That's right.

turn 3 : : But from what I've read on our blog, not everybody thinks the black history month is a good idea. (The literal meaning is that there are people who don't believe in celebrating Black History Month. The actual meaning is that there is debate and differing opinions within the black community about the significance and effectiveness of Black History Month.)

turn 3 : black people  implies African American people and not black color humans beings

turn 3 : The actual meanings of these turns are: (2) Martin Luther King was killed by a white assassin; (3) America doesn't understand or appreciate the contributions of black leaders during Reconstruction; (4) America's history of racism and white supremacy has been ignored or minimized for many decades.

turn 3 : A's turn: "the message boards are lit up with people saying that people who are speaking out against white supremacy, including myself, should be taken care of, whatever that means."

turn 3 : The speaker is worried that their work may contribute to the stereotype that black people are oversexualized.


Hey, Lulu.

For those of you who love esports, bear with us. But there is a segment, I'm sure, among our listeners who don't know what esports is. So tell us, what is it?

It's basically people that play video games competitively. It's more than just your son or daughter sitting in their basement playing video games. Last year, Madison Square Garden sold out two nights in a row. Tickets cost about $50 in order to watch a video gaming competition.

So let's talk about esports, the business of esports. It's been described as the next big thing. How big is the sport right now?How big do you think it could get?

turn 1 : Implied meaning: The speaker is trying to indirectly communicate a message or request to the listener.

turn 1 : In (1), the speaker is saying that the potential for esports is huge because the typical viewers and players are young males who do not watch traditional television. The literal meaning is straightforward, but the implied meaning is that traditional forms of media are becoming less relevant to younger generations, which is an important factor in the growth potential of esports.

turn 1 : This is an expression of agreement, but it also implies that the speaker is willing to continue the discussion.

turn 1 : The actual meanings of (1) and (3) are different from their literal meanings. In (1), the speaker is implying that he would be prejudiced against a Green Bay Packers fan, rather than simply picking on them

turn 1 : (2) is different from its literal meaning. While the speaker asks the listeners to bear with them, they are not actually asking for the listeners to tolerate or endure anything difficult or unpleasant. Instead, the speaker is acknowledging that not all listeners may be familiar with esports and is asking for patience as they explain what it is.


The problem is 90 percent of space in our military is in the Air Force. So what we're basically going to be doing is taking the current infrastructure - for example, Space Command in Colorado Springs will become the headquarters for the Space Corps. We're talking about taking the people that we need to take that deal with space and segregating them into a culture that appreciates them.

The Air Force has pushed back on this. The Air Force Secretary Heather Wilson said, quote, "the Pentagon is complicated enough. This will make it more complex, add more boxes to the organization chart and cost more money. "Is she wrong?

She's absolutely wrong. The bureaucracy is always going to fight reform - always, especially the Pentagon. They're fighting this because they don't want Congress meddling. You know, what I've told her is, in 16 years, the Air Force has not changed a thing. And they've got us in this situation now where Russia and China have become near peers. They're close to surpassing us. What we're proposing would change that.

I think what some people would say is that we are cooperating with the Russians on the International Space Station. Should space be the new frontier of warfare, or should it actually be a place where, indeed, these cooperations flourish?After all, we are all on one planet.

turn 0 : Working on a space mission is a fulfilling experience

turn 0 : Being the dominant power in space can deter others from challenging us in that domain.

turn 0 : Military interventions often escalate beyond their original scope.

turn 0 : "segregating them into a culture that appreciates them" - This phrase implies that currently the people who deal with space in the military are not appreciated or valued, and that by creating a separate "Space Corps" culture, they will receive the recognition and resources they need to excel in their work.


turn 1 : Military interventions often escalate beyond their original scope.

turn 1 : "make a military career" - this means pursuing a long-term career in the military, not literally constructing a military career.

turn 1 : "add more boxes to the organization chart" - This phrase implies that creating a new branch of the military focused on space would not only make the military more complex, but also increase its bureaucracy by adding more layers of hierarchy and management.

turn 1 : Russia will try to get more people to join the military together.

turn 1 : The military is associated with masculinity and force as a solution.


turn 2 : Democrats are trying to limit the President's power to take military action without approval from Congress.

turn 2 : (2) - The actual meaning is that the Trump administration is facing criticism for their use of private jets, which goes against their promise to "drain the swamp" and reduce government corruption.

turn 2 : Congress is not doing its job and is passing their responsibilities to the president who then abuses his power

turn 2 : The Mexican government is constantly communicating things about the army in all ways that they can.

turn 2 : "They're fighting this because they don't want Congress meddling" - This phrase implies that the Pentagon is resisting the proposed changes to the military because they want to maintain their own control and autonomy, and they are concerned that Congress may interfere with their operations.


turn 3 : The implication of this statement is that the scientific community needs to come together and use their collective power to push for change.

turn 3 : Being the dominant power in space can deter others from challenging us in that domain.

turn 3 : implies asking for an opinion on Russia's ambitions.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: What topics will be discussed at the summit?

turn 3 : "Should space be the new frontier of warfare, or should it actually be a place where, indeed, these cooperations flourish?" - This phrase implies that there is a debate over whether space should be viewed as a potential battlefield, or as a place where nations can work together peacefully and collaboratively on scientific and exploratory projects.


(Laughter) There might be. You know, they're a team that plays an entertaining brand of hockey. Their head coach, John Tortorella, is entertainment in and of himself, sometimes a blustery, yelling guy. So there is something scrappy about this team. And there's also something scrappy about this franchise. They've been around for a very long time, and this is the first time that they've even won three games in a playoff series.

Can they keep this going?

I think so. There's no reason that this team can't beat anybody if they can beat one of the single greatest hockey teams in the regular season that the NHL has ever seen in over a hundred years.

Greg Wyshynski is senior NHL writer for ESPN and co-host for the fantastically named Puck Soup podcast. Thank you for speaking with us.

turn 0 : Turn (1) has an example of a phrase whose actual meaning is different from its literal meaning. When the speaker says "their head coach, John Tortorella, is entertainment in and of himself," they mean that John Tortorella is very entertaining to watch or listen to, rather than that he is a form of media or content.

turn 0 : The turn (1) "holding our neighbors hostage and making them watch 10,000 slides from our family vacation" is an example of figurative language and its actual meaning is not literal. The speaker is using exaggeration to emphasize how people have always had a desire to share their experiences with others, even if it means subjecting them to boring slideshows.

turn 0 : All the turns in this conversation appear to have their literal meanings, and there are no metaphors, figurative language or idioms used.

turn 0 : (1) "Right." This turn does not convey any literal meaning, but it serves as a signal that the listener is following the speaker's train of thought and agrees with what has been said. It is a type of backchanneling, which is a signal that the listener is actively listening and engaged in the conversation.

turn 0 : (1) The implied meaning is that the speaker has encountered some subtle differences in language between American and British audiences while performing, which has been challenging but also rewarding.


I have - I guess it's a practical question because I'm remembering a number of executions that were stalled because there's been this shortage of drugs available to carry out executions. Has that changed?

It has not changed. But Attorney General Bill Barr says the Justice Department no longer wants to use that three-drug cocktail. Instead, he says, Justice is going to follow the protocol already deployed by states like Georgia and Texas. They use just one of those drugs. And Bill Barr says that method has been upheld by federal courts already, so he says it's not out of line with the Eighth Amendment ban on cruel and unusual punishment.

And, Carrie, this decision by the federal government would seemed to run counter to what we're actually watching happen in a number of states, isn't that right?

Exactly. Across the country, the population on death row in states has been shrinking for many years. There were just 25 executions last year. They seem to happen more often in southern states. And the Justice Department says it now takes on average more than 20 years between a state death sentence and an actual execution. So in many states, people are dying of natural causes before they can be executed.

turn 2 : This statement implies that the situation is unpredictable and confusing for many people.

turn 2 :  In turn 3, A is referring to the statistic's number as an "alarm bell" to signify that something might be wrong with the image.

turn 2 : to run counter with something means that the opposite of what was predicted to happen actually happened despite the circumstances

turn 2 : The story was told to people and many became aware of it.

turn 2 : how it play out implies the final result of a thing or series of things that happened


I think it's a story that can stick with you for many different reasons. If you leave a film, if you put down a book, and there is something that you didn't know before or something that has informed you about the world you live in that you care about but you didn't know before - if you can walk away from any kind of story with that, I think that's the goal of storytelling. I believe this is a film that does that.

And so that's what I love about this film - is it really has moved people. And it's become more, I think, socially important today than it was when we made it. There's been a lot more attention being given to Indigenous and Native American people within our country since we made the film. And there is also this whole epidemic that every day, we're learning more about men in power and sexual assault. And those are what this film is about in a very specific story.

Elizabeth Olson, speaking with us from Atlanta. Thanks so much for being with us.

Thanks for having me.

turn 2 : Thank you so much for speaking with us." - The literal meaning is the speaker thanking the person for speaking with them, and the implied meaning is likely just gratitude and appreciation.

turn 2 : The turn in (3) has an implied meaning of appreciation rather than a literal meaning of thanks.

turn 2 : The literal meaning of (3) is "Thank you for speaking with us from Atlanta."  The actual meaning is "Thank you for your time and input."

turn 2 : The actual meaning of turn 3 is "Thank you for joining us and providing information on the topic."

turn 2 : the literal and actual meanings are the same. The speakers are simply exchanging pleasantries and expressing gratitude for the conversation


Thanks for having me.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be using subtext or implications to communicate something that they don't feel comfortable saying outright, but the listener may need to read between the lines to understand their true meaning.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be hinting at something indirectly and expects the listener to understand the intended message.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker is hinting at something indirectly and expects the listener to read between the lines.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be hinting at a deeper meaning or intention behind their words or actions, which requires further investigation or understanding to fully grasp.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker is making a subtle suggestion or insinuation that others may pick up on, but without being too direct or forceful.


