador to Ukraine, until she was removed prematurely in May, but before that, also ambassador to Armenia and ambassador to Kyrgyzstan.","The State Department has said that the ambassador concluded her three-year diplomatic assignment in Kyiv as planned, that there was no kind of retribution or she was not yanked back unceremoniously. Why are there doubts on that in the diplomatic community?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["Absolutely. It's going to be an incredible weekend. We have saxophone competition which we'll be talking about. But as a part of the competition, we also have a major tribute concert each year and this year, it's dedicated to B. B. King and to the blues. The blues have had a huge influence on jazz, and we established last year an education program in Mississippi Delta called 'The Blues and Jazz, Two American Classics,' which is the theme of this weekend. And there, we worked with young kids and really introduced them, originally in the Mississippi Delta to their great roots and heritage and the life of B. B. King, who is from Indianola.","And then from there, that program has branched out nationally and we have public school programs in Memphis and Chicago, Kansas City daily. But with B. B. King this weekend, we're bringing a large array of artist to pay tribute to him. We've got everybody from Keb Mo and Robert Cray to the great Joe Louis Walker. Bono and The Edge are coming in to represent the rock community.","That's great.","And from the jazz community, it's Herbie Hancock, Wayne Shorter and many others. And we'll all be paying tribute to B. B. and his great influence on especially jazz music."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, yes, he was. Later I found out what he was really brilliant at, which was lying. He had a physics degree, a mathematics degree and an economics degree, I think, from three different Ivy League colleges. So, why doubt him?Especially once you've seen the props. Once you've seen the art, you buy the person.","He'd married to a successful woman named Sandy who paid all the bills. How could this smart woman be with this fraud?","I can only answer that question by telling you why I bought this fraud. He was charming. He had a story that explained everything. And so when she came into his life, he had perfected his act to the extent that he'd anticipated every question, had an answer for everything. So, it's like a magic trick. After you know how it works, it seems so obvious. But when it happening, you're enchanted.","There was a moment when he gave you the personal phone number of the president, and I forget what the occasion was - but he said go ahead, try it. You'll get him directly."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["Something happened that I am deeply superstitious about, which is that I was editing the sort of final, final draft of the novel to send out before publishers, and it was night time. And suddenly my vision went white, and I had this incredible pain in my face. And it turned out what had happened was that lightning had hit the barn we were staying in, and it had gone through all of the electrical boxes. And it went up through my computer and through my headphones that were plugged in, into the side of my face. And that was not great, but it did save the document 'cause I think I grounded the electricity. Anyway. . .","(Laughter).","Well, all of this to say that I'm very, very superstitious about this, and I believe that the lightning gave me good luck with the book.","Yeah (laughter)."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["As a matter of fact, some of the Newark city council came to New York and also spoke with African-American politicians up in Albany about this guy's record. And that (unintelligible) pretty thoroughly.","Now, let me - we don't have too much time left, so I just want to ask you this. Is this a situation - you've obviously chosen to profile Mayor Booker - is this a situation where he has a political future outside of Newark?Do you se him moving in a direction where he will eventually run for some other office?","I think he absolutely means to. And I think he is one - all politicians brim with ambition, and he is no exception. I think he has chosen for himself a nearly impossible task. And if he manages to pull that off, it's a pretty solid credential.","All right. Peter Boyer, thanks so much.","Certainly."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["Thank you. How are you?","I'm pretty good. Thank you. You must be stuck like glue on this, but, you know, you've played in three World Cups, including one of the wins for the U. S.  team in 1999. How would you describe what it's like to be out there on that field in that final game?","It's exhilarating, to be honest with you. And it's really interesting for me to watch on TV because on the game days, I feel similar to how I used to feel when I played just because I really still feel a kinship and a connection to the current team, even though it's been many years since I played. But I feel we're all connected and inspired by each other.","Well, what are your thoughts on this current team?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,1]}
{"text":["All right. A lot to discuss, I think. What do you make of the president's reaction to this book, from the press conference to Twitter to a cease-and-desist order to the book's publisher?","Well, I'll say it's classic Trump in that it is probably self-destructive - certainly not in the president and the White House's best interest to do so - but also entirely predictable. This is a man who has sort of built his entire public career around being involved in media spats like this. I think it was a - it was certainly a mistake initially for the president to issue a statement, as he did on Wednesday when these excerpts first started coming out.","Now the White House is trying to say - basically, since that very moment - saying that the book is tabloid trash, that there are a lot of problems. And I agree. There are a lot of problems with the credibility of the book. But that initial reaction and the engagement with the book has, I think, made this story even bigger than it already would have been.","And the book a best-seller. I mean, you know. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["It's good to be here, Tony.","You know, you've been getting pretty hot under the collar about this issue, I understand. Why is it such a concern for you?","It's a concern for me because it's a misunderstanding that a lot of ex-convicts have. If you have a felony it has been in the past that often states do restrict or disenfranchise those who have a felony conviction. Those laws have changed over the years, and now in most states it's no longer the case, or there are means by which you can get your civil rights back. But a lot of people - a lot of ex-convicts or felons that I knew that ended up in my court system simply rested on the false notion that they did not have the ability to vote. And that ended and that kept them from further embracing or engaging in the community, and kept them separate, and apart, and not where they needed to be.","Is it a situation where an ex-felon is allowed - is entitled to have his or her voting rights restored, but the process by which those voting rights are restored is so cumbersome that they either don't know about it or they don't go through it?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,3,0]}
{"text":["You know, you're helping a lot of people, Mr.  Mayor.","Well, I hope I am. I don't see it, and that's what scares me most of all. We care about everybody. We have to reach out for all of them and try to be successful for them to help them be that support deal for them. It's not a positive day every day, but you have to make it into one.","The mayor of Fulton, Texas, Jimmy Kendrick - thanks so much for being with us, Mr.  Mayor. Good luck to you.","Well, I appreciate it. And just keep us in your prayers. It's always nice to have a prayer given for us."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3,1,3]}
{"text":["The flaws that one makes, that one has, are more apparent. The mistakes one makes are more apparent when you've died. The sweet scent of marjoram sweeps away all the contradictions, but yet Jesse Jackson has been the most extraordinary rhetorical genius to articulate the vision, the virtue, and the value of black life in the American public square.","Al Sharpton has emerged in the last few years. Reverend Al Sharpton himself sees himself as part of the legacy of Martin Luther King Jr. , but at the same time, he worked up north, Dr.  King worked down south. Jessie Jackson, of course, worked in Chicago. And these two gentlemen then challenged some of the prevailing forms of oppression in the midst of a northern culture that had not yet tested its commitment to civil rights.","And Jesse Jackson and Al Sharpton forced them to grapple with it. Jackson in Chicago, Sharpton in New York, especially focusing on police brutality and forms of white mob violence directed against vulnerable black people. Barack Obama\u2026","And then - yeah, Barack Obama has a sort of different place in the\u2026"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["How - let me just change gears because the title of your book is \"Energy for Future Presidents: The Science Behind the Headlines. \"The last time you were on, you were talking about physics for future presidents. We're in a presidential debate year. Do you think this should be an issue, the talk about global climate change and global warming?","Oh I - energy, there's nothing more important in our world than the future of energy. We start wars over energy. Events like Fukushima and the Gulf oil spill have too much influence in our policy. We have to sit back and be thoughtful and think: What can we do?","For the case of global warming, I do believe we should take action, but most of the action that people are suggesting will not address the problem, and so we have to get the energy policy right. It has to be based in science and engineering and technology.","And what should that policy be?What should we do?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Well. . .","UNIDENTIFIED MAN #3: What differences when this occured?","Would it be the safest places to be like I mentioned before?","It would certainly be the safest place to be, and it would actually feel much like a joyride. The difference is that you're not necessarily planning on it."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Not initially.","No?It didn't come in handy?","Yeah. I mean, you would think that would be an easy thing, but man, you know, that's why they have somebody for that. You know, it definitely becomes a thing trying to get people out their trailer. They're nice and comfy.","Well, did you have any other experiences in the NFL that kind of helped prepare you for the role you do now?I'm taking not doing hair probably doing - doing hair probably wasn't one of those tasks since you all wear helmets, but. . .","Yeah. I mean, but look. You know, I had natural hair. You know, I remember when I was in the league, I had my hair long enough to where it could be braided. And, you know, every week I'd have to go and get it worked on and stuff. So, you know, I think for both men and women it's definitely something that's a big part of our life. But, you know, in terms of the connection between NFL and filmmaking, it's all very team-oriented."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Yeah, they weren't the sharpest.","All right, so now tell us about the most powerful horse in history. And this, as I understand it, goes all the way back to Roman times?","Right. This was, I think, the most politically influential horse. So it was proudly Incitatus, which is the horse of the Roman emperor Caligula. And according to historians of the time, his stable was made of marble, he had a collar of gemstones and his meals were oats mixed with gold flakes. And senators were forced to dine with him. And according to legend, Caligula planned to appoint him counsel before the emperor was assassinated. So it's almost as bizarre as the 2016 United States presidential election.","(Laughter) A. J. , I have to say, at least when it comes to horse racing, you got your money out of reading that Encyclopedia Britannica.","(Laughter)."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Yes, we've had our wine chosen by the White House twice, most recently just over a week ago.","Now, that must feel incredible. But you also have, you know, obviously a much wider market. How did you get into this business in the first place?","From the roots of a lot of African-Americans. My grandfather was a farmer in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and my father was - and my grandfather were home wine-makers, basically. In the old days in the country, you grew your own vegetables to eat, you raised your own cattle or chickens if you enjoyed those things or wanted those things, and if you wanted alcohol you made your own wine or different alcohols.","It's a far cry from doing this as something that you drink yourself to doing it as the kind of business you have. And it's still a family business, isn't it?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["The director of the U. S.  Census Bureau, John H.  Thompson, announced his retirement this week in the wake of a disagreement with Congress over funding for the 2020 census. The census is conducted every 10 years. The results determine how many seats in Congress and electoral votes that each state receives, and it helps guide how more than $400 billion is spent each year on education, health and infrastructure.","We're joined now by Robert Groves. He's former director of the U. S.  Census Bureau. He's now the provost of Georgetown University. Mr.  Groves, thanks so much for being with us.","Good morning. Great to be with you.","Congress has approved nearly $1. 5 billion to fund the census this fiscal year, and it's supposed to be the same for next year. Is that enough?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,1,3]}
{"text":["No, no, no. We have also identified 39 other states that have been impacted crimewise by our kits that were found in Detroit. They're not all rape cases. We also have some homicides, some other types of cases that testing rape kits will also help to solve.","What have you discovered might help processing this huge number of rape kits?You need more money, personnel - what do you need?","Well, when we first started, there really was no road map. So we kind of had to put it together ourselves. And the first thing that is of notice, Detroit was a near-bankrupt city. And so we had no money. At that time, it cost anywhere from $1,200 to $1,500 per kit back in '09 to test them. So we're looking at a multimillion-dollar problem just to get them tested. And it doesn't do any good to test them all if you're not going to follow up and investigate and prosecute them like you should have done - or like it should've been done - when this first happened. So those are the challenges we are facing. But my first challenge is basically begging and pleading with foundations, with Detroit businessmen and -women, with the general public - to basically fund the project.","Did you run into resistance from people who said, look, this sounds like a good thing to do, but Detroit's a city filled with good things to do?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Have they created new numbers?I mean, what kind of mystery can there be about this when, as far as I'm concerned, I thought all the numbers had already been assigned.","Ah. But it's like gossiping about your friends. It's not the fact that you have the friends, it's things you learn about them that you didn't know and you think, wow, have they been doing this all that time?","I'm surprised you have any friends after that, but go ahead.","I'm losing them as I speak, I realize that. What was really exciting about this was until, I think it was maybe April or May of this year, nobody had been able to prove that there were infinitely many of these pairs. And the question's been around for - in a sense, it's been around for thousands of years. It's been looked at in detail for 100 years. No one really came close to proving it. But then in May, this adjunct faculty member at the University of New Hampshire got pretty close by mathematical standards."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["The show was political. I mean, it didn't shy away from really difficult issues, took sharp aim at President Trump on several occasions. Did that play into Netflix's decision to cancel it, do we have any idea?","I don't get any sense that Netflix canceled it over the political content. If anything, the political content is one of the reasons why they treated this cancellation a bit differently and a bit more gently than they ordinarily do - because there were not a lot of shows out there about a Latin American family with a predominantly Latinx cast dealing with these issues about immigration, LGBTQ issues. You know, every episode has some kind of hot-button subject. You know, one of the characters is a recovering alcoholic. Another has PTSD from serving in the military. So it touched on a lot of things.","And that was one of the things the audience loved about it. I don't think, based on a lot of the other content Netflix has, that that would have been a reason to get rid of it. I think it was purely a financial decision or, you know, whatever the finances actually were.","And the show can't just get plucked up by someone else."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["About the South, I think what's missing is an attention to the ways that we have progressed but the paradox of that progress here for many folks. We're not getting to those deep structures because the South is so glittery now. We have Starbucks, and we have Whole Foods. And there are cranes in the sky, as Solange Knowles would say, all across the South. We're in the newest New South. There are lots of stories about growth and progress. But, again, at what cost?On whose backs?","And so about Memphis, I think what we miss is that because we have seemingly healed in the form of a museum, in the form of commemoration, in the form of reckoning with this assassination that we're on the upswing, that we're moving forward. But as I mentioned earlier, I feel that time has stood still and gone backwards and circled around us in a lot of ways here and that what gets missed is that there are people in the middle of this play of politics, in the middle of this history who are crushed but that still are striving in ways that are remarkable and beautiful. There is joy. There is dancing. There is singing. Sometimes, I hop into a church just to hear the sounds of joy that come out. And I think that gets lost in the way that we talk about the city in the national media.","Zandria Robinson is a sociology professor at Rhodes College and a Memphis native. Thank you very much.","Thank you."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["So in 1996, there was something called the Dickey Amendment. And that resulted in federal funding being taken away for gun violence research. Even after Newtown and after President Obama had issued the executive order for the CDC to be able to study the cause of gun violence, there's still been a lot of hesitation to do that. You know, gun violence is responsible for about as many deaths as sepsis is. But funding for gun violence research is equivalent to 0. 7 percent of the funding that's allocated for sepsis. When you think about this in the big picture, we have such a public health crisis that we're dealing with yet not enough research and evidence that's being put into the system to figure out how we can develop solutions that are going to really make a difference.","You've actually experienced this from the other end. You were shot when you were 17. Tell me what happened.","After a high school football game one evening, I was nearly killed after being shot in the throat with a 38-caliber bullet. A lot of 17-year-olds don't appreciate the fact that they're mortal, don't realize, you know, kind of the importance of their family and other aspects like that. And when that injury happened to me, it really changed my life. It inspired me to want to be able to give other people the same second chance that I was given.","Dr.  Joseph Sakran is the director of Emergency General Surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Thank you so much."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Well, that would be an interesting question. Right now, we make a decision. We say we're going to harden particular targets to make them difficult for terrorists to attack. So yes, terrorists do act rationally and choose another target - they choose a less hardened target. The question is whether it could respond very rapidly to changing information.","Large terror attacks take a lot of work and a lot of planning. And if the market predicted a high probability of an attack in a particular place, it's not as though it's a trivial matter for a terror group to suddenly switch all of its resources to another place. I'm not suggesting this would work. It would be a tool that would be used alongside other tools. And I'm just suggesting an experiment to see if it can improve the accuracy of intelligence forecast.","And what do you say to those people who say - my God, this is hideous?It's blood money.","It is hideous in a sense. It is. There's no question. I share the revulsion of people who say - but people shouldn't profit from this. On the other hand, if allowing people to profit from this, from making these predictions, improved our ability to predict, then it might be something worth trying because of the lives it would save on the other side."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3,1]}
{"text":["So I shaved my head kind of as a social experiment, you know?And sure enough, no more hey, baby, you know?But suddenly I was public enemy No. 1. People thought I was a skinhead or some kind of punk that was going to break something or steal something.","People were visibly intimidated - which, again, here's a girl moving through the world, craving eye contact, craving human connection, even fleeting connection, passersby, you know?And so the fact that people no longer even would look me in the eye was - it really weighed on me, and it started to accumulate in my chest. Even people who are politely nervous just eventually enraged me.","(Singing) I am not an angry girl, but it seems like I've got everyone fooled. Every time I say something they find hard to hear, they chalk it up to my anger and never to their own fear.","You had - as you talked about in the book, you were struggling with this idea of how to make art and how to sell your art or even if you should."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2]}
{"text":["It will need to come from all of those sources, but it also has to - we have to take into account that the economic policies that are encouraged in things like bio-fuel all drive up the cost of fuel. So trading policies, agricultural policies that force people to engage in a form of agriculture that destroys the land, increase the price of food and pushes us further towards a global crisis.","Well, Bill, thanks so much.","Any time.","Bill Fletcher is a senior scholar with The Institute for Policy Studies and a former president of TransAfrica Forum."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["It's a love letter to my mother. I love my mother very, very much. She gave me everything. She was a wonderful mother. She gave me the most magnificent childhood in Edinburgh, and she had no pattern for that. She was suffering so much as a child. She was kept very closeted. Nobody ever told her anything of love. She was very, very solitary, lonely and unhappy child. And yet she invented herself and became this wonderful mother to me.","And at the same time, I felt that her version of events, which was utter doom and terrible villainy, couldn't necessarily be completely true because everybody's version of their story is slightly different.","Of course.","And so I wanted to turn it and turn it like a kaleidoscope to see whether I could see what these people's motives really were. And was it so terrible?"],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,3]}
{"text":["We're hoping that this research kind of paves the way to looking at novel high-speed adhesives. So how do you grab things - difficult things - very, very quickly?And so, like, if you were to grab something that's dusty, like a brick, or furry, duct tape's not going to be able to stick to either of those things. You know, you're going to have to use something like claws or grabbing mechanisms. But we think that with this new type of thick, viscous fluid coating a very soft substrate, that it will be able to grab oddly textured things very quickly. So in my mind, I'm dreaming of a - like, a frog tongue attached to a drone, and the drone can fly around and pick up packages really quickly and fly away.","Do you mind me asking - after a day in the lab - I'm just guessing- do you just want to go home and fast?I mean, it must be difficult to eat anything.","(Laughter) There are times that - especially in the beginning - where I had the smell of frog in my nose for at least an hour, and I couldn't eat anything. But by the end of the study, I'd been - you know, I was eating frog legs every week - part of the study.","Oh, no. Seriously?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,1,3]}
{"text":["Yes, absolutely.","What do you mean?","Well, I've been through a lot. People don't like talking about things that hurt. Usually we like to skip over that stuff because it brings up something that's unpleasant, but honestly it's the only way that I feel like some of those things have purpose because of somebody else's journey. And I really believe, you know, the quote from the Scriptures that says, all things work together for my good. All things work together for my good, not just the stuff I liked, not just the stuff that felt really great in the highs in my life that were wonderful, even not selling records has worked for my good because my ego is not in a place where you can't be in the same room with me and fit.","I'm not in a place that when I see an unwed mother at 17, that I go, she probably didn't have no mama that cared about her. I had a mama that cared and I could have been that girl. And because of knowing that it could have been me, when I see them the emphatically in heart is different than somebody else's who doesn't know what it's like to be that girl whose been manipulated and her innocence stolen from her. It was stolen from me, and I know what that feels like. And you feel by yourself, you feel damaged goods."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Now, for a general, basic financial book, get \"Smart and Simple Financial Strategies for Busy People\" by Jane Bryant Quinn. I love Jane's work. It's a really easy book to read. You don't even have to read it from beginning to end. You can skip chapters as it applies to you.","OK.  Last question, Michelle. This comes from Jennifer Melsaff(ph) from Mulino, Oregon. She's married to a construction superintendent who recently was laid off. They're worried about their mortgage. The payments are about $650 a month. Jennifer has already turned a 30-year mortgage into a 12-year mortgage, which means she doubled each of her monthly payments. She asked if she should pay off the mortgage quickly, making higher payments now, or should she put the put the money into savings and stick to the low $650 payment.","Because her husband has lost a job, I would stop making the extra mortgage payments. They need to preserve cash until he gets another job. So if it takes longer for her husband to get a job, they have the money to pay for the everyday expenses like food and utilities and such.","Michelle Singletary answering your questions. Thank you so much, Michelle."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["When I was in a refugee camp, I did everything to survive, you know. And me and my friends, we used to go and steal chickens, and we used to go and pretend to other staff, so just to make a living and I've reached here because of the horrible things I've done but I'm saying it's not great but sometimes we are forced to sin to make a living.","(Singing) We used to raid(ph) villages Steal in chickens, goats and sheeps Anything we could eat I knew it was rude But we needed food And therefore I was","Forced to sin, forced to sin To make a living Forced to sin. . .","You know, at this point in time you've seen so many things that other people haven't and you've written that into your music. Are you hopeful that your music can transform lives?"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["What was the basis on which you were denied?","They said that we need to request a formal tour. And this is the problem. You know, I was at Homestead yesterday - the facility in Florida that houses 2,700 mostly teenage migrants. You think about it - they do these guided tours only at very specific times when they have a lot of notice about when people are going to come through. I'm told that lawyers who represent the kids in there have to sign a nondisclosure agreement so that they can't talk about the conditions in there.","It makes you wonder, what are they hiding?Why do we keep seeing images of overcrowding and of terrible living conditions, and then journalists go in there on one of these guided tours, and everything seems to be fine?","You visited another community center where there are migrant families or children. What did they tell you?Have you been able to get any reports?Or did any people who'd been in those facilities have anything to say to you about what the conditions were there?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,1]}
