When she decided it was not in the national interest to grant security clearances for these 25 individuals, her supervisor overruled her and never provided any rationale for his decisions. In the past, when she was overruled on rare occasion, they would - supervisor would point out the mitigating circumstances and would work with her to assess the risk. Her former supervisor Carl Kline wouldn't speak to her, in fact would direct her not to get involved in these disputed security adjudications.

There has been reporting that President Trump got personally involved in order to grant security clearances for his son-in-law and others. Do you have any awareness of that?

My client would have no direct awareness of that. It was at a much higher level than she was operating at.

What led your client Tricia Newbold to conclude that the problems she was seeing in her office could not be addressed within the executive branch that she works for but instead needed to be addressed by Congress?

turn 1 : The reasons for security clearance denial listed by A are hypothetical but serious.

turn 1 : "You're saying hypothetically those could be reasons security clearances would be denied." - The actual meaning is that A mentioned several reasons that could result in the denial of a security clearance and B is asking if those reasons were actually used to deny security clearances in specific cases.

turn 1 : (2) - "Has he been wearing a wire?" - This is a disguised way of asking if George Papadopoulos has been secretly recording conversations for the FBI as part of his cooperation agreement.

turn 1 :  (2) Implies that the speaker is asking if the client has any knowledge of President Trump's personal involvement in granting security clearances, rather than a literal reading of the question which could be interpreted as asking if the client has any awareness of the reporting itself.


turn 3 :  "Flags" does not mean that Tricia Newbold actually used flags to indicate the instances involving senior White House officials. Instead, it implies that she drew attention to these instances or brought them to the committee's notice. This is an example of a figurative or idiomatic use of language where the intended meaning is different from the literal meaning of the words used.

turn 3 : implies that A has endorsed Hillary Clinton and believes she effectively addresses the issues.

turn 3 : Implies that the speaker would like to see further reforms beyond what is suggested by Speaker Ryan.

turn 3 : inquiring about strategies or approaches politicians use to engage and maintain public attention for issues that may seem disconnected or less relevant to the lives of everyday Americans.

turn 3 :  "What led your client Tricia Newbold to conclude that the problems she was seeing in her office could not be addressed within the executive branch that she works for but instead needed to be addressed by Congress?"  The phrase "addressed by Congress" is figurative, as it means that the issues raised by Tricia Newbold needed to be dealt with by the legislative branch of government, rather than just the executive branch where she worked.


Exactly.

At the same time, she's this very sassy character. And, you know, so many of the characters here are very, you know, just sexy, kind of contemporary figures. And there's a joie-de-vivre about this, and even though she touches on a lot of heavy themes, including race and patriotism, there's a certain sass to this. Is that what attracted you to her work?

Well, I was astounded at her work. I was actually looking for something else in her cartoon that is in the late '40s. Most of her cartooning was done in the late '40s and early '50s. This one year of '37 was kind of a little different thing.

I was looking for evidence of a doll. I knew that she created a doll, and I thought I could find some evidence of that in her cartoons. And then yeah, I found the doll, but then I went on to see all of the different topics that she took on, and that got fascinating.

turn 1 : B finds something amusing or funny, but it's not clear what

turn 1 : B's laughter does not have a literal meaning but is likely a response to something humorous or lighthearted in the conversation.

turn 1 : A is jokingly referencing the title of B's book

turn 1 :  B's turn contains figurative language, as "sassy" and "sexy" are not meant to be taken literally. They are used to describe the personality and appearance of the characters in the cartoon.

turn 1 : All the turns in this conversation appear to have their literal meanings, and there are no metaphors, figurative language or idioms used.


Exactly.

turn 2 : There are no idiomatic expressions or figurative language in this turn.

turn 2 :  A's turn does not contain any figurative language. The speaker is expressing their genuine reaction to the artist's work.

turn 2 : There are no turns in the given conversation that have a meaning different from their literal meanings. All the turns convey their literal meanings without any implied or figurative language.

turn 2 : None of the turns in this conversation have a figurative or non-literal meaning.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker's use of a certain metaphor or analogy suggests they are drawing a comparison to another concept in order to illustrate their point or express a deeper meaning.


Exactly.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be using allusions to reference something indirectly, assuming that the listener will understand the reference based on shared knowledge or cultural context.

turn 3 : The literal meaning is that the speaker wants to examine the motives behind the actions of the people involved in the events. The implied meaning is that the speaker is questioning whether their mother's version of events was accurate and whether the motives behind the actions were as terrible as their mother portrayed them to be.

turn 3 : This turn is literal in meaning, as it is a straightforward question asking about the speaker's children.

turn 3 : None of the turns in this statement have a figurative or non-literal meaning. The speaker is describing a situation where a defendant in a criminal trial confessed to the crime during the speaker's testimony, and the defendant's girlfriend later corroborated the speaker's testimony with her own testimony.

turn 3 : A's turn contains figurative language. The phrase "looking for evidence of a doll" is not meant to be taken literally. The speaker is referring to the fact that they were searching for any visual or textual reference to the doll that the artist had created.


Yeah. In 1970, the big focus was on pollution. I mean, it was "Silent Spring" with - in 1962 that had triggered the evolution and formation of the modern environmental movement, and that was pollution-oriented. And, well, we've seen since then is a shift to focus on environmental support systems, like the natural systems, like the forests and grasslands and fisheries and so forth, and what's happening to them. And now, of course, climate change is on the issue, and water has become a major issue.

These were not on the agenda in 1970. At that time, it was largely a focus on pollution, and that was at the time when the Cuyahoga River in Cleveland caught fire because there was so much oil and other combustible material there. So it was pollution. Now, it's many things.

It was just a couple of months after that first Earth Day, Congress authorized the creation of the EPA, a federal agency that regulates environmental regulations. The EPA has, of course, become - gone from an agency created with great bipartisan support to one of the most partisan ideas in government.

Yeah. I think the - as I recall, the first head might have been Russell Train. . .

turn 3 :  (4) is an expression of surprise. The implied meaning is an expression of admiration.

turn 3 : not a physical head, like a head from a body, but the  person in charge of something, the leader of something

turn 3 : not a literal meaning but rather a rhetorical question.

turn 3 : The whiplash means that a person turns their head around quickly as the other person change's their opinions.


Well, first of all, I don't think anybody's going to negotiate very seriously with a gun to their head. And the history of these things is that presidents win and the party in Congress that causes a shutdown tends to lose. So I think the president's made it clear he's not negotiating until funding is restored to the government.

I think in Congress there's certainly, around the edges, some places that we can make some arrangements, shorten the amount of time - although I thought 30 days was short enough, all things considered - and, you know, perhaps, you know, begin negotiations elsewhere. But you literally cannot complete legislation this fast. It's not as if the Democrats, you know, have a proposal that's been drafted into legislation that I'm aware of. So sooner or later, we're going to have to reopen the government, and I hope sooner.

Didn't your party get a tax bill done pretty quickly?

No. It took months and months and months and months of - here, I mean, that lasted over a year.

I mean, they were scrawling in the document up until the last second.

turn 4 : (1) The actual meaning is that the Senate's version of the tax bill was more influential in the final negotiations with the House, despite the Senate having a bare majority vote before the negotiations began.

turn 4 : (5) - The speaker is implying that the tax bill was hastily and carelessly put together, even though it was actually thoroughly worked on.

turn 4 : (3) The actual meaning is that Republicans may see this tax bill as an opportunity to demonstrate their ability to govern, having control of the Senate, the House, and the presidency.

turn 4 : This implies that there's a lot of deduction or loopholes in the tax code.


You do feel a special connection with Chopin, don't you?

So it's extraordinary that you should discover two different versions of a Chopin waltz that was previously unknown.

I agree. I was shocked - really shocked - when I found them. And then many things happened to me with Chopin through my life.

turn 1 : the phenomenon described in the book is extraordinary and could be perceived as a miracle by some readers, even though the literal meaning is simply acknowledging that the phenomenon is portrayed realistically in the book.

turn 1 : Actually, I do. Many things have happened to me. I don't like the word paranormal. I like the word the unknown normal because that's what it really is.  In this turn, the speaker is not talking about feeling a special connection with Chopin, which is the literal meaning. Instead, they are talking about their experiences with the unknown or unexplained, and their preference for the term "unknown normal" instead of "paranormal".

turn 1 : The literal meaning of (2) is a simple expression of surprise, while the implied meaning is that the speaker is in awe of Steve Dalkowski's remarkable ability.

turn 1 : to have a sense of something means do you understand something


This is going to be a really interesting hearing today. I'm going to see if the judge approves these requests from the plaintiffs who want to see more documents being released from the Trump administration as well as they want to see the judge to possibly order more depositions, more officials sitting down for questioning to try to get a bottom of this - these claims. And this could possibly affect - if there's additional documents released, additional testimony - this could affect the ruling that the Supreme Court is expected to release by the end of this month.

That's the final judge here. The Supreme Court will be ruling on this.

Exactly. We're watching to see what the justices say. And it's a very tight deadline. July 1 is when the Census Bureau says that printing has to start for the 2020 census forms.

Hansi, thanks so much.

turn 0 : The justices can not avoid being questioned and they are different from the justice who sided with both political parties.

turn 0 : The supreme court has a great many decisions to make on cases.

turn 0 : The court may not intervene in executive legislative disputes.

turn 0 : The judge rejected the law so hard that it's being compared to striking something down.

turn 0 : The hearing could have an impact on the Supreme Court ruling.


