So one of the most famous stories about Julie takes place at a royal ball, at the Palais Royal. She attended in men's clothes. She often dressed in men's clothes, in the way that Katharine Hepburn dressed in men's clothes, not pretending to be a man, just, that was her style. And she saw a young woman on the dance floor, beautiful young woman, and she kissed her. Everyone gasped. And three men, one after another, three noblemen challenged her to a duel. So she said to them, one after another, yes, I'll meet you outside at midnight. Fought them, one after another, beat them all and then returned to the ball.

(Laughter) Just another night at the palace.

As you do, that's right. And, you know, that really sealed her reputation as a wild, uncontained woman who just did not care about any of the protocols.

Yeah. And how important was historical accuracy to you as a novelist?

turn 1 :  "Just another night at the palace" is an idiomatic expression used to suggest that the situation described is not unusual or surprising. It does not mean that such events commonly occur at the palace.

How is "Just another night at the palace" used in the dialogue?

Answer: Sarcastic


About a year ago, my husband started getting Facebook friend invitations from like every girl he ever went to school with, and it seemed as if half of them confessed crushes on him.

Lissa Soep quickly figured out social networking sites not only allowed her to get back in touch with people - her husband could reconnect with folks from his past, too. But it turns out that's not all bad.

These were girls frozen in his memory with teenage breasts, AP English minds, and a sense that anything was possible. Like this one girl from seventh grade. She friended my husband on Facebook and then reminisced about the day his family moved away. She put on her favorite dress, painted her nails purple, and worked up all her courage to hug him goodbye. Isn't that so funny, she wrote. How silly we are as kids?

You think I'd be mad or at least threatened by all this nostalgia, but I wasn't. For a split second, at least, my husband was less familiar to me, and I mean that in a good way. With so many people my age riding Facebook like a time machine to our past lives and loves, you might expect the site would be breaking up marriages or at least unleashing all sorts of digital infidelity. Some of that is happening.

turn 2 : His memory had these girls staying the way they were and not changing into what they are now.

Answer: Crushes


Well you know, I'd been rapping for years. I mean, since grade school and so forth but I, you know, I really didn't make my professional outing until college. At that time we were just, you know, all hanging around at the college radio station, listening to music and writing songs and none of us had really released any albums yet. And it just dawned on us that, you know, given the state of the industry, if we weren't going to put out our records then our music would probably never get heard. And fast forward 10-plus years later this is it.

So what was it like performing for the first time in a venue, not in a dorm room, not just with your friends, where were you and what was that like?

I think the first, what I would consider the first show was - I was the very first act on a show at a club here in San Francisco called The Stone. And on that bill it was pretty amazing. I mean I was absolutely first in order on a bill of like …

Which is a blessing and a curse.

turn 3 : Being the first act on the bill is both a blessing and a curse.

Which act was PersonB on the bill at The Stone?

Answer: First


And you actually crossed a few lanes of traffic to get out there and check it out.

Yeah.

What did it feel like to be in that no man's land?

Yeah. I know, I felt like Robinson Crusoe. I felt like some postmodern Vasco da Gama, I don't know. The idea to go into this place - obviously completely ludicrous 'cause no one would go across these lanes of traffic, which travel at quite a speed. And so of course I pretended to be like from the Council or some person in authority, you know, classifying the shrubbery. You know, I did my little faux survey and then escaped. But yeah, what a strange feeling and available to all of us 'cause we've all got these places around where we live.

turn 3 : there are no turns in this conversation. whose actual meaning are different from their literal meanings. all of the turn are being used in a straight forward and literal meaning.

What was PersonA pretending to be when they crossed the lanes of traffic?

Answer: councilperson


Well, Manafort has a second case. That case is here in Washington, D. C. He pleaded guilty to two conspiracy charges. This is a case that was also brought by special counsel Robert Mueller. Manafort, in D. C, agreed to cooperate with the government. That cooperation deal collapsed after the special counsel's team essentially said that he lied to investigators about a number of things.

The presiding judge in D. C. , Judge Amy Berman Jackson, agreed with the government. The maximum sentence that Manafort faces here in D. C.  is 10 years. Now, the question that hangs over all of this is whether Judge Jackson here in D. C.  is going to make him serve, whatever sentence she gives him, simultaneously or stagger it. So is he going to get another 10 years in addition to what he got in Virginia?

Any chance of a presidential pardon?

The president has not taken that entirely off the table, but his lawyers say it's not under discussion.

turn 0 : "That cooperation deal collapsed after the special counsel's team essentially said that he lied to investigators about a number of things." - The actual meaning here is that Manafort broke the cooperation deal by lying to investigators, which resulted in the deal collapsing.

What caused the cooperation deal to collapse?

Answer: Lying


There were some in the immediate crowd, Scott, who were smiling. But the president chose to make his tour of the damage in a rather affluent area where the damage was not so severe. Elsewhere on the island, these remarks seemed surreal. Plus, there was his rather cavalier comment about Puerto Rico's debt crisis, which is quite severe and which he dismissed and said, well, that's gone. That's gone. That's gone. Well, the next day, the president's budget director had to walk that back and say we shouldn't take that word for word. And all of this gave the impression that the president wasn't taking Puerto Rico as seriously as he did the hurricane disasters in Texas and Florida.

Did he leave a different impression the next day in Las Vegas?

You know, he did, and very much so. Whether it was recompense or whether the Vegas shooting just got to him on another level, one of his most authentic moments, really, of apparent empathy since he took office.

We're getting a tweet from president - from President Trump. Or we're not getting it. But he's tweeted, I called Chuck Schumer yesterday to see if the Dems would do a great health care bill. Obamacare is badly broken, big premiums. Who knows?

turn 3 : The President's remarks suggested that he was not taking Puerto Rico's plight as seriously as he did other disaster areas.

What did the President's budget director have to do the next day after the President's comment about Puerto Rico's debt crisis?

Answer: Texas


Thank you, Sacha. It's good to be here.

So I assume that the past few days have been an emotional roller coaster for Sudan. It finally ousted its leader, but then another autocrat took his place. And that spurred more protests. And suddenly, that person was also gone. How are you feeling now?

Yeah. I mean, it's definitely been - it feels a lot longer than a week, for sure. And you know, we've kind of been dealing with just so many emotions. And you know, I've been feeling very hopeful and then suddenly somewhat doubtful. And then, you know, it's back to just being, you know, persistent and making sure that everything that's happened so far is not lost.

And yeah, I mean, it's definitely been a very emotionally charged, you know, few months and especially just the last week. I mean, I think now morales are high. I think people are still, you know, just sort of keeping their eye on their prize of a full democratic transition to a civilian-led government and not a military-led government.

When the defense minister stepped in, was that viewed as a coup - and not in a good way?

turn 3 : people are still, keeping their eye on their prize of a full democratic transition to a civilian-led government and not a military-led government. So when the defense minister stepped in it was viewed as a cop.

How was the defense minister's intervention viewed?

Answer: Coup


You had to actually take the thing apart to change games.

Take out the battery and everything to change games.

That would be a drawback.

That's a drawback. And number two - they didn't have any games. There was, like, two games that were worth playing.

turn 2 : "That would be a drawback" - The speaker is not referring to the act of physically removing the battery and taking the thing apart to change games as a drawback. Instead, they are referring to the fact that this process is inconvenient as a drawback.

Which process is referred to as a drawback?

Answer: Process


And the bottom line is - I think it's a bold step because, you know, he's still is subject to the Presidential Records Information Act. So, you know, anything he does on that could in fact be subpoenaed. So - but he's used to using it. I think it's going to make him continue to have that comfort zone. I think he's probably going to be very cautious as to what messages he decides to use that for. But if people want to subpoena that he's got to go and have somebody pick up the milk maybe. . .

You know, I don't know.

The president's got a Black Ops BlackBerry. That's going to be really. . .

Yeah, but they did remove….

turn 0 : The bottom line means the most important fact of the situation.

Answer: Uncertain


Yes. So, given the fact that I had been able to, you know, prove myself under harsh circumstances, prove my judgment, my composure, my, you know, warrior spirit, if you will, despite all this and despite the medals that came and the valor devices and everything - you know, there's a position called a combat controller. And the officer version of that is a special tactics officer. It would have been right up my alley. Despite everything that I had just proven, I was barred from even applying for that job.

Major Hegar, I got to ask you a couple of questions. I want it understood they in no way question your valor, your physical, mental or emotional capabilities. But, you know, the U. S.  Marine Corps, for example, has a 12-week course for officers that's a prerequisite for leaving infantry units. And the first two women who tried to make it through that course last year didn't.

Right.

Do you think standards should in any way be changed so that you get more equal numbers of men and women?

turn 1 :  This statement implies that the interviewer has doubts about Major Hegar's capabilities, but is not directly expressing them.

Which word in the dialogue suggests that the interviewer has reservations about Major Hegar's abilities?

Answer: Reservations


. . . And because I've written certain things. And now I know that certain people in Saudi Arabia that I can't even name, people who work at the Royal Court, are putting names on a list, people like me and others. And these people are now blacklisted in this country. And we know it. I mean, we all know it, OK?So this is it. This is what's at stake.

Why do you think this is happening now?

What's different now is certain regimes, even if they were fierce and bold and sometimes ruthless with their own opponents, did not do this level of things abroad or in the daylight, OK?Mubarak could make opponents disappear in Egypt. He would never dare to touch someone in the streets of London or Berlin. The Saudi leadership used to kidnap some princes for family reasons in Switzerland or elsewhere, but they would not kill someone in the streets of Paris or Rome, OK?So this is now different. These countries today feel that they have withered an extraordinarily enormous storm, which is the Arab revolution that started in 2011, OK?So they are today on a full-blast quest and hunt against anybody who could threaten their political existence.