{"text":["I think that for, me Hillary is a policy wonk. I'm focused on public policy, and I'm thinking about action and thinking about what people say, how they present themselves, and whether or not they sound really credible on hardcore concrete ideas and proposals. And she just emerges as that person for me.","So, Congresswoman, why did you change your mind?","Combination of things. We've been through a campaign period. Barack Obama has paid some dues, and he's rebuilt himself. We got to know a bit more about him. He is talking about issues. The campaign has done what campaigns are supposed to do, and that is to help the public get to know the candidate, what they stand for, what they're willing to do, and whether or not they are tough enough to stay the course. He has met the test. He's paid his dues. He's got the numbers, and he should be the nominee.","Now, we saw a lot of members of the congressional black caucus either switch their superdelegate vote or at the last minute declare, when they were undeclared. What do you think that was about?Why was there this, you know, even before the final election votes were in, why was there this rush to say, you know, to declare?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["And, you know, one can argue about how effective this instance of dueling briefs might have been in illuminating that whole issue for the American public. But it certainly wasn't anything like what we've seen in the current instance where you have, to be quite frank, a blatant use of the House Intelligence Committee for the purpose of trying to pre-emptively discredit findings of the special counsel.","But then - I'm glad you mentioned the disagreement between the two parties about - with the phrase was - what?- enhanced interrogation. . .","Right.",". . . Techniques. Because it is, among other things, the responsibility of Senate and House committees to oversee government action and to step in and make corrections and, for that matter, alert the public when they think intelligence agencies are going over the line, isn't it?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Mr.  Jones\u2026","Yes?","\u2026when you think about the issues of justice and in - for so long, we as African-Americans have and many of us have debated what does justice mean in this life, what does justice mean in the next life, do you think that there is racial justice?Do you think that there will be racial justice on this Earth?","Yes, I do. I believe that we are at a profound transition point. Martin King would say today, there's no way we can make the transition to the 21st century unless we leave the baggage of slavery and racism behind.","And I think to talk about current events, I think that he would both be disappointed and appalled in what's going on in the political discourse. He would be disappointed because when the Senator Obama is criticized in the speech he gave in Philadelphia, Martin would say, well, hold on, America seems to be deeply afflicted by amnesia about how it cheated these African-American people over the past 20th century.","But I think he'd applaud the fact that Senator Obama did what should have been done earlier and needs to be done. You see what Senator Obama did, he walked into the national living room of America and acknowledged and then talked to the 800-pound gorilla of race relations that everybody knew was sitting in there for the 20th century."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3,5]}
{"text":["I love it.","Yeah. What do you like specifically about reading your work to an audience that makes it different, perhaps, from writing it for the page?","It's like playing music to an audience. To play the music and not feel the responsive vibrations, something coming back, is meaningless to me. But what happens in a live context when you are reciting or reading your poetry, it's only partially complete when you're reading it. It's completed when it's received. And poetry's very much like music. It's vibration and frequency. And it affects us in ways that we don't altogether understand. But we know it's happening.","What kind of inspiration did it take to make you into a poet?Who did you read?When did you start reading, or did someone read to you as a child that made you love poetry?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["So, does Teddy Roosevelt still come to life when it gets dark at the museum?","People would like to think so, and this is part of the imagination that you need to have when you're visiting a natural history museum. To go back to your point about whether the dioramas are old hat, well, sure. In one way they certainly are. They represent a very old kind of technology. But I look at it a little bit differently. It's a 3-D theater in a way that TV cannot be. We have a beautiful diorama of bison herds from some indefinite time in the 19th century when they still had large herds, and that is so realistic that you think, if you just saw an image of it, that it had to have been taken yesterday somewhere in Wyoming.","Ross MacPhee, curator of the Hall of North American Mammals at the American Museum of Natural History. Thanks so much for being with us.","Most welcome."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Well, what it does is it does away with the prohibition against rating on pre-existing conditions, meaning that if you have a pre-existing condition - and about a third of us do - that you could be charged a much higher rate for insurance. So let me give you an example. Somebody is working, they have insurance, and they have a catastrophic illness - cancer, some other calamity. They have to stop working because they need to get their condition taken care of. If they're out for 60 days, they lose their insurance. And now, they have to pay whatever the insurance company decides is the premium because they are - now have a pre-existing condition. Somebody in that situation may never be able to accumulate enough money to pay the very high premiums and get back on the cycle of having continuous insurance coverage.","Now, of course, Speaker Ryan looks forward to what are called now high-risk pools. These would be plans that are essentially devoted to try and accommodate people who have expensive and pre-existing conditions. You're not convinced that would do it.","Well, I think that the problem with those is in the fine print. First of all, very often they are not adequately funded. And many of the high-risk pools have lifetime caps, lifetime limits.","What kind of reforms would you like to make?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3,2]}
{"text":["I think you maybe missed your calling as a cybercriminal, Scott. Criminals are always looking to, what is the formula that makes paying the ransom worth it to the person who I'm attacking?So I'm absolutely certain that you're right that you will see an uptick in at least attempts to do this in other cities.","Cities have computer experts, right?Shouldn't they be avoiding these attacks somehow?","I think it's a pretty sensitive issue. In the case of Baltimore, the mayor came out and publicly blamed the National Security Agency for having lost some exploits several years ago that had resulted in the attack that they sustained. But at the same time, there had been a patch available that the city hadn't put in place.","You know, nationwide, there was an enormous lack of people with cybersecurity skills. City governments aren't known for their enormously high salaries. So I think you'll see the competition at tech firms, at big banks making it very hard for these cities to have enough people in place."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,0]}
{"text":["Same for the rap charts and also pop. I mean, you said that this is a city that has an impact on black music. You know, Atlanta has made black music popular music. These are artists that are on the Hot 100, the biggest songs in the country. So, I am very hopeful.","Dee Dee, same thing.","Right. For me, you know, I look at the new emerging talents like Jazzpects and Hollywierd and Proton. You know, I see a whole new 'nother birth of musicians coming up, and again, just being on the live music scene last night, I was at the Smith's Olde Bar to see Anthony David and Jazzpects and Redlands and Proton and Yellow Wolf, which are all underground artists that are stemming away from the norm.","Jazzpects is fusing hip-hop and jazz. And Yellow Wolf, on the total opposite the spectrum, is a white rapper that is - he has a group called the Dixie Mafia that is a really, really - he is an excellent rapper, that is fusing a lot of the blue grass and country and, you know, middle-America stuff with hip-hop."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["People call out sick, and they actually monitor how much an impact the video game has for the movies that were released, for how many people called out sick, and whether work or productivity goes down. So this isn't, you know, an isolated event.","You were mentioning the violence of some of the previous versions. Is it still the kind of game where, for example, you can shoot a police officer virtually?","Yeah. Absolutely it still is that type of game. I mean, this is a mature-rated game, which means, theoretically, that you cannot purchase this game unless you are 17 or older. So, it does have violence. It does have partial nudity in the game. And one thing that's caught some attention by the Mothers Against Drunk Driving in the game is - there is a component, or an element, where you can actually - you make a choice however, whether or not you grab a drink at a bar, and then go driving and then the screen simulates what that experience would be like. And so Mothers against Drunk Driving have stepped out on that.","But this is an adult title. There is - on the box, it says there's alcohol. There's drugs. There's partial nudity, intense violence. So you really want to be concerned if, you know, younger audiences are playing this game, you'd better make sure their maturity level can handle it."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Has the Catholic Church made enough progress in fighting abuse by its priests?That question has renewed urgency after George Pell became the highest-ranking member of the clergy to be formally charged. Cardinal Pell of Australia is a close adviser to the pope. He's been charged with sexual assault. He says he's innocent. Police in Melbourne aren't releasing the details of his accusers.","Joining us to talk about the case from Dublin and the broader questions it raises is Marie Collins. She was until recently on a papal commission dealing with the sexual abuse of children by clergy. Thanks for being with us.","Glad to be here.","So please remind us of your story. How did this come to be an issue in your life?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Michael Ben-Ari is his name. He has had links to the outlawed Kahane movement, which calls for expelling Palestinians. And the Supreme Court disqualified him from running in elections because of his racist statements against Arabs. His far-right party is called the Jewish Strength or the Jewish Power party, and it is still running in elections.","Oh. So this one candidate is gone, but that party is still there. Now, how does that affect Benjamin Netanyahu who you wouldn't describe necessarily as far-right but he is absolutely on the right side of the spectrum?","This actually could help Netanyahu in the polls. He has been seen as legitimizing this far-right party. He recently brokered a deal to merge the party with others on the right wing to consolidate votes and to help him win elections. His base is very fired up about the fact that this far-right candidate has been disqualified but that an Arab party is being allowed to run.","Oh, well let's talk about that very briefly, if we can, because we've heard some headlines to that effect - people on the right saying if you elect this center-left coalition, it's going to bring Arabs to power. In what way, if at all, is that true?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Oh, yes. You know, capitalism evolved into the Wild, Wild West form of capitalism in which regulation was relatively lax, I mean, which leverage in borrowing produced the combined phenomena where, you know, everyone assumed that prices of everything would always go up and never go down. Witness the phenomena with housing prices.","Now, all of that's changed. We've understood that there's a need for regulation, for control in terms of lending, and for an assumption of reduced expectations in terms of return. And so, yeah, capitalism as defined over the past 10 or 20 years, in which prices only went down for a year or two, and then they snapped back up and reached for accelerated and new highs, those days are disappearing quickly.","Bill Gross is Managing Director of Pacific Investment Management Company, which has more than $720 billion of investments. Bill, thank you.","Thank you very much, Alex."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Right. And I think you do see that. And it's interesting you bring up health care. The Koch network has spent hundreds of millions of dollars over the years running issue ads and other advertising themed around health care, pointing to that as a critical issue for them. And I think you're starting to see them move away from that, move towards touting the tax overhaul that Republicans passed last year as a big achievement. I do think that if the tax overhaul hadn't passed, Republicans would have a lot more problems raising money that cycle. I think that you're going to see some checkbooks more open because they were able to pass that.","Let's turn to the Democrats - you know, oddly less well-known' in terms of just these big names. But we do know Tom Steyer. He is the billionaire hedge fund manager who has become so familiar with his ads calling for the impeachment of President Trump. Where will his money be going?","Mr.  Steyer has said that he's going to spend 30 million to help Democrats. He is really supporting the idea of impeaching the president. And so taking the House would allow that to move forward. I think that you're going to see a lot of that money flow into House races, some into Senate and gubernatorial races, which are also important this cycle.","But we do have this split in the Democratic Party, as well, between sort of the more liberal wing, the more activist wing and the other part of the party which is, you know, more traditional. So how will that play out?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["WHYY.","Excellent. And tell us a little bit about your situation. You wrote that you are a member of the sandwich generation. What does that mean?","Well, it means that I'm taking care of children, and I'm also taking care of an elderly mother.","So, you've got a lot of expenses. How are you coping with those expenses right now?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["Now I'm more self-assured, and - but the thing now, which is funny, is that my kids sort of act the way parents, I think, act for most people, you know, when they're teenagers, that I sneak around dating under the noses of my kids. So when they're asleep in the other room, I can have a date and close the door and, you know, not have them know about it.","Have you ever been busted?","No. That's what I have locks on the doors. I'm very good about that.","One time when we were - you know, when I was engaged after the divorce, and I remember one night, the next morning my son said something like, you know, were you hurt last night?Something about the noises he heard the night before, and that was horrifying."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["As a parent, or as a wife, or both?","Well, I mean, how can I answer that?I spend a lot of time at home, especially now that I have kids, so, I'm mostly confronting these situations that involve white people making assumptions about me and my children. But, you know, when we go into Boston, both with my kids and with my husband when he was, you know, my boyfriend, or my fiance, or whatever, and we were living in the city, yes, I think, you know, we certainly got our fair share of double takes and then some. And not very subtle, either, by blacks which I also find just as disconcerting, if not more so.","You mention towards the end of your article that you are hopeful, but not necessarily convinced, that everything is moving in the right direction racially. Why do you think that?","Well, I really just don't know. You know, I am very hopeful because I think that, you know, my biggest fear as a parent is that my kids will somehow feel squeezed between these two identities, and feel forced to choose one. And there are many stories of, you know, friends and acquaintances of mine who are biracial who go through these stages of, you know, rejecting their black parent or feeling embarrassed by their black parent. And then reading \"Malcolm X\" freshman year in college and then rejecting their white parent. I mean, it's a very common thing, or it's not uncommon, at least."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["And how do you?","So what we found works the best is you need champions within that community. You need strong, influential voices that are going to say we need to accept these girls and women back, and the children. These are victims, it was not their fault. They're part and parcel of our society. So what we do is we identify not just the traditional religious and community leaders, but also those who have an influential voice amongst the women in particular in the community, so that they can become those carriers of the messages that these girls, these women, they deserve our support. They deserve our acceptance back. And then we can open up community dialogues so that people - we can't just dismiss that communities have fear. We must address it head on and allow communities to express those fears, but with religious and traditional leaders providing that voice of reason and tolerance so that these girls and women can come back into their communities.","Rachel Harvey of UNICEF in Nigeria. Thanks for joining us.","Thank you very much."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3,3]}
{"text":["You know, he doesn't.","Well, he's not a reporter then - he or she or it. Yes.","He's actually very friendly.","Very friendly, really, and thanks the editor for improving his or her work?","He does. He even asks for changes."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Yeah. Why?","Dan is an institutionalist. He's actually not even a conservative. If you go look at his voting record, he's one of the more moderate members of our conference. But what he's been pushing is a more open and fair system, where more amendments are allowed, more debate is allowed and the Congress is allowed to work as a legislative body. It hasn't been done like that now for the last 10 years, and it certainly hasn't been like that since Mr.  Boehner was chairman (unintelligible). . .","Well, when you say Congress is allowed to work as a legislative body, you understand the frustration that I think very openly Speaker Boehner and some others experience that everybody was talking, but not a lot of business was getting done, that that was the result of all this give and take. And they think at some point, if you're going to be in government, you've got to govern.","Well, there wasn't any give and take. That was the problem. It was regular practice for us - and this doesn't get widely reported - but on a debt ceiling debate, for example, we would do nothing; we do nothing; we do nothing. And then three days before the debt ceiling limit was reached, Mr.  Boehner would walk into a room and say OK, here's what we're doing."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Dale Berra has written a book about his father and family - father most Americans know by just one name, Yogi - Lawrence \"Yogi\" Berra, the Hall of Fame catcher of the Mantle, Maris and Whitey Ford New York Yankees in the 1950s and '60s. Yogi was the American League's Most Valuable Player three times that became almost as beloved as an almost cuddly catcher who babbled with bewildering but good-natured malapropisms like, it's deja vu all over again. He went on to manage the Yankees, then the Mets. Dale Berra was himself a major leaguer with the Yankees, the Pittsburgh Pirates and the Houston Astros, but he brought down his own career with drugs. His new book, \"My Dad Yogi: A Memoir Of Family And Baseball\" - Dale Berra joins us from New York. Thank you so much for being with us.","Thank you, Scott. Thanks for having me.","Your father famously said, I never said most of the things I said. The Yogi-isms - how did he talk at home?","To tell you the truth, Dad, as we like to say, is the most quoted man who never said anything. Dad was just Dad at home."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["Oh, it's kind of odd. Really, it's quiet. The streets are quiet. There's this wariness, though, that, you know, death could burst from the sky at any second. Obviously, this is something that Israelis are experiencing as well with rocket fire there. But here, there are no warning sirens. There's not an Iron Dome to intercept anything. The military strength of Israel is tremendously more powerful than the military strength of Hamas or Islamic Jihad or other groups here. In some cases, Israel does warn people about strikes. For example, I spoke to a woman this morning whose neighbor is part of Hamas, that that person got a phone call this morning to get out of the house. He alerted the neighbors. This is sort of normal. She burst into tears. Her husband said, don't cry in front of the children. She took the kids to a friend's. She went to work.","And a normal life continues in the midst of all this?","Well, in some ways, it has to. If you aren't right next to a rocket attack, you might not even know it happens - or close enough by to hear it. I did speak to a man this morning whose, you know, baby came two weeks early three days ago. And he had to take the baby boy to the doctor last night at night. He had to do it even though he didn't want to be driving around at night. So, yes, people do carry on as they can.","And briefly - we don't have much time - but there have been similar flare-ups like this in recent years. Is there any sense of what's coming next in this conflict?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3]}
{"text":["We understand investigators recovered one block - black box from the crash. And I gather there are two. What can that one box tell you?Do you need the second?","The one black box can tell us some good information. It's a quantum-engineering manufacturer recorder. And what we're doing now is that our recorder specialist is already working with the manufacturer to use their conversion software - it's not unusual to do this - to turn all of those zeros and ones into information we can use, such as the distance traveled, the throttle inputs, the brake system performance, as well as the speed.","So so many eyewitnesses say the train just didn't slow down when it came into the station. Has what you learned supported that view so far?","We don't have the information from the black box yet. And this is just one of the two event data recorders, as well as video footage, that we're collecting. They were forward-facing cameras on both the front and the back end of this train."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["I think that some of the red lines for the Europeans relate to what Iran has threatened to do in its next phase of so-called noncompliance with this nuclear deal. And that relates to increasing the percentage threshold currently in place for enriching uranium. This is going to be a critical aspect of how Iran can expand its nuclear program. And that's where we might see the Europeans escalating this issue at the U. N.  Security Council.","But we're definitely seeing the rhetoric and the sounds from Tehran escalate as the U. S.  pressure campaign mounts on.","That's Ellie Geranmayeh of the European Council on Foreign Relations. Thank you for joining us.","Pleasure."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["The bottleneck. That's this place where this column of ice fell. It tore away lines, fixed ropes that people used to get up and down there. This is a narrow passageway. So you were almost there. And how far is that from the peak of the mountain?","Quite a ways. But, of course, climbing times vary based on people's physical fitness and mental alertness at that altitude, as there's very little oxygen.","At the point where you decided to turn around, just below the bottleneck, the place that later became such a problem, how late in the day was that, and what were the weather conditions like there?","I decided to turn around at around eight o'clock in the morning. And it was - there, it was actually almost too hot. We normally (unintelligible) down suits because the temperature is around minus 20, even on a perfect day. But we were all quite warm."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["We know that many refugees went back to the former Yugoslavia. In the 1990s, there was a mass exodus from Yugoslavia. People have gone back there. But the overall evidence is that 80% of the world's refugees leave their country for at least five years, 20% for at least 20 years. And I think we are dealing with both the crises of diplomacy and the crises of humanitarian aid, and both need to be addressed. Our belief is that America has a proud tradition on which to stand in doing both those tasks.","David Miliband is president and CEO of the International Rescue Committee.","Thank you so much for your time.","Thank you so much, Rachel."],"speaker":["A","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,0]}
{"text":["Absolutely. This is probably one of the most consequential elections in Israel in the last 10 years, since Netanyahu has been in power.","Daniel, thanks so much.","You're welcome.","That's NPR's Daniel Estrin."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["You know, we don't do a lot of cookbooks on this show. Hugh Acheson's latest cookbook fits right in. It doesn't show much cooking. The chef is shown reading in a lawn chair, taking a hot bath, even playing the cello - at least holding the bow over one.","It's a book about what you can cook - if that's quite the word - while you do something else, even for hours. \"The Chef And The Slow Cooker\" is by Hugh Acheson, the acclaimed Canadian Southern chef who owns big-name restaurants in Georgia and is a judge on \"Top Chef. \"He joins us from WABE in Atlanta.","Chef, thanks so much for being with us.","It's great to be here, Scott."],"speaker":["B","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,0,1,3]}