Thanks for having me.

turn 3 :  A: "Thanks, really, for having me." - The literal meaning of this turn is an expression of gratitude for being invited to participate. The actual meaning is that the speaker appreciates the opportunity to share their knowledge and expertise on the topic at hand.

turn 3 : Thank you so much for having me." - The literal meaning is the speaker thanking the host for having them, and the implied meaning is likely just gratitude and politeness.

turn 3 : The actual meaning of turn 4 is "You are welcome and appreciated for joining us and discussing the topic."

turn 3 :  The literal meaning of (4) is "Thanks for having me."  The actual meaning is "Thank you for the opportunity."

turn 3 :  (4) - Implied meaning: I am very grateful for the opportunities I have been given at my age.


I'm bullish on it. It's a big change. We're working through all the challenges. One challenge is for creators. They use Instagram to make a living. Likes are a sign of how relevant they are, so we have to figure out some way to make sure we preserve that.

You're talking about influencers. Right?I mean, there are people who now essentially make a living off of their social media presence. And the way they show potential advertisers - look, I'm a good bet - is how many likes I get.

Absolutely. We've actually had a pretty mixed response from influencers. So I think - I'm optimistic to answer your question very directly. We aren't there yet. We're still iterating on the experience. But I am personally optimistic and really personally invested in making it work.

So the boss is bullish. (Laughter) That's the take so far.

turn 0 : The person is thinking of a particular person but they are not going to say who.

turn 0 : You do not actually enter the person's heart or mind, it means that you start to understand their perspective

turn 0 : The speaker disagrees with the other person's argument.

turn 0 : The person refuses to change their mind on what they think about the situation.

turn 0 : The person thinks that the situation will come to an end with both sides negotiating with one another. There is no game or table.


turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker anticipates that the conversation with the boss will be negative or unpleasant based on the boss's tone.

turn 3 : The boss refuses to change their mind on what they think about situation.

turn 3 : don't see something in a certain way in this context is that they don't agree with something, or they don't fully understand the given situation.

turn 3 : They are asking if the person watches over other's actions and controls them.

turn 3 : His work is odd and seen as very different from what people normally do and/or expect.


Good morning.

The White House - rather, the House and the Senate worked out the differences between their tax bills. What are some of the highlights of this final legislation?

There are big cuts for corporations in here, also for pass-through businesses, where owners pay taxes as an individual. There are individual tax cuts. Those by and large go more toward wealthy earners. And those tax cuts will expire in 2025. But Republicans made a calculation here that whoever's in control of Congress next decade will not be super thrilled to raise taxes on a lot of voters. So that's that.

I think it's worth noting that Republicans all along sold this as not just tax cuts but a simplification of the tax code. You heard President Trump and House Speaker Paul Ryan say, you can file your taxes on a postcard. By and large, they did not simplify the tax code here. There are still seven brackets. There's still a lot of deductions, a lot of loopholes, a lot of language. So. . .

Five hundred pages.

turn 4 : Both A and B agree that the tax bill is not popular

turn 4 : (5) - The speaker is implying that the tax bill was hastily and carelessly put together, even though it was actually thoroughly worked on.

turn 4 : This implies that there's a lot of deduction or loopholes in the tax code.

turn 4 : Asking what financial benefits are being provided to certain individuals through the tax bill.


On Boylston Street. That's right.

And how close to the finish line are we talking about?

I believe it's just about a block and a half. But I don't have that right in front of me. I believe it's about a block and a half.

OK.  And we're obviously going to bring more details of - from ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I imagine your phone is ringing off the hook as you try to get more details as well. So Tovia Smith, anything - last word to leave with us on what we know about what happened in Boston?

turn 0 : The actual meaning was differ from the original meaning that is the right answer

turn 0 : A is not actually answering the question directly

turn 0 : B is asking A if he/she thought carefully before doing something.

turn 0 : you imply that something is the case


And then - yeah, Barack Obama has a sort of different place in the…

Sure.

…stratosphere.

He has political legitimacy in a way that neither Sharpton nor Jackson enjoy. Jesse Jackson was the lineman who get the ugly, brutal work in the trenches of American racial warfare to open up a space for Barack Obama to be graceful and nimble as he - as a running back, so speak, with the football, that the highest prize of American political life - hopefully, people who support him believe - the presidency of the United States, so he is able to run with that goal in mind with grace and aplomb because Jesse Jackson did the heavy lifting and brutal, nasty, bloody work, and others to be sure.

turn 2 : The implied meaning of this turn is that the speaker is a supporter of Obama and is not afraid to express it publicly, even if it goes against the expectations of his mother.

turn 2 :  "Frankly, they kind of overdo it, you know? So for blacks to support Obama, he's got to make up his mind. Is he African or American? Because he can't be both. That doesn't make sense." The literal meaning of this turn is that Obama cannot be both African and American, and that it is difficult for black people to support him. However, the actual meaning is that there is a sense of confusion and identity crisis regarding Obama's background, and that this confusion affects how some black people feel about him.

turn 2 : Despite facing insults and criticism, the writer encourages others to have hope and support Barack Obama's presidential campaign.

turn 2 : The phrase "stratosphere" is figurative language to describe the high level of esteem and respect that Obama has from the public.

turn 2 : thanking the NPR reporter, so it does not have a different actual meaning from its literal meaning.


Treasury will decide whether the auto industry deserves this $17. 4 billion in bailout funds, whether or not that loan should be called in or extended. What will happen between now and then?

Two things have to happen. First, the Treasury and the Obama administration have to make some key decisions about what a viable automaker looks like and whether GM or Chrysler fit that profile. There's a lot of debate about in a market of 10 million vehicles a year in the United States whether there's enough room for both of these companies to survive. On the other side, the automakers have to show that they're making progress on their plans.

We know that they're probably going to announce some deep job cuts and plant closures tomorrow. They have to make some more progress with bond holders, with suppliers, and dealers. There's a lot of moving pieces that keep going in through March 31st. And by that time, it's possible we'll have to see some very key decisions made.

Justine Hyde covers the auto industry for the Detroit Free Press. Thank you, Justin.

turn 2 : Turn (2) has an actual meaning that is different from its literal meaning. The speaker is not discussing an attempt to physically move goalposts, but rather a rhetorical strategy of avoiding answering certain questions.

turn 2 : 'Moving pieces' is not literal. They're not talking about game pieces, but about the situation being complex with a lot of factors involved.

turn 2 : The speaker is hinting that the situation is difficult or complex.

turn 2 : The actual meaning was differ from the original meaning that is the right answer


So I can't say anything definitive. But my understanding is that Mr.  Mueller basically laid out, here are the elements. As you read in the introduction, we can't conclude it wasn't obstruction, and we're essentially turning it over to Congress to look at that and, I must say, to the voters; ultimately, I think the voters in 2020 are going to be the people that decide what was right and wrong in this case.

Now, there was an interesting point in the press conference today with Attorney General Bill Barr. He defended his conclusion that there was no obstruction by pointing out that the president has at times been very cooperative in this investigation - he provided access to documents, he let his senior aides testify freely. Let me ask you, does that mean in your mind that the president could not have had a corrupt intent?

Well, I think, you know, he was sort of cherry-picking the evidence. We know, for example, that the president wanted to dismiss Mr.  Mueller, wanted to shut down the investigation, wanted Attorney General Sessions to unrecuse himself to take control of the situation. We know that when he first heard of the investigation, he leaned back in his chair and said, this could be the end of my presidency. And so I don't - I mean, clearly, there was cooperation. Although, on one of the very major aspects, the president refused to testify or his lawyers, anyway, refused to testify.

Do you think it was a mistake of Robert Mueller not to have subpoenaed the president to sit down for an interview?

turn 3 : (4) To be subpoenaed means to be compelled to testify in court or provide evidence.

turn 3 : demanding the documents, they have the materials to pin the witness down in the questioning. The literal meaning of this turn is explaining the different types of subpoenas used in investigations and how they are effective in obtaining witness testimony and documents.

turn 3 : The subpoena is a powerful tool to get the truth out of witnesses and to obtain documents that may be relevant to the investigation.

turn 3 : Turn (4): "subpoenaed the president to sit down for an interview" is an idiom that means legally compelling someone to appear and give testimony. It does not mean literally inviting someone to sit down for a friendly conversation.

turn 3 :  turn is asking about the use of subpoenas to compel witnesses to testify and whether they are a last resort or a negotiating tool. The actual meaning, however, is asking about the effectiveness and necessity of using subpoenas in congressional investigations.


You know, the liveliest speculation game in Washington right now is playing Rexit (ph), guessing the day that Rex Tillerson exits the Cabinet. He was first suggested to Bush - suggested by Bush officials. He was not a Trump crony. And the Bush officials had little use for Trump. And Tillerson was accepted by Trump despite the fact that he had little use for former Bush officials. So this was not a marriage made in heaven. And at the moment, it promises to be a mercifully brief marriage.