If the West specifically and the United States don't react forcefully to Jamal Khashoggi's disappearance, what do you think the effect will be?

turn 0 : They are on a list of people that are treated badly by the country.

What is the consequence of the Arab revolution that started in 2011?

Answer: Consequence


Inside the box is a hand mirror, which is made not from glass but of pumiced metal. It has a wooden handle decorated with gold. The Egyptians weren't alone. Through the ages, women have had their cosmetics and must-haves. Curator Jane Adlin said the French called their ornate cosmetic boxes necessaires.

You would find tiny little perfume flasks, combs, nail files, tiny scissors. These are clearly meant for the luxury market and were pieces that could have been owned by Madame de Pompadour or royalty, and were carried by their maids and brought out when the madam would ask for a comb or whatever.

Finally, someone placed the box on a table and drew up a chair.

When portables and tables come together and become the dressing table - and that's sort of late 1700s. And by the mid-1800s, the dressing table has become this sort of extraordinary furniture piece of the beginning of the era of the dressing table.

turn 2 : implies that the box was placed in a specific location in preparation for someone to use it, rather than just setting it down on a table.

What action was taken with the box in turn 2?

Answer: Placed


WHYY.

Excellent. And tell us a little bit about your situation. You wrote that you are a member of the sandwich generation. What does that mean?

Well, it means that I'm taking care of children, and I'm also taking care of an elderly mother.

So, you've got a lot of expenses. How are you coping with those expenses right now?

turn 2 : The speaker is facing financial difficulties due to caregiving responsibilities.

How is the PersonA's financial situation?

Answer: Difficulties


And within hours, the guy was arrested. And we could see him being taken into a police station.

With such fear in Beijing, how were you able to report the story?

You know, we couldn't hire translators. That was dangerous. Nobody answered their phones, so we just monitored Chinese television. You know, you could listen to shortwave broadcasts. You could go out on the streets. You know, I reread the transcripts of my first day reporting. And we were out with a taxi. The taxi driver, he tapped my arm under the steering wheel because he wanted me to see all the troops in the street, but he kept his eyes straight ahead.

Then we decided that we would hire a rickshaw - one of those buggies that's propelled by a man on a bike. So I put a microphone down my sleeve and a tape recorder in my bag, and we headed off. And I'm narrating what I'm looking at. And this is what it sounded like 30 years ago.

turn 2 : Reporting in China was dangerous and required creative measures to obtain information.

How did they monitor Chinese television?

Answer: Shortwave


Well, that's a big part of the checkout of the - what we're doing for the first month or so is just going through and sort of systematically checking out each part of the rover, all of the science instruments, the basic mobility, capability, the arm, the different pieces just to make sure everything is okay after the voyage to Mars.

And then we'll start doing the science mission and really, in earnest, you know, start exploring the area around Bradbury's Landing. It's - in the case of ChemCam, we also get the benefit with the laser that we were actually able to do some early science measurements, as well. And so, as part of the checkout, we got science data in addition.

Do you have a rock in mind that you want to zap in earnest?

We did, yeah. Well, we actually zapped pretty much the area right around where the rover landed. And it's actually interesting to the scientists because the plume of the rocket engines actually, sort of, scoured out an area on both sides of the rover, which normally Mars is covered, all the surface area is covered, with a lot of dust.

turn 2 : This implies that B wants to know if A has any Rock in mind that they want to use the rover's instruments to study.

How did PersonA respond to PersonB's question regarding a rock to study?

Answer: Wedid


And so when two clumps of free protons and electrons hit each other, they will slow each other down. But dark matter has no charge. That's why we can't see it because the only reason you and I could see anything, it's because there's charges that are being accelerated. That's what light is. But if something has no charge, it doesn't give off light.

So yeah, so in the Bullet Cluster, dark matter and galaxies stayed together just as they should, and in Abell 520, they do not, and that is a mystery as to why exactly that is. There isn't a comfortable explanation that can be readily arrived at.

Is there a theory about what may be happening, or just - you have to just think about it some more?

Well, so there's a number of things that could be happening. All of them are slightly disturbing.

turn 1 : (2) The speaker is discussing the phenomenon of dark matter and how it behaves in the Bullet Cluster and Abell 520. The fact that dark matter and galaxies stay together in the Bullet Cluster but not in Abell 520 is a mystery.

Which cluster is being discussed in relation to the mystery surrounding the behavior of dark matter and galaxies?

Answer: Abell


They won't be in the wild, as I understand. It's still under human care but in different circumstances?

Yeah, they'll be in a setting that is, as closely as possible, approximates the natural conditions where dolphins typically live, i. e. , natural seawater, in the ocean, in a setting that has vegetated shorelines and natural bottoms and organisms, you know, plants and animals that would otherwise be found there. But they will be under human care for most likely their entire lives, yes.

Do you anticipate adjustment problems?The aquarium, I guess, is the only home they've ever really known.

They have all known - either all or very - the lion's share of their lives in this kind of setting. And it will be a completely new experience for them. So they need to go through a lot of acclamation, both behaviorally and physiologically, in order to make this transition successfully.

turn 2 : The implications in (3) is that the dolphins may have trouble adjusting to the new environment due to them being used to living in aquariums.

Which animals may face acclamation problems in a new environment?

Answer: dolphins


My parents are living in Northern Virginia right now.

They've had a hard time too - or anxious time, I should say.

Not as anxious as I have been mainly because they're very confident that if something happens, then something better is going to happen.

What would something better be?

turn 2 : The speaker is less confident than their parents about the future.

How does the speaker feel compared to their parents about the future?

Answer: Less


Well, the evidence is that the Islamic State is behind this. In addition to French President Francois Hollande saying that the attacks were the work of ISIS, the group itself claimed responsibility in an online statement a short time ago. And they say the attacks were a response to French airstrikes in Syria and that France would remain, in their words, a top target as long as it continued its current policies.

This has been independently confirmed by intelligence officials you've been able to talk to.

Well, my understanding is that officials first started to suspect ISIS was behind this late last night. There were some cellphone conversations or texts that the gunmen were exchanging while the attacks were going on. And they mentioned ISIS. And here's why that's important. You remember the Mumbai attacks in 2008 that were - those were attacks on hotels and Jewish centers and a railway station. Well, one of the ways that they traced it back to the perpetrators was by picking up phone conversations between the gunmen and their handlers in Pakistan. The information is still coming in, but it appears that something similar happened here.

turn 0 : Story's still unfolding, we understand. What are you hearing?  Implicated meaning: B is acknowledging that the situation is still developing and they are aware of that. The actual meaning is that B is asking A for any updates or information they may have heard.

How did officials first suspect ISIS was behind the attack?

Answer: Updates


Now, recent satellite pictures show that they are putting these things back together - the buildings, the rail system, the launch pad. It's not exactly clear when they started. It could have started in mid-February, before the summit. Work could have been going on as recently as over the weekend, after the summit finished.

OK. So the timing of this is a little tricky about whether this is North Korea responding to those summit talks falling apart.

That's right. A couple things to remember. First of all, you know, they can launch missiles from mobile launchers. So this site is not that big a deal. Another thing is that when North Korea made these gestures and said, now, why don't you reciprocate?People were just dismissing these as insignificant concessions. They were saying, you know, North Korea's just trying to hand us their junk. These sites are outdated. They're not worth much. Well, by that token, then people should not be too alarmed about them being reassembled.

OK. So I mean, but we've always talked about that North Korea's nuclear capabilities are, you know, something to be reckoned with. So explain exactly why we're not supposed to be so concerned about this one move.

turn 3 : In turn (4), the literal meaning is that North Korea's nuclear capabilities are something to be reckoned with and the speaker is asking why we shouldn't be concerned about this one move. However, the actual meaning is that the speaker is asking for an explanation as to why the reassembling of the site should not be a cause for concern, despite the fact that North Korea's nuclear capabilities are usually considered a threat.

What is the speaker in turn 3 asking for?

Answer: Explanation


The Trump administration - or at least the president - have indicated previously they don't share this conclusion. Saudi Embassy says the claims and the purported assessment are false. Now, let's note - President Trump has often criticized the U. S.  intelligence establishment, saying they're not right on Russia. Oh, yeah. They were the ones who said Iraq had weapons of mass destruction.

We have to ask, is there any indication in this CIA report, which has sources inside, that this is some kind of attempt by what the president's supporters call the deep state to bring him into line?

No, I don't think so. I mean, the CIA - you know, for all of the ways that the president somehow misunderstands how they operate - is looking at this situation objectively. And, yes, to some degree, they are factoring in subjective judgments about how people behave, like the crown prince. But this is not an attempt, I think, to, you know, bring the crown prince to heel or to somehow influence policy.

And we should note, too, the president, I mean, has been briefed on the CIA's findings. And what we understand is that he keeps resisting them because he doesn't have, I guess, the smoking gun. He keeps asking, well, where's the body?Or, show me the definitive proof that Mohammed bin Salman ordered this. And, you know, it doesn't always work that way.

turn 2 : This statement implies that the CIA is conducting an objective investigation and not trying to influence policy.

What is the CIPersonA's approach to the investigation according to turn 2?

Answer: objectively


(Laughter) They're very egalitarian. They want to win over each other. They have clusters in corners of libraries and gymnasiums. And you have to make a 15 percent threshold. So if you don't get 15 percent of the vote as a candidate, then your supporters have to go to someone else, and that's when it gets hairy in there where people are, you know, trying to make the case for someone to come to their side.

And how does this wind up translating itself to delegates?

It's a very complicated, long and winding process that actually takes months. And none of the results on election night actually translate to the delegates that go to the national convention. They're not bound in any way. In fact, most of this is just for momentum. It's a very small slice of delegates that wind up going to the nominating process. So really, we're talking about Sen.  Sanders, Hillary Clinton trying to gain momentum heading into the next contests.