{"text":["Well, her name is Vivian Schiller, as you said. She's currently at thenewyorktimes. com. She runs that website. From my standpoint, it seems like a very impressive pick.","In her career, she's not only led the New York Times, she led Discovery Times Channel on cable, which was a joint venture. It did not play out, but it was very well thought of in terms of the journalism it did, and it sort of allowed the Times to experiment with operation in this multimedia world.","And before that, she was senior vice president, actually, at CNN, where she oversaw their long-form broadcasting, particularly the documentary work. Somebody who's a business manager, clearly, and yet very much steeped in the world of journalism and in the world of new journalism.","And it is a very quickly changing world, isn't it?First of all, there is a lot less money out there now than there was a year ago, right?With advertising falling. . ."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["I think that - you know I think that there a lot of lower pay guys who are, you know, for contracts who are taking - because in other words, you're getting it from somewhere, and this - the money that they're getting paid now is coming from last year. You know, that's what baseball does. I think we will see, next year, we'll begin to see the push back in terms of the long-term contracts, which contracts are taking a hit. But right now, as long as television is there and fans are, you know\u2026","Well, yeah, but are the fans going to be there?Because I'm hearing that the NFL, NBA, major league baseball fans, they're worried that - the clubs are worried because people - season ticket holders who keep thing - whole thing going they may not be re-upping the way they've been in the past.","And that's when you will see - you will see the effect of that next year. You know, right now, baseball is still going on in terms of the salaries. They're going on last year's income, which was record-setting. Now, if they've got a downturn at the turnstile, you were going to see it next year. This time next year, we could be talking about some serious, you know, shrinking, withdrawals, you know, there could be a couple of teams that aren't cutting it. And I'm talking about\u2026","That was danger."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["We cannot tell each time because the publicly available data on Facebook is not - doesn't show you everything. But in many countries, like in Spain, it was actually pretty much two individuals running a coordinated network of pages to spread their message. One was a bit more publicly known. The other one was just, I think, a pensioner in some small island in Spain. And then we saw it all across. Like, it's very fringe-type, sometimes white nationalist. Again, we did not find much political affiliation - only in Germany, where even local and regional AFD politicians were involved in setting up fake and duplicate accounts and be friend with them. And that worried us, as well.","The AFD being that - the far-right party in Germany.","That's right.","Here in the U. S. , as authorities have tried to track disinformation across social media, a lot of the trail has led back to Russia. That's been very much in the headlines here. Did you find that in your investigation in Europe?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["But it was this idea of, well, that's what America is. And it was a very prescribed, very male, very white identity. And it linked up with, you know, I think a very chauvinistic idea about what we do with our military. I think this is all intertwined.","What do you mean about what we do with our military?","Well, in the sense that there is this very shoot-first-and-ask-questions later attitude about when we go out in the world. So I think when we take our values into the world throughout when this happens, throughout the 20th century, I think that there's a lot of good to be said about the intentions on a basic level. You know, we are going to go help people. But oftentimes the idea that the answer is military force, I think that that comes out of a lot of the same idea that this identity of the military as a very masculine, a very - you know, very prescribed idea.","As you follow the news as a journalist over the past many years, which events make you think of this story of the Rough Riders?Which events have resonance?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["It's - conservative - that about eight to 10,000 people died. And that this, to this day, is still the greatest natural disaster to hit this country in terms of devastation, in terms of death toll. It's almost hard to fathom how incredible - the power of this storm and what it did. It literally wiped a city off the map.","And you point out that after this happened, the idea that, you know, that Galveston really had only itself to blame. I mean, this was a natural port, and it was built on a sandbar. It was in most places only about 8 feet above sea level. And to have built it there in the first place would be crazy, and they rebuilt it anyway.","It really was a feat of engineering and of sheer willpower that they constructed a seawall - a 17-foot seawall that ran about three miles. But that wasn't enough. They realized that to protect downtown, they were going to have to raise it. So they literally raised about 500 buildings anywhere from 8 to 18 inches so that it was less susceptible to flooding.","As a weatherman, do you think that you can say now that what happened to Galveston is impossible, that it won't happen again?I don't mean that the storms won't happen again. I mean, Hurricane Katrina was a hideous storm that killed a lot of people, and the property loss was terrible. But do you think that the lessons of storms like that, but especially of Galveston, mean that the loss of life and property on that scale really isn't likely to happen again?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Well, I think everybody is kind of on pins and needles to see what's going to come out of it, see what direction Congress is going to go.","The union recently made certain concessions to help cut costs on their end, including suspending the job bank program, and that's a program where UAW workers can receive nearly full pay for up to two years if their jobs are eliminated. Why make sacrifices like that?","Well, I think the union has been a partner ion this thing. In fact, I was one to help negotiate the jobs bank originally, so I pretty well understand that program. But, if we can turn this thing around, we can keep those working that are there today, so there may not be a need for it.","Of course, any proposed changes would have to be ratified by union members. What do you think the chances are there that these changes would be approved?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["So, what are we to make of Fabulous Fab and his verdict?","They finally got somebody - five years later, yeah. Unfortunately, it's quite the small fry in the grand scheme of things. The Goldman Sachs' trader who put together a deal that the SEC believed - and I think the evidence shows - was deceptive, at least to the people on the other side of the trade. And, you know, unlike everybody else at Goldman, he wrote some emails he really shouldn't have written and made himself a nice, big, fat, juicy target. And the SEC took full and complete advantage.","So, the Justice Department charges that hedge fund with insider trading and then shortly after that this happened. Are we looking at a trend?","Ah. Well, in terms of prosecuting individuals involved in the financial crisis, we are not looking at a trend. We are looking at an end-point. What the trend might be is that we have a new chairwoman at the SEC, Mary White, who's a former prosecutor, who has really beaten the drums about being tough on financial crime. And I think what we are seeing is the beginning of a new toughness by the SEC for which this victory gives them kind of, if nothing else, kind of a moral authority to say we can charge forward and there's a lot more financial crime out there that we are uncovering. And even though it's necessarily related to the financial crisis, we are going to be tougher. We're going to prosecute. We're going to bring tougher civil actions against firms and perhaps individuals. So, I think in that sense it does signal something new."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["The inspector general also alleges that lucrative government contracts were given to friends and former colleagues of the bureau. And this isn't the first criticism by the inspector general of the Minerals Management office. Last year, that office was accused of making mistakes in the royalties that calculated for the industry. It saved companies more than 10 billion dollars. So, at the very least, this latest investigation gives ammunition to the people who say that the Bush administration is too close to the oil and gas industry.","And so, this directly affects taxpayers and consumers?","Well, you know, the head of the Minerals Management Agency says, no, that the agency has been collecting the proper amount of royalties, but the report says some oil companies were allowed to revise their payments downward after their contracts were finalized. And outsiders have to wonder why would the industry be giving gifts to employees of this agency, if they didn't want something in return?","OK. Still on oil, another story. OPEC announced it will be cutting production. What does that mean?","Well, they do want to cut production to keep the price high, but you know, Saudi Arabia said today that it isn't necessarily going to stick to those quotas and produce what the cartel imposed late on Tuesday. So, the prospect that Saudi Arabia might continue to crank out high levels of crude is pushing oil prices down, even as Hurricane Ike barrels down on the Gulf of Mexico."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,0,2]}
{"text":["And why do you choose to move to this country and live in Los Angeles and try to make it here when you're, I guess, a big star back in South Africa?","Because you have to grow. It's fun, you know?And I think America was a great choice because we have such a great shared history in terms of South Africa's past and America's past. You know, we both have a history of slavery. We both have a history of black people fighting for their freedom and independence. And then you both - we both have the very sensitive change now in terms of - people have this like it's - in both countries, you see this subtle racism and, you know, they're struggling to deal with raise and people don't know how to deal with it.","I mean, I've seen out here, people don't even want to say the word black. I don't know when black became negative, but now people go, oh, you shouldn't say black. Yeah, we - you say urban, yeah. Baltimore is going to be real urban, Trevor. That's what people tell me.","And I got to Baltimore, and I was expecting, because urban means built up and new, you know. So I got there and I was, whoa, it's not as urban as people told me, you know, and like - but it's very black. I'll tell you that much. So it's interesting to see, you know?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["She says that the album's title, \"Pleasure,\" came out of a time when she wasn't feeling much of it.","There wasn't a particular thing. I was in a low-grade - just of confusion. Maybe it was like a what - what direction to go next - like, your compass stops working. It might have been from repetition of touring, from being - you know, having been an adult for long enough to have observed what I was doing as an adult. What - how adulthood was looking on me - you know what I mean?And so I think it was just a confluence of a bunch of different factors - you know what I mean?- that was putting me in a state of mind.","Yeah, I think for those of us that are older, we call it a midlife crisis. We have these crises of confidence (laughter). But I don't think that's what was going through you.","I know."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Thank you.","Why don't we start with a song?","Happily.","(Singing) There's a big white house on a leafy street on a summer's day in 1963. Station wagons parked in the drive with dents in the fender and wood on the side. There's kids and dogs and Instamatic cubes squinting hard in the sun. Not just yet, but one day, too, they'll be chasing what's already gone.","(Singing) You grow up tall and you grow up tough, trying to never admit not feeling good enough, until you find your passion and you find your way. Just trying to make it unscathed through every day. And it seems to happen nearly overnight. Life shows you who you've become. When there's no more mystery in the fading light, you're just chasing what's already gone. Like the line that spells the far horizon, moving with you as fast as you can run. Half your life, you pay it no attention. The rest you can't stop wondering what you should have done instead of chasing what's already gone."],"speaker":["B","A","B","B","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, thereafter, we may be singing Christmas carols in the Capitol. It's brinksmanship, of course. They're just trying to get everybody focused and trying to get everybody to actually vote for the basic spending bills, get Congress to do their routine business. It's not routine, though, because Republican leaders can't get enough of their members to vote for spending bills. So they need Democratic votes to get the bills across the finish line. And those come with a price tag, including, for example, the issue of the DREAMers, the. . .","Yeah.",". . . People who were brought here by their parents when the parents came to the country illegally.","And how do they breach the differences between the House and Senate bills, when the promises some Republican Senate leaders made to get the votes of, say, Susan Collins of Maine and Jeff Flake of Arizona, seem to be no longer - are not contained in the House version?And the House leaders say nope, we're not going to have them."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3,0]}
{"text":["We're in the last few weeks of the Supreme Court's current term, and justices still have loads of decisions to hand down - two dozen, to be precise. And some of those may come as soon as Monday. We'll bring in NPR's legal affairs correspondent Nina Totenberg. Nina, thanks so much for being with us.","My pleasure, as always, Scott.","Twenty-four cases in which there are no decision. I gather a dozen could be of particular interest. Which ones do you most anticipate?","Well, there are three big ones. The first is what I call the cross case. This is a giant cross on public property in Bladensburg, Md. It's a World War I war memorial. And civil libertarians have objected to it because they see the cross as a symbol of Christianity and that it ought to be on private property, maintained with private funds, not taxpayer money. We're going to see what the court does with that. My suspicion is that they're going to let the cross stand. And whatever they write probably will have a lot of impact on religious symbol cases in the future."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["I was just going to say, would this result, from their point of view, represented defeat?","Definitely. I mean, definitely that they are in a - they lost some seats, first of all, a couple seats. But also, I think, they are definitely concerned about the rise of Yair Lapid with this issue and Netanyahu's agreement to tackle this issue. Netanyahu had actually agreed last year to take on this issue. He - you'll might remember that he formed a larger coalition with the Kadima party, which at that time was very large, and the promise was that they were going to address the draft issue. And they spent about 70 days in this coalition supposedly working on it but it blew up because Netanyahu would not push it with the ultraorthodox. And so the coalition - that coalition fell apart or the Kadima left.","And now, it - he seems to say he's going to do it now. He talks - talked today about the draft as - or the sharing the burden is kind of the terminology here that (unintelligible) of election, share the burden. He mentioned that as one of three principles on what the new coalition will be formed.","And this is also partly in response to rulings from the Israeli courts."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Yes, yes.","Carla. And they record a song.","OK. Things are starting to click here clearly. What does that recording say about where Stax was going?","Stax is picking up the sound of the street and embracing it. And even though these are white people and black people making the record, there's none of the strife that's outside the door."],"speaker":["A","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["You know, it was actually that friends started hearing we were doing this and said, well, have you thought about sharing them?So, about a year ago, I rounded up 10 or 12 people in town, and I said, OK, I'm going to mail you, I'm going to email you a math problem every night. Try it with your kids and tell me what happens. And within days, people were telling me that their kids were starting to bug them for the math problem every night.","Mm-hmm. Give me a sample of a math problem. Give us a math problem sample.","Sure. So, a couple of days ago, we did one on animals that have eight legs. And, you know, how do you walk when you have eight feet without tripping over yourself?So I actually watched a video of a crab walking to see how they do this. There's also a spider video out there. I couldn't bring myself to watch that. That was going to give me nightmares. But I watched the crab one, and there's a pattern.","The four feet on one side go one, three, two, four, and the ones on the other side do the same thing, alternating. So if the pattern is one, five, three, seven, two, six, four eight, and then you do one, five, three again, which leg takes the next step?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Did you get an answer?","We did not. I guess - I suppose an answer in sort we're saying why; we don't know when it's going to be released. And then as we dug into it further, the answer that we really got was it was a White House decision.","You're hearing this from who - from - when you're reaching out to the Pentagon, they're telling you - ask the White House?","Correct. Yes."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["So you're comparing yourself in this book to a great revolutionary. And in this book you write: Almost 30 years ago, I tried to write a book I hoped might free my brother from a life sentence in the penitentiary. Everything written after that book - and basically didn't work - everything written after that book worked even less. Are you upset that words can't change more?","Well, I'm upset, and I also know better than to think that they really can. What words change - the power of words is to change the individual's sensibility, to change the individual conscience. And every now and again, there are words which allied or aligned with politics and good luck and external conditions in the world. There are words and phrases and slogans that really can manifest change.","What specifically - if you had to pick a phrase from him, what would it be?","It would be: Make of me a man who questions. Make of me a man who questions. And I would certainly put that on a T-shirt and wear it around."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Good morning, Scott.","You have seen the Saudi statement. What does it tell you about how the kingdom is handling the crisis?","What we see is that for the first time, officially, the Saudis say that Jamal Khashoggi is dead. The account places blame on senior advisers - none of them royals - for a policy that's gone terribly wrong. The Saudis now admit that there's a standing order to bring dissidents back to the kingdom by force, if necessary. But the account lays the blame on these senior security officials who went beyond the order. They killed this dissident journalist. They covered up the murder. Why did the Saudi leadership fail to confirm his death earlier?Bad news travels slowly to the top is how one Saudi defender put it on Twitter. These latest accounts distanced the top leadership and especially the powerful crown prince. But there are so many questions left to be answered.","One of the biggest right in front of us - where is Mr.  Khashoggi's body?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["And there are a lot of road riders or mountain bikers or anyone who is more of an enthusiast - they're paying $2,000, $3,000, $4,000 for a bike, and that same percentage price increase will apply to them as well. The bike doesn't get any cheaper because of the tariffs or the kind of bike riding you like to do. So bike prices will probably go up, you know, $1,000 on a $4,000 bike.","How soon do you think that this impact will be felt?","I think it'll be felt by the end of the summer. So anything that's manufactured and delivered after June 1 will cost more to import into the U. S.  And so that price will be seen in these mom and pop shops that rely on sometimes a shrinking consumer base to sell their products to.","And if the price goes up to that degree, what effect is this going to have on these shops?","Well, a bicycle isn't like a gallon of milk, you know?The demand can fluctuate. And so the demand for bicycles will probably go down. We're seeing bike shops close because in some areas, the demand for bicycling is going down. And this is a huge blow if you consider anyone having to sell bikes 25% to 50% increase in price."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[4]}
{"text":["He had a very special place in the music pantheon.","He really did, and those people live forever.","Absolutely.","People like Marvin Gaye and Donny Hathaway and Nat King Cole and Luther Vandross. That's why we say the late, great. And people used to say that about my dad, and I didn't - I only heard it about daddy, you know, the late, great, Donny Hathaway. And I say it about Luther as well. You know, his - it's such a void created that it will never be filled again."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Good to be with you, Scott.","So do you see the governor getting through the weekend?","It's hard to see how he can continue in politics, Scott. The visuals here are a hideous reminder at the very beginning of Black History Month of what passed for college humor not too long ago. Northam may be a changed man today. All indications are that he's been an agent of change and racial healing as a man in the military, a man of medicine in Virginia. And it just is so difficult to see how he can go on now with all these calls from all of his allies for him to step down.","And to repeat, it was in his medical school yearbook, and this must have been some kind of ticking time bomb."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["(Soundbite of song \"St.  James Infirmary\"):","(Singing) I've been down to St.  James infirmary And saw my baby lying there. He was stretched out on a long white pillow. So sweet. So cold. So fair.","Let him go, let him go. God bless him. Wherever he may be. He can look this whole wide world over. And never find a sweet girl like me.","You have done so many different types of music. You have done the Monkeys, you know. What's coming up next for you?I don't know if you've already started work on another album or thought about it, but what direction do you think you're heading in next?"],"speaker":["B","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well. . .",". . . National security officers out there speaking about it?","I could tell you a couple of dozen major news reports that turned out to be false based on the actual report that Robert Mueller issued. So when the president called those stories fake news at the time, you know, folks like you dismissed it, but it turned out he was right.","Now, it does seem like he's dismissing it, and he's being dismissive of it. I'm not sure he completely understands the implications of the impeachment inquiry. I think Nancy Pelosi is the smartest person in Washington right now. And I think she didn't pull the trigger on this without knowing that she had more ammunition in her guns."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["She - of all the characters I've written, she's the only one who came to me sort of fully formed. At the start of the book, she's six years old. And to me, she's sort of this very curious, trusting, defiant young girl whose chief attribute is this kind of rebellion against unknowing. She wants to know as much as possible. And the central arc of the book is essentially her life and how her desire to know - her curiosity is sort of used against her during this war.","Sarat is forced to flee with her family, and she ends up in a vast refugee camp where she gets recruited, essentially. She becomes a weapon in this civil war, and she's kind of transformed by hate. She seems like she's not exactly a heroine that you'd read about in \"The Hunger Games\" but something rather darker.","Yeah. I didn't want to write a book with good guys and bad guys and a clear dividing line between them. The idea behind writing it when I first started had to do with the idea of the universality of revenge. There's no sort of foreign way of suffering - that any of us subjected to enough evil will become evil ourselves.","Is this a book about how someone becomes a terrorist?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["One last, I think, pretty blunt question we've got in 40 seconds left - why is President Trump more critical of Alec Baldwin than he is of Vladimir Putin on this week when Putin shows an animated video of Russian missiles smacking Florida?","I, you know - I think if you look at the President Trump style with ISIS as an example - he doesn't like to tip his hand. He was critical of the last administration by declaring departure dates, and so forth and things going on in the Middle East. And I think he's been tougher on Russia and Vladimir Putin than any other administration, at least the last two.","Really?","And so I would say, stay tuned to that. He's pretty predictable in that way."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,3,0]}
{"text":["Everybody else in the theater did. I didn't.","Oh, yeah, right.","Every single person cried except for me.","Oh, yeah, because they were only slicing onions for you?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3,2,3]}
{"text":["DR.  GABRIEL FITZPATRICK: Well, all I can say is we too in this area are having some positive news stories from patients who have recovered from of Ebola, but this is not due to any experimental medical treatment which is available. When a patient is admitted here with Ebola, they're given various forms of supportive medical treatment such as anti-malaria treatments or spectrum antibiotics, which can treat chest infections, urinary tract infections. And they're also provided IV hydration if that's required. And these have some effects on reducing the mortality rates associated with Ebola, but there are - I have to say - not a treatment for Ebola.","Seven out of 10 patients that you admit for treatment with Ebola die. It must be going through your mind what have they done there at Emory in Atlanta that we might be able to use here because they seemingly saved two lives there.","In the situation I am working here at the moment, we have no experience with any experimental drugs. And I am not in a position to comment on that because we are here at the invitation of Sierra Leone. And we cannot do things that break the law, only with possibly faced expulsion. So everything we have done is in conjunction with the government of Sierra Leone. And we will continue to do that. But obviously MSF welcomes any new novel treatments. They should be made available as quickly as possible to patients if they're found to be of adequate value.","Dr.  Fitzpatrick, I am told you have a family back in Dublin?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["My pleasure, Scott.","Tell us about Don McGahn, if we could. He was the campaign's lawyer, right?","He was. He built a career here in Washington representing a lot of politicians on campaign finance and ethics issues. One of his more prominent clients was Tom DeLay, the former House majority leader, a Texan better known as The Hammer.","The Hammer."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["NPR's Sylvia Poggioli says the showdown speaks to deeper tensions between populists and liberals, tensions we've seen playing out across Europe. And Sylvia joins me now from Rome. Hey, there.","Hi, there.","So tell us exactly what has unfolded here. This all began back on June 12.","That's right. That's when the captain of the NGO ship Sea-Watch, 31-year-old Carola Rackete, and her crew rescued 53 migrants off the coast of Libya. They decided to head for the closest safe port, which is the Italian island of Lampedusa. But Italy's populist Interior Minister Matteo Salvini has introduced a controversial security decree that bans NGO migrant ships from entering Italian ports. He claims they essentially are in cahoots with human traffickers. But after two weeks on the high seas, the standoff continued.","And just to be clear, Sylvia, they were just circling in the waters out there for two weeks, trying to figure out what to do next."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Qatar would like to improve its relationship with the U. S.  government, which has supported a Saudi-led economic blockade of the small Persian Gulf power. Qatar didn't just hire well-known K Street lobbyists and powerbrokers. It targeted people they believe President Trump listens to - a radio broadcaster, a real estate developer, a commentator and former presidential candidate - and gave them all-expense paid trips to Qatar and, usually, a consulting fee. Qatar's regime believed if it could win over people that President Trump listens to, he might change his mind. Now, that's according to a news story published in The Wall Street Journal by Julie Bykowicz, who joins us now. Thanks very much for being with us.","Thank you.","Tell us how this is done. You begin the story by talking about Alan Dershowitz, whose name doesn't usually come up when you're talking about Qatar.","Sure. He's not an elected official. He's not in the administration. But what Mr.  Dershowitz does bring to the table, at this point, that lobbyists have identified is President Trump really likes this guy. And so other lobbyists have picked up on this, and the two gentlemen that I interviewed for this Qatar story said they identified him as someone that could potentially be influential. What Alan Dershowitz is thinking, perhaps President Trump would begin thinking as well."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Those same streaks are in Europe. We're seeing people who are rebelling against the European Union, the open market, the open borders, who are rebelling against migration and refugees and who have lost out or feel that they have lost out on globalization and trade and are now opposing trade. So the same phenomenon we see here in the United States you also see in Europe. And in that sense, we are having a crisis that really affects Western liberal democracies writ large.","I wonder what you'd say, Mr. Ambassador, to a citizen of Belgium or France who might say now a united Europe is just too bureaucratic and too centralized to protect its population.","Well, I think that is a sentiment you are hearing increasingly in places like Belgium and France that - the problem is that the threat is not just from without but it is also from within. Belgian citizens, people born in Belgium, blew up the metro station and airport, where French citizens born in France who blew up the concert hall and stadium in - last November.","That threat needs to be dealt with not only by the countries themselves but can more effectively be dealt with by the Europeans coming together, sharing intelligence, which is not what they're doing right now, protecting their external borders much better than they have been able to do, rather than each individually trying to deal with this challenge."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,3,3]}