Hansi, thanks so much.

turn 2 : The disagreement with Congress over funding for the 2020 census could have implications for the accuracy and reliability of the census results.

turn 2 : The census results are of great importance to the allocation of resources in the United States.

turn 2 : The closer it gets to the census, more money needs to be spent

turn 2 : The deadline for printing the 2020 census forms is approaching.


Feel at home here.

So, you know, the oceans, they aren't just sitting there. It's not just still water. There are currents. There are winds blowing over the top of them. And in case of the circulation in the Atlantic, the wind is blowing, piles water up in the middle because of something called Ekman transport. You can look that up on Wikipedia. And it makes a big pile - a hill of water in the middle of the Atlantic.

Really?

It's about a meter high, something like that.

turn 0 : This just means that the company is not progressing at all - it does not mean that it is actually 'dead in the water'

turn 0 : Water infrastructure is a critical yet underappreciated aspect of our economy and daily lives, and requires more attention and investment.

turn 0 : The author is talking about a 'pile' of water which of course is not a thing, instead he is talking about a swelling of the ocean created by water flowing in and being manipulated by currents and underwater streams and such

turn 0 : The turn "If the water gets - just gets warmer, though, doesn't it expand the volume of it?" is an example of literal language. The speaker is referring to the scientific fact that water expands as it warms.

turn 0 : Melting ice on Greenland and Antarctica adds water to the sea level.


Now, have you been able to get through to your teams in the Bahamas?What are you hearing?

We have sporadic communications, but we did pre-deploy teams into the affected areas.

And what are you hearing?

What we're hearing is that it's a very difficult situation. There is extensive damage and extensive flooding, especially in - most of the areas close to the coast have been almost completely underwater, and many of the shelters that we have been working in and preparing - they have also started to be underwater and be flooded. So people are moving out of some of the temporary shelters, which we had in schools and churches, and are moving into some of the biggest or tallest and strongest buildings on the island. Especially in Marsh Harbor, we have reports of people moving into the government buildings because the flood waters are so high.

turn 2 : (3) implies that the speaker wants to know what the speaker observed,

turn 2 : heard the message meaning seen what was meant by the actions of

turn 2 : What messages are you receiving from them (not what are you literally hearing)

turn 2 : the literal and actual meanings are the same. The speakers are simply exchanging pleasantries and expressing gratitude for the conversation

turn 2 : It doesn't actually speak, but it it does mean that nothing good comes from the information.


It's going great. I understand that spanking and Michelle Obama's fashion stuffed our inbox this week, right?

That's right. The discussions we've had about whether the First Lady should have worn clothing by black designers for her husband's inauguration is still creating a lot of traffic. Aljory Stallings(ph) wrote us this on our Web site, I am completely irritated on this trivial commentary on this issue. I wonder if the black designers who were complaining about this realize that by doing that, they are cutting off their noses to spite their faces.

Flora Gayle(ph) chimed in with this, I think she needs to get some credit for almost always wearing American designers. I am not black, but I do work in fashion. I think before we start judging this, we should look at how many black students are going to fashion school. I wish there were more.

And Dianne Truckenberg(ph) wrote in to say, I am concerned with the concept drawing lines for black versus white, for fill in whatever topic. Insistence on basing decisions on whether or not something or someone is of a certain race will certainly bring back racial tension.

turn 1 : The black designers complaining about the First Lady wearing clothing by non-black designers are being counterproductive.

turn 1 : The discussion is still happening between a great many people. The black designers are only hurting themselves by complaining about what she wore.

turn 1 : Lesbians are powerful in Hollywood but African-Americans are not.

turn 1 : Aretha Franklin was offended by Beyonce introducing Tina Turner as the queen at the Grammys.


The regulations and the oversight that was put in place was relatively minimal because this was going to be such a small endeavor. It was going to be a small-scale experiment for 100 schools. Well, guess what?We have 1,300 charter schools today. And we have a law that doesn't actually account for the scale of that.

That's LA Times reporter Anna Phillips. She's been investigating loopholes in California's charter school system. What she discovered is a fragmented and decentralized regulating system. In Los Angeles, Phillips encountered a case in which a wealthy Beverly Hills couple made millions of dollars by simply turning to a different school district whenever their charter schools came under scrutiny.

These charter schools had been set up as nonprofits that were publicly funded. But if you looked right kind of on the outskirts of them, the couple that had started them had essentially created a series of businesses or nonprofits that were doing business with their own schools. So for instance, this couple rented a lot of their own properties they owned. They were their own landlords.

They owned buildings that then they rented to the schools, so they were getting that income.

Exactly. And there were other ways they were getting income. The woman who ran these schools, her husband was hired on as a project manager for about $500,000 to oversee the construction of a new campus. When they wanted to bring in cafeteria meals for their students, they hired one of their own organizations. So this was public money that was coming into these schools, but the couple that ran them was financially benefiting from it.

turn 0 : "writ large" - This phrase means "on a large scale" or "as a general principle," rather than referring to something that is physically written in large letters.

turn 0 : Turn (1) has a non-literal meaning. The speaker is suggesting that the cost of the program may be justified by its deterrent effect, even though it may not be cost-effective in terms of the number of arrests made.

turn 0 : "a small-scale experiment for 100 schools" - The literal meaning of this phrase is that the experiment was limited in scope to only 100 schools. However, the implied meaning is that the regulations and oversight were inadequate for the current scale of the charter school system, which has grown much larger than originally anticipated.

turn 0 : it is a metaphorical field, it just means there are not as many candidates running for the election as there was in the past because some decided not to continue running

turn 0 : The students feel pressure to conform and not be different from their peers.


turn 1 : A: "It was never in the original law." The literal meaning of this statement is that the stipulations about charter schools were not included in the original law. The implied meaning is that the original law did not anticipate the development of charter schools, so there were no stipulations about them in the law.

turn 1 : The state of California is in financial trouble and may not be able to pay its employees or meet its financial obligations

turn 1 : This implies that there's a lot of deduction or loopholes in the tax code.

turn 1 : "loopholes in California's charter school system" - The literal meaning of "loopholes" is gaps or flaws in a system or law that can be exploited. However, the implied meaning is that the charter school system in California has structural weaknesses that allow for abuses and inconsistencies in regulation.

turn 1 : The literal meaning of the turn is asking about a hypothetical scenario, but the actual meaning is asking about the potential impact of eliminating a deduction for student loans.


turn 2 : "essentially created a series of businesses or nonprofits that were doing business with their own schools" - The literal meaning of this sentence is that the couple established other organizations that had financial ties to their charter schools. However, the implied meaning is that they may have been using these organizations to divert public funds into their own pockets.

turn 2 : A: "It was never in the original law." The literal meaning of this statement is that the stipulations about charter schools were not included in the original law. The implied meaning is that the original law did not anticipate the development of charter schools, so there were no stipulations about them in the law.

turn 2 : their own pockets implies that they were collecting money for themselves

turn 2 : the literal meaning is that outside groups are only communicating a message and do not have a legal mandate to disclose their fundraising and spendings. The actual meaning is that despite not being required to disclose their activities, outside groups are still significant spenders on television advertising in politics.


turn 3 : their own pockets implies that they were collecting money for themselves

turn 3 : "They owned buildings that then they rented to the schools, so they were getting that income" - The literal meaning of this sentence is that the couple owned buildings that they leased to their charter schools, generating rental income. However, the implied meaning is that they may have been using their positions of authority to steer public funds towards their own personal gain.

turn 3 : In turn (2), the speaker acknowledges that people who own properties are more likely to benefit from property buyouts. However, the implied meaning is that the property buyout program may reinforce existing socioeconomic disparities, as people with more wealth are generally more often property owners. This suggests that the program may not be equally accessible to everyone, which is different from the literal meaning of the turn.

turn 3 : A: "It was never in the original law." The literal meaning of this statement is that the stipulations about charter schools were not included in the original law. The implied meaning is that the original law did not anticipate the development of charter schools, so there were no stipulations about them in the law.


turn 4 : "Takes dollars away from students" implies that they are actually taking money from the student's pockets.

turn 4 : "So this was public money that was coming into these schools, but the couple that ran them was financially benefiting from it" - The literal meaning of this sentence is that public funds were being used to support the couple's charter schools, and that the couple was making a profit from these funds. However, the implied meaning is that the couple may have been exploiting their positions of power to enrich themselves at the expense of the public education system.

turn 4 : Literally, the turn means that activists were raising money to buy the browsing history and other data about lawmakers who repealed the rules, and that advertisers do not target individuals but rather a specific group.

turn 4 : their own pockets implies that they were collecting money for themselves


Well, the thing that's on the drawing board right now is the economic stimulus plan, and I think we do need a very large plan that would include increases in government spending and tax cuts.

To add to this troubled economy, we now have the latest unemployment figures out this morning from major metropolitan areas. Here's how they look. In November 2007, 18 areas reported jobless rates of at least seven percent. In November 2008, that number jumped to 121. Which areas have seen the highest unemployment rate?

Well, the most significant problems are in the industrial Midwest. As we all know, the auto industry is having a great deal of difficulty, and layoffs have been very severe. Also, in parts of the country where the housing market has been hit hard - California, Florida, Arizona, Nevada - there, too, employment has fallen, unemployment has risen.

And which areas are seeing the lowest unemployment numbers?

turn 1 : The unemployment rate is expected to rise to 8 percent, which is a significant increase.

turn 1 : The unemployment rate has dramatically increased in various metropolitan areas.

turn 1 : It will be difficult to keep the unemployment rate at 8 percent and it is likely to increase.

turn 1 : The U6 measure of unemployment is higher than the commonly understood unemployment rate.

turn 1 : The housing market bubble will burst and we hope for a gradual decline.