Let me ask you about the specific party races. According to opinion polls, Mr.  Trump has extended his lead on the Republican side. Does he have an organization to deliver, or is it all (unintelligible)?

turn 3 : (4) Implied meaning: Does Mr. Trump have the support to win the Republican nomination, or is it uncertain?

What is the implied uncertainty regarding Mr. Trump's chances of winning the Republican nomination?

Answer: winning


(Laughter).

So. . .

So I take it you don't like it.

I think it's kind of a joke. I think it has nothing to do with Wall Street.

Well, bullish markets - that sort of thing - yeah?

turn 3 : You don't like the topic and think it is a joke, not related to Wall Street.

Which topic does PersonA think is not related to Wall Street?

Answer: Topic


Super Saver and Calvin Borel one full length from Derby here. Noble's Promise runs in second. Patty O'Connell is now third. Make Music for Me, Big Mountain, (Unintelligible) on the outside and they're coming down to the finish. And it is Super Saver.

Wow. Now it occurred to me, when we were during some preparation on you - like a baseball announcer, all he or she has to do is go, when there's a home run - Yoho.

(Laughter).

But you have to rattle off eight or nine names that might have been unfamiliar to you - just a couple of - I mean, how you do it?

turn 1 :  (2) is a metaphor that implies the speaker was impressed by the announcer's ability to quickly and accurately recite all the names of the horses.

Which announcer impressed the speaker with their ability to quickly and accurately recite all the names of the horses?

Answer: Announcer


I am honored to be the district attorney of Brooklyn. But with respect to wrongful conviction cases, I have inherited a mess. I am currently investigating over 100 claims of wrongful convictions. Those numbers are staggering. And that's why I created the conviction review unit, and was able to convince a very prominent, well-respected law professor, Ron Sullivan, who's a law professor at Harvard Law School, to come down to Brooklyn and run my unit.

How do you go to the family of a victim of the original crime and tell them that the person or persons they thought killed their loved one didn't?

That was the hardest thing I had to do to. To sit down with the Blenner family and to let them know that the two defendants whom they believed for 29 years were responsible for the abduction, robbery and murder of their son and brother were wrongfully convicted was extremely difficult. And I pledged to them that I would do all I could to pursue the leads that we do have because we have leads to try to hold the people who killed him responsible.

How does a conviction review unit go about the business of looking at so many cases?

turn 1 : (2) B's question is a rhetorical question meant to express the difficulty and emotional burden of having to inform a victim's family that the conviction was wrongful, rather than seeking a direct answer.

What was the name of the law professor from Harvard Law School who was convinced by PersonA to run the conviction review unit in Brooklyn?

Answer: Ron


You know, it's funny because I think the story is very recognizable because - yeah. Because the premise of the story is a similar kind of thing, but all of these Jewish traditions are subbed out for made up traditions. But I think all the arguments - all the conversations about it are just as ludicrous in the real world. And so this story, which, you know, involves, yeah, goat sacrifice and marriage cloaks and promise eggs, to me is one of the more grounded, realistic stories in the collection.

One of the stories in the collection is called "Missed Connection-m4w" - men for women - and it begins sort of like a Craigslist post in missed connections and then evolves from there. And you actually first published this on Craigslist. Is that right?

Yeah. What the story is about is about this guy who can't work up the nerve to talk to this woman sitting on the same train car as him. And in fact, 60 years pass where they. . .

He also can't get up and leave.

turn 0 : when something is grounded in this context it means something is more realistic

What does the word "grounded" mean in turn 0?

Answer: Realistic.


Now, the beauty of this country, though, is that when you represent those groups, I'd say that they're just really upset with this administration for the things that you pointed out, this is why they get to participate in this process. Now, we have another election. And that's why I believe those who have the boldness and the courage to run for president should also have the boldness and the courage to go to stages that aren't typically their turf.

That is Bob Vander Plaats. He's the CEO of The Family Leader. That's a conservative political organization based in Iowa. He's issued invitations to the top seven polling Democrats to come and speak to his group in July. And he was kind enough to speak to us from Urbandale, Iowa.

Mr.  Vander Plaats, thanks so much for talking to us. Keep us posted about your plans, if you would.

Will do.

turn 0 : Represented groups are unhappy with the current administration but can still participate in the political process

Answer: Currentadministration


Well, I think a lot of us have become inert to that. Certainly, we have problems in spades. And for any journalist who wants to come to the city and write about its resurgence, which is taking place in pockets in the city, they do well not to generalize because it shows that you're turning a blind eye to the people who've struggled the hardest to stay here.

Michael Jackman is managing editor of the Detroit Metro Times. Thanks so much for being with us.

It's my pleasure.

This is NPR News.

turn 0 : (1) is that people have become inactive or lacking in energy, and the speaker is suggesting that there are significant problems that need to be addressed in the city. However, the implied meaning is that people have become desensitized or accustomed to these problems, and the journalist should not make broad generalizations about the city without considering the struggles of its residents.

How would you describe the suggested reason for not making broad generalizations about the city without considering the struggles of its residents?

Answer: Desensitized


Haven't there been gag orders during the transition of previous administrations too?

Certainly, every administration tries to control information. That's something, as you said in particular, that the Obama administration was quite aggressive on. And we had put out over many years plenty of not just critical information about the Obama administration but critical information based on inside sources that we cultivated. I will say one of the things that you're seeing with this administration is instances in which various bureaucracies have simply been cut off or shut down. The National Park Service stopped tweeting for a couple of days after they had done a tweet about climate change. And their first tweet after that was an apology for that tweet. That is quite unusual.

But do you have some concern that by making this public call under the Trump administration, at least to more notice than under the Obama administration, you're encouraging the view that the press has a liberal bias?

No, no. Again, what we are encouraging is for people to send information. Now, you can judge us on our stories, if our story may be unfair, if our story may not have enough context. Our job is simply to put important information out there, and we're going to keep doing it. If somebody wants to accuse us of being biased as a part of that, well, there's nothing we can do.

turn 1 : Implied: The Obama administration was aggressive in controlling information and preventing it from being released to the public

What was the reason for the National Park Service to stop tweeting for a couple of days?

Answer: Backlash


They can get federal aid. They can get the Pell Grant. In Illinois, they can get state aid, which is up to $5,000 year. And they can qualify for university aid. They can qualify for university scholarships for needy students.

What's been the reaction to your story so far?

There's been a lot of outrage. The thing is there's only a finite amount of money. It's not limitless. So that is true for federal aid, state aid and university aid. So money that is going to these families who would not otherwise be eligible for it means that that's money that is not going to a student who really needs it. In Illinois, for example, last year, there were 82,000 students who were eligible for the state grant who did not get it because the state ran out of money.

Have you heard from federal aid officials?Has anyone weighed in on this?

turn 3 : to weight in on something means to give an opinion on something

Answer: Opinion


But when we compared Cain against other Republican candidates and looked just at people who were supporting Republican candidate, the racial attitudes predicted, strongly predicted preference for the white candidates.

But the test itself isn't a measure of racism.

It is definitely not a measure of racism. We are very clear to emphasize that this measure something that is perhaps unconscious, in any case most people are unaware of it, and it is possessed by a large of the American population, people who do not at all think of themselves as racist. And we don't think they're lying to us when they say they have egalitarian racial beliefs.

Why is it that they're out of touch with their subconscious?This is too big a question to ask, it may take years to answer for any, you know, any person. But do you have any guesses on that?

turn 1 :  (2) Implied meaning is that the test isn't necessarily indicative of racism, even if it appears to measure it.

What did PersonA emphasize the test is measuring?

Answer: Unconscious


Now, when we look at this, what they're doing, there was a - you know, in some ways perhaps a minor incident, but a telling one where the British publication, the Telegraph, reported online that the G8 leaders enjoyed a six course lunch followed by an eight course dinner. African leaders were not invited and of course they're talking about the global hunger situation. There was a lot of static about that. Do you think that, that was symbolic in any way or just, you know, big time world business as usual?

Well, Farai now you're going to draw the cynical side out of me. This was an incredibly stupid, careless move, by the G8 leaders where they basically seemed to have thought off camera they could do whatever they wanted to. And they demonstrated, for all to see, the contempt actually that they have towards the rest of the world.

That they basically - they see themselves, as in effect, the rulers of this planet. So, when they're on camera there'll be the tears, there'll be the concern. Off camera you saw this hideous example of consumption.

What do you think the G8 leaders should be doing in terms of an Africa agenda?I'm going to get to a couple of specific things, specific national issues of Zimbabwe and Nigeria in a second.

turn 2 : The G8 leaders see themselves as rulers of the planet.

What was the perspective of G8 leaders towards their global authority?

Answer: Authority


So Leslie, what about some splurge wines?

Well, I think in this economy, splurge is a relative term. So what I like to do is tell people to think about makeovers. For example, if they are thinking about spending $100 on a bottle of great champagne, that's wonderful. You can go out and buy Dom Perignon, certainly. Dom Perignon Rose, for example, would set you back a couple hundred dollars. But think about sort of switching that out with another wine. For example, Chandon in Napa Valley is part of the same company that produces Dom Perignon from (unintelligible) in France, and they do a gorgeous wine called Etoile, and it's about $40 for a sparkling wine. So now you've splurged and gotten one of California's best sparkling wines, and it's by the same company that ultimately makes Dom Perignon. So now you've splurged but saved yourself a little Christmas money as well.

Leslie, thank you.

Thank you very much.

turn 1 : Splurging on expensive wines can be replaced by trying out other affordable, yet equally delicious options.

How can you save money when splurging on sparkling wine?