Bob Corker of Tennessee Senate, head of the Senate foreign relations committee, said, quote, "I think Secretary Tillerson, Secretary Mattis and chief of staff Kelly are those people that help separate our country from chaos. "That is not a ringing endorsement of executive leadership, is it?

No. And the question is, from whence cometh this chaos?Is it something that the president can't protect us from?Or is the chaos, in a sense, the responsibility of this palace guard because it's coming from inside the palace itself?

And president had dinner with military families, called in photographers and said, maybe it's the calm before the storm. And when he was asked why, he said, you'll find out. What do you make of this?

turn 3 : The literal meaning of (4) is that President Trump had dinner with military families, called in photographers and said that it may be "the calm before the storm". When asked why he said "you'll find out". The actual meaning of (4) is that President Trump is creating a sense of mystery and suspense, which implies that there may be something major yet to come.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of this turn is that the listener is being asked to visualize the scene of the Romney-Ryan announcement. However, the actual meaning is that the event is being presented as a carefully planned media spectacle designed to generate excitement and favorable media coverage.

turn 3 : (4). While the literal meaning of the turn is that President Obama will be somewhere, the actual meaning is unclear without further context. It is possible that the speaker is asking whether the person they are speaking to wants President Obama to make a statement or take action regarding Sandy's situation, but this is not explicitly stated.

turn 3 : Although the literal meaning of this turn is simply asking for a description of the current situation, the implied meaning behind it is that the speaker is expressing frustration or confusion about the conflicting messages they have heard from President Trump regarding the removal or retention of U.S. forces in Syria. It could be interpreted as a way of questioning the credibility of the information that has been provided so far and seeking clarification or a more definitive answer.


Thank you so much for having me.

And why'd you want to do that?

It really all started with her five-year portraits. I'd been searching everywhere for a new creative inspiration. And no matter where I looked, so many of the ideas for the how-tos of how to dress your little girl - dress like a Disney princess. And don't get me wrong - I love Disney princesses. But, you know, they're just characters, a writer's tale of a princess. And it really got me thinking about the real women for our girls to look up to.

Were you hoping that your daughter would ask questions like, well, who is this Amelia Earhart?

turn 3 : Baby William and his sister are adjusting well to their new family dynamic

turn 3 : She believes that child actors are like cattle to be used by others.

turn 3 : There can only be so many award winning, great movies out there for children.

turn 3 : She is not being put in a box. She means the roles people apply to her and her life.

turn 3 : ALL FATHERS WANT THEIR DAUGHTER TO BE LIKE DISNEY PRINCESSES BUT ITS JUST A CHARACTER NOT A REAL ONE


And I thought, well, I want to be black and not just any black, but the coolest black in the world. And that's American black, you know, it's - yeah, it is. Or, as you guys call them, African-American, which is funny because they're not African. But we'll play along because. . .

As Trevor Noah tours the country, he tweaks his routine for a new audience. Comedians, how do you translate your humor for different groups and different cultures?Give us a call: 800-989-8255. Email us: talk@npr. org. You can also join the conversation on our website. Go to npr. org, click on TALK OF THE NATION. Trevor Noah joins us here in a very hot tent at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival. Nice to have you with us today.

Thank you very much for having me.

And let me begin with the set up for a very old joke: How hot is it?

turn 0 : Despite our racial differences, we are all genetically African.

turn 0 : A faced racism from both white and black people due to his behavior and interests not aligning with stereotypes of his skin color.

turn 0 : The person being black is relevant to the conversation

turn 0 : A person wants to identify as cool, American black instead of African-American despite not being from Africa.

turn 0 : black kids implies children of African American people and not black colored kids


So the sport itself has given me countless opportunities. And for me, the reason why I'm so interested in doing this, it's sort of like my way of giving back, in a sense. You know, I'm going places with the javelin and it's helping me out and probably going to get me into a nice school. So why not give back?And I feel like if I have to do this research project at my school, why not do it on something that I like?

Yeah. I'm just going to guess you've heard from some people that know somebody who was injured by a javelin who've said there's no need for this sport?

Honestly, I haven't. I mean, I know there are some people that have gotten injured and there are people that are against the implementation of the event. But personally, I do not know anybody that has been injured.

You know, Mr.  Christensen, there are people listening around the country I'm sure might point out that it seems easier to buy a gun in South Carolina than to throw a javelin in high school.

turn 0 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be expressing frustration or dissatisfaction with their current experiences using crowdsourcing platforms like AMT and is looking for ways to improve their outcomes.

turn 0 : In (1), the speaker is saying that the potential for esports is huge because the typical viewers and players are young males who do not watch traditional television. The literal meaning is straightforward, but the implied meaning is that traditional forms of media are becoming less relevant to younger generations, which is an important factor in the growth potential of esports.

turn 0 : "it's sort of like my way of giving back" - The literal meaning is that the speaker sees the sport as an opportunity to give back to the community. The actual meaning is that the speaker wants to use their involvement in the sport to contribute to something meaningful, such as a research project.

turn 0 : The implied meaning is that the person hopes for interaction and engagement between individuals interested in building their family tree or learning about family research, and that they will come across unexpected articles and ideas, leading to interesting discussions and experiences on the site.

turn 0 : In this turn, the implied meaning goes beyond the literal meaning of "never took no for an answer." The speaker is highlighting the person's resilience and determination in the face of obstacles. It implies that despite facing rejection or setbacks, the person persisted and fought back, even using physical force if necessary.


turn 2 : In (3), when A says "I'll have to address that and the actual statistics behind it," the literal meaning would be that A will simply mention the statistics related to injuries caused by the javelin hitting someone. However, the implied meaning is that A will need to address the concerns of coaches regarding the safety of the javelin event and provide evidence to support the claim that the sport can be implemented safely.

turn 2 : The speaker suggests that many people are only interested in the Olympics for popular events

turn 2 : "there are people that are against the implementation of the event" - The literal meaning is that some people are against having the javelin event in competitions. The actual meaning is that there are some concerns about the safety of the sport, but the speaker does not personally know anyone who has been injured.

turn 2 : The speaker implies that there may be injuries, but they haven't been reported yet.

turn 2 : The speaker is reflecting on the declining interest in Olympics and questioning the reasons behind it.


turn 3 : In (4) the speaker is implying that the US has a higher level of tolerance for school shootings than for terrorism.

turn 3 : This statement implies the level of pessimism about the effectiveness of gun control measures given the large number of guns already in circulation in the country, and that most proposals for gun control won't make much of a difference..

turn 3 : "When you were 13 years old..." - This turn is not a question about the person's age when they started throwing the javelin, but rather a way for the speaker to express surprise or disbelief about the fact that the person started throwing at such a young age. The literal meaning of the turn is a simple question about the person's age, but the intended meaning is different, as it conveys a sense of amazement or disbelief.

turn 3 :  "it seems easier to buy a gun in South Carolina than to throw a javelin in high school" - The literal meaning is that it is easier to purchase a gun than to participate in a high school javelin competition in South Carolina. The actual meaning is that the regulations and restrictions for sports activities in high schools are more rigorous than those for purchasing firearms in the state.

turn 3 : (2) Implied meaning: While individuals should have the right to own firearms, it is not practical to suggest the mass confiscation of all firearms in the country.


(Singing) Wasting this life, I only want me and you.

I read that you think some of the melodies that you sing now remind you of powwow songs. Is there a song on this new album that sounds that way to you?

So one of the songs that comes to mind is "Going To The Beach With Haley. "

(Singing) I feel what I'm like with you.

turn 3 : The person thinks that the good feelings have lessened a bit.

turn 3 : you have a crush usually means that the person likes something or someone.

turn 3 : "I feel what I'm like with you" could mean "you make me feel happy or good"

turn 3 :  implies that the speaker is expressing gratitude for the other person's time and attention.

turn 3 : the literal and actual meanings are the same. The speakers are simply exchanging pleasantries and expressing gratitude for the conversation


Last week, Purdue Pharma and the Sacklers reached a tentative deal with thousands of plaintiffs over those lawsuits and - which would've paid up, I guess, $3 billion out of their personal fortune. Why did most state attorneys general reject that deal?

Well, what they say, basically, Scott, is that Purdue Pharma and the Sacklers aren't paying enough under this deal. They think the family is worth around $13 billion. That's the Forbes family - the magazine estimate. And the vast majority of that came from pushing really aggressively to turn OxyContin into a bestselling drug. So these AGs want members of the family to cough up more of what they describe as ill-gotten gains.

I will say the family sent an email to NPR this week. They said the deal on the table will drain a lot of their personal wealth and mean them giving up Purdue Pharma, this company that they own outright.

What is it that New York's attorney general and her team say they found?

turn 1 : The amount set aside for wages is insufficient.

turn 1 : financially "pinched" implies the money situation is painful

turn 1 : (3) implies that there is a possibility of further financial compensation beyond the previously approved payments, while

turn 1 : "to cough up more" implies to remit more payment

turn 1 : bunch of bad debt implies owing too many debts or inability to pay a lot of debts owed


turn 2 : Getting rich may not lead to a good life.

turn 2 : their own pockets implies that they were collecting money for themselves

turn 2 : money to burn implies being able to spend money as desired and unnecessarily.

turn 2 : The speaker wonders if the average person is also experiencing a similar change in circumstances from being wealthy to not wealthy, as opposed to just a select few.

turn 2 : "drain a lot of their personal wealth" implies to lose a lot of their personal wealth.