Not so well now. We're expecting to have a peace completely after the election, but we still have a few problems here and there as far as human right is concerned. And there is also killings in some parts of the country, in the west, also in east. So, that's not good.

There are a lot of people who've used music to raise awareness about what's going on in different parts of the world. Why do you think people relate to music as a way of understanding and humanizing other people?What is it about music that's so special?

Music is very natural. We are born - our mothers sing for us. The community welcomes you with music, with singing. So, it becomes part of your being, of your nature. At the same time, when you cry, it's also like singing. So, it seems like singing and music is set of human being. So, when we sing, we cry, we shout, we just bring it outside. So, it's very natural.

And your family had a musical tradition, what was its like growing up?

turn 1 : Why do you think people relate to music as a way of understanding and humanizing other people? What is it about music that's so special?"

turn 1 : Having it to compared music as poetry and music has the heartstrings of everyone listening to the melodies of the instrument and words.

turn 1 : Soul music is not as prevalent or appreciated as it should be

turn 1 : The speaker is mentioning a song that reflects their current emotions.


turn 2 : "So, it seems like singing and music is set of human being. So, when we sing, we cry, we shout, we just bring it outside. So, it's very natural."

turn 2 : The speaker is emotionally moved by the lyrics of the song.

turn 2 :  is to sing, but the implied meaning is to not take the conversation in the direction being presented.

turn 2 : The person singing the song is rebellious and the listener can relate to it

turn 2 : What matters is how the song makes a person feels and how it sounds.


And now it's letter time. Our editor Sasa Woodruff is here with me. Hey, Sasa.

Hey, Farai. How's it going?

I am doing great. So what are folks saying this week?

Well as you can imagine, we got some letters about our economy coverage. On a Bloggers' Roundtable last week, we discussed reports that some were blaming the mortgage crises on African-Americans and other minorities.

turn 3 : The economic situation will get worse, and it's uncertain how bad it will be.

turn 3 : It tells about developed our nation and innovoted lot of things

turn 3 : The economic situation is causing a significant decrease in hiring, sales, and investment.

turn 3 : There are not actual signs but instances that cause worry for the economy.

turn 3 : Some readers expressed concerns about the coverage of the economy


Absolutely. They are - they don't trust now any promises that they will not be prosecuted or taken in front of a judge. And also, you know, the standards of human rights internationally have changed. And there is a very active community - globally - that chases after dictators and people that have violated human rights and have committed the crimes against humanity, which is the case for many of them.

Now, isn't the logic of that - the humanitarian logic of that - that knowing they might have to face criminal charges will discourage dictators from striking out at their own people?

Absolutely. But strangely enough, we see that continuing to happen. We don't know how many thought about it and decided not to do it because they were fearful of being prosecuted internationally. But we do know that there are still many that go ahead with all kinds of crimes and violations of human rights. And Nicolas Maduro is a paramount example of that.

What about people who work for somebody who's in power and might not get the same guarantees?

turn 0 : (1) is that people have become inactive or lacking in energy, and the speaker is suggesting that there are significant problems that need to be addressed in the city. However, the implied meaning is that people have become desensitized or accustomed to these problems, and the journalist should not make broad generalizations about the city without considering the struggles of its residents.

turn 0 : an active community in this context means the community is doing a lot of things

turn 0 : People want to work hard for things.

turn 0 : "engaged in the process" - this means actively participating in the political process, not just being present or observing it.

turn 0 : a lot of stuff means there is a massive amount


Depending on how they go about it, how big of a deal could this announcement by Zara be, and what kind of an impact could it have?

Well, I think the really interesting thing about Zara's statement is they've made a public statement to back their intention, and they will be held accountable for whether they achieve that target or not over time. So the fact that they made this very public target I think is really positive. And I think hopefully what that will do is also encourage other brands and retailers to be bold and to make these statements as well.

What individual responsibility do consumers have here?

Personally, I think every consumer has some responsibility for their actions. The consumers are buying products, they are making decisions about where they're buying those products from, how long they keep those products for and what they do with those products at end of life. So I think there is definitely some responsibility that the consumers have in all of this. But I also recognize as - there is this deep-seated sort of psychological driver within our human psyche to engage in fashion.

turn 0 : how big of a deal means how much of a problem would this be

turn 0 : The long haul is a length of time where the issue had to be dealt with.

turn 0 : The situation is uncertain and they need to take it one step at a time

turn 0 : The person thinks that the situation will come to an end with both sides negotiating with one another. There is no game or table.


turn 3 : suits refers to make proper or fit in and not a set of clothes to be worn

turn 3 : The business suit has a casual element to it with a short-sleeved shirt.

turn 3 : "Engage in fashion" means to buy clothing that is about fashion rather than pure functionality.

turn 3 : (4) - Implied meaning: People were encouraged to enjoy the outdoors and take in the beauty of nature

turn 3 : To consume from iPhones and running shoes meaning that people buy phones and shoes rather than eat them.


Well, I will say he's not so much trapped. He did do the wrong thing, and he knowingly did the wrong thing for what he believed were for the right reasons. But he still did break the law. So there was going to be some sort of comeuppance in regard because I didn't want to do it where he does something illegal, and it's, like, but it's the main character. Let it slide. On the other hand, the idea was to show that once he's there, exactly where he's sending people.

And one of the reasons I found this interesting is there are comics like "Doonesbury," for example, that are known for taking on topical issues, but that has always been the flavor of "Doonesbury. "As I said before, this is a legacy comic. I mean, it started in 1952. The people who've been reading this comic aren't necessarily used to this. And I'm wondering how people - or how are your fans, how are the readers of the comic are taking it?

I - we'll use the word fans.

This is a legacy strip. And I'm not trying to go, OK, now I'm just going to make it so now, and it's going to be thing. But on the other hand, you never want any strip or anything to be caught in amber, and you do want it to always be moving and feel like it's alive. So - now, granted, we do have the fantastic elements. Assassins appear regularly in this strip. . .

(Laughter).

turn 0 : implies that the speaker was advocating for themselves to be violently punished,

turn 0 : to take on a role in this context means to act like a character.

turn 0 : A implies that the process of political maneuvering can be absurd and comical to an outside observer.

turn 0 : implies a request for a summary of the facts of the case

turn 0 : A implies that he wants to show the consequences of breaking the law, even for the main character, despite doing it for the right reasons.


I - we'll use the word fans.

(Laughter).

turn 3 : "Caught and killed" is not literal. It refers to newspaper stories being not being published due to interference from the subject of those stories.

turn 3 : "be caught in amber" implies that a comic strip appears to contain no action or movement.

turn 3 : None of the turns have implied meanings that are different from their literal meanings. They all convey their literal meanings without any hidden or implied messages.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker thinks that there is a level of ambiguity or hidden message in the turn that may not be immediately apparent, but which can be inferred or interpreted through context or other clues.

turn 3 : The person wants to know where the crimes are not taking place and who is not getting hurt.


Because you have eggplant parmesan just in the book.

(Laughter).

You can do that as an antipasto?

Every time someone turns to that page, they're like, this is an appetizer?

turn 2 :  Implying that the conversation is about spiking eggnog with alcohol.

turn 2 : It's not an actual face but the most popular and most seen way that lettuce is consumed.

turn 2 : They're implying that if you spike your eggnog enough, you'll get drunk.

turn 2 : Expressing surprise that eggplant parmesan can be served as an antipasto.

turn 2 : Breakfast is going to be a serious problem


(Laughter).

You can do that as an antipasto?

turn 3 : Expressing disbelief that people think eggplant parmesan is an appetizer.

turn 3 : A implies that the impact of the spoon on people's perception of food is not significant but it is a curious question.

turn 3 :  Implying that the conversation is about spiking eggnog with alcohol.

turn 3 : The actual meaning: The food/drink is delicious. Implied meaning: The speaker is indicating that they are uncertain about the accuracy of their statement. However, the use of the phrase "I'm just making stuff up" implies that the speaker may be exaggerating or not entirely serious about their comment. Despite that, they still express that the food/drink is very tasty by saying "it's really yum."

turn 3 : It's not an actual face but the most popular and most seen way that lettuce is consumed.


We're approaching the 16th anniversary of U. S.  troops serving in Afghanistan. It's been a little more than a month since President Trump announced a new strategy to send more U. S.  troops as advisers to the Afghan military as it tries to train its own soldiers. Our Pentagon correspondent Tom Bowman has been in and out of Afghanistan for the past decade. He's there again with U. S.  Marines checking out how things seem to be going. He joins us now from the Helmand Province. Tom, thanks so much for being with us.

You're welcome, Scott.

What have you noticed in your time with the Afghan troops?