Answer: switching


Not me but we collectively.

We. And then in one place, Philadelphia, I believe, they say yeah mean, which is different.

I thought he played basketball. The Chinese guy, Yao Ming.

Oh, he's - yeah, yeah, yeah.

So it's - I've fallen in love with the phrase. I've fallen in love with the culture, with the people. And just trying to, you know, spread laughter and learn at the same time.

turn 1 : A: "Yeah mean" is a colloquial phrase commonly used in Philadelphia. The actual meaning is "Do you understand what I am saying?" or "Do you know what I mean?"

Answer: Philadelphia


You know, in the post-Katrina era, Scott, the assumption has been that when a hurricane comes, you focus on that and set other things aside. So it was jarring when the president went ahead with his summit with Kanye West. And as you say, it was a major full-media presence in the Oval Office.

But the president's theme all week has been to keep the focus on the president. He's had a flurry of news availabilities - way more than usual. In fact, in the last month, he's had more than in all the time previously in his presidency - very flashy events, campaign rallies around the country, night after night.

And that happens just as the cable operations - television, news - has - well, they've begun to lose interest in some of those rallies. They're not covering them from beginning to end anymore, sometimes not covering them all - at all, perhaps because they do seem to be news-free campaign events, and maybe because they've become so frequent.

Does this week's sudden stock sell-off raise questions about what had seemed to be so much good news about the economy, including that historically low unemployment rate?

turn 1 : The President has been using flashy events and rallies to maintain the spotlight on himself and his presidency

Which strategy has the President been using to keep the focus on himself and his presidency?

Answer: Rallies


Yeah.

You look ahead, and what do you see?Just life is going to be a kind of process of trying to figure out how to live on very reduced circumstances.

Yeah. And my grandparents raised me, and they did live through the Depression. And I've kind of gone back more and more to how they coped. I remember my grandmother telling me how they had to eat the kids' pet chickens for dinner.

Cutting back to two meals a day, that's two things, dire circumstances and also an enormous amount of self discipline.

turn 1 : Life is going to be a struggle due to limited resources

Answer: Coping


Yeah, you know, there was a lot of that. From our point of view, what we were looking to do was to serve and engage readers. And it was not our intention to look in the window of another bookstore that might be five miles away. And some of the press like to say we opened up in order to put these people out of business, which I thought was ridiculous. But we kind of ignored it and just moved on.

Jumping forward a few years, the digital book revolution changed things tremendously. And at one point, Barnes & Noble put a lot of energy into its own Nook e-reader. . .

Yes.

. . . Thinking it would really kind of be its salvation heading towards the future. But it didn't really work out that way. You know, could it be that the future of books really is going to be good old-fashioned print?

turn 1 : "digital book revolution" - this is a metaphorical expression that refers to the rapid shift towards digital formats in the publishing industry.

How did the digital book revolution change things?

Answer: Engage


Perhaps Thursday night. And he had also mentioned that there - Democrats were, quote, "trying to steal the election" and had sort of mentioned fraud and referred the matter onto the state's version of the FBI called the Florida Department of Law Enforcement, known as the FDLE. Well, FDLE, the next day, said, hey, there's no allegation of fraud, that it - they don't even have a complaint.

So far, all of these folks are saying, on the Republican side, hey, there's fraud, it needs to be investigated, while the state investigative agency is like, we're here to investigate. Show us. And so far, there's nothing.

With 20 seconds left, why does this happen a lot in Florida?

Because that's just how we are. I think Tim Russert said Florida, Florida, Florida. Or some people call us Flori-duh (ph). And this is just part of the nature of living here and being a reporter in the Sunshine State.

turn 1 : "on the Republican side" and "investigated" are used in a figurative sense to imply that the Republicans are making unsubstantiated claims of fraud, while the state investigative agency is seeking evidence to determine if such claims are true.

What claims are Republicans making in the dialogue?

Answer: Fraud


Well, a pretty disturbing picture has emerged of these two men online - some interest in, I guess, Nazism and Russian communist iconography. And beyond that, very little is known. I mean, they're a mystery to us. They are currently still on the run. Their families have spoken a little bit and have now sort of gone quiet.

And I think the whole country and beyond is just waiting to see where and when these two men might pop up or if indeed they will at all. There's a good chance, at this point, they might also be dead.

Well, police were zeroing in on a community that they thought might be their chance at finding them. And they called in drones and helicopters and boats and the military. But it sounds like they might be scaling back now. I mean, are they giving up?

Yeah, I mean, the problem is these young men had quite a head start. Initially, they were only believed to be missing and even thought to be potential victims after their vehicle was found burned out in B. C. So. . .

turn 0 : to be on the run in this context means you are avoiding authorities

How did the police think they could find the two men?

Answer: Community


I - and I have to ask you in the - I'm afraid - half-minute we have left, do you have any idea, Mr.  Driscoll, how much the NRA has been supported by Russia?Aren't they trying to use the NRA to influence or to promote gun violence or division?

I'm not aware of that thread of the story from where I sit. I know that's been a popular speculation in the media. But I have not seen any evidence of that. But, again, you know, I assume others will look into that and see if there's anything there. But I haven't seen it from where I sit.

Robert Driscoll represents Maria Butina. Thanks so much.

Thank you.

turn 1 : The speaker believes that there is no evidence of Russia supporting the NRA.

How does the speaker describe the media's speculation about Russia's support of the NRA?

Answer: Popular


Do you ever feel that way, you're just so tired of singing, but you know you have to because that song is so closely associated with who you are?

Well "Band of Gold" would be it, but by the time I get to the end of the show, and I'm coming back for that last encore…

(Singing) Now that you're gone, all that's left is a band of gold…

A lot of times, I will do "Band of Gold," and as a matter of fact, I - and I find that it's a good thing because I see people in the audience just light up, like (unintelligible)…

turn 1 : "Well 'Band of Gold' would be it, but by the time I get to the end of the show, and I'm coming back for that last encore…" - The implied meaning here is that "Band of Gold" is the song that the person is referring to, but they are indicating that they may be too exhausted by the end of their performance to give it their all during the final encore.

Answer: Band-of-Gold


But today, the Reverend Al Sharpton, members of Bell's family, and other community leaders are taking these protests one step further. They'll march and stage pray-ins throughout New York City. One of the sites is House of the Lord Church in downtown Brooklyn, led by the Reverend Herb Daughtry. We talked to the reverend yesterday about his plans for the protest.

What we're supposed to do is assemble at various sites around the city and then march to the action site. That is the place where we will submit ourselves, some of us, to an arrest. Hopefully, in so doing, we will tie up the city so that there will be - there would be no movement, no motion. And everybody in the city and indeed across the nation will get the message that we will not stand for policemen, the people we pay to protect us, to kill us.

Reverend, when you talk about blocking things off and shutting things down, does that mean that you will literally block the streets?

Obviously, I don't want to be too specific, but we have assembling points. Points where we tell people to assemble. Here in Brooklyn, it's at our church, the House of the Lord Church. Now, once people have assembled, then we will go to the designated sites of action, where the civil disobedience will take place.

Sean Bell was a young man. Have you been able to reach out to people who are in their 20s or even in their teens to try to get them to join on to this protest?

turn 0 : "taking these protests one step further" - This phrase means that the protestors are escalating their actions beyond just protesting.

What is the purpose of the civil disobedience in the designated sites?

Answer: Civil-disobedience


The war in Afghanistan - nearly 18 years, more than 2,400 American lives - not to mention the Afghans and NATO forces who have died in that war - and $132 billion in U. S.  aid for reconstruction. Where has all that money gone?John Sopko has been the special inspector general for Afghanistan reconstruction since 2012. He delivered his latest report yesterday, ahead of a potential peace agreement in Afghanistan with the Taliban. And I asked Sopko, what has all that money bought?

That money has succeeded in helping in building schools and roads, helping on rule of law, providing the salaries to many police and military and school teachers. But unfortunately, a lot has been wasted.

Let's talk about what those reconstruction projects mean in the context of a potential peace deal with the Taliban because that is what is in the offing right now. Do you think a peace with the Taliban - bringing them in from the cold - is that a good thing or a bad thing for all of those investments?

Well, we support the peace process. A fair and sustainable peace is what's needed. The Afghans want that. We want that - the coalition. I think the neighbors want it. But are there some risks from that peace?And there are. And that's what our report talks about. It raises some of the risks from that. And again, this doesn't mean don't pursue peace. Again, we are strong supporters of a fair and sustainable peace. And those are the two key words. It's got to be sustainable.

turn 2 : Bringing one in from the cold doesn't refer to temperature or housing in this statement, the implied meaning is that they're being welcomed again. To diplomatic meetings in this case.

Which word refers to diplomatic meetings in turn 2?

Answer: Meetings


Xie xie.

Xie xie. Well, Alonzo Bland, xie xie. Thank you so much for sharing your story with us today.

Thank you.

Alonzo Bland is living in Tianjin, China. He's at the Aimin Fat Reduction Hospital, hoping to lose 400 pounds.

turn 3 : losing 400 pounds refers to losing weight or fat reduction and not to lose 400 British Pounds  or money

What is Alonzo Bland hoping to lose at the Aimin Fat Reduction Hospital in Tianjin?

Answer: Weight


And again, art is predicated. Art lives off of, you know, making a lot of errors. And I certainly now feel like I've got, like, you know, a ton of space in which to kind of screw up and from that screw-up hopefully do something really nice.

Do you think you'll still be in that same world that you've written about in your other books, or will you - you don't know yet.

Yeah, I mean, I don't want to for this next book. This next book, I'm trying to make kind of more of a science-fictiony type book. But you never know until the book is finished what in the world it's going to be. I have dreams for my books, but it's like having dreams for your kids. You know, you want your kids to be this serious engineer or doctor, and they turn around, and they're kind of a crazy left-wing artist, and you're like darn, how did that turn out?