I don't know if I'm that much different than a journalist. I just - it's like a mystery that I want to solve that I think everybody's interested in solving. What has gone on and what is going on with Trump and his orbit of people he's dealt with over the years and ties to Russia and Ukraine and all these different matters?

Often when people are doing this kind of thing, they have fact checkers, and they have editors that go over their information, especially if you're a journalist. Do you have anyone that edits you or anyone that you work with that helps you verify the information?

There's some fact checking. But the interviews that I do, I publish them exactly as they're transcribed. I'm not writing an article, per se.

Can I ask you, has your shop - your restaurant, which is very well known here, helped you in your endeavor?Do people walk in to give you tips, try and contact you through that?

turn 1 :  Turn (2) implies that the speaker is looking for someone who is reasonable and easy to work with,

turn 1 :  (2) Implies that the speaker is asking if the person they are talking to has anyone that helps them verify the facts that they are gathering.

turn 1 : They are asking if the other person can help them to understand what they mean.

turn 1 : (3) implies that the speaker wants to know what the speaker observed,

turn 1 : The speaker is asking the other person to continue the conversation.


turn 3 :  implies that the interlocutor agrees with the previous statement and is encouraging the speaker to continue talking.

turn 3 :  (2) The implied meaning of this turn is that the speaker is curious to know what kind of help the two people provided each other with during their lunch time.

turn 3 :  implies that the speaker is expressing gratitude for the other person's time and attention.

turn 3 : (4) Implies that the speaker is asking if the restaurant that the person they are talking to owns has helped them in any way with their endeavours.

turn 3 : So you get a sense of how this whole thing is going. - This implies that the speaker wants the listener to understand the context and overall direction of the conversation.


You know, one of the things - you know, getting back to your book, "The National Team" - one of the things that your book makes clear and what some people frankly might find shocking is just how early these issues started for women's soccer. I mean, there's something almost like on every other page about this. I'll just read one one paragraph. (Reading) While each player on the men's team got a $10,000 bonus for qualifying for the 1990 World Cup, the women received only a couple of T-shirts for qualifying for the 1991 Women's World Cup. The shirts featured the logo of Budweiser, a U. S.  Soccer sponsor. The players sarcastically call them their $5,000 T-shirts.

(Laughter).

OK. I just, you know - how has this been justified through the years?

You have to admire the sense of humor that the players had about it. You know, I think it would be unfair to sit here and say that it hasn't improved. But U. S.  Soccer - the women's national team started in 1985. The players were given uniforms that were clearly, like, leftover men's uniforms. And?The players before the first ever U. S.  Women's National Team game were up the night before sewing and cutting their uniforms so they would fit.

turn 0 : The team faced challenges due to gender differences, but overcame them with unity and dedication.

turn 0 : Despite being a professional athlete, their income comes from sponsorship deals.

turn 0 : This statement implies that the Championship cannot be withdrawn because there's not tangible reason for such.

turn 0 : Despite being the champions, the female players were not given the same bonus as the male players, showing the inequality in the sport industry.

turn 0 :  The actual meaning of this turn is that professional athletes should take advantage of the opportunities they have and make the most of them, because they may not get the same opportunity again.


(Laughter).

turn 3 : The female players were not given proper uniforms, showing the lack of resources and support for the female national team.

turn 3 : The team faced challenges due to gender differences, but overcame them with unity and dedication.

turn 3 : The project gave the speaker more respect for the struggles of women around the world

turn 3 : The women are not running but they are trying to get elected.


I should remind Americans that, in Britain, the prime minister normally controls the agenda in Parliament. He was blocked yesterday. What was it like to be on the floor for yesterday's vote?

Well, it was exciting. I mean, the chamber the House of Commons - I often take Americans around it. It's very different from Congress or the Senate. It's very confrontational. There are seats facing opposite each other, so you get to shout at each other. But, of course, in this instance, the fight was between people sitting on the same benches. So you kind of shout across at each other. It's also a very small chamber, a very intimate chamber. So in that sense, it adds to the drama.

Well, Prime Minister Johnson said he would expel you rebels from the Conservative Party. Did that happen overnight?Are you no longer a member of the Conservative Party?

Yeah. He's been true to his word. I have lost what we call the whip. So we're not members of the Conservative Parliamentary Party, we're independent MPs, which has been forced on us rather than a choice made by us.

turn 1 : The House of Commons is a confrontational environment

turn 1 : The house is too crowded to have political arguments

turn 1 : Political conversations can be contentious and require preparation

turn 1 : The outcome of the parliamentary election is uncertain, and it is difficult to predict what will happen next

turn 1 : It is being implied that the leader made it difficult for the coalition.


turn 3 : Being expelled from the Conservative Party was not their choice

turn 3 : The implication is that the Republicans may have to use strong tactics to pass their agenda, even if it means having to pressure members of their own party.

turn 3 : Liberals in this place have socially conservative views.

turn 3 : implies a contrast between the two parties and the different ways that they conduct their caucuses.

turn 3 : Talking about contempt might not be a wise strategy for Democrats.


I asked Groff, who you will know from her own short story collection "Florida" and her novel "Fates And Furies" - I asked her how Nancy Hale went from someone with dozens and dozens of stories in The New Yorker to someone we forgot about.

You know, I don't know definitively. It's very hard to tell. I think part of it is that her stories are very quiet and very elegant, and she's possibly not fashionable at the moment - her style of writing. But I find her incredibly fascinating. She creates these lines that are full of a humming electricity. And her structures are so deep and so thoughtful that you don't really understand what you're reading until maybe a couple of days later when you realize exactly the craft that went into creating her short stories.

And they span the gamut. Some of them are highly lyrical. Other ones are satirical and very funny. So we did put together this collection of 25 short stories. They're all interesting in their own way. And you can sort of see the development of a writer over the course of decades.

Right. No, absolutely. You can feel - she's obviously, as you would expect, writing very different things than - in her later years than she was as a very young writer. How did you pick the stories that you landed on out of the many, many ones she wrote?

turn 0 : Nancy Hale is a person that has a great many different capabilities and interests.

turn 0 : Despite her domineering personality, she suffered from a lack

turn 0 : Nancy Hale became a person that people did not think of any longer.

turn 0 : She got the liver of a man that cares about others more than himself.


turn 1 : She hopes people find a way to read the book that she has written.

turn 1 : Writing through the woman's perspective is done to create mystery.

turn 1 : What she writes makes people feel comfortable in a way that reminds them of the past.

turn 1 : She began to act like and say things like the author, Virginia Woolf.

turn 1 : She creates lines of written work in stories that sound good and have a great deal of emotion. Also, the way she writes her stories has a great deal of meaning.


turn 2 : She wrote very close to what happened in her own life.

turn 2 : What she writes makes people feel comfortable in a way that reminds them of the past.

turn 2 : She hopes people find a way to read the book that she has written.

turn 2 : She writes a wide variety of stories and the lessons that she learns as a writer can be seen in her stories.

turn 2 : B wants to know more about the writer's personal journey, but also wants to understand how the writer's experiences may have shaped their writing


I just wonder if we could close by you just telling me a few things about Jason, what you remember most fondly about him.

When I think about Jason, I think about his smile. He was a beautiful child. And the worst thing about this whole situation is I know in my heart he shouldn't be dead. It is horrible that we lose the soldiers that we have to; it's a tragedy when we lose a soldier that we shouldn't have, and Jason shouldn't be dead.

Chris Scheuerman, talking about his son Jason, who committed suicide in Iraq in 2005. In the 13 months since we first talked, Chris has continued to advocate for suicide prevention in the military. He testified on Capitol Hill and recently spoke at a Department of Defense conference on suicide prevention. We asked the Army for a comment on Jason Scheuerman's case when we first aired this story, and this is the written statement they sent.

(Reading) The loss of any member of the Army family is a tragedy, and suicide prevention is a top priority for the U. S.  Army. The 2005 death of Private First Class Jason Scheuerman was investigated thoroughly by his unit and by the U. S.  Army Criminal Investigation Command. In fact, the Associated Press's story about his 2005 death is based on the Army's comprehensive investigations. We continue to work with and assist his family. We are continuously improving and adapting our training, intervention and support programs. The Army recognizes the importance of suicide prevention and is taking many steps to decrease those risks that may contribute to suicidal behavior. Our prevention efforts do help soldiers and their families deal with the wartime challenges they face every day.

turn 1 : The statement "I know in my heart he shouldn't be dead," actual meaning a deep sense of sadness and loss over Jason's death, and wishes that he were still alive.

turn 1 : Did his brother's death, in a sense, liberate him to seek a new identity, to travel, to get to know and reflect the world?  In this turn, the literal meaning would be asking if the brother's death physically freed him to pursue a new identity and travel. However, the implied meaning goes beyond the literal words and suggests whether the brother's death had a profound impact on the person's perspective and motivation, allowing them to explore new aspects of life and gain a deeper understanding of the world.

turn 1 : The actual meaning of (3) is, A is expressing a feeling of sadness and nostalgia over the loss of a loved one.

turn 1 : Someone wants to reveal the truth about Alan's background after his death.

turn 1 : Jason is frustrated and surprised by the length of time it is taking to restore power after the hurricane.


turn 3 : The literal meaning of this turn is that Secretary Kerry has been talking about the idea of a transitional government. The implied meaning is that Kerry is proposing a new government as a way to address the root of the conflict and end the fighting.

turn 3 : (3) The implied meaning is that there is a great sense of uncertainty and concern about what will happen next, and it's not clear whether the situation is still a political game or has escalated to military brinksmanship. The literal meaning is consistent with this implied meaning.

turn 3 : In turn (4), the statement suggests that despite the appearance of a positive sign, the comments from the British Foreign Secretary indicate that the situation is more challenging and difficult to resolve than it may seem. The literal meaning of the words may convey a positive outlook, but the implied meaning highlights the potential obstacles and complexities involved.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be hinting at a desire or need for help or support from the listener.

turn 3 : the literal meaning is that the Army is making ongoing efforts to improve its suicide prevention programs. However, the actual meaning is that the Army is acknowledging the problem of suicide in the military and attempting to address it, but it may not have been successful in preventing all cases of suicide.