Well, Scott, I was here last year with the U. S.  Army, and they were advising the Afghan army at a higher level. And now with the Marines here, about 300 Marines, they saw the need to help the Afghans down at a lower level, closer to the front lines. And they're actually going out to Afghan bases, something you didn't see the army do. The American soldiers pretty much stayed on their larger base talking with Afghan generals.

turn 3 : Although the literal meaning of this turn is simply asking for a description of the current situation, the implied meaning behind it is that the speaker is expressing frustration or confusion about the conflicting messages they have heard from President Trump regarding the removal or retention of U.S. forces in Syria. It could be interpreted as a way of questioning the credibility of the information that has been provided so far and seeking clarification or a more definitive answer.

turn 3 : (4) has an implied meaning different from its literal meaning. The speaker is describing the attack on the military base mentioned in (3). The attack was swift and professional, designed to minimize casualties. The fact that an ambulance followed the tank that crashed open the gate implies that the Russians were prepared for possible injuries or casualties, and were taking steps to minimize them.

turn 3 : "Well, Scott, I was here last year with the U.S. Army, and they were advising the Afghan army at a higher level. And now with the Marines here, about 300 Marines, they saw the need to help the Afghans down at a lower level, closer to the front lines. And they're actually going out to Afghan bases, something you didn't see the army do. The American soldiers pretty much stayed on their larger base talking with Afghan generals."  In this turn, the actual implied meaning is that the Marines are actively engaging with and providing assistance to the Afghan troops at a more localized and frontline level. This is in contrast to the U.S. Army, who mainly interacted with Afghan generals from their larger base. The implied meaning is not simply about physical proximity or location but about the level of engagement and support provided by the Marines.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of this turn is that Secretary Kerry has been talking about the idea of a transitional government. The implied meaning is that Kerry is proposing a new government as a way to address the root of the conflict and end the fighting.


Right, well, the idea is that you just want somebody to come back to court. That is the point of bail. And so if somebody is low-risk to themselves, low-risk to society and they want themselves to be done and over with this, you know, incident, then you can just remind somebody to come and that will happen. So it could just be a text reminder - don't forget your court date. This is when it is. This is where you show up. And a lot of times that actually works quite well.

Is this part of a trend against bail in this country?

I think it is perhaps the tip of a trend against bail. Advocates have been arguing that we need bail reform for quite a long time.

Why reform?What has been wrong with the bail system up to this point?

turn 2 : The bailout could have potential negative consequences for the average taxpayer

turn 2 : The bailout is not punishment enough for the people responsible for the financial crisis.

turn 2 : The British government has set important conditions in exchange for bank bailouts.

turn 2 : The oversight of the bailout money may not be as strong as it is intended to be.

turn 2 : Bail reform is a movement to change the way bail works in the criminal justice system. The goal of bail reform is to reduce the number of people who are held in jail before trial because they cannot afford bail


Well, I've spent my whole life - as a entrepreneur, as a mayor, as a governor - building teams, assembling talent. We've been able to accomplish things again and again that people didn't think we could do. We got to almost universal health care in Colorado. We did the methane regulations I described. We beat the NRA with tough new gun laws. This is all through that collaborative effort of building a team and getting things done. That's very different than the legislative process.

Has Chuck Schumer called you and urged you to run for Senate?

(Laughter) I've talked to Chuck Schumer, who is one of the most persuasive people, and I have more admiration for how he does his job than words can express.

You're running as a centrist, even as much of the Democratic Party is moving to the left. How do you plan to sell your ideas to an increasingly progressive party?

turn 3 : Liberals in this place have socially conservative views.

turn 3 : Liberals in this area hold conservative beliefs and values.

turn 3 : The person wants to know what can be done to find a common thing the two political parties can agree on.

turn 3 : B questions A's ability to appeal to a progressive party

turn 3 : The Green Party has good attitudes towards diversity, opposes populist parties, and is pro-European.


Holocaust survivors who lost property in Warsaw now have six months to reclaim it. But a new Polish law says that people who don't come forward by that deadline will not receive any compensation. The city will assume permanent ownership of their property. The World Jewish Restitution Organization has put together a database to help people track down their property. Gideon Taylor is the chair of operations for the organization. And he joins us now from New York. Mr.  Taylor, thanks for being with us.

Thank you.

And what kind of property is listed?

So it's a mixture of buildings and empty plots. Warsaw was a thriving Jewish community. It was actually the second-largest Jewish community after New York before the Holocaust. And so there's a range of buildings and assets that were - originally belonged to Jews in what was a thriving, bustling Jewish community.

turn 3 :  We're facing a situation where, in the next few years, we will be living in a world where there won't be Holocaust survivors. It's a population, obviously, that's very elderly, very sick, and passing away very rapidly. So we think it's a matter of justice and morality to address and to conclude this issue before that last of that generation disappears.  The implied meaning of A's statement is that they highlight the imminent loss of Holocaust survivors in the coming years. They emphasize the elderly, sickly condition of the survivors and the rapid rate at which they are passing away. A asserts that addressing and resolving the issue at hand is a matter of justice and morality, particularly before the last survivors of that generation are no longer alive.

turn 3 :   The Warsaw Jewish community was very prosperous before the Holocaust, but many of its assets were taken away from their rightful owners and now survivors have the opportunity to reclaim them.

turn 3 : The families, town, and communities lose members and become non existent as a unit.

turn 3 : THERE IS A BIG CHANGE THE PEOPLE HAVE ALREADY LOST THEIR MONEY


They were part of the crew of the USS Monitor, a celebrated Civil War ship that helped open a new era in naval warfare. The ship was ironclad, powered by steam instead of sails, and supported a rotating gun turret. The Monitor sank in a storm in 1862. Sixteen of 62 men on board went down with their ship. They were thought to be lost forever until 2002. The Monitor was being restored and the remains of two of the sailors were discovered in the turret. We're joined now by historian Anna Holloway. She's curator of the USS Monitor Center in Newport, Virginia. Thank very much for being with us.

Well, thank you so much for having me.

What do we know about these two sailors who have finally been buried?

Well, we still don't know their names, and that is one of the ongoing mysteries about these two heroes of the USS Monitor. However, as you mention, 16 men went down with the vessel, so there are 16 possibilities. Now, forensics tells us a little bit about them - their relative heights, their ages and their race - so that does narrow it down a bit.

turn 0 : None . There's nothing in this that implies anything.

turn 0 : None , I do not believe there is any here


Well, thank you so much for having me.

turn 0 : None of the turns have implied meanings that are different from their literal meanings. They all convey their literal meanings without any hidden or implied messages.

turn 0 : There are no turns in the given conversation that have a meaning different from their literal meanings. All the turns convey their literal meanings without any implied or figurative language.

turn 0 : There are no turns in this dialogue whose actual meanings are different from their literal meanings. All the turns are straightforward and do not contain any figurative language or idiomatic expressions.

turn 0 : All the turns in this conversation appear to have their literal meanings, and there are no metaphors, figurative language or idioms used.

turn 0 : None of the turns in this conversation have implied meanings different from their literal meanings.


Well, thank you so much for having me.

turn 1 : There are no turns in this conversation whose actual meanings are different from their literal meanings. All of the turns are being used in a straightforward and literal manner.

turn 1 : There are no turns in the given conversation that have a meaning different from their literal meanings. All the turns convey their literal meanings without any implied or figurative language.

turn 1 : None of the turns have implied meanings that are different from their literal meanings. They all convey their literal meanings without any hidden or implied messages.

turn 1 : There are no turns in this conversation.whose actual meaniniNG are different from their literal meanings .All of the turns are being used in a straightforward and litreal meanings

turn 1 : All the turns in this conversation appear to have their literal meanings, and there are no metaphors, figurative language or idioms used.


Well, thank you so much for having me.

turn 2 : There are no turns in the given conversation that have a meaning different from their literal meanings. All the turns convey their literal meanings without any implied or figurative language.

turn 2 : None of the turns have implied meanings that are different from their literal meanings. They all convey their literal meanings without any hidden or implied messages.

turn 2 : There are no turns in this conversation whose actual meanings are different from their literal meanings. All of the turns are being used in a straightforward and literal manner.


Well, thank you so much for having me.

turn 3 : there are no turns in this conversation. whose actual meaning are different from their literal meanings. all of the turn are being used in a straight forward and literal meaning.

turn 3 : There are no turns in the given conversation that have a meaning different from their literal meanings. All the turns convey their literal meanings without any implied or figurative language.

turn 3 : None of the turns have implied meanings that are different from their literal meanings. They all convey their literal meanings without any hidden or implied messages.

turn 3 : There are no turns in this dialogue whose actual meanings are different from their literal meanings. All the turns are straightforward and do not contain any figurative language or idiomatic expressions.

turn 3 : None of the words in turn (4) have a different meaning from their literal meanings.


As we move forward, though, and as you see President Trump continue to backtrack on his comments on background checks, in the last 30 seconds we have, what would you like to tell him to stay on the message that you would like him to stay on?

Listen to the American people. We're a democracy. That's what we're supposed to be doing. There can be special interests that are whispering in his ear. They represent the past. What the future is are the kids in our elementary schools or high schools that practice a mass shooting drill during the first couple days of school. That's not the United States of America.

Democratic Mayor Greg Fischer of Louisville, thank you very much.

Thank you.

turn 1 : The president is trying to divert attention away from negative news about him and his administration

turn 1 : The speaker is suggesting that there may be a hidden agenda or underlying motive behind their words.

turn 1 : The other journalists are fascinated by the reason behind the interest in the candidate Senator Obama.

turn 1 : The speaker believes that there is no evidence of Russia supporting the NRA.

turn 1 : 'Special interests whispering in his ear' is figurative. It means that special interest groups - probably the NRA - have too much influence over the President.


So - but they did these kits, which also are - each one of them is a box that contain a lot of evidence that could be tested. And so yes, we have a problem in this country with rape culture. You see that going on right now. It's never been more evident than it is now - rape culture, sexual harassment culture, all of that.

And so training was also needed. Back then, when we first started, we had found police reports in some files that we pulled where police officers were writing very disparaging things about our victims - not believing them, dismissing their cases, not bothering to work on them. And so that was a part of it as well - not just the neglect, not just no money but just active rape culture in play, where they just did not care.