You know, you're known for taking a long time to finish your books, as well, I think.

turn 0 : Artists need to make mistakes to create something great.

Answer: Errors


Are you going to continue the protest?

Well, if they're going to be held, I suppose maybe, yes. But actually, it was meant for these concrete elections. Of course, it was not the only subject that was brought up. Also, the power being held by one party for, like, 19 years, yes. So of course, when election ends, it doesn't mean that the problem goes away.

So of course, it did come to notice to all the Muscovites, at least. A lot of people in Russia actually also protested in other cities. They were saying, thank you, Muscovites, for putting our words out there, for making it noticeable at least. That's the least we can do. I mean, the citizens, just the citizens.

Yeah. Do you have any concern that by going to protests that police have your picture, that you can be identified, that - I mean, we're using another name, not your name with you. But. . .

turn 2 : A is implying that the citizens were expressing their gratitude to Muscovites for protesting.

Which group of people expressed their gratitude to the Muscovites?

Answer: Citizens


He explained that that track was inspired by some of my darker paintings. And it certainly is a very, you know, intense piece. As the track goes on towards the end, you just hear a creaking sound. . .

SOUNDBITE OF TOR LUNDVALL AND JOHN B.  MCLEMORE'S "HIS DARKER PAINTINGS")

. . . Which - I don't know if it's his door or some part of the house, but everyone in the podcast in S-Town, they were talking about, you know, sometimes you just sit around and listen to the creakings in this house. So it was pretty amazing to hear that in the recording, yeah. Well, John - yeah. John took his own life in 2015. When John sent me emails, you know, discussing his depression and his loneliness, I didn't want to preach to him, but I just encouraged him. I said, you know, I'm hoping you continue recording, you know, and working more on music. Again, I knew nothing about anything about him. I just thought it would help transform his feelings of loneliness into, you know, more of a content solitude, which is, you know, kind of easy to say but not always easy to do. So I didn't want to preach to him, but, you know, I saw a lot of promise in his music. So I did try to encourage that.

That was musician and painter Tor Lundvall talking about his new album, "Tor Lundvall Presents: Witness Marks - The Works of John B.  McLemore".

turn 0 : The creaking sound towards the end of the track adds to its intensity.

What is the inspiration for the track mentioned in turn 0?

Answer: Darker-paintings


Prime Minister Boris Johnson asked the queen to suspend Parliament - a very British coup, as many of his critics say, or a way to force Parliament to work out Brexit three years-plus after voters voted for him.

Or perhaps a device to get Parliament out of the way and allow Boris and the Brexiteers to finally leave the EU even without a deal. And the EU has said it is done negotiating. So this fall, Britain may leave the European Union and do it in the most disruptive and unpredictable way imaginable. So for the residents of Britain, this is rather like watching a hurricane bear down on them, feeling helpless to stop it and unable to escape.

The romance between the president and Fox News seemed to have everything going for it. What happened?

(Laughter) It does seem to have cooled. Weeks ago, the president started complaining about the opinion polls he saw on Fox News. They were showing his approval rating as low as most of the other media and academic polls. So he called that fake news.

turn 1 : It's like watching something awful approach people and not be able to stop it.

Which word describes how the residents of Britain feel about Brexit?

Answer: Helpless


Qatar would like to improve its relationship with the U. S.  government, which has supported a Saudi-led economic blockade of the small Persian Gulf power. Qatar didn't just hire well-known K Street lobbyists and powerbrokers. It targeted people they believe President Trump listens to - a radio broadcaster, a real estate developer, a commentator and former presidential candidate - and gave them all-expense paid trips to Qatar and, usually, a consulting fee. Qatar's regime believed if it could win over people that President Trump listens to, he might change his mind. Now, that's according to a news story published in The Wall Street Journal by Julie Bykowicz, who joins us now. Thanks very much for being with us.

Thank you.

Tell us how this is done. You begin the story by talking about Alan Dershowitz, whose name doesn't usually come up when you're talking about Qatar.

Sure. He's not an elected official. He's not in the administration. But what Mr.  Dershowitz does bring to the table, at this point, that lobbyists have identified is President Trump really likes this guy. And so other lobbyists have picked up on this, and the two gentlemen that I interviewed for this Qatar story said they identified him as someone that could potentially be influential. What Alan Dershowitz is thinking, perhaps President Trump would begin thinking as well.

turn 0 : Qatar believes that by winning over people that President Trump listens to, he might change his mind on supporting the Saudi-led economic blockade of Qatar.

Which country is mentioned in turn 0 as having a desire to improve its relationship with the U.S. government?

Answer: Bykowicz


The crowd was enormous. They were fired-up. There was this huge jumbo-tron screen on which the results were being displayed on CNN, and so, of course, as it came in, and it fall - it fell, first New Hampshire for Obama, then Pennsylvania, and then the red states started coming in. The crowd was going crazy.

What was striking about the speeches, after having covered Senator Obama for more than 20 months and seeing all the blue placards with Change on it and the rally atmosphere, this was very different than that. This was a presidential speech. The placards were gone, and American flags were being waved by people in the crowd.

And the speech itself was - there was no humor. It was a very serious speech. And though it had lots of optimism in it, it was about the challenges that we face as a country. And so, it really felt - and they, of course, set it up that way, so that it would be a pivot from the campaign Obama to the governing Obama. And one last observation is that he was surrounded on both sides by what looked like two huge parenthesis, massive bullet proof glass on either side of him as he spoke, protecting him from most of that crowd of roughly 200,000.

Well, let's talk about that pivot. We heard that Barack Obama will be speaking with President Bush sometime, perhaps, this week?

turn 0 : The crowd was very excited and enthusiastic about the election results.

What was the atmosphere like during the election results?

Answer: electiom


I'm well. I'm going to read a bit from the editorial. You're answering attacks on Maryland Representative Elijah Cummings and on his district, which includes Baltimore. And you wrote, (reading) it's not hard to see what's going on here. The congressman has been a thorn in this president's side, and Mr.  Trump sees attacking African American members of Congress as good politics, as it both warms the cockles of the white supremacists who love him and causes so many of the thoughtful people who don't to scream.

So it seems that you think this is all very much premeditated, and it's not just, as some have said, the president responding to Fox News.

Yes. Well, I think it clearly is - both things are going on at the same time. I think Fox News gives him the ammunition he needed, and he gave it probably about, you know, two seconds of thought to find an opportunity to slam Representative Cummings who, of course, has been critical of his border policy, and so he took it. And so 750,000 people woke up in the 7th District yesterday being told that they were the worst place in the country by the president of the United States.

When you first read those tweets, what was your thought?

turn 1 : He gives him the content to use against him. He has negative information that can hurt him.

How does Fox News factor into the president's attacks on Representative Cummings and his district?

Answer: Ammunition


They're placing a lot of their hopes on the Chevy Volt, the electric car that's due out at the end of 2010. What do you think about that, and do you think that that's enough to help the company?

In reading through the General Motors restructuring plan, they talk about it as if it's the next Ford Model T.  I think the language that they use is a fundamental reinvention of the American automobile industry. And, you know, I hope it is, but you have to be skeptical about anything coming out that will fundamentally reinvent the industry, at least at this stage. It's too mature an industry right now.

Is there anything that GM can say when they go before Congress tomorrow and Friday?Is there anything that they should do, do you think, that could save it?

Their objective in going to Congress is not to save the industry. Their objective in going to Congress is to get money from Congress. And if you read through these documents, they are - especially the General Motors document, it is full of really shameless Americanizing, patriotic propaganda. It's geared to getting the money, and that's their objective. And I believe they will come away from Washington with money.

turn 3 : patriotic propaganda implies that General Motors is using pro American speech to get taxpayer funds for their own purposes

Which aspect of General Motors' document is described as "shameless"?

Answer: Propaganda


They have indeed, but not through Jordan, as far as I know.

And you talked about hedging your bets. Doesn't that risk putting your bets on the wrong side if, indeed, the rebels do topple, which from what you say, the regime believes is only a matter of time. Why don't they put their bets on - with the opposition?

That's a debate that is actually going on inside the country today. As I said, 82 percent of Jordanians are with the uprising, not all of them, however, are with any military intervention against the Syrian regime. This is a very sensitive issue in Arab politics, to be seen as actively working militarily against an Arab regime. Still, as I said, the sentiments of the people in Jordan, not all of them, but the overwhelming majority of them, are with the uprising. And the country, I would expect, the government, will probably have to change its position as developments move. It's a fair question to ask. You know, one day, we'll be able to do so. There are many who have asked the government to take on a sort of a clearer position on the Syrian crisis than it has so far.

How porous is the border?If people wanted to operate across it clandestinely, would they be able to do so?

turn 1 : Hedging bets could result in supporting the losing side.

Answer: Risk


(Laughter).

So. . .

So I take it you don't like it.

I think it's kind of a joke. I think it has nothing to do with Wall Street.

Well, bullish markets - that sort of thing - yeah?

turn 3 : You don't like the topic and think it is a joke, not related to Wall Street.

Answer: Nothing


And no problems for their ears?

Well, there sometimes are problems for their ears. I mean, whenever you hear a kid screaming their brains out behind you or in front of you on a plane, probably that kid is having air pressure problems. And what happens is that, if they can't pop their ears very well - that is, popping your ears is equalizing the pressure in the middle ear with that in the atmosphere around you, which we mostly do by making those funny little motions with our jaw and swallowing and things like that - little kids often don't know how to do that.