My mother had a friend I called David in the essay. And he was a funny, charming man. And he always had clients around. He found them out of the state so they would live with him while they were going on auditions. And they seemed to have a lot of shirtless pictures of them around framed. That seemed to be the greatest bit of work that they did - were these shirtless pictures.

And each year, these boys would come and go, and they'd be between the ages of 12 and 16. And there was this feeling that my mother and I would sort of talk around. Is this weird?This is weird, right?No. No, it's David. It can't be weird. And I think there are a lot of people in Los Angeles dealing with that right now of people they have held in their heads where there's a little bit of a galvanic skin-crawly thing, but they also like this person.

Course, your article appeared as Anthony Rapp come forward with his charges against Kevin Spacey. Been a few more Kevin Spacey stories that have also come out since then. Without trying to judge the veracity of each and every story, what's the mix of ambition and vulnerability that makes child actors prey?

The same thing which puts women at risk in the business, which is economics. For children, there is a small window of opportunity in which a career is going to happen. You are not a child indefinitely. That makes people ripe for abuse.

turn 1 : (2) "Is this weird? This is weird, right?" - The speaker is not really asking if it is weird, but rather acknowledging that it is weird and trying to rationalize it by attributing it to their relationship with David.

turn 1 : So you get a sense of how this whole thing is going. - This implies that the speaker wants the listener to understand the context and overall direction of the conversation.

turn 1 : "Does that make any sense?" - The literal meaning of this question is asking if the previous statement is logically or grammatically correct. However, the actual meaning is that the speaker is questioning whether their statement was appropriate or relevant to the conversation.

turn 1 : Actually, I do. Many things have happened to me. I don't like the word paranormal. I like the word the unknown normal because that's what it really is.  In this turn, the speaker is not talking about feeling a special connection with Chopin, which is the literal meaning. Instead, they are talking about their experiences with the unknown or unexplained, and their preference for the term "unknown normal" instead of "paranormal".


turn 2 : And you have stars like Blake Lively, Jesse Eisenberg and others who are there, Steve Carell. And he says we should be hearing them asked what it's like to work with an alleged child molester - and by the way, those are his words, not mine - rather than asked, you know, what costumes were you wearing? How did you like your outfits? What was it like to work with this great director?"  Implicated meaning: The speaker suggests that instead of asking superficial questions about celebrities' appearance and experiences on set, it is important to inquire about their experiences working with someone who has been accused of being a child molester. By doing so, the focus would shift to addressing serious allegations and holding individuals accountable for their actions.

turn 2 : (3) "What's the mix of ambition and vulnerability that makes child actors prey?" - The speaker is not actually asking for a mix of qualities that make child actors vulnerable, but rather pointing out that child actors are often vulnerable to abuse and questioning the underlying factors that contribute to this vulnerability.

turn 2 : Implicated meaning: The speaker is expressing a desire to create a character in their book who is strong and believable, rather than simply creating a character who is physically strong. The implied meaning is that the speaker values depth and authenticity in their character portrayal, rather than creating a one-dimensional, superficial character.

turn 2 : The speaker thinks that innocent people and children were killed in the conflict


turn 3 : The discussion on spanking raised concerns among listeners and caused shock among advocates against domestic and sexual violence and child abuse.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of the turn is asking why they want to cause violence, but the implied meaning is asking why they find violence appealing or attractive.

turn 3 : NO NEED OF GIVING ADVERTISEMENT TOTHE GOOD THING,IT SHINE BY ITS OWN

turn 3 : (4) "That makes people ripe for abuse." - The phrase "ripe for abuse" is not meant to convey a positive connotation, but rather highlights the vulnerability and potential for exploitation that arises from the limited window of opportunity for success in the entertainment industry.


He was very cordial. He shook my hand. He gave me the Klan handshake. He didn't know that I knew it was the Klan handshake, but he did give it to me. If you shake a person's hand and you extend your index and middle finger along their wrist - and as you pumping their hand, you start pressing your fingers in their wrist area. It's the Klan handshake.

The question that you wind up wrestling with, I think at the end of the book, is - well, let me put it this way - that the Klan and David Duke specifically are hateful and jerks is beyond dispute. You don't wind up with a lot of regard for their intelligence, which raises the question, how dangerous are they?

Very. When I say they are not the brightest, they were not the brightest light bulbs in the socket. The people I was dealing with were not. David Duke, in spite of his having - at that time, he had a master's degree in political science from Louisiana State University. I merely had a high school education and about 12 hours of college credit. So the very fact that he was being conned by somebody with a lower degree of education than him, I'll admit, I got a particular thrill out of that. But let nobody who reads my book think that these people because they weren't the brightest light bulbs in the socket were not and are not dangerous. They were very serious.

What do you think you learned about the KKK and racism and bigotry during those months?

turn 0 : A faced racism from both white and black people due to his behavior and interests not aligning with stereotypes of his skin color.

turn 0 : The person who shook my hand is a member of the KKK

turn 0 : The Ku Klux Klan is a subversive group that can negatively impact Colorado Springs.

turn 0 : Implied meaning: People are feeling resentment and anger towards people who think they don't have to follow the same rules as everyone else.

turn 0 : The implied meaning here is not about the fairness or accuracy of the idea, but rather about whether Joan Kroc's donations were in line with Ray Kroc's beliefs and whether Joan acted out of spite or not.


turn 2 : The Ku Klux Klan is a subversive group that can negatively impact Colorado Springs.

turn 2 : that the people don't want any more violence and want it to stop

turn 2 : The KKK is dangerous despite not being intelligent.

turn 2 : Race is a deep-seated issue in society that cannot be easily solved


. . . instead of across.

So what makes the rise now when that. . .

So the rise, yeah, you can do - it's what?2:30 on a Friday, you have a half drunk cup of coffee on your desk, just move it away from the computer, give it a stir and what you'll see, if you stir strong enough, that you'll develop a depression in the middle of the coffee cup, and it will rise up on the sides.

Right.

turn 2 : saying that the effects of addiction, depression, and other diseases go beyond the individual, which is not the same as the actual meaning of the statement which is that people in these communities dealing with the struggles of these issues experience the same kinds of frustration and anxiety.

turn 2 : The turn suggests that the speaker is feeling frustrated and overwhelmed.

turn 2 : : The speaker is expressing frustration or disappointment about a situation, and may be looking for empathy or support from the listener.

turn 2 : This statement implies that people saw Starbucks as a place to go to that was distinct from their home or workplace but A was wondering whether Starbucks can recapture that emotional connection with consumers.

turn 2 : the speaker is using a metaphor to describe a physical phenomenon. They are not actually suggesting that the coffee is experiencing emotions like depression, but rather that the act of stirring the coffee creates a depression in the middle and a rise on the sides.


Well, look, I like the fact that we've eliminated pre-existing conditions. I think that's really important. But Ronald Reagan expanded Medicaid a number of times and he didn't need Obamacare, OK?And my feeling about Medicaid is we've been able to manage this program. And by bringing Ohio money back to Ohio to treat the mentally ill, the drug addicted and the working poor, it's not - we're not only ahead on an arithmetic basis, but we think it's the right issue in terms of giving people a chance and an ability to be lifted.

Biographical question - did you ever consider becoming a priest?

Well, when I was a kid, really early in my life, you know, all Catholic altar boys I think at one time or another thought about being a priest. But then that just wasn't in the cards for me.

But I gather religion is an important factor in your life.

turn 1 : The turn that has an implied meaning different from its literal meaning is (2) when B asks, "Can you explain what part of Donald Trump's message is working with religious voters so that they would overlook maybe even some of their basic Christian beliefs to support him?" The literal meaning of the question is straightforward,

turn 1 : (2) The literal meaning of this turn is a simple question, but the implied meaning is that the speaker wants to know what actions can be taken to address the issue being discussed and is seeking guidance or suggestions.

turn 1 : not a literal meaning but rather a rhetorical question.

turn 1 :  Implies a personal question about the speaker's past, not just a factual question about whether or not they considered becoming a priest.

turn 1 : "abused by a priest" - This phrase refers to a specific type of abuse, sexual abuse, rather than physical abuse or verbal abuse.


turn 1 : AGREE WITH THE TURN AND IMPLIED MEANING AND BELIVE THAT EVERYONE

turn 1 : Did you ever consider dedicating your life to a religious

turn 1 : The church is in danger of losing its moral authority.

turn 1 : to keep faith strong means that this person is religious and that nothing will stop them from being that way

turn 1 :  The implied meaning of this question is that people often associate certain ideologies with specific beliefs. However, this turn suggests that people should not be pigeonholed into a certain belief system based on one issue.


turn 3 : Implies that religion is an important factor in the speaker's life, not just a literal question about religion.

turn 3 : not a literal meaning but rather a rhetorical question.

turn 3 :  The implied meaning of this question is that people often associate certain ideologies with specific beliefs. However, this turn suggests that people should not be pigeonholed into a certain belief system based on one issue.

turn 3 : The speaker is implying that the same divide between religious people and non-religious people is present across the political spectrum, not just within one party.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: Some people find it controversial to accept that God loves everyone equally.


turn 3 : Food is the most important think for each any every human.

turn 3 : It's best to be receptive to any thought that comes your way.

turn 3 :  Is religion a major influence in your life?

turn 3 : What I think is so interesting about looking at the life of someone like my grandfather over the course of nearly a century is that you see that there is a kind of ongoing momentum of change that exists throughout his life and that takes him and those alongside him in many different directions - This implies that change is an ongoing process that people must adapt to if they want to move forward.