Based on your expertise, this is happening in a number of cities and counties. Isn't it?

Yeah. There are estimated to be over 400,000 untested abandoned rape kits in this country. And I don't know if you're familiar with Michigan Stadium right here in our state. It seats over 100,000 people. When I tell people that the amount of untested kits in this country that they're estimated to be - you can fill up the biggest college or national football stadium in the country four times. And that's if each kit represents a victim - which it does - and you think of game day at Michigan Stadium four times over, that's how many we have in this country. And that's probably a conservative estimate. It is absolutely horrible. And hopefully, it is changing, albeit very slowly.

turn 1 : Police should conduct themselves in a professional and polite manner to improve public perception and relations

turn 1 : Police officers have been dismissive and neglectful towards rape victims.

turn 1 : It is being implied that the criminals are having a difficult time.

turn 1 : A case of police brutality is being investigated and all involved are subject to that investigation

turn 1 : Advocating for abolishing the police department and starting over


turn 1 :  "writing very disparaging things about our victims - not believing them, dismissing their cases, not bothering to work on them."

turn 1 : The speaker is expressing sympathy for the victims and their families.

turn 1 : The speaker is expressing sarcasm or disbelief about the effectiveness of preventing lethal incidents despite investigative journalism in the Laquan McDonald case.

turn 1 : Trump said the person is bad at their job and causes trouble to others.

turn 1 : The speaker is expressing concern that the justice system might be unfairly biased against certain individuals based on their race and access to resources.


turn 3 : It implies that issue of rape and AIDS are interconnected and cannot be viewed in isolation from one another.

turn 3 : Women are vulnerable due to lack of privacy and basic necessities

turn 3 : The implied meaning of (2): What resources do you need to help process the huge number of rape kits?

turn 3 : They need the countries to realize this is the way things should be done in other countries.

turn 3 : There is a significant backlog of untested rape kits in the country.


I'll say.

Dissection, anger, back and forth, denunciation by both major party presidential campaigns. Do you think that this cover crossed the line of propriety?

Of propriety?Perhaps. But what it - I think it did so for an urgent and good cause, which is to blow this stupid calumny about Obama away, once and for all. It travels as the subtext through all this polite conversation. I just saw some NBC report that was quoting a Newsweek poll saying 50 percent of Americans believe that Obama is or was a Muslim, or was signed - sworn in on the Koran to the Senate seat, and so on. It's madness. And I - it seems to me that showing the fevered image directly will be a possible way of looking at and dissipating that image.

I think as a result it's a fairly brave thing to do, in which the New Yorker's fulfilling its function at its best, which is to make people think and talk. And the New Yorker helped that discussion happen. And it's one of the times where I feel, hats off, New Yorker!They got it right, you know. This is not something that goes away by saying, but it's not seemly to discuss this.

But there are some people who are always going to read this un-ironically and say, well, yeah, he is a Muslim despite, you know.

turn 1 : The cover story in question caused controversy but served an important purpose.

turn 1 : The story is emotional and difficult to hear.

turn 1 : The subject matter of the memoir is controversial and intriguing

turn 1 : The issue being discussed involves human lives and families, making it emotionally charged and difficult to solve.

turn 1 : This question implies that a lot of thought and care went into the decision to publish the story.


I'll say.

turn 1 : The cover of the New Yorker magazine may have gone too far in terms of propriety but it served a good purpose in debunking the false claim that Obama is a Muslim.

turn 1 : The other journalists are fascinated by the reason behind the interest in the candidate Senator Obama.

turn 1 : The National Enquirer is not a credible source of news and is often joked about.

turn 1 : This implies that the book contains criticisms and negative opinions about the Obama administration's handling of Guantanamo Bay detainees.

turn 1 : Then they changed the topic to President Obama


I'll say.

turn 4 : The literal meaning of this turn is that people might think news organizations are concealing information, but the actual meaning is that people might think news organizations should not be concealing information.

turn 4 :  implies that something else is going on behind the scenes that is not typical of director changes, (3) implies that the Obama-era appointee was trying to protect the agency in an unconventional way, and (4) implies that the White House is attempting to justify their side of the argument by citing the law.

turn 4 : Then they changed the topic to President Obama

turn 4 : Some people will misinterpret the New Yorker's cover story as confirming false rumors about Obama's religion.


Yeah, literally - quite literally. Yeah, man. It's like - it's usually my go-to in writing. And it's just naturally a - such a part of everything. And then in making that song "Disco," it's like, disco - what do you think of disco?Like, strings. Strings are all up in and around disco - heavy, heavy, heavy.

(Vocalizing).

What's this song about - "Poor Fake"?

I think it's about kind of looking deeper into something that on the surface, seem so authentic and so real. But then as you get closer to it, you start to see what it's really made of.

turn 0 : None of the turns in this conversation have a figurative or non-literal meaning.

turn 0 : All the turns in this conversation appear to have their literal meanings, and there are no metaphors, figurative language or idioms used.

turn 0 : There are no turns in the given conversation that have a meaning different from their literal meanings. All the turns convey their literal meanings without any implied or figurative language.

turn 0 : None of the turns have implied meanings that are different from their literal meanings. They all convey their literal meanings without any hidden or implied messages.

turn 0 : The speaker uses 'literally' in a figurative sense.


From NPR News, this is News & Notes. I'm Tony Cox. FEMA wants immunity from Class Action lawsuits for its formaldehyde-ridden trailers given to Hurricane Katrina victims. And President Bush is expected to sign a housing bill that once it clears the Senate, will help homeowners in trouble with their mortgages. That and more on today's Reporter's Roundtable. But first, we check in with our very own Farai Chideya coming live from the journalists of color UNITY convention in Chicago. Hey, Farai.

Hey, Tony.

So listen, for those not in the journalism world, what is Unity?

Unity is a once-every-four-year gathering of the Ethnic Journalism Associations. So the NABJ, the National Association of Black journalist, the Hispanic Journalist, Asian-American Journalists, Native-American Journalists. It's really this kind of diversity fest for journalism.

turn 3 : Unity is a gathering of diverse ethnic journalists.

turn 3 : The Chinese government wanted to control the narrative portrayed by the foreign journalists.

turn 3 : All the essayists feel strongly about their homeland and want to tell its story

turn 3 : The literal meaning of this turn is to state that the speaker is of mixed racial and/or ethnic heritage. However, the actual meaning is to downplay the significance of the speaker's racial and ethnic identity.

turn 3 : The representation of minorities in newsrooms is still inadequate.


Well, how much were the islands able to prepare for Hurricane Dorian?I mean, to stock up on adequate supplies, to make sure people got to shelters safely. Do you think there was enough time in advance?

Oh, absolutely. From the first module that came up that showed the path of Dorian. Based on experience, Grand Bahama and even the other islands - we've weathered many ferocious storms. And so it has become our way of life. Can you imagine six months out of a year, you're in a hurricane basin?And at any point from June 1 to November 30, you could be struck with a hurricane, whether a Category 1 or Category 5. We remind the public that it is, you know, their duty to prepare themselves and their families for any disaster, whether it's natural or man-made.

So over the next 24 hours, tell us what you're going to be looking for. What are the main priorities?

Over the next 24 hours, the storm will still be impacting the northwest Bahamas at some level because we were hearing, based on the predictions, this storm would not be clear out of the Bahamas until about Wednesday. So we're still expecting the level of damage that kind of strength would do on a flat island. We know we have to rebuild. That's obvious.

turn 1 : The hurricane in the Bahamas is a developing story.

turn 1 : Hurricane Dorian is a severe and dangerous storm that poses a serious threat to the Bahamas

turn 1 : The people of Baha affected by the effect of typhoon not by by typhoon

turn 1 : Surviving hurricanes is a common occurrence and a way of life for the Bahamians.

turn 1 : Hurricanes are becoming more dangerous due to climate change


And that polio virus is thought to be non-zoonotic. It's thought to be a virus that only affects humans, but it's capable of passing from humans into chimps. So it seems to have made those chimps sick and killed some of them.

Likewise, the mountain gorillas of Rwanda and Uganda, when people visit those on - ecotourist adventures, they're not allowed to come closer than within about 15 feet. The gorillas are habituated. They're perfectly happy to have people nearby.

But the people who manage those gorilla populations are concerned that diseases, human diseases, will spill over into the mountain gorillas, which are an endangered subspecies and have a relatively small gene pool. So, yes, we have to be careful that we don't give diseases to wildlife also, especially wildlife that's closely related to us and that's endangered.

It seemed like many of the viruses you talk about in this book spilled over from bats, and I don't think of them as close relations to us particularly. But do we have. . .

turn 0 : The systems are capable of being penetrated by someone.

turn 0 : passing implies transmission from one person or animal to another and not having legs to walk or cross sides

turn 0 : to move in direction in this context means to change something

turn 0 : to carry something out means to do something

turn 0 : to move around in this context means to move from place to place, like moving from one house to another


turn 1 : The polio virus can pass from humans to chimpanzees.

turn 1 : The mountain gorillas are habituated to humans and tourists, but human diseases could harm them.

turn 1 : Humans and chimpanzees can transmit viruses to each other.

turn 1 : Diseases are not breaking out but might begin to happen due to the situation.


Yeah.

. . . The right forecast probably wasn't (laughter) - 'cause no one's clairvoyant, it probably wasn't that, oh, it's going to be a conservative sweep. It was probably that hey, we don't know a lot and maybe there's a 15 or 20 percent chance that somehow they can maintain their majority. So I think, you know, when I say that I think our forecast was wrong and I don't want to make excuses for it, I think the part that was wrong is the part that was too narrow in terms of the margin of error.