What can happen is that, as the pressure in the plane drops, the pressure in the middle ear remains at sea level, and so the ear drum gets stretched. And ear drums don't like to get stretched. Sometimes they get stretched badly enough so that they can even tear, although that's really quite rare. One of the things that it does lead to is terrible pain sometimes for kids. I always recommend that parents give kids something to drink and sometimes just sort of chewing on a candy increases saliva, so that you swallow, and it allows pressure to equalize.

OK, so for kids who are not healthy, what about them?

turn 2 : Giving kids something to drink or chew on can help alleviate ear pressure

How can parents alleviate ear pressure for their kids during a flight?

Answer: Drink


I don't think it's new that they're supporting Assad at all. I mean, they have been pretty consistent from the beginning of the uprising, initially peaceful protest against the regime. And then as it descended into civil war, Russia has all along provided weapons, provided support, political and diplomatic efforts to shield Assad's government from action, for example, at the United Nations where Russia has a veto. I think what's new now is that they're looking at the situation in Syria as becoming more and more dire.

But you know, there's a difference between U. N.  vetoes and supplying - and military supplies and actually putting your own combat personnel or potential combat personnel on the ground.

I think that they're looking at the situation and understanding that right now there's a real danger that Assad's government can fall. And if that happens, what will replace that and how do you prepare for that when you're invested as heavily as they have been?Again, this is not new support. They've always had the naval base there. They've always had advisers on the ground. I've heard a lot over the summer about the increasing Russian concern about the imminent fall of Assad.

Well, the U. S.  had - at least as far as we can judge - had considered the potential fall of Bashar al-Assad to be good news and something that could lead to a better situation.

turn 3 : In (4), the speaker is implying that the U.S. is not necessarily looking forward to the fall of Assad, but rather is trying to prepare for it.

Which country is the speaker in turn 3 suggesting may not be looking forward to the fall of Assad?

Answer: U.S.


My parents are fine. My mom evacuated as soon as they got notice. My dad required an assisted evacuation. He actually ended up being rescued by a community service worker up there. He was trying to get out of Paradise on his motorized chair. He saw the community service worker, who managed to get him in the truck. And they escaped to the fire station using a hiking trail, actually.

I assume if he could call you, he would, right?

Paradise is a retirement community. A majority of the population lives on a fixed income, including my uncle. He did not have a cellphone. He only had the landline. He didn't use social media.

Yeah.

turn 0 : Despite the difficult situation, A's parents are okay

Answer: fine


I mean, people are saying this car company doesn't get it. It's sort of, you know, dead in the water. It hasn't been forward looking. It hasn't developed the kinds of cars that people want now.

Look, they have made so many management mistakes, but along with that, they've made some very, very smart moves. And this is a company that's very strong and robust around the world. It's the North American market that's killing them.

And there are long - there's a long thread of historical reasons why General Motors has been at such a disadvantage in North America since the '70s. But the net of it is that this company has a lot of potential, but it also has potential to sink right out from under us.

So, aside from it being potentially a good deal for the government to own GM, what are the other benefits or possible benefits?

turn 0 : This just means that the company is not progressing at all - it does not mean that it is actually 'dead in the water'

How is the car company described in turn 0?

Answer: Disadvantage


Because there's going to be this glass chamber, people can follow along.

Right. It looks absolutely beautiful.

Oh, it does?

Yeah, it looks absolutely beautiful.

turn 0 : People are likely to follow through a given idea or course since it is end is clear as a glass chamber.

Which word describes the end of the idea or course mentioned in turn 0?

Answer: end


And so the world was filled at that time with these microscopic creatures, right?

Yes, these would be very ancient. And we've long suspected that this sort of thing goes back or should go back a long, long way. And people have found the chemical signals, the brassy fool's gold they've found. They've even found the isotopic shifts. But this is, I think, the earliest record where we can see actually turned into this shiny material the fossils themselves. We can see them actually preserved in three dimensions.

And it's new techniques that we have now that we can use to analyze these in three dimensions and start to pick out their relationships. And that's one of the exciting things that's happening at the moment.

Would there be other places around the world where you'd find the same rocks and fossils?

turn 1 : They found something that is not the real thing but close to it.

Which fossil was preserved in three dimensions?

Answer: Fossils


That's a separate project and the basic premises for Stratolaunch is that there are satellite customers who are really want a lot of flexibility in launch location. So the rocket can be picked up by a giant aircraft and the launch can occur, I think, almost anywhere on Earth. That's the basic idea with Stratolaunch, or that's the premise. But it's independent from our other activities.

So like going back to the '60s with dropping an X-15 out of the belly of a bomber and shooting it up into space.

Right, right. It doesn't result in a cost-savings, but it does result in increased launch life flexibility.

Mm-hmm. And just - while I have you here for a few here for a few seconds, let's talk a bit about Tesla Motors if you don't mind.

turn 1 : Stratolaunch is similar to dropping X-15 out of a bomber in the 60s.

What is the rocket launched from in Stratolaunch?

Answer: rocket


And then, on top of that, you've got a set of rules that just make any type of compromise very difficult. And the toughest one there is that any budget or spending plan has to pass by two-thirds of a vote of both the Senate and the Assembly. So, even though the Democrats hold pretty firm majorities in both houses, they can't do it without getting three Republican votes from the Senate and three from the Assembly.

So, it basically has to be a consensus budget. And the governor for his entire term has been totally flummoxed by the fact that it's so difficult to find a middle ground in the legislature to get things done.

Jordan Rau reporting from Sacramento for the Los Angeles Times on California's massive budget deficit facing more than $14 billion shortfall this year. And, Jordan, thank you very much.

You're welcome.

turn 1 : The governor has had a hard time finding common ground in the legislature to get things done due to the difficulty in passing a budget.

What has the governor been struggling with in the legislature?

Answer: Middle


Up the street.

And how many Union?

That's - the good news and the bad news - there were lots of them but most of them on the 11ths were amateurs.

General Ulysses S.  Grant had diverted Union troops from D. C.  to make an assault on Richmond. Meanwhile, the Confederates were headed for D. C. . So, Howell says, the union quickly recruited anyone they could find.

They were government clerks. I mean, if you could imagine, you know, going down and emptying out all the government offices and telling them, grab your musket and come out and fight off professional confederates - that was the situation on the 11th - not very good for the Yankees. But General Grant, down in Richmond, who thought Jubal Early was down there in Richmond. . .

turn 3 : Implies that General Ulysses S. Grant had diverted Union troops from D.C. to make an assault on Richmond and the Confederates were heading for D.C.,Implies that General Ulysses S. Grant had diverted Union troops from D.C. to make an assault on Richmond and the Confederates were heading for D.C.,

How did the Union quickly recruit soldiers on the 11th?

Answer: Amateurs


Yeah. Moving on to Merriam-Webster. They've added 1,700 new words. I can't begin to keep up with that, but I do want to ask you about this one in particular - eggcorn?

Eggcorn. Maybe we should spell it. E-G-G-C-O-R-N. It's defined as a word or phrase that sounds like and is mistakingly used in what seems like a logical or plausible way for another word or phrase. It's been around since about 2003. It's a play on how some people say the word acorn, and a linguist thought, well, it makes a little bit of sense. An acorn looks kind of like an egg. Let's come up with a word for another word or phrase when it's reshaped but kind of makes a little bit of sense if you think about it. So here's a classic one - some people will say all intensive purposes when they mean all intents and purposes.

There's a website I found called the Eggcorn Database - has more than 600 of these. Some of my favorites include self-phone.

(Laughter). That's perfect, actually.

turn 1 : All intensive purposes is actually a misused phrase for all intents and purposes.

How is "all intensive purposes" often misused?

Answer: Misuse


Well, I think the principal thing is to mention the new courtroom, which I visited for the first time yesterday. The audience sits in a glassed-in room 80 feet from where the judge and the screen is for displayed evidence. And the glassed-in room is completely isolated and there's an audio delay. I've never seen anything quite like this except for the Navy Seals' trials around the death of a detainee in Iraq. But there's a lot of secrecy involved in this, and it's not quite as public a war-crime trial as you might expect.

Closing arguments scheduled for Monday. We'll hear more from you next week. NPR's John McChesney in Guantanamo, Cuba. Thanks, John.

You bet.

Marketplace just ahead on Day to Day.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of B's statement is that the radio program "Marketplace" will be airing soon. The implied meaning could be that B is transitioning to a different topic or segment of the radio program, or that the program has come to an end.

How did PersonB indicate the end of the segment?

Answer: Transition.


. . . That it's biased especially against people of color.

Correct. And to be sure, we need to take great care to be refining our use of risk assessments as much as we can. But the alternative is to do it the way we've always done it, which is to rely on judicial hunch and money, which, of course, makes no sense.

Judge Morrison, you've been on the bench here in D. C.  for 40-some years?

Almost 40 years.

turn 2 : He has not been on a bench but has been working as a judge for some time.

Answer: judge


Well, AIG was a very big and successful insurance company. It did well in insurance products. But it got into a lot of trouble by selling very complex financial products, which, as you know, have lost huge amounts of money because of the housing downturn.

Now, in September, when conditions for the company were getting pretty bad, the Federal Reserve agreed to loan AIG $85 billion. In exchange, it took some stock in the company as collateral. The idea was that, you know, the loan would sort of tide AIG over while it sold off assets. But it's been very hard to sell anything because of the credit crunch.

So, meanwhile, the interest payments were piling up. AIG said it lost 25 - almost $25 billion last quarter. So, this morning, the government said it was going back to the drawing board and trying to work out something else. It's really an admission that the efforts so far haven't worked.

So, how much money is this new plan going to involve, and where exactly is it going to be coming from?

turn 2 : "going back to the drawing board" - refers to starting over with a new plan or approach.

How did the government respond to the financial situation of AIG?

Answer: Crowding


You described some playwrights, Beckett, for example, as somebody whose work seems to back away from you the closer you get it. But Miller's play, you say, is not like that.