Absolutely. I've had a wonderful experience getting to really collect a lot of the thoughts from this experience and interview a lot of my fellow soldiers and officers and found that I really enjoy collecting those interviews and collecting everyone's thoughts for pieces and putting them down into writing, and so I'd love to be able to continue that.

And I think it's a really interesting time in journalism. It's a tough time right now because we're sort of moving from the idea of print journalism and subscriptions into a lot of online readership. But from what I've read, readership online and viewership online is really skyrocketing. So now, you can get those stories out to a much larger audience, which I think will be a great and beneficial aspect in the next couple decades.

Yeah. Is there any area you want to focus on when you get back?Any particular subject matter?

Honestly, much to my mother's chagrin, I think I would like to come back to the Middle East and continue to cover a lot of the developments here, maybe Afghanistan, continue to cover a lot of our diplomatic efforts abroad.

turn 1 : The shift from print to online journalism will benefit the industry

turn 1 : Being in the media industry is becoming more niche and specialized

turn 1 :  (2) What's an editorial worth in this age of social media?

turn 1 : In turn (2), the speaker questions the future of traditional journalism and whether there is an opportunity for novelists to fill the gap.


And we start today's program with an Easter Sunday tragedy in Sri Lanka. Coordinated bombings this morning killed more than 200 people and wounded hundreds more. The explosions happened in churches and in hotels popular with tourists. NPR's Lauren Frayer has been monitoring the situation from Mumbai, India, and she joins us now on the line.

Hi, Lauren.

Hi, Sacha.

Could you tell us what more you know since this morning about these bombings?

turn 0 : "How did this start?" - This turn has a literal meaning and it is asking for the beginning of something.

turn 0 : "and that was the beginning of the fatalities." - The implied meaning here is that the fall resulted in people dying, rather than just being the start of a sequence of events.

turn 0 : at the end of the day means something is likely going to happen or what happens after everything else.

turn 0 : The implied meaning of the first turn is that people have become apathetic to the problems facing the city and are not taking action.

turn 0 : "start today's program" - This turn literally means the beginning of the program, but it implies the start of discussing a tragic event rather than a typical program.


Hi, Lauren.

Hi, Sacha.

turn 3 :  can be interpreted as a way to ask for an explanation for the sudden increase in homicides, not just a question about what has happened.

turn 3 : This implies that there is another event coming up soon, not just asking for information.

turn 3 : The speaker is not asking why the person wants to see the shooter walking into and out of the hotel, but instead is asking why the person is so interested in getting information about the event in general.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be suggesting that there are some hidden or unknown factors that could influence the situation being discussed.

turn 3 : "what more you know" - This turn literally means "what additional information do you have," but it implies that the person being asked already has some information about the bombings, so it is asking for further details.


Now, Republican Sen.  Jeff Sessions suggested - I guess - that Mr.  Lew, because he wrote the White House budget, might essentially lack the proper perspective. Is this going to harm him politically?

Well, Jeff Sessions is going to vote against him. But significantly, Sessions has not said whether he would put a hold on Lew's nomination, or lead a filibuster. And I think most betting in Washington is that Lew will be confirmed. He will not face significant opposition. It seems that Sessions' main problem with him is that he represents President Obama's budget policies - as he should, because he's working for the president.

Yeah. Of course, there's been a lot more objections voiced over the selection of Chuck Hagel, President Obama's choice for Defense secretary; questions raised about his depth of his commitment to Israel, policies towards containing Iran. Let's get an understanding - your understanding, at the moment, of where the opposition for that rests.

Well, first, the opposition is, obviously, with Republicans. They consider him an apostate. They think Hagel was a turncoat. He once talked about how the Jewish lobby intimidates people in Washington. They feel he's been squishy on Iran sanctions. He's said the Pentagon budget was bloated. He also was a loner, when he was in the Senate, so he doesn't have a lot of deep friendships. He has been going on the offensive; giving a lot of interviews, trying to clarify his remarks, explaining how he is as strong on Israel and Iran as anybody else.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker is hinting at a deeper or hidden motive or intention behind their actions or words.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be using a euphemism or understatement to convey a more significant or sensitive message.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker is subtly trying to convey a sense of urgency or importance in the matter being discussed, without explicitly stating it.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be hinting at a desire or need for help or support from the listener.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker is expressing disapproval or criticism towards the listener or a third party, but doing so indirectly or politely.


If Beijing could have its way, David, what do you think they would want to do with Hong Kong?What would they want from Hong Kong?

Well, we know they would like Hong Kong to basically focus on money and making money and not worry about politics at all. That was the model. I mean, it's a comparison that Beijing would hate. But the truth is they basically treat it like a colony. It used to be a British colony. It's now a colony of China. And like any well-behaved colony, you're meant to focus on getting rich, making money and not worry about politics.

And David, just briefly, what happens in 2047, 50 years after Britain hands Hong Kong back to China?What happens then?

Well, then the promise of one country, two systems falls away, but the truth is they're going to try and chip away as in all kinds of small and subtle ways before then. We're also going to see probably more mainland immigration into Hong Kong - would be one way of diluting Hong Kong's kind of will to resist. But let's not underestimate an amazing thing that happened. There is a piece of China that gets free press, that knows what's happening, that is allowed to protest - not allowed where I'm sitting in Beijing - and they said, no, and the government backed off. And that's an absolutely extraordinary thing that can only happen in Hong Kong.

turn 0 : The Hong Kong people are more determined this time and the young people are actively participating in politics

turn 0 : The people of Hong Kong are not willing to trade their freedom for economic growth offered by China's government.

turn 0 : The Hong Kong government is ignoring public opinions.

turn 0 : There is censorship in China preventing access to information about Hong Kong protests

turn 0 : China wants Hong Kong to focus on making money and ignore politics


turn 1 : The Hong Kong people are more determined this time and the young people are actively participating in politics

turn 1 : The Hong Kong government is ignoring public opinions.

turn 1 : Hong Kong's autonomy is being gradually eroded before the 2047 deadline

turn 1 : The protests in Hong Kong are not about gaining more democracy or freedom, but rather to protect what they currently have.


She always continues to say throughout is public sentiment is everything. And at the time of the - of President Clinton's impeachment, while what he did was reprehensible, he was impeached for political reasons. I don't think - Democrats do not believe that they're going down this road for political reasons. This is not about politics. This is strictly about the Constitution and the right of Congress to do its job for the American people.

Can I ask you about her ability to deal with strong personalities?I mean, she's very often been one of the few women in the room. She's small in stature, but clearly, she has an ability to hold her own with big personalities, loud personalities. And was just wondering, you know, where does that come from?How does she do it?

Everyone always tries to underestimate her, but they've learned their lesson. And what she brings is she brings power, real power, whether as the Democratic leader where Republicans needed Democratic votes to pass certain things, whether the speaker of the House. Being speaker of the House provides an enormous amount of power. And I think all these men across the past and currently now know it and understand it. And they should never underestimate her.

What do you think is Speaker Pelosi's major skill as speaker?What do you think is the secret to her success as speaker?

turn 2 : The reference to "half" isn't literal. it just means many women will be all right.

turn 2 : The only thing that women wants is money and status in society.

turn 2 : The women are not running but they are trying to get elected.

turn 2 : Again, "half" is not literal. It just means many women.

turn 2 : Implying she is underestimated because she is a woman.


Yeah. Well, our house never got flooded. We never lost power. We have this lifted Jeep because we like to go off-roading. We have this kayak because we like to go kayaking. All these tools that we had, we were fortunate enough to have. So we thought, why not?You know, these people need help. Not many people here are able to help them, so we did what we could.

What's it look like now?The water is receding, we're told, but there must be an awful lot left.

Oh, yeah. There's just devastation to all the homes. Power lines are down, broken by trees. Just devastation everywhere. I mean, mold in the homes is already setting in. Just everything is destroyed.