Yeah. I've got to tell you, Mr.  Silver, you're not giving people much of an incentive to read FiveThirtyEight seriously if you're essentially backing away from the idea that you can reach any conclusions. That's why people read you.

Sometimes the right conclusion is to say that people are too sure of themselves, right?

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker is hinting at something indirectly and expects the listener to read between the lines.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker might be implying a hidden agenda or ulterior motive behind their words, actions, or decisions, without making it explicit.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker's tone and word choice suggest that they may be withholding information or expressing something indirectly, potentially due to fear of judgement or repercussions.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker is subtly suggesting that the other person is being unreasonable or unrealistic in their expectations or demands.

turn 2 : B: "you're not giving people much of an incentive to read FiveThirtyEight seriously if you're essentially backing away from the idea that you can reach any conclusions." The literal meaning of this turn is that the speaker is expressing disappointment that the speaker is backing away from the idea of being able to reach any conclusions. The implied meaning is that the speaker expects FiveThirtyEight to provide clear conclusions and not leave room for uncertainty or ambiguity.


. . . Had you wanted to see these images. You had to have heard about it. You're just seeing brief news reports saying that foreign powers, especially the United States, have been provoking riots and dangerous behavior in Hong Kong for their own selfish reasons - those kind of terse news bulletins. But on the social media that the Chinese exchange every day that they love on their smartphones, any hint of searching for news that Hong Kong is immediately shut down by the censors.

So the U. S.  is being blamed on mainland China. The U. S.  does have a lot of financial interests in Hong Kong. The State Department has expressed grave concern over this extradition law. It says there are more than 1,300 U. S.  firms with operations in Hong Kong, about $80 billion in U. S.  investment, 85,000 American citizens. Are U. S.  businesses operating in Hong Kong likely to be affected by all of this?

They certainly would have been if this law had gone through. I mean, in essence, what this proposal was was that for the first time ever people in Hong Kong, whether foreigners or locals, could be sent for trial by being extradited to the mainland, and the mainland's courts are explicitly under the control of the Communist Party. They are not independent courts. They're not meant to be independent courts. So that caused a gigantic backlash from even rather meek and mild business groups. . .

Hm.

turn 0 : The Chinese government actively sought to identify and punish protesters.

turn 0 : The protesters in Hong Kong are fighting to maintain their current level of freedom, not to gain more freedom.

turn 0 : The Hong Kong government is ignoring public opinions.

turn 0 : China wants Hong Kong to focus on making money and ignore politics

turn 0 : There is censorship in China preventing access to information about Hong Kong protests


And I saw that with just kids I knew at public school that were gifted. A lot of them struggled as they got older because they've been told they were smart. And so when they failed, they felt let down, they felt confused, and they blamed themselves.

So I think you see that on a much grander level with a child star where they get this level of fame and success and they think that that's going to last forever because they get used to it. And as they get older it's taken away from them, and they're not sure who to blame. And they don't know how to do anything for themselves.

And almost inevitably taken away from them by a disease called adolescence.

Yes, exactly. I mean I think that child stars are - they're used, in a way, to - their cuteness is used. And a lot of child actors - I mean people often ask me, they say why were you in so many kids' movies. And one was that my mother and father believed that there weren't enough good kids' movies out there. Now, I wasn't always in the best kids' movies, but they thought that that was important. And another thing is that there can really only be so many "To Kill A Mockingbirds" out there.

turn 0 : Kids like to learn about everything and they are always questioning what they see.

turn 0 : Their kids starting asking them repeatedly for math problems every night.

turn 0 : They begin the math with the kids,not actually roll anything.

turn 0 : He had to find a way to keep the students from becoming bored and distracted.

turn 0 : The kids were smarter than the other kids in their class.


turn 2 : Adults tend to make mistakes and create chaos when they meddle in things that are meant for teenagers.

turn 2 : Adolescence is when children change and is not easy to go through.

turn 2 : As a leader and parent, it is important to help young people achieve their dreams and goals

turn 2 : It affected the young people's emotions when they saw what happened.


turn 3 : The children in the war had to face and endure many difficult and tragic things.

turn 3 : ALL FATHERS WANT THEIR DAUGHTER TO BE LIKE DISNEY PRINCESSES BUT ITS JUST A CHARACTER NOT A REAL ONE

turn 3 : This turn is literal in meaning, as it is a straightforward question asking about the speaker's children.

turn 3 : There can only be so many award winning, great movies out there for children.

turn 3 : The movement to get kids to do math is becoming known and done by a large amount of people.


In South America, a massive power grid serves Argentina and neighboring Uruguay, as well as parts of Paraguay. Tens of millions of people rely on that grid, until Sunday morning, when they could not. The grid crashed. Much of three countries went dark. NPR's Philip Reeves has been covering this story from Rio de Janeiro. Hey there, Philip.

Hi.

How did this unfold?

Well, it started, Steve, at around 7 in the morning. People were - woke up for, you know, what they hoped would be a nice, peaceful Sunday to discover that the power was out across almost all of Argentina, which is the second largest country in this region, and also in parts of neighboring Uruguay and Paraguay, which get electricity, as you mentioned, from the Argentine grid. Now, the impact would have been a lot worse on a working day, but big power cuts are always very serious matters.

turn 0 : The power outage caused chaos and inconvenience to people's lives.

turn 0 : Parts of South America experienced a major power outage.

turn 0 : The power grid is unreliable due to generators and solar power being used instead.

turn 0 : Despite the progress and growth in the South, there are still underlying issues that need to be addressed.


Glad to be here, Michel.

So you said that Thomas Jefferson was the first to hold July 4 celebrations at the White House in 1881 because he was the first to live in the White House during the Fourth of July. What did he do?

Well, Jefferson just had a little reception for some citizens and some officials. And they had some punch and some cakes, and they had some Italian musicians in to play some music. And this sort of set the trend for future presidents where they had receptions during July 4, something very low-key. And, in 1841, John Tyler had a dinner on that day, and he had turtle soup with - made from a 300-pound turtle they brought in from Key West, Fla.  And then, that night, they walked across the street to Lafayette Square, and they watched the fireworks, which has been part of the July 4 celebration from the very beginning.

So it seems as though the previous presidents had pretty low-key celebrations. This turtle soup was kind of fancy. But the letter from House Democratic leaders state that the Fourth of July celebrations have always been, quote, "nonpartisan and apolitical. "Is that true?

turn 2 : Not soup, but they have to study the situation to see if it will be good or be trouble.

turn 2 : It is being implied that setting out the food was a temporary fix.

turn 2 : big turkey feast refers to celebration dying

turn 2 : July 4 celebrations were not always low-key and small, and turtle soup was not the only fancy dish served during the celebration.

turn 2 : People were so desperate for fuel that they were even boiling their food without proper cooking gas.


And now we'll go to another Dickerson. This is Brian Dickerson. He's a political columnist for the Detroit Free Press. And we're going to talk about Michigan. It is one of the key swing states in this election. Welcome to the program.

Thank you, Madeleine.

Well, both candidates have stumped a lot in Michigan, and is either candidate getting more traction?

Well, the most recent polls this week are a little mixed. But generally, the average of the reputable polls has been showing Obama steadily in front since about mid-June and picking up some momentum in the last two or three weeks.

turn 0 : "We're going to talk about Michigan." - This turn has a literal meaning and is also used with its actual meaning.

turn 0 : All the turns in this conversation appear to have their literal meanings, and there are no metaphors, figurative language or idioms used.

turn 0 : "But well..." - This is an expression that doesn't have a literal meaning. It is an interjection that is often used to indicate hesitation, a change of subject, or a transition in conversation.

turn 0 : (1) "Right." This turn does not convey any literal meaning, but it serves as a signal that the listener is following the speaker's train of thought and agrees with what has been said. It is a type of backchanneling, which is a signal that the listener is actively listening and engaged in the conversation.

turn 0 : "Can you describe the mood?" - This turn is meant to inquire about the emotional state of the people in the area where the speaker is currently located. The literal meaning of the turn is clear and does not differ from its actual meaning.


Thank you, Madeleine.

turn 2 : Implies that the speaker is asking for the other person's opinion about the political implications of the current situation.

turn 2 : "Well, both candidates have stumped a lot in Michigan, and is either candidate getting more traction?" - This turn has a literal meaning and is also used with its actual meaning.

turn 2 : The literal meaning of turn (2) is a question asking what the speaker can add to the race that other candidates do not already have. However, the actual meaning is that the speaker is being challenged to prove their value and justify their entry into the race. The literal meaning of the turn does not reflect the underlying challenge and skepticism expressed by the speaker.

turn 2 : The actual meaning of the turn is different from its literal meaning. The turn is using a hypothetical scenario to explain how a narrow victory in the upcoming election could be possible based on current polling data.

turn 2 : In turn (4), the actual meaning is that both sides are downplaying their chances of success in the debate, even though they may privately believe that they will perform better than the other side. The implied meaning is that both sides are likely overestimating their own abilities and underestimating their opponent's abilities, and that the outcome of the debate may be more uncertain than either side is willing to admit.