{"text":["And both the Republican, Mark Harris, and the Democrat, Dan McCready, have weighed in on these allegations. What have they said?","So McCready went first. He said on Thursday that Harris has bankrolled criminal activity. That's a reference to a Bladen County political operative who pushed people to vote absentee by mail and then allegedly illegally harvested their ballots.","Now wait. When you say harvested, that means, you know, picking them up, opening them and discarding the ones you don't want?","Well, not necessarily. It definitely means that he picked them up from voters, which is illegal in North Carolina. You know, in this state, once you - it's your mail ballot, and you're responsible for getting it to the mailbox or to the Board of Elections. So this operative kind of went and collected them. We don't know exactly what he did with them."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2]}
{"text":["She's going, this - you know, this mother, she can't leave her calf. We can't get her to go out. And - but you can't be trying to drag out a dead baby as well. Another friend had the exact opposite. The mother had died and the calf was alive and trying to work out how we can save this calf and get it out. And as you can imagine, that is - it's about as hard as it comes.","Oh, gosh. Mr.  Lamason, do we know why the whales do this?","We don't know. And there's a lot of theories around. But if you had to design a piece of landscape to capture whales, Golden Bay is pretty much perfect. It's a - quite a closed-in bay. It's got this large spit sweeping around, and the seabed out from there is very shallow for quite some kilometers. And there's a great chance that these whales were coming in here to feed and have made a poor choice about how close they can get in.","And is there anything human beings can or should do to try and help the whales?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["It's called a poor choice. On one innocent New Year's Eve in the early 1980s, I went to a party with all my friends. And justification, rationalization - everybody's doing it. I'm the only kid who's - just has a couple beers and is not doing coke. So you know what?I try it. And you know what happened?I'm not like everybody else. I liked it too damn much. And what it did was take away the split-second timing of being able to hit a major league fastball and to do the geometry that you need to do to run down ground balls and throw accurately. It just took a split second off me. And I had a 10-year career. But I would have been, in my opinion, an all-star-type player a couple years. And the morals - incredibly, the morals and values that my dad instilled in me made me a good cocaine user, so to speak.","I don't understand that at all. The morals your father instilled in you made you a good cocaine user.","Here's how. Here's how. I was never late for a game, never would think about playing a game on coke. I was raised too well to do that. I convinced myself that I was OK.","Painful as it is but also, I think, instructive to those of us who loved your father - could you tell us about the time when he called you up and said, get over here?And it was - your father and your brothers wanted to talk to you about all this."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["Am I wrong to see in this novel a theme that the relics we worship are often no more than making a choice among frauds?","You know, Frederick - he had 19,000 of these things.","Yeah.","You know, everything. Frederick was called Frederick the Wise. This was a very learned man. And you think, well, wait, you know, how could he have really thought this was, you know, the - a strand of Jesus's hair or a piece of straw?And the answer is, I suspect he didn't in his heart of hearts, but his - the overriding theology, if you will, was I think he thought that if relics make people more pious, where's the harm?I'm attracted to that notion. If it - if belief in a, you know, a bone leads you to praying to be a better person - how quickly I descend into truism - where's the harm?"],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2]}
{"text":["But I'm sure that there's something else that you want to share with us. You have your poems about California, poems about the blues.","I've got one. The once called \"Who I Am in Twilight. \"And it's a poem that is actually emblazoned on the sidewalk. And it's set in stone, as it were, on something called \"Poetry Walk\" in Berkeley, California. They put down on sidewalk, Addison Street, about a hundred poets', I think, work. So it's fun to go over there and see how posterity works, because always somebody has dropped some pizza on it, mashed out a cigarette on it, or something like that.","So don't live for posterity, live for now. But here it is. \"Who I am in Twilight. \"","Like John Lee Hooker, like Lightnin' Hopkins, like the blues himself. The Trickster Sonnet, hoedown, the tango, the cante jondo. Like blessed spirituals and ragas, custom-made. Like sagas. Like stories. Like slick, slow, sly, soliloquies sliding into dramas. Like crime and punishment. Like death and birth. Canal Street, New Orleans. Like the easy, erasable, troubled voices a whirling ceiling fan makes in deep summer nights in hot, un-heavenly hotels. Oklahoma, Arkansas, Tennessee. Like the Mississippi River so deep and wide, you couldn't get a letter to the other side. Like Grand Canyon. Like Yosemite National Park. Like beans and cornbread. Like rest and recreation. Like love and like. I know we last. I know our bleeding stops."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3,1,2,3]}
{"text":["Xie xie.","Xie xie. Well, Alonzo Bland, xie xie. Thank you so much for sharing your story with us today.","Thank you.","Alonzo Bland is living in Tianjin, China. He's at the Aimin Fat Reduction Hospital, hoping to lose 400 pounds."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, I was there at the time and I didn't think that Ukraine would take off at all. The first problem was that there were no good economic thinkers at all in Ukraine. All the thinking was really done in Moscow. And the other part was political, that Ukraine came together through a coalition of Ukrainian nationalists in the West who wanted to have an independent state and the old corrupt nomenklatura who wanted to stay in power, and in effect they did.","Hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians have been camping out in downtown Kiev, calling for change, more of a turn towards the West. What do you make of the protest movement when you have this agreement?Is it the kind of thing that in the West we might see and identify with and therefore maybe exaggerate the strength?","Well, what this is, is not about trade agreement - that's the lesser part. It's about European values. It's about democracy and rule of law. Ukrainians are tired of corruption and poor governance. They want to live as in Europe.","You wrote a book in 2009, \"How Ukraine Became a Market Economy and Democracy. \""],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,2]}
{"text":["I had a very sobering experience last week. Michigan's Democratic governor was tapped to play the part of Sarah Palin in practice debates with Joe Biden. And while she was out of the state, I wrote a fantastic column whose premise was that Sarah Palin had arrived in Michigan, barged into the vacant governor's office, and decided to see what she could do to whip our mopey little state into shape.","Now, what I was not prepared for was the hundreds of readers who called the Free Press to ask, did the governor of Alaska really crash into the governor's office and take over the state for a day?And I spoke to one woman, and I said, ma'am, isn't this premise a little bit implausible?And she said, Mr.  Dickerson, a lot of what I see on the news doesn't make sense these days, but it all seems to be true.","And I think that's the level of confusion and shock and awe that's out there in our state these days. They really don't know which end is up.","Brian Dickerson is a political columnist for the Detroit Free Press, getting a lot of interesting phone calls and letters. Thank you very much."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Well, all I can tell you is this. When I asked Commissioner Davis that question, he didn't hang up on me. He said the answer that I gave - that I reported - he said absolutely. It's possible that just the feeling that we're over the hump, that we're through this. I mean, it's human nature. You've watched events. They get there early. They're on high alert all the time. Plus, in this particular case, the bomb-sniffing dogs had gone through twice, once in the morning and an hour before the explosions have gone off.","So there was a feeling, there was a reason to feel basically secure that at time. It turned out not, you know, the security was - sense of security was misplaced. But again, I don't think it's an insult at all to what the response and, you know, the courage and all of that happened afterwards to rethink, and, you know, again, to use an overused term, connect the dots about how things were set up, were they followed out as they should've been.","Joan Vennochi, thanks very much for your time today. Appreciate it.","Thank you."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["You know, let's just take a look at Los Angeles' demographics. You have people from incredibly wealthy to incredibly poor. You have immigrants, native-born people who've come here from other parts of the U. S. , people, of course, who were born here. How do you think L. A. 's demographics affect the need for public transportation?","Well, clearly there is a very serious need here in the region. We are very geographically dispersed in other words. We have suburbs that extend for miles in every direction. So the need for a broad-based transportation system that depends on a lot of bus service is particularly important in our region. Here in the downtown area, we do have a more extensive rail network that starts in the downtown region and then extends outwards.","But again, that's only the metro services. There are also Metrolink services and Amtrak services that serve more of the Southern California region. So there are lots of transportation choices here, and it would do people that are trying to save money well to look into these services.","Finally, is the federal government supporting the system at all?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Well, let me give you an example. I walked up to some lawmakers in the Great Hall of the People. And they confirmed to me unanimously that they were going to vote in favor of scrapping term limits. And one thing you hear from a lot of Chinese when you ask them is that they say, look. President Xi Jinping is doing a great job. He's getting China lots of respect on the world stage. He's cleaning up corruption at home. He ought to be given a chance to do more. And also, I think it helps to remember that in Chinese political culture, it's basically been the rule of man. And so people feel, let's get a good man, and let's not worry about, if we don't get a good man, what rules are we going to rely on to give him the boot?","You mentioned critics. And there are critics. What are they saying about this?","Well, you don't hear a lot of them because their views are often censored on the Internet. But I think it's safe to say that they feel very gloomy and pessimistic about the current situation. They look into the future - say 10, 15 or even more years - and they just don't see a lot hope for civil liberties, transparent and accountable government or robust civil society. And they just feel that this is a real historic step backwards into the bad, old days.","The bad, old days being China's monarchs of thousands of years?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Absolutely, and we just can't have that. . .","I will just tell you that now. . .","That'd be a security issue. Boy, talking about being slam-dunked after he dunked on the president.","Please don't do that."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["I loved her tuna fish sandwiches, her spaghetti and meatballs. . .","Yeah, the tuna fish sandwiches, you write, she put pickle juice in them, you know, just gave it something a little bit different.","And to stretch it out as well, and that's the way I make it. My daughter loves it. That was my first experience of food, but I have great memories of the stuff I love that she made.","The big character though in this book, overarching, I think, everything, at least in the beginning, is a - is South Boston, Southie. It seems to be a fundamental part of who you are. Tell us about Southie."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, it's just so different as to be almost unrecognizable to everything else they ever do. Well, first of all, there are over 4,000 credentialed members of the media. I have met many of these people, and I question their credentials. (Soundbite of laughter) But aside from the crush and the demands on their time, it is a weird travel schedule.","For a regular game, there is usually a week between games in the NFL. And a team will arrive in the visiting team's city usually, maybe, a day before the game. Here they arrive almost a week before the game. And that is just to accommodate the fact that the Super Bowl is this huge corporate affair, this huge media affair. So it's interviews and a little bit of practice, and interviews and a little bit of practice. And if a team losses focus, it could really hurt them come Sunday.","It sounds like a pretty intense week. Now, let's say I were a betting woman. Does this kind of hectic schedule favor one team over the other?","Well, you know, even if you weren't a betting woman, even if you were someone with, you know, who lives and dies with the Steelers or who bleeds Cardinals Burgundy - I think there probably are people like that - you might say that the Pittsburgh Steelers might have the edge, because in general, they are the more experienced team, having been to and won a Super Bowl just three years ago."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["Well, just briefly, people must be awfully nervous because, of course, there's aftershocks. Well, just briefly, people must be awfully nervous because, of course, there's aftershocks. Well, just briefly, people must be awfully nervous because, of course, there's aftershocks.","Absolutely. Absolutely. Absolutely. And let me just tell you, since I first got here, Renee, I have felt under my feet many, many aftershocks. And let me just tell you, since I first got here, Renee, I have felt under my feet many, many aftershocks. And let me just tell you, since I first got here, Renee, I have felt under my feet many, many aftershocks. And the U. S.  Geological Survey confirms aftershocks are taking place here. And the U. S.  Geological Survey confirms aftershocks are taking place here. And the U. S.  Geological Survey confirms aftershocks are taking place here. I feel maybe. . . I feel maybe. . . I feel maybe. . .","Right. Right. Right.",". . . Every few minutes, and there's been hundreds of aftershocks that are 2. 5 magnitude or higher. . . . Every few minutes, and there's been hundreds of aftershocks that are 2. 5 magnitude or higher. . . . Every few minutes, and there's been hundreds of aftershocks that are 2. 5 magnitude or higher. And as you mentioned, people are nervous. And as you mentioned, people are nervous. And as you mentioned, people are nervous."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["See how he do his mom?","Ms.  O'BRIEN: Ira struggles to provide for her large family, working two jobs: as a real estate agent and a licensed massage therapist.","I can't stop. I push myself more now than I ever have. There's times that, especially the summertime, I didn't come home until like 8 o'clock at night sometimes.","So what did you learn from talking to her?"],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["I think everything that I do and I try to do in my life is to thank them because they do so much for me on a daily. And I just want to show them how grateful I am because I truly am grateful. It's, like, a lot of sacrifices going to my quince. A lot of things had to get put on hold. And to be able to, like, have that quince and to be able to do all that - I just wanted to be as thankful as I could during the whole process. And I live for them, basically. Everything I do for them is, like, a hundred percent, kind of.","Matt, this topic was new to you. What did you learn about Latino culture?","O'NEILL: There's so many different facets of a quinceanera, from the baile sorpresa, the surprise dance, to the last doll, to the replacing of the heels - you know, the - giving the first gift of heels. And all those details I hadn't known about quinceaneras or this aspect of Latino culture. But I think the thing that became most clear is that at the core of these ceremonies is familial love, and that's what you see celebrated in each of the four films. And it's a universal aspect of human life. And Latino, Irish, every culture pours so much into their children, and that's what you see through these quinceaneras.","Rosi Alvarez is featured in the new HBO series \"A Quinceanera Story\" directed by filmmaker Matt O'Neil. Thanks to you both for sharing this project."],"speaker":["A","B","B","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Yeah. You know, it's a great question. I think that the core of the problem is that they say that they pursue these weapons out of insecurity. So the logical thing is can the world provide them some sort of security?And in past agreements that I have participated in, we provided them security guarantees and offered to negotiate a peace treaty with them. The problem is I think the security - insecurity that they feel is generated by the regime itself. You know, these sorts of totalitarian regimes never feel secure. And that's the core problem.","Because there's mass starvation. There's mass poverty. There's mass oppression.","Right. And that they - all those things, and that they don't rule by the consent of the legitimacy of the people. And that's the basic problem.","Yeah. China has a role in this?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,3]}
{"text":["Yes, there was a peace agreement. But the big part of the peace agreement was that there is no border between Ireland and Northern Island. And that was possible because both Great Britain and Ireland are within the EU.","Can Britain get what they call a soft exit, or are there too many hard feelings for that?","I think on the EU side, there is a lot of willingness to have the soft Brexit. There's not much willingness among the hard Brexiteers to have a soft Brexit because a soft Brexit means that you stay within the customs union. The customs union means that you export and import goods freely. But if you stay within the customs union, you keep the same standards and the same rule book.","This sounds like an awful mess."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Actually, before, I was charging 155. And since the economy has gotten bad, I don't want to take advantage of people. So, I've just felt to lower my prices to make it better for everyone, and it's 125, and it's an hour session, and I do phone or in-person readings. I'm in New York. So, if anyone is in New York, I can do an in-person reading or over the phone.","And you say you channel. What does that mean?What's your technique?","My technique is, I work with guides on the other side and angels who work through me. So, I never say that the information is from me. It's coming from a higher source. And these things are connected to the person, so they really know the person better than they know themselves. And they know what they need to hear or that they want to hear that is best for them to help their soul to live the life that is best for their soul, basically.","Hmm. With all due respect to you and your profession, couldn't someone just be extremely well informed by reading the newspapers, listening to NPR, for example, and figuring out which way the economic winds are blowing and then make predictions and offer advice based on that?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["You know, you have to be tough. You have to let them know that, you know, although, yeah, I'm a female, you know, I can punch you in the eye if I have to. Or turn the table over. . .","Or just be as tough as men have to do in certain - have to be in certain situations, so that they can erase the fact that I am a girl and reallylook at me as a professional who is knowledgeable about what I do and can do the deals and deliver. So. . .","Sonia, what about the live music scene?Because I remember going to some hip-hop clubs. I was - you know, this was back when I was much a younger woman, and really enjoying it until some of the violence got out of control. And then I stopped going to some of the venues because too many people were getting shot. How are things here in terms of the live venues?Are they safe?Are they - you know, how is the live music scene doing?","It is so interesting that you would bring that up today because just last night, there were three events that were happening last night. It was R&B Live over at the Lucky Street Lounge. They had Mario, and Marsha from Floetry. There was Estelle over at Sugarhill, that John Legend was presenting, great venues both of them."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Yeah.","And he's been the finance guy. We just don't know that yet. But I think, you know, if it turns out that he is cooperating or does get fuller immunity, he really could turn out to be an enormously important part of this investigation.","After Michael Cohen pleaded guilty and implicated the president, we saw a tweet from President - in an interview, Trump said flipping almost ought to be illegal. Fair to say that the cases couldn't be made without getting people to flip?","Absolutely. I mean, there's no question. And we often see people who are convicted of crimes where there are cooperators - say, you know, you shouldn't be allowed to do this. That itself should be a crime. But the reality is that in order to prove a lot of cases, particularly very serious cases, we need to have someone who's in the room when all the action happens, when the crime happens or who's involved in transactions or murders or whatever who can tell the story. And so it's essential to have that voice."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Burnt hair, desiccated strawberry, armpit, you know (laughter).","Very precise and unusual.","And there's also this new trajectory to incorporate the language of science. So instead of saying that something smells like green bell pepper, sommeliers are now describing it as smelling of pyrazines, which, by the way, is a chemical that is present in both sauvignon blanc and cabernet sauvignon grapes and in green bell peppers. So don't always roll your eyes at the sommelier.","I don't roll my eyes at the sommelier. I've actually always been intimidated by interacting with the sommelier. I wanted to ask you if you would take a moment to sort of teach someone like me. Can you walk me through it?","A lot of us, when we're given the wine list, treat it as a multiple-choice test. We're handed this list of a hundred options. And we have until the sommelier circles back to us to figure out the right answer.","Exactly."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,4]}
{"text":["When you say muscle through an agenda, the implication is they've got to twist arms in their own party?","Well, I think the Republican Party is going through change. The more populous, working-class element of the Republican Party is on the ascent. And the tectonic plates within both parties, frankly, are changing as both parties are becoming more tribalized. As you see on the Democratic side, Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders have a significant and outsized voice in their party just as the House Freedom Caucus and the more populous, working-class wing on the Republican side have an outsized voice.","Ken Spain was managing director of communications at Koch Industries. He's now a partner at the CGCN consultant group. Thanks so much for being with us.","Thank you for having me."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["(Laughing) And the cover of the New York Post a couple days ago, \"Don't Let the Door Hit You. \"","Yeah. So sensitive is the New York Post. This was a guy whose first year, his nickname was the Man-genius, and that quickly came undone.","Devolved. OK, but what about Mike Shanahan of the Denver Broncos?I mean, he was there for 14 years. He won two Super Bowls. Why was he let go?","It's amazing. For about 10 years, you couldn't say the name Mike Shanahan without saying offensive genius. And I don't know if a lot of people thought that he lost the offensive genius, but there were circumstances to his firing. His team lost its last three games. If you end the season . 500, you know, with eight wins and eight loses, it's better to do it on an uptick than a downtick."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Add to the troubled auto industry a rise in unemployment. Weekly jobless claims benefits are at 16-year high. Wall Street isn't happy either. The Dow Jones Index plummeted below 8,000 yesterday.","To find out how advertising agencies are dealing with the current economic climate, we are joined now by Romi Mahajan. He's the chief marketing officer for the digital ad agency called Ascentium. They manage marketing campaigns for big, big companies, including Microsoft, Nintendo, and AT&T. Welcome to the program, Romi.","Thank you very much, Alex.","Yesterday, General Motors announced that it would review its contracts with ad agencies to see whether or not they should even be renewed. Let's say you were working on a car company advertising campaign. What should they do to actually get American consumers to buy cars?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["I think it had to because of the workers and the communities where you had all of these plants. But because it became a 60-percent owner - the U. S.  government owns 60 percent of General Motors as a result of the bankruptcy - they could have straightened that company out, but they were completely hands-off with the post-bankruptcy management. In retrospect, they had to save General Motors. But they could've laid down tougher conditions.","What do you think about when you see some of the accounts in recent weeks about General Motors concealing what seems to have been a major problem which led to injury and death?","Eternal vigilance of the regulator is required. And the auto safety agency fell down on the job. It's just that simple. I think now we're going to get stronger legislation as a result of the GM debacle. A lot of good will come from it, unfortunately because of these fatalities.","Ralph Nader. His new book \"Unstoppable: The Emerging Left-Right Alliance To Dismantle The Corporate State. \"Thanks so much for being with us."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3,1]}