Alison, do you worry about some of the chemicals and the detritus that's left behind?

turn 3 : (4), B is not simply asking whether Alison is concerned about the chemicals and debris left behind, but rather is implying that there are serious health and environmental risks associated with the aftermath of the disaster. The use of the word "detritus" suggests that there is a significant amount of potentially harmful debris left behind, and B's use of the word "chemicals" implies that there may be toxic substances that have been released into the environment. Therefore, the actual meaning of B's question is more concerned with the potential risks and dangers associated with the disaster, rather than simply whether Alison is worried about the debris.

turn 3 : Asking if people are concerned about the potential health risks caused by the debris and contamination left behind.

turn 3 : B is asking about A's plans after the storm, assuming that they are in the hospital for a reason.

turn 3 : (4), B is not simply asking Mr. DeMaria what his concerns are in a general sense, but is instead implying that there are multiple potential sources of damage and danger associated with the hurricane, including strong winds, storm surge, and flooding. The use of the phrase "whole constellation of effects" suggests that there are a range of different factors that could contribute to the overall impact of the hurricane, and that these factors are complex and interrelated. Therefore, the actual meaning of B's question is more concerned with the various risks and challenges associated with the hurricane, rather than simply asking Mr. DeMaria to name his general concerns.


turn 3 :  Implied meaning: There is a fear of the spread of Zika, malaria, cholera, and other diseases due to the lack of access to aid.

turn 3 :  (4) Implies an acknowledgement of the dangerous risks taken when crossing the border illegally.

turn 3 :  "leaving one of the world's most endangered animals seemingly unprotected" is a turn whose actual meaning is different from its literal meaning. The phrase "seemingly unprotected" suggests that there may be some protection for the animal, but it is not clear or uncertain. The literal meaning would be that there is absolutely no protection for the animal.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of the phrase "detritus that's left behind" is physical debris that has been left behind after a disaster. However, the implied meaning of the phrase is the chemical pollutants and hazardous materials that have been left behind after the disaster.


Good. So, you received about 8,500 questions in your Explainer inbox over the year, and it's your job to go through all of these and pick the ones that you then allow your readers to vote on for their top pick. Can you give us a sample of what's on the ballot?

Well, there's a wide range of questions. For example, one person asks, can an average person not in politics get a pardon from the president of the United States?

Good question.

Which is a - yeah, a question that we've actually gotten quite a few times, especially as Bush gets ready to leave office. But then this particular reader adds in parenthesis, possession of a forged instrument, October of 1989.

turn 0 : top of to-do list means something the person really needs to do first.

turn 0 : The bottom line means the most important fact of the situation.

turn 0 : there isn't a "top" of a field... it just means he is performing the best currently

turn 0 : top pick usually means the number one choice


Absolutely. And there is a risk, from the government's point of view, that if they aren't seen to act, then the Bharatiya Janata Party, the BJP, which is a Hindu nationalist party which has been in power before, might appear to be a better option because it is tougher on this sort of subject.

Congress has not really got it together. They don't have a good national leader. And there isn't - the government isn't showing the drive and the command that the people are increasingly wanting.

John Elliott is a writer in Delhi, India. He writes for Fortune magazine, and he also keeps a blog called "Riding the Elephant. "Thank you, John.

Thanks very much.

turn 1 : The people should obey their leaders or lose their jobs.

turn 1 : The government is not providing strong leadership, which is causing dissatisfaction among the people.

turn 1 : They think it does make the government look bad to the public.

turn 1 : Congress is not doing its job and is passing their responsibilities to the president who then abuses his power

turn 1 :  (2) implies that people are facing a lot of bureaucracy and paperwork,


And the other one is silencers or suppressors - a push to deregulate those devices. And that hasn't gone through. So the big ticket items that the NRA wants the NRA doesn't get. You mentioned at the top there this idea of strengthening background checks. I think it's important to be specific about what's under discussion there. There is bipartisan legislation. And what it would do would provide grants to the states to make sure that all of the records that show that a person is prohibited from owning a gun get into the databases that are scanned during a background check.

Mr.  Burnett, there's renewed interest on the sale of assault weapons. A ban went into effect in 1994. It expired 10 years later. Based on your reporting, what effect did that ban have?

There is some evidence - and we talk about assault - bans on assault-style weapons. What a lot of public safety experts say is the most meaningful piece of that is a restriction on how large the magazine - the ammunition magazine - that's basically how many rounds the gun can hold at one time, can be fired at one time before you have to reload.

Is there, in your mind, compelling evidence that the ban on assault weapons actually succeeded in banning assault weapons or reduced the supply or use of assault weapons and criminal activity?

turn 0 : to carry something out means to do something

turn 0 : "big ticket items" - this is an idiom meaning important or valuable items, not actual physical tickets.

turn 0 : a lot of stuff means there is a massive amount

turn 0 : They are not asking for a lot of really expensive items.

turn 0 : short word in this context means to sum something up


turn 2 : shooters means people using a gun, usually for bad purposes

turn 2 : A "son of a gun" can be an insult or a term of endearment, the latter in this case. It has nothing to do with guns.

turn 2 : means that powerful weapons with lots of capacity on our streets should not be allowed because they are meant to be used in an offensive manner;

turn 2 : Not arms that are funneled but weapons that are provided to them.

turn 2 : "assault-style weapons" - this is a term used to describe certain types of firearms that have specific features but it does not necessarily mean that the weapon is used for assault purposes.


turn 3 : "assault weapons" - this is a term used to describe certain types of firearms that have specific features but it does not necessarily mean that the weapon is used for assault purposes.

turn 3 : shooters means people using a gun, usually for bad purposes

turn 3 : means that powerful weapons with lots of capacity on our streets should not be allowed because they are meant to be used in an offensive manner;

turn 3 : Not arms that are funneled but weapons that are provided to them.


I want to start with this relationship that is still taking shape between President Trump and Speaker Ryan. They got off to a rocky start. Have they settled into a relationship where they can actually get anything done?

No. But I think it's. . .

To be blunt.

That's all I have to say about that. No, it's an odd marriage. It's one that I don't think anybody - either party or any of the people around them - thought would happen. And so it's been uneasy from the beginning. I think the Obamacare repeal-and-replace debacle from last month really kind of put it into focus that these are two men who just don't have a lot of the same interests or motivations. And so next week is going to be interesting in terms of trying to get some of those agenda items through. I would put more money on getting the government funded than on any sort of health care bill.

But there's - it's a difficult relationship because they just don't see eye to eye on much. And - the president has an agenda he's trying to pass. The speaker is trying to corral 216 or so Republicans who all have different interests as well. There's just not a lot of communication between the two groups.

turn 4 :  The turn of phrase whose actual meaning is different from its literal meaning is:  (2) "out of the gate" - in this context, it means how well the horse starts the race from the starting gate, rather than literally coming out of a gate.

turn 4 : In turn (5), "corral" is a figurative expression used to describe the speaker's efforts to gather or control a group of people with differing interests, rather than literally herding cattle.

turn 4 : The literal meaning of this turn is that the listener is being asked to visualize the scene of the Romney-Ryan announcement. However, the actual meaning is that the event is being presented as a carefully planned media spectacle designed to generate excitement and favorable media coverage.

turn 4 :  (2) is a metaphor that implies the speaker was impressed by the announcer's ability to quickly and accurately recite all the names of the horses.


Sometimes economics are turned on their head. Now, for years, Britain has had controversial austerity measures in place. Olivier Blanchard, the International Monetary Fund's chief economist, likened them to playing with fire. This past week, the IMF published its World Economic Forecast and concluded the fastest-growing economy of any rich country in the world is Britain's. Britain's Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, led the U. K. 's austerity measures.

He didn't tell the IMF meeting in Washington, D. C.  this week, I told you so, but he did say that the government's plan succeeded despite warnings from some. We're joined by Simon Johnson. He's a former IMF chief economist. Thanks so much for being with us.

My pleasure.

Did the IMF get it wrong?What do you make of these figures?

turn 0 : to look for something in this context means they are trying to see if something will happen

turn 0 : on and off means in this context that they are doing something then not doing something

turn 0 : turned on their head implies that something unexpected happened

turn 0 : implies that the speaker was advocating for themselves to be violently punished,

turn 0 : The person was surprised greatly by the information and it affected many of their thoughts and emotions. They were not struck but what they saw made them notice it and think about it more.


Welcome to WEEKEND EDITION.

Thank you so much, Lulu, for having me.

This book is about a moon ceremony. So explain what that is and where it comes from.

Well, moon ceremonies are traditional gatherings that happen for women across the Americans. They date back to precolonial times. And they're ceremonies where women gather around the full moon or the new moon. And in this case, a moon ceremony for a young girl coming of age happens right after her first period, her first menstruation.

turn 3 : The moon was once a part of the Earth.

turn 3 : It may be a way to give attention to women trying to break into science.

turn 3 : A is reflecting on the nature of relationships between people close to each other.

turn 3 : Gather around the moon, meaning the women gather around each other and gaze upon the full moon in the sky.

turn 3 : I Want to Celebrate Moon Festival for My Daughter Cause of My Heritage


Well, you could say both. You know, in 2010, the parent company declared bankruptcy. There's significant debt surrounding and hanging over National Enquirer's parent company. But you can't separate this from the scandals. The Washington Post, in its reporting, claims that the hedge fund manager who's sort of controlling owner now of American Media says that he's disgusted by what he's learned. This is not really anything new for the Enquirer, but don't forget the legal trouble the Enquirer has been in. You know, it got dragged into the investigation of Michael Cohen and others. It had to, essentially, negotiate with prosecutors in order to avoid prosecution. And indeed, the Bezos scandal may raise the legal stakes once more.

I mean, we've probably all joked at the grocery store checkout stand, like, looking at the headlines - who would ever buy the National Enquirer?Well, now it's like a more serious question. Who would buy the National Enquirer?

Well, you know, in a straight world, you might say TMZ, the digital gossip site. It's hard to know. It's a damaged brand. It is a notable brand. Somebody may buy it as a plaything, or there's been speculation Jeff Bezos would want to strangle it, buy it and put it out. . .