Thank you, Madeleine.

turn 3 : (4). While the literal meaning of the turn is that President Obama will be somewhere, the actual meaning is unclear without further context. It is possible that the speaker is asking whether the person they are speaking to wants President Obama to make a statement or take action regarding Sandy's situation, but this is not explicitly stated.

turn 3 : The actual meaning of the turn is different from its literal meaning. The turn is using a hypothetical scenario to explain how a narrow victory in the upcoming election could be possible based on current polling data.

turn 3 : The actual meaning of turn 3 is that Bernie Sanders has gained popular support and this popular support should be taken into account rather than just looking at the math.

turn 3 : "I mean, first of all, you can see it in the amount of - number of times that the president talks about this, that candidate Mitt Romney talks about this, as well as across the board." - This turn uses a metaphorical meaning of "see it" to refer to observing the frequency of politicians discussing climate change, rather than literally seeing it.

turn 3 : "But generally, the average of the reputable polls has been showing Obama steadily in front since about mid-June and picking up some momentum in the last two or three weeks." - This turn has a literal meaning and is also used with its actual meaning.


So you show pictures of people who play with kittens but also behead human beings?

Absolutely. It's a very strange contrast, but you'll see them behaving in very normal ways. Then you also see them participating in this awful violence.

Social media platforms are private companies. Why don't they just shut them down?

The problem is the companies don't really want to do thought policing. Open displays of violence, threats of violence against other people oftentimes get these accounts thrown off-line. But beyond that, it's very tough because who's to say one person's thoughts or ideas should render them thrown off the platform versus another?

turn 0 : None . There's nothing in this that implies anything.

turn 0 : None , I do not believe there is any here


Yeah.

The Land O' Lakes butter box - there's a Native American on that. And an informal poll of people taken around here suggests a lot of people don't even see her.

Well, she's in your refrigerator. And God knows what she's doing at night. I never look closely at it myself. I do buy that brand. And when you look at it closely, what you see is she's kneeling. And she's holding the box that she's in. And so it recedes into infinity. In other words, you know, in that box, you see her again and again and again. So it's this amazing combination of American identity, a generic Indian with really brilliant graphic design that, you know, you don't really notice. But I really do think she's up to something at night in the refrigerator.

(Laughter) I'll check. Is it offensive?

turn 1 : Some people do not notice the Native American on the Land O' Lakes butter box.

turn 1 : The food in a region is influenced by its religion and proximity to other countries.

turn 1 : stew of ingredients implies that the people that live there come from varying backgrounds

turn 1 : B is asking about the impact of Nebraska's land on its residents, not just its geographical features.


Yeah.

(Laughter) I'll check. Is it offensive?

turn 2 : A: "And God knows what she's doing at night." - This is a figurative expression that means the speaker imagines or wonders what the Native American figure on the Land O' Lakes butter box is doing when no one is looking, rather than actually believing that she is doing something.

turn 2 : There are no idiomatic expressions or figurative language in this turn.

turn 2 : Literal meaning: A is describing how people in the house woke up early and were free to start their day as they pleased. Actual meaning: The actual meaning is the same as the literal meaning.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be hinting at a deeper meaning or intention behind their words or actions, which requires further investigation or understanding to fully grasp.

turn 2 : (3) is a sign of amusement, indicating the speaker was laughing at the metaphor.


Yeah.

(Laughter) I'll check. Is it offensive?

turn 3 : (3) is a sign of amusement, indicating the speaker was laughing at the metaphor.

turn 3 : B: "(Laughter) I'll check." - This is an expression of amusement that does not actually mean the speaker will check if the Native American figure on the butter box is offensive or not.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of (3) and (4) is that A and B are laughing, but their actual meaning is that A and B are joking with each other.

turn 3 : (1) "B: (Laughter)." This turn implies that B found something funny or amusing, but it does not provide any literal information or statement.


Well, it's unclear. But at least the Department of Health and Human Services is saying that the Affordable Care Act will stand as this works its way through courts. And the funny thing is today is the final day for. . .

Yes.

. . . Open enrollment for next year for people to get insurance. And on the website healthcare. gov, there's actually a banner that says, this decision doesn't change open enrollment for now.

What about political repercussions?

And that's a more complicated thing.

turn 0 : The state of California is in financial trouble and may not be able to pay its employees or meet its financial obligations

turn 0 : The Justice Department position is that preexisting conditions should not be protected

turn 0 : Despite the court case, people can still enroll for insurance

turn 0 : (1) A: The speaker implies that the lack of certainty from Congress regarding support for insurance premiums for lower income people is causing instability in the individual insurance markets, which is leading insurance companies to price their policies very high.

turn 0 : The implied meaning of this turn is that the implementation of the ACA has not achieved its goals as intended, as evidenced by the fact that many states have opted out of Medicaid, leaving many people uninsured and leading to an increasing number of rural hospital closures.


Yes.

What about political repercussions?

And that's a more complicated thing.

turn 0 : The Affordable Care Act will remain in place despite the uncertainty surrounding it.

turn 0 : The Affordable Care Act is being challenged by Republicans.

turn 0 : President Trump is taking actions to repeal Affordable Care Act

turn 0 : The recession will not have a quick recovery

turn 0 : "it's not just a discrete program in and of itself" This turn means that the Affordable Care Act is not a standalone program, but it also affects other government programs, indicating a metaphorical meaning of "discrete," which means separate or distinct.


Yes.

What about political repercussions?

And that's a more complicated thing.

turn 2 : It is being implied that it will be difficult to proceed to court.

turn 2 : Case is a legal judgement that will take place before a judge.

turn 2 : The court case has not affected the open enrollment period

turn 2 : A court decision may eliminate protections for people with preexisting conditions

turn 2 : Race may not be used by some big states in college admissions.


Yeah.

. . . Or if you're sad about the way it ended but also want to be outside at the same time, not in front of a TV, this is the perfect time to pick up "Wolf Hall. "Now, I know. . .

A throwback.

. . . That sounds a little crazy. But - it's a throwback, but remember, the third one is coming out in 2020, in March of 2020. They just announced it.

turn 2 : It's implying that it resembles something old that was discarded and now returned.

turn 2 : The actual meaning was differ from the original meaning that is the right answer

turn 2 : old school in this context means that they are using something from decades ago or talking about it

turn 2 : I see means in this context I understand


We don't know the why. We do know the effect. It bears a striking resemblance to the Jim Crow literacy tests. I mean, it's 43 questions ranging from geography to culture to agriculture. I would challenge any citizen of any state in Georgia to pass a test of 43 questions about their state.

So before we let you go, could you just describe for people, you know, what it is - because some people might not find it upsetting. They say, well, you know, maybe they're just trying to determine whether the residents of Puerto Rico who have moved are really from Puerto Rico as opposed to from some other Spanish-speaking place. Could you just describe for people again why this - in your view, this violates the law and is offensive?

Well, Puerto Rican American citizens have the same right to transfer their lives, move to another state and have a driver's license as Texans or Ohioans. It's a matter of federal law. It's a matter of the federal Constitution. And Puerto Rican citizens in Georgia are subject to a different set of rules that are much more restrictive.

That's Gerry Weber. He's a senior attorney at the Southern Center. He's also a professor at Emory University School of Law.

turn 0 :  (2) Implied meaning is that the test isn't necessarily indicative of racism, even if it appears to measure it.

turn 0 : The trivia questions asked by the inspector were discriminatory towards Puerto Ricans.

turn 0 : The 43-question test is discriminatory and reminiscent of Jim Crow laws

turn 0 : This implies the level of Racial discrimination on Campuses.


So we hear that a lot. We hear employees being congratulated for working 24/7, which now we know is the cognitive equivalent of coming to work drunk. But it's changing. We are now in this amazing transition period where more and more companies are beginning to realize that living like that and working like that has actually terrible consequences, not just on the health and productivity of their employees but also on their bottom line.

You talk about sleep as a basic human right that we have not ranked alongside, you know, the right not to go hungry, the right to freedom of expression, that sort of thing.

Yes, and what is interesting is that it's a right that has been violated both in workplaces where employees have been expected to be perpetually on, especially since the advent of the smartphone, but also which is constantly violated by us because we have so minimized the importance of sleep. So that basic human right that you mention is often violated by us.

We can't do an interview with Arianna Huffington at this point and not ask about the 2016 presidential campaign. And I will point out Donald Trump says he just gets by on about four hours of sleep a night. Any reaction to that?

turn 2 : Turn 4 has an implied meaning that conveys a sense of irony or humor. While the speaker's comment is framed as a joke and elicits laughter from their conversation partner, it also carries a serious message about the importance of getting enough sleep.

turn 2 : (4): Implied meaning: Advising to not waste energy in trying to convince people who are negative about unknown normal things, since it is not possible to change their mindset.

turn 2 : (3) Implies that people have become so used to not prioritizing sleep that they are violating their own basic human right.

turn 2 : This turn does not mean that the speaker is proposing to explain that they slept in motels, but rather that they are suggesting to mention it as an additional piece of information to the conversation, which is a different meaning than the literal one.

turn 2 : 'B' is asking what 'A' is worried about, not whether or not these things keep him literally awake during the night.


turn 3 : A suggests that Trump's behavior is predictable in certain ways.

turn 3 : This implies that people are already curious to know how A intends to defeat Trump.

turn 3 : (4) Indicates that the speaker would use passive-aggressive tactics to undermine Donald Trump's confidence.

turn 3 : (4) Implies that Donald Trump's disregard for sleep is unwise and potentially detrimental.

turn 3 : (4): Implied meaning: Advising to not waste energy in trying to convince people who are negative about unknown normal things, since it is not possible to change their mindset.


There is a famous case called the Kenneth Parks case in which he zones out and kills his father-in-law and almost kills his mother-in-law. After looking into his history, we find that he had a history of sleepwalking. And the case is referred to as homicidal somnambulism, meaning homicide while sleepwalking.