{"text":["That work by Nick Holonyak and colleagues went on to be the basis for just about every LED starting back - staring back at you, you know, those little red lights on the little devices?This was the first one. Nick also did pioneering work on other electronic devices, including lasers. And when the Applied - the journal of Applied Physics Letters drew up a list of the five most important papers it had published up to 2006, Nick's name was on two of them. And he's here to talk to us now.","Nick Holonyak is the John Bardeen Endowed Chair in Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois. He joins us by phone. Welcome back to the program, Nick.","Thanks, Ira. You and I talked about this stuff in Washington when the MIT Lemelson Prize was given. Remember?And so this is our second contact, maybe more.","I'm hopeful we have a lot more to go, and I want you to - let's talk about this 50 - the anniversary."],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["So Gaspasr got a no. Can you talk about why?What was the reasoning?","Sure. So the applicant's explanation for Gaspasr - they explained that, I am a nurse anesthetist, which would make sense. They use gas. But the DMV commented gas passer. She passes gas - in parentheses - farts.","Ah, OK. So someone decided they weren't buying it. Are there things that they police for, like, hate speech or racism?I mean, how does that work?","Totally, yeah. Unfortunately, they do get a lot of submissions that at least could be interpreted as hate speech, as offensive to certain groups. They try to filter out things that could be seen as maybe references to white supremacy. For instance, the number 88 - in any context, even if it's benign, even if it's completely harmless, they always consistently block out the number 88 because it has a certain symbolism for white supremacy."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["A clever grounds crew can mean a difference in close games, can't it?","Oh, definitely. Well a grounds crew can tailor the field in very small ways that might impact the outcome of the game. You know, gone are the days of legendary Kansas City groundskeeper George Toma and his ilk - the (unintelligible). They really would tailor the fields in unbelievable ways. They would tilt the foul lines in a certain way so that bunts wouldn't roll foul. They were harden the turf to make it more difficult for players to slide if they didn't want the opposing team to slide.","Nowadays, uniformity is really something that is mandated by Major League Baseball. But there are still small ways. I visited with Trevor Vance, who's the head groundskeeper for the Kansas City Royals. And this was during 2015 - the year they would ultimately win the World Series. And he talked about how he made the infield play very fast - you know, shorter grass - because they had young, athletic infielders. And they felt that that was an advantage for them because they knew that their guys could get to the ball. And the other team probably couldn't.","There's so much joy in your book. But I have to ask, are there bad memories, if not ghosts, at the New Orleans Superdome?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,0]}
{"text":["Well - and I think I'll compete by getting out there, by talking to folks like I always do. I think I've also done more on sort of the original sin of where we are in a post-Citizens United world, getting rid of dark money and the outside influences of dollars. When laws are literally written now to make donors happy, we've got a problem.","We do know that voters are very concerned about health care. We certainly saw that in the midterm elections. And you recently expanded Medicaid in your state - something that you've just mentioned.","We got it reauthorized, yeah.","But you haven't publicly supported single-payer health care. That seems to be a very popular position in the Democratic Party now, along with the Green New Deal. What is your position on single-payer and the Green New Deal?","You bet. You bet. First, starting, like, everyone should have access to health care. And it should be affordable. And that is what I've been working on in Montana, both through Medicaid expansion, through high-risk pools, through other things. And I think that you can get to universal accessibility and affordability in a way that isn't necessarily Medicare for all because you'd be disrupting - I don't know - 155 million people that have employer-sponsored health care. You do it by having a public option, no Medicare buy-in. It's about time when we can negotiate prescription drug prices with the biggest payer, which is Medicare. But it's that corrupting dollars that keep us out of that."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[4]}
{"text":["Waiting for the winds to drop down below 50 - sustained winds drop below 50. And at that time we send out all of our first respondents of police, fire, EMS, and our utility companies. Everybody goes out and does damage assessment report in their areas. Report it back to us. We make a priority listing, so we can get power back on if we lost any power. Get the resources back and so we can just bring our people back.","But the winds are above 50 miles an hour, now. So, you don't have anybody out right now?Every body's just hunkered down.","Ninety nine percent of our people are hunkered down. We have a few of our - like the sheriff, he is out, and a few other higher ranking agency people are out, but most - 99 percent of our people are hunkered down in shelters.","So, how long do you really expect that that's going to last?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,1]}
{"text":["Absolutely not. In fact, the people of my state should know we are doing everything in our power to defend them. If it comes to a legal fight with the Trump administration, we're prepared to have it. I've had some experience with taking on the Trump administration litigation. We have yet to lose a case yet, and I don't plan on starting with this issue.","Attorney General Bob Ferguson of Washington state, thanks so much.","Oh, thank you, Scott. Have a great day.","And we contacted the Department of Justice for comment on Mr.  Ferguson's remarks about Attorney General Sessions. We have yet to receive a response."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,3,2,3]}
{"text":["We literally can't get to everyone, but let's begin with Mitt Romney. He memorably said last year - I'm going to quote - \"no, no, no, no, no, no\" to the idea of running again. What may have changed his mind?","Romney changed his mind about 2016 because of 2014. And he hopes that will help other Republicans forget about 2012. You know, Romney's been crisscrossing the country for other Republican candidates all this past year, and it felt pretty good to him. Those candidates did very well in November.","And Romney looks around, and he sees no great alternatives to Jeb Bush. And he's just not convinced that Jeb Bush can win the nomination and sell the country on another president named Bush. Of course, his own problem is selling other Republicans on another dance with a guy named Romney.","Rand Paul is jetting around everywhere. How does he take advantage of the national network of support, particularly money that his father Ron Paul built up, while departing from his father on some national security issues?His father essentially blamed the policies of the French government for the murders in Paris."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Yeah, he loved it. He totally loved it, because he's not musical. He doesn't play an instrument. So, you know, I think when he's writing, it's a basic, almost like a poetry kind of - he's just writing with a little beat in his head. But when he hears a song of his completely flushed out with melody and instrumentation, it really bowls him over.","MR.  DAN AUERBACH: (Singing) How you were?In my sleep. (Unintelligible) never keep. . .","A number of songs that you've done as half of half of the Black Keys have wound up in films and in TV shows and even video games. The tune \"Strange Times\" appeared on the radio station in Grand Theft Auto IV. How do you feel about your music winding up in these places?","I think it's cool. I mean, you know, they don't play music much on the radio anymore, you know, not major radio. Getting our music out there anyway possible, it's the way to go, and video games are pretty huge, although I can't really play video games. I don't know. The modern video games kind of - they're too three dimensional. Have you ever played the. . ."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["And you actually crossed a few lanes of traffic to get out there and check it out.","Yeah.","What did it feel like to be in that no man's land?","Yeah. I know, I felt like Robinson Crusoe. I felt like some postmodern Vasco da Gama, I don't know. The idea to go into this place - obviously completely ludicrous 'cause no one would go across these lanes of traffic, which travel at quite a speed. And so of course I pretended to be like from the Council or some person in authority, you know, classifying the shrubbery. You know, I did my little faux survey and then escaped. But yeah, what a strange feeling and available to all of us 'cause we've all got these places around where we live."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Basically, they give you a lot of freedom. They don't get in your way. The editors encourage in-depth investigative work. They like to hold public officials accountable. They're also willing to go to bat if you need legal help, if you're trying to get records or things like that.","So would you advise young reporters to do what you have done and stick with a local news organization for a decent amount of time?","Yeah. I think at least a year. Sometimes two years is a good point to kind of reconsider your options. We thought that we were just going to be here for a year, but this paper has a history of crusading investigative reporting, strong local journalism. Our late publisher Ned Chilton coined this phrase called sustained outrage, and that's sort of hammering away at an injustice until it's righted.","People who can manage to stay mad for a long time."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,2,3]}
{"text":["Well, let's talk about the forecasting because one of the amazing parts of sort of science of this story was that hours before, the National Weather Service locally issued a warning that there might be a tornado. And it was pretty spot-on, it sounded like.","Yeah. You know, even days before. I mean, with this region was under the gun, we had outlooks noting this particular area would be prone to these types of storms on that particular date. Even that day, as you noted, some of our high resolution models indicated the possibility of tornadic storms. I know the National Weather Service put out some public communications, even warning, I think, somewhere around 11, 11:30, noontime hour that there was a possibility of storms later that afternoon. And even special warnings for schools.","So I want to give out a shout out to the colleagues and members of AMS there working at the National Weather Service and in the broadcast community because they were on top of it from the beginning. And I want to also emphasize that the Weather Service put out warnings 16 minutes before the storm even touched down. The average warning time these days is around 13 to 15 minutes, and that's up from five minutes in 1990. So although to many in the public that doesn't sound like a lot, that's actually above average so - and even more time before the storm reached Moore.","Talking with Marshall Shepherd, president of the American Meteorological Society. I'm Flora Lichtman, and this is SCIENCE FRIDAY from NPR. So what accounts for this change, this bettering of our prediction time?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["They had psychiatrists on call, they had access to medication and ability to control that population or to deal with that population. They had psychiatrists on call, they had access to medication and ability to control that population or to deal with that population. If you are in a smaller place, you may not have that and you do not have that access, and there's more warehousing and restrictive methods going on because they don't have any other way to deal with them. If you are in a smaller place, you may not have that and you do not have that access, and there's more warehousing and restrictive methods going on because they don't have any other way to deal with them.","So really it depends on where you are, what kind of law that you've violated in order to determine how well the institution where you are is able to deal with whatever difficulty you have. So really it depends on where you are, what kind of law that you've violated in order to determine how well the institution where you are is able to deal with whatever difficulty you have.","Well, Judge Lynn Toler, it's always great to have you on. Well, Judge Lynn Toler, it's always great to have you on. Thanks so much. Thanks so much.","Always good to be here. Always good to be here."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["What happens if you and all of your neighbors don't get your corn into the field?Like I say, as you've told me now, you've got like only about a fraction in the ground if what you normally would have at this time of year. Are we going to - forgive me for being selfish about it - are we not going to have corn this summer to go with our barbecues and everything else or what?What's going to happen?","The corn the majority of the Midwest grows goes toward feeding pigs, feeding cows, feeding a lot of different livestock, also goes toward corn oil and ethanol and various products that are on our store shelves. Long story short, we're looking at lower supply, which should increase the price if the demand stays the same.","But before we let you go, I mentioned that you're a fourth-generation farmer. And I presume that you've talked to your parents about the rain situation, the heavy rains. Have they ever seen anything like this before?","No. This is relatively unprecedented. I was talking to a neighbor here the other day about the drought in 2012. And, you know, we had a really short crop in 2012 because it got so hot and so dry. The corn crop didn't amount to anything, but at least we were able to get it in the ground. When you go out into a situation like this where we can't get the seed into the ground, it's worse than a drought for the fact that, you know, you don't even have a chance."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,0]}
{"text":["You know, when my father died, I promised him I would try to write this book for him really. And then I quickly realized that I was writing it for the little girl who was angry, you know - I call her the girl in the red cardigan. I have a picture of her, and she's biting her tongue (laughter) all the time, you know - and also to try to trace the ways in which that experience had a long tail, if you like.","I have a section of the book called Aftermath. And my father became an addicted roulette player after he left the Brethren, and that put an enormous strain on the family. My parents divorced. My father ended up in prison when I was 16. He was very, very chaotic. I understand that now, you know. He was impossible, infuriating and wonderful. In the year that I was studying \"Macbeth\" for my O-levels, he decided I had to see every single production of \"Macbeth\" that year. So we saw 13 productions.","Oh, wow.","And in most car journeys, he'd be playing me music and reciting poetry. So it was really extraordinary being a daughter of such a man.","Rebecca, I mentioned earlier how I grew up in a very religious family. I don't go to church that much anymore. Actually, I don't go at all. So I'm wondering, for you, where is your faith now?Do you still have it?"],"speaker":["A","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Yeah. Now, let me tell you. Again, people in Washington were saying, expedite these cases. Get them done in two weeks, for children who - I will never forget the images - who were sitting on a chair. Their feet were dangling. That's how small they were. And we were going to expedite these cases to have them tell a perfect stranger, in a language or a dialect they don't speak, about the trauma that they were experiencing in their home country, which required them to seek refuge in ours.","And so I got on the phone with managing partners from law firms up and down the state of California and said, let's get pro bono legal services to help these children who otherwise were not entitled to attorneys. All of that to say, one - I disagree with any policy that would turn America's back on people who are fleeing harm. I, frankly, believe that it is contrary to everything that we have symbolically and actually said we stand for. And so I would not enforce a law that would reject people and turn them away without giving them a fair and due process to determine if we should give them asylum and refuge.","We're in a world with 60 million refugees, and with every reason. . .","Yeah."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["But when we compared Cain against other Republican candidates and looked just at people who were supporting Republican candidate, the racial attitudes predicted, strongly predicted preference for the white candidates.","But the test itself isn't a measure of racism.","It is definitely not a measure of racism. We are very clear to emphasize that this measure something that is perhaps unconscious, in any case most people are unaware of it, and it is possessed by a large of the American population, people who do not at all think of themselves as racist. And we don't think they're lying to us when they say they have egalitarian racial beliefs.","Why is it that they're out of touch with their subconscious?This is too big a question to ask, it may take years to answer for any, you know, any person. But do you have any guesses on that?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["You know, it would seem intuitively impossible in this environment that the actors would want to go on strike at this point. Just factoring out for a second the economy, there was a devastating writers' strike, and people were just really tired of that by the time it was over. Now, meanwhile, people are watching their savings disappear, it's terrifying out there, and I can't imagine that people would want to go on strike, but you have to bear in mind that a great many members in the Screen Actors Guild don't really work and can vote. So, that might have an effect on the outcome.","You mention the writers' strike that went on for several months. Many folks in the entertainment industry are still recovering from that. So, what would happen if all of a sudden there were SAG strike as well?","Studios can hold out. They're in bad shape. I mean, they're going to be hurt by this environment economically. But that doesn't mean they can't survive for quite a long time with a strike underway. And that means that people would - I mean, it would just be so devastating; people would lose their jobs. And that wouldn't just be the actors; it would be people who support productions. The actors, unlike the writers, they can close down a movie very quickly. So, it would be an immediate and potentially a long-term and the devastating impact not only for the economy here, but for the Screen Actors Guild if it turned out to backfire.","So, Kim, what happens from here?What's the next steps?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Given that judges do have discretion in a lot of cases about, for example, whether or not someone can get a misdemeanor as opposed to a felony, do you think this really is effecting who's in prison right now?","Well, first, you have to realize, the first person who deals with whether there's a felony or a misdemeanor is the prosecutor. And it's prosecutorial discretion as to what they get charged with. A judge has no control over that. Now, they can work out a deal, or, in a preliminary hearing, reduce a charge or whatever. But the prosecutorial discretion is what most people don't see that tends to be skewed a great deal. So, by the time it gets to a judge, a big chasm may have already arisen about the level of charge that's been leveled on a particular individual.","Judge Toler, who's going to fix this?","We all have to fix it. And we have to fix it by being conscious of what's going on before it goes on. When I went to classes after I was elected a judge, I said, if you remember nothing else I tell you today, when you're 18, you vote. And you register to vote because it does make a difference, six votes in my race. We have to be conscious of the judges, one, and number two, I think we have to change judicial education."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["I would like to say I have confidence because my experience at NBC with that network and with that company - overall very good. And I have - you know, I hold them in high regard. I do feel that if it was going to be thorough - and you want to find out how that behavior continued for so long unchecked, as they say - then you would have to go back to at least, based on my documentation - that it can go back to the year 2000. So for me, I'm not filing a lawsuit. I am not trying to bring any more shame to him. But I do think that if they really want to get to the root of how this was allowed to happen for so many years, then you would have to come to me and ask how it all started.","Matt Lauer has since released his first statement to The Post. What did you think when you read it?","I thought it was very defensive. I thought - I think he is still feeling sorry for himself. I think that it's really sad if he doesn't view what he did as coercive or an abuse of power.","Have you spoken to Linda Vester, the woman who's made the allegations against Tom Brokaw?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["I mean, anything that - any interest rate right now that's pegged to the federal funds rate, which is a key benchmark rate that many, many credit cards, many, many - some types of mortgages - but also many more types of short-term debts are pegged to, you can benefit a whole lot.","The problem is that if you're already in one of these homes, for example, that's - and you're underwater, meaning that you're house is worth less than the mortgage owner, and you've got poor credit or you don't have enough money or enough equity in the house to be able to refinance, then you're going to run it to a proper and you're not going to benefit.","Whether or not they - that helps the economy overall remains to be seen. I mean, the problem with economics statistics is that many times they lag by a couple of months. And so by the time you find out - by the time a recession is declared, you may have already been in one for about a month or two before you - before the rest of the country actually knows ,you know, some grand proclamation that comes from the Federal Reserve or some economists somewhere that we are in a recession.","We're going to talk a little bit more soon with a realtor in Ohio, your state, about the situation there. But last week, Countrywide Financial was subpoenaed by the attorney general of Florida. It's just one of a number of government agencies investigating the largest mortgage lender."],"speaker":["A","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3]}
{"text":["Nice to talk to you, Audie.","So to start, back in 2013, what intention of this legislation - allowing migrant workers to drive legally - what was the need you thought you were meeting?","There are about 1,500 undocumented people, mostly Mexicans, working on Vermont dairy farms. And they are, basically, supporting our dairy industry. And the need was that so many of them were living in the shadows of the barns - really literally. They did not have transportation. They relied on volunteers or their employers to get them to medical appointments or shopping and all sorts of things. And a group called Migrant Justice started working on the issue and started talking to lawmakers. So it was a very sort of innocent kind of idea that, you know, we can be a state that can accept that these people are here supporting our economy, and we want to be able to provide for them in some way.","Now, fast forward many years, and the Vermont DMV has many records - right?- of people in the country illegally; people who have gotten these driver's licenses. So what was your reaction when you learned about the cooperation between ICE and the Vermont DMV?","Well, I feel terrible that we facilitated this law and now it's putting people in jeopardy. And that was not the intent of law at all. And so it's very, very distressing to hear what's been going on. As you probably know, in 2017, the state officially ended this policy. But in the meantime, there have been other sharing of information by DMV, maybe not at the top levels, with ICE officials."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["At this point now, those are the two sectors that are continuing to grow, that are continuing to be job engines. And the reason why I stress this is that historically, sectors which grow in downturns are the ones that set the pace for the recovery that comes afterwards. So, if I'm looking out ahead, I would sort of say the fact that these sectors have continued to grow is going to set the pattern for the coming upturn. So, you asked me about other parts of the sector economy that are doing well. It is very difficult to find other parts of the economy. My guess is that the next part that's going to recover is technology, but right now that part is still paddling hard.","OK, we don't want to hear any bad news right now. So\u2026","No bad news. But\u2026","We must end it on an up note."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Absolutely. Marine Le Pen did very well. That was expected. It wasn't a huge shock. She got about 24% of the vote. Macron avoided disaster. He personally invested in the campaign. He got about 22%, so came in, you know, second. But it was clearly a rebuke - a rebuke to him. And the - you know, the top person in Marine Le Pen's party lists said, the president - he turned this vote into a plebiscite, and he got his answer. The people are against him and his policies.","That is NPR's Eleanor Beardsley in Paris.","Eleanor, thanks so much.","Michel, good to be with you."],"speaker":["A","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Have you ever seen one of these wrestling matches?Are the wasps easily found and seen?","Unfortunately, I've never seen the show. I can't wait, though. The day that I see a tarantula hawk come in contact with a tarantula I'm going to sit back and enjoy this dance. But you can see the tarantula hawks. They're actually quite common and quite conspicuous on the landscape, particularly throughout the southwest and indeed all the way from California to Virginia.","Do tarantula wasps have interest in humans?","They do not. So as long as you're not explicitly harassing this animal, as long as you're not trying to step on it or grab it, it's going to leave you alone. And, in fact, you can walk right up to them and watch them as they forage and hunt for tarantulas.","Ben Hutchins - invertebrate biologist for the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Ben, thanks so much."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["How has technology changed the way that vaccines are made?Is it easier to sort of see responses in living things as they happen now?","Yes, the technology has improved by leaps and bounds. We have, in the case of influenza, now a variety of different ways that we can read out virus neutralization. The traditional way was done using red blood cells, and we would look at the clumping of red blood cells, which is called hemagglutination. And the antibodies to flu would prevent the agglutination of red blood cells.","That was used for decades as the best marker of an immune response. Now we can look with automated assays at neutralization of the virus.","What does that mean?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["That's Odysseas Papadimitriou, CEO of the personal finance website WalletHub. We've heard about credit card debt being a problem for middle and working classes before, but it's now become an issue for the upper-middle class. Papadimitriou says they're in the sweet spot for this type of easy lending.","It is the consumer group that wants to take on some additional debt and also has the income and the assets to justify so.","On top of that, recent numbers show that people approaching retirement age are also accruing larger amounts of credit card debt.","You know, they're away from retirement enough years to feel like, I will make up for it later on. Let me go and make this purchase. And then they end up later on in retirement with credit card debt."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["You are so nice for not doing that spoiler alert. But, yes, so many people discuss Israel-Palestine as if its people on a spectrum. But this notion where people say, oh, you know, Israel and Palestine, they disagree. It's not a spectrum. It's metaphysics.","They're in a different reality, whereas, I lived in Jerusalem that had the Temple Mount and a Palestinian neighbor lived in al-Quds that had Haram al-Sharif. Like, literally, we're inhabiting the same space and in a different city with a different extraordinary holy place on the same spot. And, to me, you know, that gets us to the title of this book. I was looking for a space for the no man's land where a moment of understanding might take place.","Is there an affinity between writers and spies?","That's funny. I'm like - I was going to the list. I was like, writers and shrinks, writers and sociopaths. But, yeah, I have a whole list of things. . ."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Well, as I said, Israel is certainly prepared to possibly deploy that armored brigade for an offensive mission. And, you know, this - Israeli strikes are continuing, and rockets are also continuing right now. And this is a - quite an escalation between the two sides and really a serious one since the 2014 war. That was a war that lasted many weeks. Dozens of Israeli soldiers and several Israeli civilians died. And on the Palestinian side, more than 2,000 people died, including many civilians and also militants.","With the stakes so high, are there negotiations for a cease-fire, do you know?And can you tell us about those and where they stand?","Well, before this current outbreak of violence, Egypt was mediating between the two sides to prevent such hostilities from returning. And those negotiations were meant to exchange calm on the border for Israel lifting certain restrictions in the Gaza Strip, basically to make life more bearable for people in Gaza. And this conflict certainly puts those negotiations at serious risk.","That's reporter Naomi Zeveloff in Tel Aviv. Naomi, thank you so much."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["We can say she grew up. She had a daughter of her own who became curious about family secrets kept from both her and her mother for decades. That daughter is Laura Cumming, and she's the author of \"Five Days Gone. \"She joins me now from London.","Laura Cumming, welcome.","Thank you.","Start with the kidnapping, which is absolutely central to the book you've written. It was not central to your mother's life. She was only 3. She had no memory of it. And she didn't even learn of it until she was well into middle age. Is that right?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3,3]}