No. It wasn't like - my experience with Chekhov and Beckett was just what you'd call - that they get harder and harder as you go. But with "Salesman," surprisingly, because it's fully as great a play as those others, it did welcome us and come toward us day by day. And then, we did a fairly smart thing, which is that we had a workshop just for ourselves for almost a month, and nobody ever saw it and we didn't perform it, but we just worked on it. And then as per plan, we went away for over three and a half months.

And then when we came back, we went into rehearsal and then finally got onstage and did it. And the three and a half months living and doing other things made a surprisingly big difference. It just sank into everybody and took enormous strides all on its own, and that was both exciting and surprising in its extent. And also, it was a clue to what was going to continue to happen, which is that it just burrowed deeper and deeper into the actors and they - into one another, and they have become a family. And they're - what goes on between them is - I've never seen - in my experience, I've never seen it quite like this.

Philip Seymour Hoffman obviously plays the lead role. Is - did the play come first or the actor come first?

turn 1 : "did welcome us and come toward us day by day" - This is a metaphorical expression that means the play became easier to understand and appreciate over time, and it felt like it was reaching out to the actors.

What was the surprising difference after the three and a half months?

Answer: Difference


The White House appears to have been caught off guard by the book. There seemed to have been no unified strategy in some ways. I mean, they sort of just let the president take the ball and run with it.

Yeah. Well, look. This book - this is a question that I have - and I've been unable to get an answer from the White House since Wednesday - which is, how many people in the White House cooperated with this book?How many comms staff were in interviews - these interviews that Mike Wolff supposedly had - walking into the White House, roaming around, in his words?

They say he never met with the president in the Oval Office. Michael Wolff says he does. There's a lot of confusion about how much access and how much participation the White House had with this book. So they shouldn't be caught off guard, I think, based on the level of access that Wolff appears to have. And they haven't been quite forthright about what level that is.

I talked to somebody who was interviewed who said there was a comms person, somebody in the West Wing in the White House - there was a comms person in that interview with him. How many other interviews were like that?And I think that that - we should keep that in mind when we hear sort of these calls that this is this is tabloid trash, that nobody in the White House knew what was happening or that this was all Steve Bannon.

turn 0 : The White House had no clear plan for the book and let the president handle it alone.

How did the White House handle the book?

Answer: Alone


You edited "Confessions of a Video Vixen" by Karrine Steffans. We've had her on show. And it's a memoir about her life as a video dancer for artists like JZ, R.  Kelly, LL Cool J. It talks about hip hop, sex, sexuality, family. Tell me about the process of getting her story to press.

Well it's interesting. I'd heard quite a lot about Corrine via reading a magazine article about her and then hearing about her repeatedly on radio. And so when I reached out to her, I didn't really have a lot of expectations other than this might be interesting. And so I had a very long conversation with her and you know, upon talking to her I was very impressed with her being very - her candor was amazing first of all and then secondly the fact that she was unapologetic about her life. She wasn't proud of it necessarily but she wasn't apologetic either.

And so one of the things that we did, our editorial director, who is amazing, went out to LA and said, I just want to experience this woman for myself and so she spent an evening with her in a popular Hollywood watering hole. And she knew after that evening that Corrine was who she said she was, just based on how people, particularly men, responded to her just from her walking into the room.

Well that's one way of looking at things. But the publisher obviously went a lot further to turn…

turn 2 : watering hole implies that the location was a bar or a place to get drinks

What was the purpose of the editorial director's visit to LA?

Answer: Experience


Well, Freedom Caucus has 40 votes. There are more than 200 House Republicans. Shouldn't you compromise with them?

Well, sure, and we're more than happy to. The way this will end up is that we will end up with a speaker that all of us support. It may be Paul Ryan. It may be somebody else. But keep in mind that the things that we're arguing for are things that most people in the conference want. One of the things that struck me since we started this debate I guess about two weeks ago now are the number of moderates and centrists in my party who have said to me, you know what?

We want the same thing. We're frustrated with this lack of process. We're frustrated with just being a rubberstamp for somebody else's idea. And I think that's why you're seeing such a difficult time replacing Mr.  Boehner is that this lack of satisfaction with the job, the lack of satisfaction with what it means to be a member of Congress runs much, much deeper than just the conservative wing of the party.

So the way you explain it, this isn't over conservative principles. It's over mundane House rules.

turn 2 : the speaker suggests that the difficulty in replacing Mr. Boehner is due to a deeper dissatisfaction with the job and what it means to be a member of Congress. The actual meaning is that the conservative wing of the party is pushing for a more hardline approach on conservative principles, which is making it difficult to find a consensus candidate.

Which approach is the conservative wing of the party pushing for?

Answer: Hardline


Yeah. You know, it's a great question. I think that the core of the problem is that they say that they pursue these weapons out of insecurity. So the logical thing is can the world provide them some sort of security?And in past agreements that I have participated in, we provided them security guarantees and offered to negotiate a peace treaty with them. The problem is I think the security - insecurity that they feel is generated by the regime itself. You know, these sorts of totalitarian regimes never feel secure. And that's the core problem.

Because there's mass starvation. There's mass poverty. There's mass oppression.

Right. And that they - all those things, and that they don't rule by the consent of the legitimacy of the people. And that's the basic problem.

Yeah. China has a role in this?

turn 3 : "China has a role in this?"  The actual meaning of this turn goes beyond the literal question. The speaker is implying that China may have some level of involvement or influence in the situation being discussed, suggesting a potential factor that contributes to the problem.

Which country's involvement is hinted at in turn 3?

Answer: China


Yeah. And it was supposed to be this sort of message of unity, right?We're all on the same page with this. And the president sort of flips the script, as he often does. And we're not just seeing this disconnect with Russia.

No. There are so many other examples. Last week, the president tweeted that he wanted Attorney General Jeff Sessions to, quote, "stop this rigged witch hunt" - in other words, the Mueller investigation - "right now. "But Sessions didn't do it. And then his - the president's top lawyers and his press secretary rush out to say, oh, he wasn't giving an command to anyone. And his FBI director Chris Wray has been on the record saying he doesn't think the Mueller investigation is a witch hunt.

Same thing on Iran. President says he talked to the Iranians without preconditions. Hours later, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo lays out a whole lot of preconditions. The president threatens to shut down the government over the border wall. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell comes out and says nope. We're not shutting down the government.

And it's not just Trump's administration, right?We also saw this extraordinary message coming from his wife, the first lady.

turn 1 : The rigged witch hunt is something that is fixed so that a person looks guilty of something when they are not.

How did the president's press secretary respond to his tweet about the Mueller investigation?

Answer: Command


Hi.

What did the administration do first?

Right. OK. So it started last week. The Trump administration added Huawei to a short list that American companies cannot buy from or sell to. The ban affects very big players and also some pretty small ones. Take small mobile carriers - OK?- not your Verizons and T-Mobiles but, say, your rural carrier. They buy Huawei equipment because it's cheap. Now they'll have to change suppliers.

On the big end, let's take Google. Google and Huawei have licensing agreements. That's to put apps like Gmail, Maps and YouTube on Huawei phones. So now with the new ban, for any future phones, new licensing agreements are not allowed. The Google apps can't be included. So that'll curtail Google's presence in Europe, where Huawei phones are sold.

turn 3 : This implies a technological war between America and Huawei which is a Chinese Phone manufacturer.

What company was added to a short list that American companies cannot buy from or sell to?

Answer: Huawei


Correct.

And that's the idea?

That's exactly the idea and that's where we are today. So you kind of keep the country in limbo. And you say, as long as there's no election then I get to be president.

Have there been any calls for President Kabila to be investigated, forced to step down, impeached, put on trial for violating the constitution?

turn 3 : (4) Implied Meaning: Is there any pressure on President Kabila to step down or face consequences for his unconstitutional actions?

How is President Kabila being questioned? (Answer: "investigated", as mentioned in the statement)

Answer: Investigated


Yeah. So they did the - this is an amazing study and a beautiful video because of their research. They have really lovely time-lapse movies of cucumbers growing. And, you know, you think of plants as planted. . .

They stay there.

. . . stationary, kind of boring.

They don't move. Right.

turn 3 : The speakers agree that plants do not move.

What do the speakers think about the mobility of plants?

Answer: Agree


Like we have a song together called, "You Think You Got It Bad. "And what I do is, you know, we'll play the track. Then we'll ask him what do he think it needs?And he goes in the studio and do it. You know, it's never something like boy, you can write something for somebody else. You just have to leave everybody creatively open and just hope that it'll all work out.

(Singing) Everything happens for a reason. . .

Now, one of your collaborators, T. I. , was just sentenced to jail on weapons charges. He's, you know, hasn't started serving, yet. But you spent some time in jail yourself. And do you have any advice for someone like T. I. on how to deal with doing time?

Yeah. I think, you know, it is an opportunity. I mean, it's kind of a sad opportunity. I hate to, you know, get an opportunity to have a lot of time with yourself like that. But seeing as if you do, you have the ability to focus on something completely. You have no other outside circumstances that just need your attention like that. You know, he could, you know, write songs. He could find the cure to cancer. He could do anything, man.

turn 0 : "what do he think it needs?" - The actual meaning is "what does he think it needs?" The use of "do" instead of "does" is not grammatically correct, but it is a common feature of some dialects of English.

Which word is grammatically incorrect in turn 0?

Answer: Do


Help us understand. Just how good were the Lightning before this collapse?

Oh, quite good. They had 62 wins in the regular season. That tied the all-time NHL record for wins in a season. This was a team that was doing historic things in the regular season. Consider this. Thirty of their 62 victories were by three goals or more. So every time they stepped on the ice, they weren't just winning. They were blowing away their opponents.