The Miami Herald profiled you this past week, which is where we heard about your class. And you had some advice for those of us fearing the coming zombie apocalypse. And I count myself among them. So how should we survive?

(Laughter) OK. So if a zombie apocalypse hits, you'll need food and water, shelter and, of course, ammunition to fight off the zombie attack. And the place that I can think of that would have plenty of it and a lot of space for you to move around is Walmart. So I often tell people, go to Walmart. Hunker down. And fight it out for as long as you can.

Eric Smaw, a professor of philosophy at Rollins College in Florida. Happy Halloween. And thanks so much.

turn 1 : the literal meaning is that the other person laughs in response to something that was said.

turn 1 : He jokes to the person that he can be seen and found everywhere all the time.

turn 1 : A finds something amusing but doesn't want to explain why.

turn 1 : A is trying to add some humor to the conversation

turn 1 : He is just trying to get people to laugh around Halloween by telling a joke.


Thanks so much for having me.

I think a lot of people are wondering how could it be that the families of people who are serving their country in the U. S.  armed forces need food assistance.

So when you come into the military, that compensation system has not kept up with how the force has changed and how military families have changed. You're no longer looking at, say, a 17 or 18 year old kid right out of high school with no family who's receiving that base-level pay, right?You're looking at, say, somebody in their late 20s who might have a couple of kids. Well, that income compared to his family size or her family size puts them at a place where they qualify for this food assistance.

What would the change in, as you see it, SNAP benefits mean for military families that receive that kind of assistance?

turn 2 :  A is explaining that the compensation system in the military has not kept up with the changing demographics of the military families. The literal meaning of the words is that military families with larger family sizes qualify for food assistance because their income is not sufficient. However, the implied meaning is that the military compensation system needs to be adjusted to match the changing demographics of the military families.

turn 2 : (3) is different from its literal meaning. While the speaker is describing the vulnerability of women and children in a humanitarian crisis, the implied meaning is that despite the significant amount of funding provided in 2017, the situation has worsened in 2018 and there is still a critical need for aid.

turn 2 : Military families are a significant source of income.

turn 2 : In turn (3), the speaker says "You can achieve limited political objectives with support for the opposition and limited military force. But the ultimate political objective of regime change takes a lot more than we have been prepared to do." The literal meaning of this turn is that achieving limited political objectives requires some support for the opposition and limited military force, while achieving the ultimate political objective of regime change requires more effort than what has been done so far.

turn 2 : Basically, when we haven't got enough money, we have to decide who's not going to get food."  The actual meaning implied in this turn is: "Essentially, when we lack sufficient funds, we need to determine which individuals will not receive food."


That's the unmistakable voice of Faith Evans, known as the first lady of hip hop. At 35 years old, she's been through more than most folks will in their entire life. Faith was raised by her grandparents in a house full of children, foster children, and other relatives. By the age of four, she found her first adoring audience in her church.

By 15, she was climbing out of her bedroom window to go learn how to record and mix music. Three years after that, Faith was a college dropout, a songwriter, a single mother, and a survivor of a brutal and abusive relationship. By 24, she was a successful singer and a widow.

Now, Faith Evans is telling all in her memoir, "Keep the Faith," starting with the death of her estranged husband, the rapper Notorious B. I. G.

Basically, my life was changed in a matter of seconds. I mean, I think that's pretty much how I did sum in up in the intro, I mean, before I even described what I was doing and you know, what he was doing.

turn 1 : how she became herself implies the story of her discovery and success

turn 1 : This statement implies that the actress was able to achieve a lot in her dedication to her craft and her desire to explore different roles in 53 years life.

turn 1 : She creates lines of written work in stories that sound good and have a great deal of emotion. Also, the way she writes her stories has a great deal of meaning.

turn 1 : She was able to rise above her difficult circumstances and become a successful artist despite her hardships.

turn 1 : She wrote very close to what happened in her own life.


Well, I've said for a long time that I think the president needs an assistant to the president for Twitter control. And once again, we have an example of why you would want that. In this case though, I have to say, when I first read the tweet, you know, you're just shocked. I was shocked at the the mayor's speech last night begging for help and saying that people were dying. That was heartbreaking to hear. But this feels to me like it fits in a theme that he has had for a while starting with his inaugural, which is to side on the side of the forgotten people. In this case, he names the military, the first responders and the aid workers.

Yeah. But nobody feels more forgotten than the people of Puerto Rico.

And - yeah. I was gonna say, and the people of Puerto Rico - versus what he sees as the elite, which would be the mayor and questioning the mayor's poor leadership ability - can't get workers to help, was told to be nasty to Donald Trump is in the tweet also. And this fits with his M. O. of going against the elites. And this fits with the rest of the news this week as well. I'm not surprised.

Is the Trump administration failing Puerto Rico now?

turn 0 : The president may be lying about not being informed

turn 0 : Trump's executive order may not be achieving anything new.

turn 0 : The president is trying to prioritize the needs of those who have been forgotten by society.

turn 0 : Obama wants to make sure that money is not spent on things that are not needed.

turn 0 : Congress and the president are not working at the moment.


turn 1 : The president was showing a lack of seriousness for the Puerto Rican crisis.

turn 1 : The president's attitude towards Puerto Rico and their debt crisis was dismissive and uncaring.

turn 1 : The president may not have been as sympathetic to Puerto Rico's situation as he was to Texas and Florida.

turn 1 : The President's remarks suggested that he was not taking Puerto Rico's plight as seriously as he did other disaster areas.

turn 1 : The speaker is implying that the people of Puerto Rico feel forgotten and neglected by the Trump administration.


I'm Farai Chideya, and this is News & Notes.

Singer Jennifer Hudson won an Academy Award for her role in "DreamGirls. "But in the last week, her family life has become the stuff of nightmares. Some people now say neighbors should have done more. Did Hudson's family try in vain to distance itself from the man who's now a person of interest in the case?Plus, a federal judge in Missouri blocked part of a new law designed to keep sex offenders away from kids on Halloween.

We'll take a look at these cases with Judge Lynn Toler. She's the start of TV's "Divorce Court" and the author of "My Mother's Rules: A Practical Guide to Becoming an Emotional Genius. "Hi, Judge Toler.

Hi, Farai. How are you?

turn 1 : when someone says "far from it" they mean it isn't the case or its not what was implied

turn 1 : to distance away from something in this context means to ignore or to shy away from something that happened, usually bad

turn 1 : drove out in this context means to scare someone away

turn 1 : "hiding in plain sight" - this is a figurative expression meaning that someone is trying to remain inconspicuous while being in an obvious location.

turn 1 : Implied meaning: The speaker is subtly suggesting that the other person is being unreasonable or unrealistic in their expectations or demands.


Hi, Lulu.

All right. Do Democrats have a strategy here?

They thought they had one. Remember; the mantra before the election was that Trump's world would change because the House of Representatives would have subpoena power. But now we're finding out, what if they issued a subpoena and no one came?I don't think that the House anticipated that he would really stiff them across the board. And in some ways, the very idea of Congress holding oversight over the executive branch is being challenged.

So this is a combination of Bill Barr, the attorney general's, long-standing belief in a very strong executive. He really doesn't think Congress should be investigating the president. And that fits nicely with Trump's, really, lifelong instinct, which is if you're not fighting, you're losing. He also doesn't want the exposure and the optics of having Mueller testify before the cameras. And, of course, he has a career-long history of litigiousness - take his enemies to court, cost them some money and, above all, run out the clock.

All right, so what can the Democrats do then?

turn 3 : The actual meaning of (3) is that Mr. Mitchell stopped the clocks at 12 o'clock to make it easier for people to recognize that the clock was broken, as they would immediately notice that it was stopped at 12 o'clock, rather than at any other time.

turn 3 : "Run out the clock" is not literal. There is no actual clock here, as in sports. Instead, it refers to delaying tactics where the "clock" would be the remainder of his time in office.

turn 3 :  "running mate" - This is a metaphorical expression that means a person who is chosen to run for office with a presidential candidate.

turn 3 :  Implied meaning: Is there space for Chris Christie to enter the presidential race and has he made a mistake by attending the Cowboys-Lions game?


Yeah. Then we got to get to gambling. How did that enter your life?

Oh, man. By the time my body broke - my body literally broke from overuse. It broke from not sleeping. It broke from not eating. The only thing I turned to that brought me some sort of feeling was gambling. And so every cent that I made from a particular date until another date, probably for, like, 6 years, went to casinos. And it was hard to write about that. It was harder to write about that than it was to write about different forms of abuse that I talked about in that book.

Because you were implicated in this in a way. You're the victim in one, and you're the, in a sense, the perpetrator in the gambling.

Well, I'm definitely the perpetrator, but in my family, you know, I think because I am from Mississippi and so much of Mississippi black labor has been taken from us, I think there's a shame when we show people and tell people that the money that we are able to make we aren't able to keep - right?- and especially if it's tied to a kind of, like, mental illness. So I started to understand halfway through my gambling addiction that I wasn't going to the casino to win, though I told myself that's exactly what I was going to do. I was going to creatively lose as much as possible. I wanted to drive back home that two hours feeling absolutely like trash.

turn 0 : I was broke implies being financially bankrupt and not implying having broken bones

turn 0 : "dead broke" - This means that they had no money, rather than literally being physically broken or dead.

turn 0 : broke implies having bodily injury and not referring to being financially ruined

turn 0 : Using "dead broke" to mean completely out of money is a non-literal meaning.

turn 0 : financially "pinched" implies the money situation is painful