{"text":["Why, over really a period of 25 years or so, have there been so many misadventures?How do you explain, for example, Iraq?How do you explain the lack of progress after so many years in Afghanistan?Why was the Libyan intervention unsuccessful?And I think the conclusion is is that the United States has focused more since the end of the Cold War not so much on defending against external threats but focusing more on the internal governance of foreign countries and trying to change it.","So rather than maintaining a strong defense in protecting our national interests, we've tended to promote democracy in other countries, we've engaged in nation-building exercises, we've engaged in regime change. And in most of those cases, we've been unsuccessful.","You were the U. S.  ambassador to Germany. Does the United States have - and you know the history - does the United States have no interest in preventing genocide and mass slaughter around the world?","I think genocide is probably the one case where we do have a responsibility. I mean, if it's real genocide and people are - there is mass murder, then I think we have a moral duty to intervene. But the problem is is that how you define that moral duty when it's not clearly genocide, when there's injustice, when there's discrimination, when, for instance, the young girls in Afghanistan can't go to school, that is not genocide."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2]}
{"text":["Reptilian, exactly, and now we know that many species of dinosaurs had feathers or simple filaments that seem to be feather precursors in some cases.","Do your findings come from the relatively recent discovery that some dinosaurs had feathers?Is this sort of, like, the next step?","We are sort of taking the next. In the last 10 years, we've discovered that we can gain insight into the colors of dinosaurs and how they may have used visual signals in important contexts. And so what we wanted to ask is, can we gain insight into the vocal communication that extinct dinosaurs might have had?","Well, so what's next for you in your research?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3,1]}
{"text":["We argued that six months was way, way too short. You're talking about trying to go into archives, documents, find materials. Unfortunately, this was what was included in the legislation. And we've urged the Polish government to open that deadline - indeed, to open the program to people who never filed claims or for whom no claim - buildings for which no claims were filed.","But the Polish government didn't agree.","Unfortunately not. We're hoping that the Polish government will look again at this issue and make this process easier not only in terms of the deadline but also what documentation is required. Make sure that archives are open and material is accessible because if you have a right and legislation but not the means to enforce it - and particularly for many of the Holocaust survivors and their families, virtually all of whom live outside of Poland, it's very difficult. They don't speak the language. They don't live in the country. To address even the administrative issues is extremely difficult.","And what makes this important, so many years after the terrible events we're talking about - after the crimes we're talking about?","We're facing a situation where, in the next few years, we will be living in a world where there won't be Holocaust survivors. It's a population, obviously, that's very elderly, very sick and passing away very rapidly. So we think it's a matter of justice and morality to address and to conclude this issue before that last of that generation disappears."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3,4]}
{"text":["Windsor Castle was restored in exactly that timeframe. The day from the fire to the celebration of the reopening of the restored castle was a span of five years. I know people are feeling more positive than they did yesterday because more of the cathedral seems to have survived than seemed possible at the time. And it's a good starting point to think that five years is a reasonable timeframe for the project.","Architect Francis Maude - he's a director at Donald Insall Associates in London.","Thank you for speaking with us.","My pleasure. Thank you."],"speaker":["A","B","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Science and magic are supposed to be opposites. Science is real, and it's hard, and it's facts-driven. Magic is illusion, and it's make-believe. Two separate worlds. But not for Teller, half of the famous magic duo Penn & Teller. He recently wrote an article for Smithsonian magazine, outlining the secrets that magicians use to manipulate the human mind and how those tricks may be put to use by scientists. At the core of every trick, he wrote, is a cold, cognitive experiment in perception. Does the trick fool the audience?","Well, in this portion of the program, we would like to hear from the magicians out there. What is the trick that proved most difficult for you to master?And if you want to share its secret, what was its secret?Our number is 800-989-8255. Our email address is talk@npr. org. And you can join the conversation on our website. Go to npr. org, and click on TALK OF THE NATION. Teller joins us from NPR member station KNPR in Las Vegas. Teller, thanks very much for joining us.","Happy to be here.","So psychologists talk about the artistic intuition that magicians have, this innate ability honed over time, a lot, a lot of time to grab a person's attention and control it and manipulate it. Are they right about that?Are psychologists on to something in this assessment of what you magicians are really up to?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,3]}
{"text":["Yeah. Let me ask, I would think, Sana, that - you've already mentioned that you were surprised that a number of these people were not angry or did not harbor bitterness about having been born to parents who were slaves. But what else was it about them, if there was a thread that seemed to tie them together?","Their parents raised them with hope, the idea that I want your life to be better than mine. And though things aren't the way we were promised, right, with emancipation. Things aren't the way they were promised, that one day they will be, and you'll be ready for it.","You also described them in the book as having immigrant-like expectations. Explain what you meant.","There was this genuine commitment to want to believe in the future, which is phenomenal to think about. There was this belief that everything that happened to me is over. The worst is behind after the Civil War, and I am going to go out and seek a new life in freedom, right?So everything, all of my hopes and dreams, I am going to give that back to the country. There was a genuine commitment to reinvest in the building of what was to be a new America.","Was it a patriotism?"],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["So him and two of his friends were watching Anwar al-Awlaki videos online. And they decided they were going to go join primarily the Taliban. And they traveled to Pakistan. When they got there, they met a number of different connectors and ended up with - actually, with al-Qaida. And al-Qaida realized the benefit of these three Americans that were there. And they sent them back to commit an attack here.","There seems to be real agreement between prosecutors and the judge that Zazi is a changed man. What happened?","Yeah, so when Zazi got picked up in the fall of 2009, he immediately started cooperating. And from then on, for the last 10 years or so, he's cooperated against a number of high-profile trials in the U. S.  - the third in command in al-Qaida, another American and a British operative. He cooperated with law enforcement over 100 times, did interviews there. They described his cooperation as extraordinary, some of the best they've seen in terrorism trials.","Do we know why?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Yeah, I think what Ron said about the end of the day he wants to see all the candidates treated equally. His wish will not be fulfilled is my prediction. As far as I can see, this election is election where Obama is getting all of the scrutiny. Now, when you said media bias, I don't want you to think that this means he's getting all the scrutiny and that scrutiny is positive. He's getting positive scrutiny, he's getting negative scrutiny, and he's getting scrutiny about trivial things that are not normally newsworthy. But my prediction is that the end of the day this is going to be an election where it's going to be about Barack Obama, is he qualified for the job?If he turns out to be, he'll get elected, and if he turns not to be, then McCain will be elected.","All right. Andrew, thank so much.","Great to talk to you, Farai.","Media analyst Andrew Tyndall. He's the publisher of tyndallreport. com, which has been analyzing the network's nightly news coverage for 20 years. And we want to know what you think about the media's coverage of the presidential candidates. Go to our blog at nprnewsandviews. org."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["He's had some injuries for most of the last two or three years. He's had a bad shoulder, he has to wrap his elbow a lot, but no injury has caused him to miss a game since September 2001, since he took over the Patriots' quarterback job.","So, is there any suspicion that the injury he sustained yesterday was a result of an unfair hit?","I think some people in the Patriots thought it was, but you know, most of the people I talked to, including a future Hall of Fame safety, John Lynch, who used to play for the Patriots and is a very good friend of Tom Brady's, said there's no way it was a dirty hit. Things happen too quickly on the football field for some guy to say, I'm going to, in a calculating way, aim for Tom Brady's knee and try to put him out for the year. First of all, I think that's vastly overrated. That might have happened in 1968, but it doesn't happen in 2008, because there's too much respect among players to try to intentionally hurt another guy.","So, who is possibly going to fill these gigantic shoes?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Of course that's what somebody would say that. It's oozing with privilege, right?When we look at women's issues, women's rights, this is a scope in which a man should not have any say on. And I think that it's so asinine for people to - men in particular - to think, like, this is a personal issue. This is something that is true in the world. It's - it can only happen to women. Men will never have to face pregnancy ever. And the people who are going to talk about policies and these protections are going to be men.","Is it true that all the people who negotiate these contracts at Nike are men?","They're all men that are - within house at Nike have been and are all men. It's an old boys club. The culture at Nike is - that's - it remains to be an old boys club. And this is the time for it to be exposed. You know, the time is now.","That was Olympian and former USA champion Alysia Montano. Alysia Montano, thank you so much for talking to us."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["That's why things spin, hurricanes and. . .","Yeah. . .",". . . spin in one direction.",". . . why everything spins. And it has to do with the fact that the Earth is rotating. So it's a physics problem.","So tell us, describe. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["Obviously there's some niche that the starfish occupy. Should we be worried if - what we might do to the ecosystem if we get rid of these starfish?","You know, I think it would only be in the dreams of a few people that they might possibly be able to get rid of all of them. What they're trying to do is cut back on the numbers. So they're going to remove as many as they can, but you're still going to have some out there.","And these sea stars are out there on a lot of reefs in the Pacific in low numbers. You can see little trails of white, dead corals that they've left behind as they've gone along feeding, and that will continue to happen. They're not going to get rid of every last one of them.","But the increase in numbers, I mean, you're talking about going onto reefs and having hundreds to thousands times as many starfish on a reef as you normally would see, and that's a big difference."],"speaker":["B","A","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["So the first thing you need to do is call your fund and see, you know, are you going to be covered, are you going to buy into the pool?I have to say, in all my years - and I've been doing this for a ridiculously long amount of time - I was extraordinarily surprised by the collapse of money funds. If you - right now, they are being backed by the government, and I think that's as good as you can get. If you're - again, if you're terrified, you're going to want to go to Treasury bills or you're going to want to go to your local bank","All right, John, hold on for a minute. We're going to take a quick break and we're going to come back and continue this conversation, and we're going to ask you to answer some questions from some listeners on News & Notes. We'll be right back.","This is News & Notes, I'm Tony Cox. We're back with USA Today's investment columnist, John Waggoner.","John, you've been explaining to us how the ripple effects of Wall Street are hitting the average American, and now we have some questions for you from a few of our listeners. You ready?"],"speaker":["A","B","B","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Yeah. I mean, there was a lot of people pulling up, dropping off food, blankets, and that's fine. Well, below zero, the food was getting cold as soon as someone set it out there.","Yeah. Well, sounds like you've changed their lives and they've changed yours.","Absolutely. They've definitely changed mine because you don't know until you're either in it or next to it. In these past days (ph) I've been next to it. It's freezing outside. You know, some of them are disabled. We've got children here. We got pregnant women here. No. Let them stay where they're at. We'll bring it to them.","You're very impressive, Candice Payne. I'm so glad we could speak with you."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Bernard Tomic, yes, who really didn't show up. He put the white flag up midway through the second set. It was a very interesting week, considering that you also had Kim Clijsters retiring as well. But Roddick is the interesting here because of where American tennis has gone. Between 1968 and 2002, American men have just dominated tennis. We were winning a major tournament 33 percent of the time - a third of all majors went to Americans - Jimmy Connors, John McEnroe, Pete Sampras, Andre Agassi, you name it. And since 2003, we've won just one, and it was Andy Roddick back in 2003 at the U. S.  Open.","And so the state of the game has really declined in terms of this country winning major, major championships. And so he was the last one. And the big question's going to be now is who is going to take his mantle. He was a great, great player, and not good enough though in the age of Roger Federer. He was not close enough to the McEnroe-Connors standard and not good enough to compete with Roger Federer and Rafa Nadal, but represented the United States very, very well.","Wonder, too, how sports broadcasters will get through a major tournament without cutting to shots of Brooklyn Decker cheering on her husband.","Whatever will we do?"],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Why does the American Civil Liberties Union defend the rights of Nazis?Membership and donations have boomed since the 2016 election, as the ACLU has taken on a number of high-profile cases challenging Trump administration policies on immigration, deportation and voter suppression. But some supporters of the organization have questioned the ACLU's defense of the free-speech rights of hate groups, especially following their defense of white nationalist rally at Emancipation Park in Charlottesville a couple of weeks ago, when Heather Heyer was killed. A board member of the ACLU's Virginia affiliate resigned, tweeting - what's legal and what's right are sometimes different. I won't be a fig leaf for Nazis.","We're joined now by the national executive director of the ACLU, Anthony Romero. Mr.  Romero, thanks so much for being with us.","It's my pleasure, Scott. Thank you for having me.","Is the ACLU a fig leaf for Nazis?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3,2]}
{"text":["Yes, I do. I think General Kelly is right. I think a lot of America is out of touch with those of us who have served and the sacrifices that we've made or seen our colleagues make. And that's a divide that we ought to bridge. But you don't do that by politicizing an incident like this. You do it by taking responsibility for your actions. If you're the president, you say I don't think I said that, if that's what he believes. But if I offended the widow in any way, then I apologize.","Congressman, I - a bit off the central topic we've been talking about - did you know U. S.  forces were operating in Niger?","As a member of the armed services committee, I am aware of it but only very peripherally. This is not something that we have talked about or has been briefed to us extensively at all.","So you think there's more to be known about this mission and about U. S.  operations in that area of the world?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,3]}
{"text":["Hey.","Hey, Farai.","So, what are we talking about?","Well, it's a service that HuffingtonPost. com is offering. It's called Fundraece 2008. All you do is enter a street address and the site provides the names, addresses and occupations of the people who live in that area and the candidates they've backed and how much they've given them. And you can search by a person's name or by a company for instance if you want to see how political support breaks down in a place like Halliburton or Google or Bank of America. And it seems like an invasion of privacy. But all this campaign information is public and it's all on the Web. And we have a link to that site on our blog.","Wow, sounds like you can have a neighbor-to-neighbor fight. You don't even have to put the sign out in front\u2026","Exactly."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["I want to mention that Mark Bryant of the Gun Violence Archive is remaining with us for this hour to offer context if we need him. And so, Congressman, you unveiled a detailed plan to address gun violence as part of your presidential campaign. You had a chance to talk about some of these issues in the debate that you participated in. Tell us about, if you would, just, like, what's your signature idea here?And tell us why you think that's so important.","You know, the signature principle is we don't have to live this way. And so many of my constituents have been calling and texting and saying that they're afraid to go to public places. They're afraid to take their kids shopping with them - that they're mindful of that now and in ways that they've never been before. And, you know, one of the ways that we could reduce that fear would be to ban and buy back the 15 million assault weapons in America.","You know, many folks have called for an assault weapon ban on future manufacturing and sales, but I don't think that would go far enough. I think we need to get every single weapon of war off the streets. And it's not something - this is not an original idea. You know, Australia did it in the '90s and New Zealand is underway doing it now after their mosque shooting.","Well, advocates of expansive gun rights would argue that the United States is different, and that the right to own a gun is both - is a constitutional right. What do you say about that?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["What does it mean to put your hat in someone's ring?Does it mean that you are, for example, trying to lead your constituents that you're trying to lead other people, who are a part of the Congressional Black Caucus or part of Congress?What exactly does you putting your chips on the table mean?","For the past 20-something years, I have been putting out a sample ballot. And if people don't get it at the time that they think they should, my office is inundated with calls. You know, through the media, through your sample ballot operation, I let people know what's on my mind. And I try and let them know why I'm doing what I'm doing and then they make their decision.","Congresswoman, I've had a chance to come to your offices in South Los Angeles and you have a multi-racial coalition of staffers - black, white, Asian\u2026","That's right."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,0]}
{"text":["Well, the French have the best intelligence and penetration of their communities in Europe. So there's going to be, as Eleanor said, a search for accomplices. The eight gunmen were killed. Seven of them blew themselves up with suicide belts, and one was shot. And Hollande restricted border access right away last night 'cause there's this concern that suspects or accomplices could escape. So this is actually exactly what happened during the Charlie Hebdo attacks in Paris earlier this year. You'll recall there was a gunman who took hostages in a kosher market. And police were searching for a woman that was with him. It turns out to be his wife. And as they were searching for her, she suddenly surfaced in Syria with ISIS. So they've put all these travel restrictions in place in hopes of avoiding a repeat of that.","Dina, France bristles with visible security. This is the second major attack in a year. What makes France this target?","Well, there's sort of a perfect storm going on in France. It's the third highest - it has the third highest number of foreign fighters who've gone to Syria from Europe. About 200 of those people have returned to France. And that's just too many people to keep an eye on. I mean, in fact, during the Charlie Hebdo attacks, they said one of the reasons why they stopped watching the Charlie Hebdo attackers was because they thought they had more severe threats that they needed to keep an eye on.","NPR's Dina Temple-Raston, thanks so much."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Well, I think what I heard - and I heard it over the three days - is that the president is not going to let up pressure on Japan, on Prime Minister Abe on trade. Despite the close personal relationship, despite all the pageantry of this visit, it was just at the surface that the president was getting a little irritated with the arguments that Japan has been making on trade.","I think that this is not going to bode well for how this is going to end up. Mr.  Abe doesn't have a lot of latitude to give the president what he wants. But I think they're trying very hard to keep it from bursting the seams, so to speak, on the overall political strategic relationship.","What about on North Korea?As Anthony alluded to there, President Trump contradicted not only his host, the prime minister, but his own national security adviser, John Bolton, on the significance of these recent missile launches from North Korea and whether they violate U. N.  Security Council resolutions. How significant a disagreement is that between Tokyo and Washington?","I think that will be a disappointment for Prime Minister Abe for a couple of reasons. You know, again, President Trump said he was not personally concerned about the tests, still trying to lay out what I think he thinks is the base for a bargain with Kim Jong Un, and that is an economic development strategy by North Koreans that will then mitigate the military challenge."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,3]}