So it's safe to say any sane hockey analyst (laughter) basically would have said that the Lightning was going to win the series, right?So what happened?

(Laughter) Well, I think Lightning defenseman Ryan McDonagh put it best. Everything that they did so well in the regular season, the Columbus Blue Jackets did it better in this series. But the bigger picture is this for the Lightning. They clinched a playoff spot in early March. They've been on cruise control for months. The Columbus Blue Jackets had to win seven of their last eight games just to get into the playoffs. So when push came to shove and adversity hit in the series, the Lightning had a bad six days compared to a great 82 games in the regular season, and then they were swept.

turn 3 : "cruise control" in line 4 - The phrase "cruise control" is being used figuratively here to suggest that the Tampa Bay Lightning had an easy and comfortable ride during the regular season, rather than a literal reference to a car's cruise control system.

Which phrase is being used figuratively in line 4?

Answer: Cruise


Well, what happened is I - we plan an escape. It was really, really dangerous. The movement that we're struggling in became tribal and so, you know, you see soldiers who are turning on each other. And so we decide, look, I rather go and die where my family members are. We were, like, around - between two to 400, I think, and only 16 people survived. And the way some died of starvation, dehydration and a lot of things that attacked us on the way that we weren't prepared for.

You wound up at a place called Waat.

Yeah, when I arrived in a place called Waat and I met a British aid worker called Emma McCune. And so Emma McCune was the one who smuggled me into Kenya and put me in school, so she disarmed me.

So when you heard the news that 3,000 child soldiers may be gradually released in South Sudan, what did that make you feel?

turn 2 : Implicated meaning: In this context, "disarmed" does not refer to physically taking away weapons from the speaker, but rather, to the act of helping the speaker move away from a violent and dangerous situation and giving them a chance at a better life. It implies that Emma McCune provided emotional and practical support to the speaker, and helped them escape the violence they were trapped in.

Which word describes how Emma McCune helped the speaker move away from the violent and dangerous situation?

Answer: Disarmed


Yes.

. . . And that makes the process here entirely unconstitutional. So due process rights are an important part of our Constitution, and they apply to any one of us who's in the middle of a criminal proceeding, for example. But this is different. We're not in a grand jury. The president's not about to be indicted, at least not anytime soon. The process that is underway is the very early steps - what the House has chosen to call an inquiry into whether or not there should be a more formal move to impeach the president.

Although, I mean, if Pat Cipollone were here, he would argue, A, President Trump is an American. He is entitled to the same rights as any American citizen. I'm reading from Page 1 (reading) therefore he has - he enjoys the basic rights guaranteed to all Americans, which would include due process under the Constitution.

Well, the Constitution doesn't say that either, OK?What the Constitution says specifically with respect to impeachment, it says that the House of Representatives - and I'm shortening the sentence - the House of Representatives shall have the sole power of impeachment - period. There's a period at the end of that. And there's no sentence following in that. . .

turn 3 : The house of representatives has absolute power of impeachment and there is no way to argue the point.

What power does the House of Representatives have?

Answer: Impeachment


For decades there has been this idea that women were not professional unless they were torturing around in a heel. But I think if you strip all that away and go down to really base level, we've got to admit that, you know, it is - it's patriarchal, and it's misogynistic. It's this idea that women should be sort of slowed down and debilitated.

So I think it's quite tricky. I think, you know, in the paragraph you just read out, I was trying to sort of explore that duality that we get with a lot of these conversations. We have it around, you know, bikini waxes and makeup and a lot of the sort of traditional trappings of femininity, this idea that it can be something we enjoy doing and that we sort of take a pleasure in doing. But it's impossible to know whether we would be doing it if we lived outside a patriarchal society.

So why do you say you suspect that they might be over?

Well, fashion really has led us in a certain direction. So for the last few years, we've seen the rise of the fashion sneaker. We've seen, you know, magazine editors, models, celebrities comfortably kind of bouncing around in sneakers. And suddenly, dress codes have changed. So it's completely acceptable to turn up to quite a smart party wearing a lovely dress with a pair of sneakers on the bottom. This summer we've seen the rise of the ugly sandal as well.

turn 0 : There is an idea that women must suffer through the pain of wearing high heeled shoes to be professional.

Which fashion item has become acceptable to wear to a smart party?

Answer: Sneakers


Thanks, Scott.

First, these current attacks. Based on reporting, is there a particular source for attacks against Orthodox Jews?

Well, it seems to be happening often from people who live in the neighborhood. We don't know that much about the perpetrators. What we do know is that people that live in Crown Heights don't tend to be white supremacists. And to judge from the footage of many of these attacks, at least some of the perpetrators seem to be young black men or teenagers. And perhaps that's one of the reasons that so many people want to avert their eyes from what's happening in places like Crown Heights.

Are they street assaults and robberies or hate crimes?Where are the lines in something like this?

Well, all we know is that the people that are being attacked are the most publicly, visibly Jewish people. And they're incredibly violent. Given that this has been happening in the city, there's been a sort of curious lack of interest on the part of New Yorkers, on the part of the mayor, on the part of the governor. Imagine if a spate of crimes had happened in a pattern like this against another minority - what the reaction would be.

Has there also been a national increase in anti-Semitic crimes?

turn 2 : People don't want to know about what is happening in Crown Heights.

How do people react to the attacks in Crown Heights?

Answer: Averted


Are a lot of Europeans rethinking whether or not they even want to be unified?

Yes, I think they are. I think a good many Europeans are thinking maybe open borders is not such a great idea. Maybe the best thing we can do is to start closing our borders and make sure that there are no migrants, no refugees, no foreign influences that are affecting our security and well-being inside the country.

You've also suggested that there's a kind of a parallel with politics in the United States at the moment.

Yeah, in some way I think you are seeing the same phenomenon in Europe as you are seeing with the support for Donald Trump and, to some extent, for Bernie Sanders who are attracting voters who are, in the Trump case, anti-immigrant, don't really want to be part of an activist foreign policy. They're anti-trade and they're nativists.

turn 3 : Turn (4) is another example of a turn whose actual meaning is different from its literal meaning. While the speaker suggests that the phenomenon of attracting voters who are anti-immigrant, anti-trade, and nativist is similar in Europe and the United States, it does not necessarily mean that the situations are identical.

Which turn suggests that the situations of attracting voters who are anti-immigrant, anti-trade, and nativist are not identical in Europe and the United States?

Answer: implied


Well, the Princess Infanta Cristina is King Juan Carlos' youngest daughter. She's 48. She and her husband had sort of a fairytale love story. They used to be popular in the glossy magazines here. Her husband is the Duke Inaki Urdangarin. He started a nonprofit foundation organizing sports conventions and it's through that foundation that he and a colleague are accused of embezzling $8 million.

Prosecutors believe they did so by creating shell companies. Now, where the princess comes in is that for at least one of those shell companies she was a co-signer and co-owner. So any fraud committed by that company, she would be 50 percent responsible. Now, that's the money laundering charge. The tax fraud involves the couple's personal expenses, everything from renovations on their $8 million mansion in Barcelona, vacations, down to small things like Harry Potter books for their kids, which were allegedly paid for through these shell companies and on which they allegedly did not pay tax.

This hearing today is similar to what, in the U. S. , we would call a Grand Jury proceeding. So the judges are trying to determine whether to formally charge the princess. And if they do so, she'll then go on trial. The process is underway as well for her husband, the Duke, and both face up to six years in prison if charged and convicted.

Lauren, can you help us appreciate the reaction of the Spanish public at this point?

turn 1 : (2) "Now, where the princess comes in is that for at least one of those shell companies she was a co-signer and co-owner. So any fraud committed by that company, she would be 50 percent responsible."  The literal meaning of this sentence is that the princess was involved in the ownership and operation of a shell company that was used for fraudulent purposes. However, the implied meaning is that the princess was possibly complicit in the fraud, knowingly or unknowingly, and that her involvement is a significant part of the investigation.

How is the Princess Infanta Cristina involved in the fraud investigation?

Answer: Co-signer


Condemnation continues of President Trump's profane language about several foreign countries, using an especially crude word. And a warning - you're about to hear that word. At a bipartisan meeting with legislators on Thursday, the president asked why the United States would want immigrants from, quote, "shithole countries. "Until last week, roughly 200,000 Salvadorans in the U. S.  held temporary protected status. That was put in place after the devastating earthquakes hit that country in 2001. But the White House says it'll end those protections and give Salvadorans until September 2019 to return to El Salvador or face deportation.

Carlos Dada is the founder of El Faro, a news site based in San Salvador, and joins us from there. Carlos, thanks so much for being with us.

Thank you for having me, Scott.

What's the reaction in El Salvador been to the president's comments and, for that matter, your personal reaction?

turn 2 : having me implies hosting someone or engaging with someone and not referring to owning someone

How does turn 2 imply a certain type of relationship between the speakers?

Answer: Hosting


Well, I think people that are overly tied to capitalism and who think that capitalism - and, once again, I speak as a Wharton grad, is the be all and end all of economic systems and that people who are uncomfortable looking at the poor. And there are, you know, not a few Catholics who are like that.

Jim, did the College of Cardinals expect this from the man they chose to be pope?

I don't think so. I think that they expected a person who's holy and came make tough decisions and live simply, but I don't think they expected someone who would shake things up quite this way. And, you know, frankly, most Jesuits who knew him didn't expect this either. But, you know, it shows you once again the power of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit does what the Holy Spirit wants to do.

Father James Martin, who's culture editor of the Jesuit magazine America. Thanks so much. Good holiday to you, Jim.

turn 3 : the speaker is thanking Father James Martin for his insight and wishing him a good holiday.

How did PersonB end the conversation with A?

Answer: Good