Wow. That would be. . .

turn 1 : BuzzFeed is unreliable and their story cannot be trusted.

turn 1 : We cannot trust Twitter as a reliable source of information.

turn 1 : The National Enquirer is not a credible source of news and is often joked about.

turn 1 : The other journalists are fascinated by the reason behind the interest in the candidate Senator Obama.

turn 1 : The president is trying to divert attention away from negative news about him and his administration


Wow. That would be. . .

turn 1 : The literal meaning of this turn is that people might think news organizations are concealing information, but the actual meaning is that people might think news organizations should not be concealing information.

turn 1 : A: Oh, that's another fine magazine.  This turn is an example of sarcasm. The speaker, A, uses the phrase "another fine magazine" to indicate that they do not believe that National Review is a fine magazine, despite what the previous speaker, B, has implied. The literal meaning of the phrase is positive, but the actual meaning, conveyed through the speaker's tone and context, is negative.

turn 1 : The implication of this turn is that people want to be able to look at the original documents and decide for themselves what is relevant and important, instead of relying on a news organization to make that determination.

turn 1 :  (2) implies that it is surprising that anyone would buy the National Enquirer, while


Wow. That would be. . .

turn 2 : The National Enquirer may be bought for non-serious purposes or by someone who wants to shut it down.

turn 2 : It is a bad idea either way for the social media companies.

turn 2 : BuzzFeed is unreliable and their story cannot be trusted.

turn 2 : The literal meaning of this turn is that people might think news organizations are concealing information, but the actual meaning is that people might think news organizations should not be concealing information.

turn 2 : The implication of this turn is that people want to be able to look at the original documents and decide for themselves what is relevant and important, instead of relying on a news organization to make that determination.


Wow. That would be. . .

turn 3 : (4) implies surprise that Jeff Bezos would consider buying the National Enquirer.

turn 3 : The implied meaning of this turn is that A is implying that the way media is consumed has changed drastically, and this could lead to the failure of the American experiment.

turn 3 : He wants to believe that an agreement will be reached that benefits everyone.

turn 3 : This implies that people are already curious to know how A intends to defeat Trump.

turn 3 :  implies that the speaker is asking if the exchange is just a show, or whether people in official Washington are actually worried that it could lead to something more destructive.


Thanks, Scott.

First, these current attacks. Based on reporting, is there a particular source for attacks against Orthodox Jews?

Well, it seems to be happening often from people who live in the neighborhood. We don't know that much about the perpetrators. What we do know is that people that live in Crown Heights don't tend to be white supremacists. And to judge from the footage of many of these attacks, at least some of the perpetrators seem to be young black men or teenagers. And perhaps that's one of the reasons that so many people want to avert their eyes from what's happening in places like Crown Heights.

Are they street assaults and robberies or hate crimes?Where are the lines in something like this?

Well, all we know is that the people that are being attacked are the most publicly, visibly Jewish people. And they're incredibly violent. Given that this has been happening in the city, there's been a sort of curious lack of interest on the part of New Yorkers, on the part of the mayor, on the part of the governor. Imagine if a spate of crimes had happened in a pattern like this against another minority - what the reaction would be.

Has there also been a national increase in anti-Semitic crimes?

turn 2 : The key point is made to make people want to learn more about what happened.

turn 2 : People don't want to know about what is happening in Crown Heights.

turn 2 : you don't really know that much about this.

turn 2 : The future of the town is uncertain and it is causing anxiety

turn 2 : They would not do bad things were most people would find out about them.


Thanks, Scott.

turn 3 :  can be interpreted as a way to ask for an explanation for the sudden increase in homicides, not just a question about what has happened.

turn 3 : The person wants to know where the crimes are not taking place and who is not getting hurt.

turn 3 : It is being implied that the criminals are having a difficult time.

turn 3 : They are asking if the person watches over other's actions and controls them.

turn 3 : Turn (4) is implying that even though research has been conducted in this area, law enforcement has not been paying attention to it and is only now beginning to do so.


I remember one moment where you're asking, when do you think about race?And someone said, right now.

Like, you know, this is a hey, we're on the spot. At certain points, people are accused, people in the media, of overemphasizing our differences. Were they afraid of being misrepresented?

Some were and some weren't. There was a lawyer who participated in some of the discussions. He is a registered Republican. And when the local paper did a story about our series of conversations, they identified him as a white Republican, and he said when he saw that in the paper, it was jarring for him, because he never thought of himself being described in that way. He said, I've never thought of myself having a label affixed to my name, and it was really uncomfortable for me. And when he was saying this, there were several people in the coloring room who were nodding their heads saying, well, welcome to our world.

Speaking of welcome to our world, one thing I've noticed is that, you know, we talk about black folks, we talk about white folks. There's no question that you have to talk about blackness. But you've also included people who were not black and not white. So how do you think Latinos and Asians in particular are faring in this election in terms of feeling represented or sought out or given their say?

turn 1 : at certain points refers to periods in time

turn 1 : The times have changed a lot in society and it is noticeable.

turn 1 : the time has flown means time went by fast.

turn 1 : along the way means in this context throughout a period of time

turn 1 : The actual meaning was differ from the original meaning that is the right answer


What are the problems in getting aid to arrive?

You know, and it's interesting to note - it's been, like, a week for a lot of these people because on Monday people started going into these shelters as it moved there. So, you know, for the people that are there, it's feeling really like it's been a long time.

There are still a lot of roads that are blocked going into some of these areas. These are remote areas. Some of them only had one road to begin with. Trees are down. Power lines have fallen across, so those are blocked. You know, they need to get the bulldozers in there in terms of clearing those roads so that access can actually get in there. So that is actually the biggest hold up in reaching what were really the hardest hit parts of Haiti.

And there must be concern about the spread of Zika, malaria, cholera and other diseases.

turn 2 : Reaching remote communities with aid is extremely difficult due to washed out or partially blocked roads.

turn 2 : The scale of the flooding is massive and poses a serious threat to infrastructure and public safety.

turn 2 : (3) is different from its literal meaning. While the speaker is describing the vulnerability of women and children in a humanitarian crisis, the implied meaning is that despite the significant amount of funding provided in 2017, the situation has worsened in 2018 and there is still a critical need for aid.

turn 2 : Literally, turn (4) is asking for information about which countries are blocking entry to travelers and how that will affect them. However, the implied meaning is that B is concerned about the impact of travel restrictions on those countries and possibly on the global effort to contain the Ebola epidemic.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The main issue preventing aid from getting to the most affected areas is the blocked roads, caused by fallen trees and power lines.


turn 3 : (4) Implied meaning: The speaker is not afraid of going out of their apartment; instead, they are motivated by their desire to bring positivity to their community and recognize the potential of the people in poverty-stricken neighborhoods.

turn 3 :  Implied meaning: There is a fear of the spread of Zika, malaria, cholera, and other diseases due to the lack of access to aid.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be suggesting that there are some hidden or unknown factors that could influence the situation being discussed.

turn 3 : Literally, turn (4) is asking for information about which countries are blocking entry to travelers and how that will affect them. However, the implied meaning is that B is concerned about the impact of travel restrictions on those countries and possibly on the global effort to contain the Ebola epidemic.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be hinting at a desire or need for help or support from the listener.


Thank you. Good to be here.

Let's start with that refugee situation in Jordan. The current foreign minister says the country is being strained. There are reports that the fleeing is expected to continue. Do you expect Jordan will eventually have to close the border?

I don't think Jordan will close the border. Jordan has been in such a situation before, if you remember during the first Gulf crisis and then the second one where large numbers of Iraqis, third country nationals came to Jordan, fleeing the conflict. And as a general policy, Jordan has never closed its borders. That does not mean that it is not being tasked by these large number of refugees, but I don't think and I don't expect the borders to be closed.

And that issue of strain then, how badly are Jordan's resources being tasked?

turn 2 : Jordan is open to international efforts to resolve the situation in Syria, but is not taking unilateral action

turn 2 : The situation is more dire than what is being reported, as the resources available are not able to meet the needs of the refugees.

turn 2 : Jordan is unlikely to close its borders to refugees despite the strain on its resources.

turn 2 : Jordan has not allowed the Free Syrian Army to conduct military operations from its territory despite receiving defectors from Syria.

turn 2 : Jordanians support the uprising but are hesitant to support military intervention. Government may change its position later


OK. So we have the union's version, maybe a little bit less from GM's side. But in any case, no doubt that they don't have a deal and people are still on strike. So what have you seen and heard when you go out and talk to workers?

Well, workers are now being forced to live off of $250 a week in strike pay. That is not enough to cover many of their bills. For many of them, they're in a tight spot financially. But most people I've talked to are still very committed to the strike, say that this is something that needed to happen. They say they want protections for temporary workers, and they're willing to hold out, at least for now. And so that's what I'm hearing on the line.

I want to make sure that I understand this argument about temporary workers. This is essentially temps who are being hired in a way that they're actually permanent workers, but they're just not paid the same and not protected the same way as a full-time UAW member and full-time GM employee?

Yeah. The pay is less. The pay is less than $16 an hour, which is not a whole lot more than, say, an Amazon warehouse worker would make. And temporary workers can be basically fired at any time. They don't have long-term protections. And so what the rank-and-file members that have more permanent status, have higher wage, say is that this is just no way for a person to live, no way for a worker to live.

turn 3 : BELIVE THAT MOST THEM WILL AGREE EVERY SURE

turn 3 : Their notion is to do as much as you can and don't think about the numbers too much.

turn 3 : They didn't get into position in the same way as some places were protests and riots occurred.

turn 3 : strike implies to stop work and not to hit, blow or delete something

turn 3 : The members that follow the rules and never go on strike have better status.