{"text":["So you alluded to earlier about the championship coming down. The championship can never come down. That's part of history. You can take a banner down, but you can't take the championship away because there was no performance-enhancing drugs. There was no phony classes. There was no steroids being used, no gambling on the games.","Should college coaches do more than just win?I mean, do they have an obligation to instruct, be good examples for young athletes?","Ninety percent, if not more, of college coaches not only educate their players on the court, they build lifelong friendships. They mentor the young men. They help them get jobs. Unfortunately, the ones that get the most noise are people like myself involved in this scandal that comes across as if college basketball is corrupt. And it's really not. Four years ago, I went on a tremendous rant about shoe companies getting involved in the recruiting business. It's. . .","Yeah, and even as you note in the book, the shoe companies in other ways have been pretty nice to you."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["And that's despite the fact that medics there say they need more supplies, they don't have what they need.","Well, again, we have a very long and porous border with eastern Congo. So knowing exactly where cases may come across is always a difficult thing to know. But we, the U. S.  government, as well as WHO and other partners, have been working very assiduously with the government of Uganda over the last 11 months while this outbreak has been going on in eastern Congo to help build their capacity. Supplies are always a challenge in terms of supply chain, moving things where they need to go. But we feel fairly comfortable that the ability to respond and respond quickly exists here in Uganda.","You mentioned this long and porous border. So the first case in Uganda was this 5-year-old boy who reportedly went to Congo, got the virus there then came back to Uganda with his grandmother, and they both passed. How are the borders being handled?Is security being stepped up?","Since the outbreak in DRC in August of last year, we have worked, along with other partners, with the government of Uganda, to establish screening along the border posts."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2]}
{"text":["Let me ask you about what are called battleground states in this coming election. I'll rattle off Florida, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Is there early voting there?Will people take advantage of it?","Absolutely. Florida - it'll be - approximately 40 percent of the ballots will come in early, perhaps a higher number. Half of those will come in early in person. Ohio also has a lot of early voting. Pennsylvania - no. Pennsylvania still only allows for excuse-required absentee balloting. So in Pennsylvania, they still wait until Election Day.","And, Scott, this is going to change the dynamics in those states so that you will expect to see early rallies timed when the early voting period opens up, likely in Florida, Ohio, North Carolina. The candidates' travel schedule will reflect this because they want to follow up that kind of enthusiasm and get people to the polls right away.","And are more people voting early now not because they have to but because they just want to?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["Thanks very much for inviting me along.","Could you tell us about these horses and their riders?","Absolutely. These four horses, they're all based on the foreshore of the River Thames, just next to Vauxhall Bridge in central London. And it depicts four large-scale horses, based on the London working horse or the Shire horse. And each one of them has a rider on top and also is a kind of hybrid structure. So it's half horse and half oil pump. And they're also in a very tidal zone, so depending on what time of day you visit them, sometimes they're almost concealed and sometimes they're, you know, completely revealed by the water.","How do you cast sculptures in what amounts to an underwater gallery, not just this installation in the Thames, obviously, but some that you've done all over the world?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Well, I have to say that the information on cannibalism and corpse medicine was probably one of my favorites because it's so particularly horrific. People would drink the blood of gladiators. Egyptian tombs were being pillaged for mummies so that they could grind them up into these cures. They were mixed with myrrh and spices and sold in England. And there was even an import tax at the time because there were so many mummies being imported.","And of course though, many of these really gruesome cures didn't work at all. But some of them can be used today to really do something, to really help medically.","Yes. Maybe not mercury, for instance, but arsenic which we think of as the poison that kings would use to kill each other - arsenic today is used as a current treatment for promyelocytic leukemia. And I think a lot of people would be pretty shocked to hear that. Opium, we know, has a long history and still exists today for good and for bad. A lot of these other things like leeches can be used by some surgeons to help - in post-surgical patients to, you know, reduce swelling so that the surgerized tissues survive. So it is shocking to find that a lot of these things still are alive and well in our pharmacopoeias and in our hospitals.","But a little more delicately used."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Thank you very much for having me.","Can you describe the scene for us in Sana'a now?","The situation in Sana'a at the moment is very insecure and unpredictable. It's very scary, obviously, because the airstrikes come at any time. And now with the fuel crisis that's going on, Yemen is a country that is basically based all its - basics let's say from importing - the food, the fuel, the wheat - everything comes importing and talking about the main things that would allow the people to be alive. And now at the borders - the blockade in the borders - this is creating a huge catastrophe that is ahead of us at the moment.","Oxfam had been pushing to end the fighting, at least to get these shipments into the country. Are you worried about future shipments?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3,1,2]}
{"text":["But much more would need to be done to know really when the best time of day would be to eat different kinds of vegetables.","OK. So you started with cabbage. Are there any other veggies that look enticing, so to speak, for you to study or sort of similar to a cabbage cycle?","Well, what we did after we found that this result worked with cabbage, we decided to try to see how broad a phenomenon this might be. We started with other leafy vegetables like spinach and lettuce, and we could show that in the lab, we could re-entrain their circadian rhythms also. And then since those worked, we then went back to the grocery store and bought things like zucchini and blueberries and sweet potatoes and carrots. And of all these we could show could perceive these light-dark signals and reactivate their clock and show rhythmic behaviors.","Mm-hmm. Now, I'm picturing a big head of cabbage. And, you know, cabbage has lots of leaves on it."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["John, you've been explaining to us how the ripple effects of Wall Street are hitting the average American, and now we have some questions for you from a few of our listeners. You ready?","Great, Tony, yes.","Here's the first one. Renee Mack Jones(ph) of Atlanta, Georgia, asks this question. I keep hearing people say that this 700 billion dollars in government rescue money is absolutely necessary, and if the government didn't step in and do something, there would have been a global financial meltdown. But there must be some negative side effects to this historically expensive bailout. What are they, and where are the hundreds of billions of dollars coming from when there is such a large deficit already?","Sure. Well, there are two main drawbacks. One is basically the principle that if you bail these folks out, really you're just encouraging them, they need to be punished for their transgressions, and that some feel that what has happened so far really makes them feel that they haven't been spanked hard enough, that they need really some more pain to avoid such problems in the past."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["That's absolutely correct. The charges themselves don't go to anything about the collusion aspect. I think one thing that's important to understand, though, some folks don't realize this about cooperation - cooperation's like being a little bit pregnant. You're either cooperating or you're not. You have to be completely in (laughter). And the value of somebody like Manafort for the prosecutors may not necessarily be a smoking gun but rather just the fact that he's so familiar with what happened and they'll be interested in that as well.","Let's turn now to Department of Justice's inspector general report on how James Comey and the FBI handled the investigation into Hillary Clinton's private email server. Mr.  Comey didn't come off well, did he?","He did not come off well at all. I think it had been widely thought that he was not going to come off well, and he really violated some basic protocols at the Justice Department. I mean, I was there with Miss Reno as the attorney general. You're very, very careful about anything that could affect a political election. And then on top of that, he is supposed to simply talk about, are they doing the investigation or not?And he really kind of usurped the authority of the prosecutors in making that statement - no reasonable prosecutor would take on this case. He's not a prosecutor there. He is the director of the FBI.","Yeah. At the same time, what do you think of Rudy Giuliani, the president's lawyer, saying that the Mueller investigation ought to be suspended because of the IG report?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["That's a wonderful section that helps us understand how their worlds were shaken up. They were safe, but on the other hand. . .","Well, on the other hand, they were sent all over the country to households who often weren't expecting them and the children themselves didn't know where they were going. They didn't know which town they were going to, who they would be staying with, whether they would be staying with friends or even their siblings. It was extraordinary.","And there were a lot of schemers. There were families who would take them in just because it increased their food coupons.","There were, indeed. And in fact, quite a lot of the research for my book - well, it certainly started with a newspaper called The St.  Albans Advertiser - and I kept on stumbling across scams. I've got one here, actually. This is directly from the newspaper. She has shown considerable ingenuity by her forgeries. Giving a false address and using the names of children that do not exist made the matter very difficult to detect. This was somebody called Doris Evelyn Hart (ph) who was claiming a billeting allowance for six children who weren't staying with her. And this was very common because you got, actually, a decent weekly wage for taking in an evacuated child."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3]}
{"text":["It really is. I don't think that people have an eye on the ground view. We're trying to help people. But helping people macro doesn't really satisfy people micro when it's happening in a neighborhood.","All right, Dr.  Melvo, thank you very much. Always good to hear your points of view.","Thank you, Tony.","That was author and economist, Dr.  Julienne Malveaux. She is also the president of Bennett College for Women in Greensboro, North Carolina."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["That's what won, finally, the attention of the old man. And only when he was tough did the old man respect him. And I think when his father became incapacitated, Bobby began to resort to who he was as a kid. As a kid, he was - he hung around all the time with African-American kids. Those were his playmates, even in Hyannis. He was - he, you know, Father Feeney - when Father Feeney said no salvation outside the Catholic Church, he railed against that, which was so extraordinary in that very Catholic family.","You know, Ralph Bunche - he insisted that that great African-American statesman get to speak to a integrated audience at UVA when he was in charge of the lecture series down there. There's all kinds of evidence of Bobby in the beginning being a liberal in the best sense of that word. And I think it just came more to life after Jack was gone and after the old man was out of action.","Will American voters these days - and donors and journalists, for that matter - let a public figure change in public the way Robert Kennedy did?","Well, I think the hardest thing for him - and to me, the sweetest part of the book - was his evolution on Joe McCarthy. There's no doubt that he loved the guy. It came through right to the end when he was driving in the car at National Airport. And Kathleen, his young daughter, said he was so stricken by the news that McCarthy had just drank himself to death at Bethesda Naval Hospital that he drove around the airport three times. He was just distraught."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2,3,2,3]}
{"text":["It's been extremely stressful, from anxiety to depression to panic, fear, anger. It's been a full palette of emotions. And I've paid my bills through the month of January. I applied for unemployment. I applied for many, many jobs, everything under the sun, from biotech lab work to retail to a fishing boat. I applied for at least 25 jobs.","The effect was building up on you, I guess.","Right, and just scrambling, panicking. What am I going to do?How am I going to pay my rent February 1?","Yeah, sounds like you enjoy your work."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["That's true. And people who are addicted to it are too scared to death to tell anybody, because they're going like, yeah, if I tell somebody I'm addicted to a computer game, I'm going to get laughed out on the street, you know, because so many people haven't seen it or experience it, or they themselves are addicted, so they don't even want to believe that there's such a thing, because they might have to look at their own issue.","Just one quick piece of advice. If you're - you obviously tried to stay in contact with your son. He made it difficult for you, and he's dead. Whether or not some people would argue that it's not the gaming's fault, you think it is. One very small piece of advice for families who are trying to help someone.","I really need to talk to parents and tell them that these games are not glorified babysitters. And I see so many parents so excited because they're teaching their two year old to play games, and by five, they're addicted. You know, it's just heartbreaking to me, because it's like giving their child the drug, and they don't even know what they're doing. They're helping ruin their child's life, because it does affect their brain. It rewires their brain, and it affects how they function in society.","Well, Liz, thank you so much for sharing your story."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["I know, I love the analog too, like you know, record players. But anyway. . .","The old school.","The old school, the truly old school. But speaking of the new school, there's this new phone, the T-Mobile Google Phone. It sounds like a bunch of stiff competition to the iPhone. And phones are so trendy now, they're like little, you know, it's like, what kind of phone do you have?It's like, you know, it's like, are we compatible?I don't know.","Like status statement."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Thank you so much for talking with us.","Well, thank you for calling me. This has been a big thrill for me, I can tell you.","Aw, I'm really pleased.","Made my day - made my year."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["How are you doing?","Hello, Farai. How are you?","Oh, I'm good. You know, we've run in full tilt here. So, let's start with the Democrats. For months, Senator Clinton had held a comfortable lead over Senator Obama, nationally. All caveats about polls in place. What happened to their relative standing?","Hillary Clinton was over 50 percent in some polls in 2007, and then in - even in January - even after Barack Obama had shocked her in Iowa, she still maintained a 15 to 20-point lead in most polls taken nationally because Barack Obama had not yet been introduced to much of the country, and it was still kind of one-sided contest. But over the last couple of weeks, particularly since the South Carolina win really re-launched to the Obama momentum, he's been not just creeping up, he's been absolutely climbing up, and he has been taking over more and more states. And as a result, now even the national poll is reflecting that this race is too close to call - it's a statistical dead heat."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Yeah. That really happened.","I believe you - popping ibuprofen before going out to dance to stop the pain, wearing high heels all day. You had it bad.","I really did. I was a little bit of a slave to heels, and I don't think I even knew it.","Why is that?Why do you think you like them so much?And obviously you're not the only one. A lot of people like them."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Power went out, so hopefully it will come back out soon.","So, power is already out.","Yeah.","I understand that Johnny White's is a good gathering spot. But what are you going to do for food and water and all that kind of stuff?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["And so, finally, what would affect this backlog?What would be the most - in your view, based on your experience - the most effective way to address this backlog - this enormous backlog of cases?","I think, to begin with, any high-volume court system - criminal courts, you know, outside of the immigration system - can only survive when you have - the two parties are able to conference cases, are able to reach pre-case settlements, are able to reach agreements on things. If you could imagine in the criminal court system, if every jaywalking case had to go through a - you know, a full jury trial and then, you know, get appealed all the way up as high as it could go, that system would be in danger of collapse as well. So I think you have to return to a system where you allow the two sides to negotiate things.","And you also have to give the judges - let them be judges. Give them the tools they need to be judges and the independence they need to be judges. And lastly, you have to prioritize the cases.","Before we let you go, I assume that there were different political perspectives at this conference, given that people come from all different sectors of that - of the bar. And I just wondered - and I assume that there are some there who favor more restrictionist methods and some who don't. I was wondering, overall, was there a mood at this conference?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2]}
{"text":["There also seemed to be some significant milestones this week about the ongoing debate over - is this Trump's party now?We saw a lot of well-known intellectuals sort of leave the party. Longtime Republican strategist Steve Schmidt said he quit the Republican Party. Conservative columnist George Will called for Republicans to lose their majorities. And the sad death of Charles Krauthammer also seemed to signal maybe an end of an era here.","I think it is. Charles was a friend and a colleague. And I think his loss isn't just to conservatism in particular, but it's to political discourse in general because Charles was an - a conservative intellectual, not a Republican partisan. There was nothing tribal about him. So that was a really big loss.","Do you think there's any impact for people like Steve Schmidt leaving the party?","You mean impact on him?Well, he's not going to get Republican clients anymore. But. . .","(Laughter)."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Oh, absolutely.","You know, like, what are some of the other barbecue don'ts that come up when all of you all get together?","I think hovering is a big one, people who want to jump on the grill before they've been invited to, people who think they're helping out by bringing a side of beef that they figure you have room on the grill to just add that into your menu, any kind of, you know, presumptuous guests.","What about some barbecue do's?Are there some do's that you wish people would do that they perhaps don't think to do?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,0,3]}
{"text":["Well, no. There is no sign of that yet. They cannot do everything the Trump administration wants because, as we've discussed before, we are asking for structural changes that are at the core of the Chinese Communist Party's governance of China. So they - no, they cannot do that.","And they're entering, remember, a very sensitive political season. You've got the 30th anniversary of the Tiananmen Massacre coming up. They need to look strong. Xi Jinping puts himself forward as sort of the all-knowing, all-powerful leader of China. And he has to seem that it - to be defending the interest of the Chinese people.","So what are the risks to the United States, if continuing to raise tariffs, if it doesn't push China to make a deal?","Well, all of these tariffs cost the American people. President Trump repeatedly says that China is simply transferring money to American coffers. But there are numerous academic studies which indicate that these costs are being borne by the American importers and increasingly by American consumers.","And China is going to be very careful when it retaliates to target consumers in sectors in the United States that are supportive of President Trump. They've already done this in targeting soybeans. They're very deft politically, and that's what they'll continue to do. So they are going to make him politically pay a price. And American consumers will pay as well."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,4]}
{"text":["Well, there was a line of thunderstorms that was moving across Oklahoma. And most people were aware of it. But it spun up this brief tornado called a QLCS tornado. These are the specific kinds of tornadoes that happen in these lines of thunderstorms. And they're known for being brief and weak. But they're also known for coming with very little warning.","And this came at night. It only stayed on the ground for just four minutes. It was only 75 yards wide. But it hit right at this point - if you look on either one side or the other side of this 75-yard section, there's a car lot and a boat lot. It hit a motel and a trailer park. So two people died, and it was terrible.","And do you know what the situation is today in El Reno, how they're doing?","Well, they had already activated their severe weather plan. And this town is well-practiced because it was hit just six years ago by the largest tornado on record. They were already dealing with flooding that had happened earlier in the week. The governor of Oklahoma visited today. And President Donald Trump did call Governor Kevin Stitt while he was out and about saying that the nation's prayers were with Oklahoma.","And I imagine everybody who was in this trailer park has had to find somewhere else to stay for the meantime."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[3,3]}
{"text":["You centered your article around a book that came out in May - \"The Black Witch\" by Laurie Forest. It had some buzz. Kirkus says, quote, \"engaging character set in a rich alternative universe with a complicated history - a massive page turner that leaves readers longing for more. \"But in March, the buzz took a turn. What happened?","A blogger who had an advanced reader's copy of the book disagreed with the reigning buzz and penned a 9,000 word review decrying it, basically, as an end-to-end mess of unadulterated bigotry. So this blogger disagreed with the premise of the book, which basically centers on a girl becoming enlightened to the fact that she's been indoctrinated into an ideology of racist superiority.","And once she had formed this opinion, she - you know, she wrote her review. And she got online and basically called for the activist crowd on young adult Twitter to boost it. And because of online dynamics being the way they are and because of how fast outrage travels, on Twitter especially, it really just blew up into a huge controversy that lasted for multiple weeks right up until the book released.","Did a lot of people who kind of piled on bother to read the book?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Yeah, that's what's, you know, a little crazy about me because - and that's what my friends point out often. And even in the middle of terrible things happening to me, if there's one little piece of something positive happening, I'll think, yes. And I make these crazy logical leaps, like if some little positive thing happens, I suddenly think that, you know, Tom Cruise is going to star in some movie and it's going to get me, you know, bucket loads of money, and everything's fine. And it's all - they're delusions, but they keep me warm at night.","So this book just screams out to be made into a movie. It's written -no doubt - because of your skills in a very cinematic style. If it gets made into a movie, who do you want to play you?","There are a couple of people. I mean, I would think Terrance Howard would be terrific because he's so handsome, and I would feel like, wow, that's such an idealized version of myself.","And I love - you know, I love Don Cheadle, as well. He's so brilliant, and I would be honored if either one of them would play me."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["So in terms of what to do about it, we've said Twitter and Facebook have shut down these accounts, which prompts me to wonder - does shutting down a fake account do that much?Can't the Chinese government, if it's determined to go down this path, just open up two new ones in place of the one that was closed?","It is a cat-and-mouse game, and the companies are constantly trying to get ahead of it. You know, they will try to apply machine learning and artificial intelligence, but it is not a long-term solution. As you said, they can always set up new accounts.","Adam Segal, thanks.","My pleasure. Thanks for having me.","He is director of digital and cyberspace policy at the Council on Foreign Relations, talking there about the move by Facebook and Twitter. They have shut down hundreds of fake accounts they say were created by the Chinese government."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["And how did this start?","Well, about 20 years ago, we were thinking about doing a literary magazine because at the time there weren't too many journals out there for new writers. There weren't many literary journals at all during that time. And so we stumbled upon an idea that we had started with one of our friends from college where he had given me a first line to start a story. And then I would write the story. And then I would send it to him. And I'd give him a first line. And he would start a story. And he would send that back to me. And we did that. And so we decided that we'd open that up to the rest of the world.","How many stories do you typically get?","We run between 300 and 450 submissions in issue."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,3,0,1,2,3]}
{"text":["Correct. It was one of the first ones to come out like that, and so I had no idea it was different from any other game. I just thought it was another game. And he, within three months of playing it, he started - it started affecting his real life negatively. He lost his job. He got evicted from his apartment. By the way, he was 20 years old when he started playing this, so he was an adult. But very quickly it showed negative effects. His personality changed. He started becoming a different person. He became withdrawn, antisocial, depressed. His focus became gaming, and he no longer was concerned about his real life or his future.","When you think about your son, do you think that there were other underlying issues, whether it was depression or some other condition, that caused him to be susceptible to this?I mean, how do you balance that thought out?","I agree with that 100 percent. He had ADD, and from my experience, since 2002, probably 99 percent of the gamers that we've talked to who have problems with gaming have ADD. It seems to make them more susceptible.","Attention deficit."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,0,2]}
{"text":["I mean, imagine you go into the polls believing that migrants, refugees in general, receive much more sort of support than our pensioners and that migrants are violent and rape women and that climate change isn't real. Like, if you actually believe all those things because you have been lied to, I believe that clearly shifts your, at least, voting intention - maybe even stay home 'cause you lost trust in democracy or nearly is altogether. And that is a real threat. It's not just, oh, on the day before the elections, there's a fake news about your voting station. That's not what we're seeing.","What we're seeing is, like, long-term disinformation campaigns with the aim to drive us apart, to deceive us. And as a democracy, we need to stand up and, right now, say, now we vote even more because we believe that democracy's our strength, and we will not be manipulated by this type of behavior.","Christoph Schott, thank you.","Thank you very much. There was a joy."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Mm hmm.","Interracial relationships, though, may still be controversial to some degree. How do you see the difference if you see one between interracial relationships today and the way they were when you were doing Society's Child?","You know, it's a huge difference from my viewpoint. There will always be those people who are just backward and ignorant. There will always be those people. They need somebody to feel superior to. For my point of view, I live in Nashville, Tennessee, there's no way I could have lived in Nashville at 16 in 1966, '67. There's no way that Nashville would have had room for somebody like me then. I see interracial couples all the time in Nashville. I'm a Jew in Nashville. I'm a gay person in Nashville. It's a non-issue in most of the time. That's a huge leap forward.","(Singing) You come to my door, baby, Your face is clean and shinning, black as night. My momma went to answer, You know, that you looked so kind. Now, I could understand the tears and the shame, She called you, boy, instead of your name, When she wouldn't let you inside, When she turned and said, \"But, honey, he's not our kind. \"She says I can't see you anymore, baby, I can't see you anymore."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Well, there's no doubt about that. So the near-Earth asteroids number about 500,000, but we only know of 9,000. And the reason that they're so interesting, Ira, is because they are actually energetically easier to reach than the surface of the moon. So we've been to the moon many times, and the moon is a great place, which is very worthy of our exploration. But just to give you an idea of how close some of the asteroids are, they're easier to reach than our own moon.","Yeah.","So they're not way out there in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. These are. . .","Right."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2,1]}
{"text":["Right. We can run through who is to blame for this, but I'd rather talk about what the solution is. The sticking points are on immigration. The president wants to change the system. Are you willing to scrap, for example, the visa lottery where 50,000 visas are given out to individuals from countries who aren't represented. . .","I think we have to look at it in a comprehensive way. But the point right now is just the other day, just the other night, Mitch McConnell understood that he needed 60 votes to continue the - to pass a continuing resolution. And yet he went forward knowing he did not have the 60 votes. So it is time for the Republicans - let's be clear. They control the House. They control the Senate. They control the White House. They've got to sit down and negotiate and understand they can't get everything they want. . .","Right. But what are you asking for?What are you asking for, exactly?","What we're asking for is three things. We are asking for an annual budget which will provide equally for defense and nondefense spending. We are asking that months and months after these terrible disasters impacted Texas and Florida and Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands - that we deal with disaster relief. And we are asking what the American people want. Recent poll had 87 percent of the American people saying that DREAMers should receive, retain their legal status that Trump took away from them. And most of those folks think there should be a path toward citizenship."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["And when we returned at the beginning of this year, in the beginning of 2008, we could really see that the sectarian violence was beginning to abate, and that's continued tremendously throughout this year. So we've been able to focus a lot of our efforts on stability operations and infrastructure and just helping with building up the government and the local government forces there. So it's been a really good, positive year, and I think that the soldiers all the way down to the lowest level can see that progress.","And the Status of Forces Agreement, known as SOFA, went into effect today, and that among other things mandates the withdrawal of all U. S.  troops from Iraq by 2011. Are people talking about that?And how is it affecting them?","Well, the SOFA basically states that we will be continuing to work with the Iraqi forces for the remainder of the time that we're here. And it has set a timeline, but our timeline to come home really hasn't changed even according to that. But a lot of the troops now are looking towards the future, knowing that they'll probably wind up going to Afghanistan.","So right now, the schedule of deployments, we don't really know how far out that's going to go, and so people are just sort of looking towards getting our job done here and then heading home to their families."],"speaker":["A","B","A","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["This was James Maynard at the University of Montreal.","Yeah, James Maynard, he got the current world record, which is 600. And that was very recently. That was November the 19th he announced it. It was all done on the Internet, and at one stage the record was tumbling at about every half-hour. So, mathematics, which usually takes place over months and years, for a period of a few months was going gangbusters fast. And this record was tumbling down. It seems to have settled at 600. It might creep down. I don't think the methods that we've got now will bring us down to 2. But 2 is within grasp. And because this ancient problem about 2 is within grasp, I would say 2 is absolutely the number of the year in mathematics. It's the number mathematicians have been talking about.","Keith, are there implications for this finding for those of us who think it's got nothing to do with us whatsoever should know nevertheless?","You can bet that whenever there's an advance to do with prime numbers, the intelligence community is absolutely on top of it. Because in our knowledge of the prime numbers lies pretty well all of the secret codes that we use for communications around the world. It's all to do with the difficulty of computing some of the things we know theoretically happen in mathematics."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Much like Stuxnet, Flame is also believed to be the handiwork of a nation-state. Why are antivirus experts so concerned about Flame?How does this malware tool, spy kit(ph) and eavesdrop?Who's behind Flame, and who are they targeting, and why is it being compared to Stuxnet?","That's what we're going to be talking about this hour. Our number is 1-800-989-8255, 1-800-989-TALK. My guest is Kim Zetter. She is senior reporter at Wired covering cybercrime, privacy, security and civil liberties. She's currently writing a book about Stuxnet and joins us from Oakland, California. Welcome to SCIENCE FRIDAY.","Thank you.","What makes Flame different?"],"speaker":["B","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,3]}
{"text":["And finally, I was going to ask you about that - this - are there other steps that Mexico is trying to take or would like to take to stop this flow of migrants through their country?","Well, the actual border between Guatemala and Mexico is an obvious place if they want to stop people coming through that they could block access. And having more agents down here, whether they're national guard or someone else, I mean, would certainly result in more detentions of migrants. Really, the question right now and the thing that I'm seeing is that the local immigration detention center here is at more than double capacity right now.","So there is definitely a question - if Mexico really does step up the number of migrants it stops here, does it have the resources to take care of them?And then, for those who need protection - those fleeing persecution - do they have the ability and the willingness to protect those people?","That is reporter James Frederick on the Mexican side of the Guatemala-Mexico border. He's actually about 30 miles north of the border at the moment."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["The president's reaction, they're happy with, I think. The alt-right - Lana actually - I asked her this specifically - I said, you know, what do you think about Donald Trump?And she said, let's be honest; he's not one of our guys. We've never thought that he was one of our guys.","But the more that he does not disavow the things that they believe in and either tacitly or directly supports them, the better.","Seyward Darby - her article \"The Rise Of The Valkyries\" is published in the September issue of Harper's Magazine. Thank you so much for speaking with us.","Thank you so much for having me."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1,2,3,1]}
{"text":["I never approached any of the essayists with ideas in mind in terms of what I wanted them to write about. I wanted them to speak to their own truth to whatever they felt was the most poignant experience for them. And that was it for Nada, and Nada wrote so honestly about what she'd experienced. And it was all tied as well into her own career. It wasn't just about losing Anthony. It was about how all of those different threads came together in her life - the Arab Spring.","And that takes me back to the idea of hopelessness because that's Nada's story. She felt that way, and she was speaking to her own truth. And some of the women have similar feelings about the region, where it's almost like, well, this is just - the losses are too steep.","We mentioned resiliency. Are there other themes that connect these essays?","I think identity is a big one. All of them definitely feel very strongly about where they come from. I tend to say there's this idea of a homeland - and it's quite poetic in the Arab world - where, I'm from here. I want to be telling the story. This is the truth of what's happening in my homeland."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,3]}
{"text":["Because we are, alas, almost never chased by lions now, our stressors tend to be things that are not actually going to threaten our lives. The jerk at work, traffic, these things are not going to kill us, but they do elevate our stress response in a similar way, but they don't offer us the same opportunity to complete the stress response cycle. So we're walking around with a couple decades of incomplete activated stress response cycles in our bodies that are just waiting for us to go ahead and do the thing we need to do.","Physical activity is the most efficient. Affection is really powerful. One of our favorite recommendations is the 20 second hug. If you hold someone that long, it communicates to your body that you have a person in your life whom you love and trust enough and who loves and trusts you enough to stand this close together. And your chemistry shifts into a state of I have come home, which is the end of the stress response cycle.","At the end of each chapter, you have these little TL;DR recaps - it's internet talk for too long; didn't read. So what is the TL;DR for this conversation?What's the one thing you really want people to take away, Emily?","It's that wellness is not a state of being. It is not a state of mind. It is a state of action."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Yeah. And it was supposed to be this sort of message of unity, right?We're all on the same page with this. And the president sort of flips the script, as he often does. And we're not just seeing this disconnect with Russia.","No. There are so many other examples. Last week, the president tweeted that he wanted Attorney General Jeff Sessions to, quote, \"stop this rigged witch hunt\" - in other words, the Mueller investigation - \"right now. \"But Sessions didn't do it. And then his - the president's top lawyers and his press secretary rush out to say, oh, he wasn't giving an command to anyone. And his FBI director Chris Wray has been on the record saying he doesn't think the Mueller investigation is a witch hunt.","Same thing on Iran. President says he talked to the Iranians without preconditions. Hours later, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo lays out a whole lot of preconditions. The president threatens to shut down the government over the border wall. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell comes out and says nope. We're not shutting down the government.","And it's not just Trump's administration, right?We also saw this extraordinary message coming from his wife, the first lady."],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["And how much of the war do you see?","I see a lot of the war. It's everywhere. It's just - it feels like we are back on time where hundred years back where we worry about every single thing. For example, I wake up in the morning and you worry, will I have electricity?These days, it's very cold. We cannot have heaters. Hospitals cannot operate because the shortage of fuel. And then when you go to the supermarkets, the prices have either doubled or tripled. A family that lives near to my parents, a neighbor of theirs, actually lost their child because they simply didn't have a single thing to feed them - no water, no clean water, no food. So it's really, really crazy to believe that you're in the 2018.","Yeah. What happens when you go to the market?What's for sale there?How much does it cost?","I'll just give you a quick example - eggs actually. In the past, we used to buy five eggs with 100 riyals but now just over the past couple of months, you buy one egg with 100 riyal. So it's becoming very hard. People will just lock themselves in their houses. And others who are trying to find a solution, they go out in the streets asking for help, but the rest are just dying inside their houses quietly. Sometimes they boil water and just put some spices on top of it and consider it a meal."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Yeah. Mr. Champagne, is it rough to be - well, look, we've done stories in Englewood. What's it like to be a young man in Englewood now, surrounded, as I don't have to tell you, by a lot of crime, a lot of drugs, sirens all night?","Yeah, correct.","People who are, you know, afraid to walk the street. What's it like growing up that way?","Well, it's tough 'cause you got to know when to come outside, when not to come out; when to go to the store, when not to go to the store. You know, cross the street, go left, go right, you know, either way it go, you get, like, A, shot at or, you know, get jumped, get robbed. It's tough.","Yeah. And a program like this, how does it help you see things differently and what you should do differently?"],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0,2]}
{"text":["And what exactly is happening in Tulsa?","Well, so all of this water from upstream that's coming from northeast Oklahoma is heading downstream into Tulsa. They have these aging levees. Many of them were built in the 1940s. The Keystone Dam is releasing huge amounts of water, and that has led to thousands of people being evacuated from their homes in the Tulsa area.","And then if you go down river, as you get closer to Arkansas, some communities, like Braggs and Webbers Falls, have been totally emptied out. One mayor earlier this week told people that if they refuse to evacuate, they should write their identification on their arm.","Wow. I mean, it does sound as though it's just an overwhelmingly awful combination of floods and tornadoes and bad weather. What are people saying as you are out and about interviewing people and, I guess, just talking to your own neighbors?"],"speaker":["B","A","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,1]}
{"text":["An appointment like yours will sunset with this presidency. So, what do you plan to do afterwards?","I don't know. You know, government service, my term in government service, the last two years, followed a private-sector career of 24 years. One of the exciting things about being in the government, I think, is when you can move the needle it touches so many people's lives. And prior to this, I ran the Small Business Administration and - which does terrific work, including providing loans for disaster victims, homeowners, not just small businesses. So, I'm very open-minded. You know, I loved working in the private sector, but I just really treasure the opportunity to make an impact through the public sector.","You've mentioned disasters a couple of times, and we are rolling around on the third anniversary of Katrina. The federal government's response was widely criticized. What do you think you've done right in terms of dealing with disasters recently?","Recent history has been very good, whether it be the fires in California or the floods in the Midwest, a number of significant tornado incidents. And what I think has happened well, it really falls into a couple of areas. Number one, I think the response has been rapid. The front-end response has been rapid. Number two, which I don't think is quite as visible to people, is the coordination among government agencies at the federal level, and between the federal and then the state and local levels, has been, I think, much improved."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["Does this mean human beings could return and be healthy?","I think our data don't really lend themselves to addressing that specific question for a number of reasons. Humans are much more long-lived than wild animals, so I would be cautious to extrapolate those findings to humans.","How do you explain that this area, that I think most of us consider to be a wasteland, has so much wildlife?","It was well-established that when you create large reserves and protect wildlife from everyday human activities, wildlife, generally, tend to thrive. So our study did not look at any specific health effects of animals. I think that's important to note. But what our study does suggest is that even if there are potential, subtle genetic effects, those effects are greatly overshadowed by the impacts humans have on the environment."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["You still give, I gather, motivational speeches and make appearances, don't you?","I do.","What do you say?","People do have to fight and fight hard to get through adversity. And I'm certainly one that's been through a lot in the last two or three years. And I sort of have a Ph. D.  on it right now. And - but I am very upbeat, very positive about the future.","I've got to ask you about one of your former assistants. Andre McGee paid for a woman named Katina Powell to bring in paid escorts for potential Louisville recruits and players between 2010 and 2014. You say in the book this was news to you.","Well, it was news to everyone. It was news to these other - the full-time assistant coaches. That being said, they were women that would look like college kids. They were snuck through a side door mostly. They dressed like college girls. Security didn't see anything out of the ordinary."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[3]}
{"text":["Right. How did you feel when you found out about Epstein's death?","It was definitely not a good moment. And it's still not, you know?Even every single time I hear those words, there's a certain amount of anger that shoots through my blood that I can't explain.","What are you angry at?","I'm angry that there's no justice in that, you know?He's not ever going to be here to face the music or to hear the pain that he's caused or the lives that he's destroyed. I mean, after all I've gone through, I finally came forward. And it almost feels all for nothing now, you know?I'm sorry. I'm just, like, getting. . ."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Divers finally managed to get into the passenger decks of the ship. And they saw through a window three bodies, but they were unable to actually get in and recover those bodies. They did not find any survivors yet, but they've been trying very hard all week to get in there. They've been dealing with next to zero visibility, very strong currents. Also, they've been trying to pump air into that ship in the hopes that there are some survivors hanging on in air pockets. And because of that, they've got cranes on the scene, but they haven't tried to lift the ferry out of the water yet for fear that it'll further endanger those survivors.","Police have arrested the ship's captain and several crew members. What are the charges?","The charges against the captain are negligence. They're saying that he abandoned the passengers when they needed them. And a lot of people in this country are angry that the captain apparently jumped ship himself while telling the passengers, these high school students, on the boat to stay put and await help. Now the prosecutors say that at the time of the accident, the captain was actually not on the bridge of the ferry. The person taking the wheel was the third mate, who had never navigated some tricky waters where there are a lot of coastal areas and islands. And this was a very young and inexperienced third mate.","The vice principal of the high school where most of the passengers were from committed suicide. He was one of the survivors?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2]}
{"text":["Well, when the storm stops, and they give the all-clear to leave, the first thing will be to see if we even have a car that we can get into because they're expecting flooding in this area. And then we'll go from there - one step at a time.","Well, thank you very much. Susie and Ben Black talking to us from the maternity ward at HealthPark Medical Center. . .","Thank you.",". . . In Fort Myers, Fla."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[0]}
{"text":["So, maybe they're taking a loss on the turkey, but the consumer comes in and buys cranberries, buys potatoes, buys a turkey baster, all of these other things.","Prices for avocados drop right before the Super Bowl, too, when a lot of guacamole gets made. But Valentine's Day bucks that price drop trend. Roses are popular for that holiday, and it turns out that roses are fussier than turkeys, which, after all, can be frozen. In economist-speak, roses are supply inelastic.","They all have to be harvested within a very short period of time. They have to be packed and sorted and shipped around the country.","But turkeys can be thrown into a freezer months ahead of time. So, if you're already thinking about what to get for a special someone next February 14th, here's an idea in economic verse. . ."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}
{"text":["Yeah, you and I are on the same page. I think that's craziness. I don't like temporary tax reductions. I don't like temporary legislative fixes, generally. I want to see permanent legislative fixes. So I am against the fact that they are temporary, but I'd rather have, as a person who pays these taxes, as a middle-income person - I'd rather have seven years of tax reduction than what the Democrats were proposing, which was a trillion dollars in increased taxes.","I'd like to talk about the political ramifications. By and large, polls show this isn't popular, and it pushes through some very substantial changes in the financial lives of Americans. Do you think that there will be a cost come 2018?","No, I think what we're going to see is if the economic effects of this are positive, then it will have positive political ramifications. For the most part - and again, I'm just talking regular people. Regular people vote with their wallets. If the economy continues to improve, and we're seeing robust growth - the last growth number was 3. 3 percent, which is extraordinary higher than anything we saw in the Obama era. If that kind of growth continues, if real job growth continues, if real wage growth continues, we're going to see a wave election for Republicans.","And how do you think the deficit problems will be resolved?How are you hoping that that will be addressed?"],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1]}
{"text":["Now, again, I spent my life being hassled by white cops. And the first thing I thought was, do you mean to tell me after everything I've been through, that St.  Peter is a white cop?That was the first thing that went through my mind.","Oh, my gosh. Well, that is a clear sign of your sense of humor. Brian, just stay with us. We won't keep you too much longer. Brian Copeland is the author of the book and creator of the production \"Not a Genuine Black Man. \"","And next on NEWS & NOTES, if you or someone you love is struggling with depression or mental illness, where do you turn?We've got two medical experts with a long history of promoting mental health. Plus, we read from your letters.","I'm Farai Chideya, and this is NEWS & NOTES. This month, we are focusing on the critical issue of mental health. We're also speaking with Brian Copeland, the author of the book and creator of the production \"Not a Genuine Black Man. \""],"speaker":["A","B","B","B"],"correct_turn_number":[2,0]}
{"text":["Well, the Chinese leadership has continued to see dialogue first with Kim Jong Un. They've had two publicly announced meetings with him. One of them came right in advance of North Korea's announcement that it was going to pursue a satellite launch. We don't know whether that subject was discussed in China. But, you know, the indicator suggests that China is still trying to figure out if there is a way that it can influence the situation in North Korea without taking measures that would enhance instability. The Chinese priority is basically to maintain stability in North Korea.","And so it was - it's willing to prop up that terrible regime if it will prevent that regime's collapse and the horrible situation that might ensue.","I think it's certainly the case that if you're, you know, looking at why North Korea still is there in the middle of this otherwise prosperous region, the hand of China is the critical explainer for why North Korea is still able to survive.","Xi Jinping has been in power just a brief time in Beijing, but in that time, we have seen increased pressure on the Senkaku Islands. These are the disputed islands unoccupied, uninhabited islands in the East China Sea. Japan has controlled them for, what, 100 years. China claims them as well. There had been confrontations in the past where patrol boats and fishing boats had exchanged even water canon spray. But this time, a Chinese patrol craft flew over the islands, and that's a different situation."],"speaker":["A","B","A","B"],"correct_turn_number":[1,2,1]}
{"text":["One of the roles that he may well play is kind of smoothing out the relations between President-elect Obama and his secretary of state to be, Hillary Clinton. The two were once rivals. Can you give an example of how he might go about in mediating, making sure that everything runs smoothly?","Well, I don't think you're going to have to ask that. Senator Hillary Clinton is a real pro. She's a great American. And she will know and understand her role. I just have no qualms about their needing any mediation whatsoever, and I don't think Jim Jones or anyone else will have to do it.","Can you give an example, politics aside, business aside, maybe of a time that you two shared together that just gave you a sense of what he was like?","We made a trip, as I recall, to the Balkans a good number of years ago when he was a one star general, and just sitting with and listening to him tell about the intricacies of situations there. He has a good handle on the problems that that faces."],"speaker":["B","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[0,1]}
{"text":["Yeah. I mean, I don't think they're damaging at all. I think Putin can be quite happy with these results. He had a real problem two years ago after the intervention in Ukraine. Western powers were ignoring and isolating Russia. Obama called the country a regional power. And today, Putin is deciding war and peace in Syria. And, you know, he's being attributed with powers of influencing a U. S.  election. So, in some ways, it makes Russia seem much bigger than it really is.","One thing to keep in mind is that Russians have been told, for some time, that they're at war with the West, not really a shooting war but an information war, sort of a struggle for influence. So there's a widespread perception here that Russia is, itself, the victim of a Western conspiracy. So I think you can say, from the Kremlin's perspective, Russia's just giving the West a taste of its own medicine. More broadly speaking, I think this report really doesn't matter very much here in Moscow. People here are waiting for the inauguration of Donald Trump and nothing else really matters.","NPR's Moscow correspondent Lucian Kim, thanks so much for being with us.","Thank you."],"speaker":["A","A","B","A"],"correct_turn_number":[1,3]}