No, but then - you know, and then somebody would come up - I think it was Carlene, who was our nurse, came up with the idea. Well, cut it into slices. And then you can lay out the slices - like, all this so that we can keep from doing the - like, that's why they give you a rectory - so that you could serve the church. Like, give it up.

(Laughter) That's hilarious. What do you think you got out of writing this book?And what do you hope other people get out of reading your book?

I think I got back the experience. In "Law And Order," you always see the crazy criminals take trophies, and they put them in a box and cement them down in the basement. I think I do that with grief. I think we - I put the fun things in there, and then I lock it up. I wanted all of this back. You know, I wanted the laughter. I wanted her. I wanted those years with my family. I wanted access to them again. And I wanted to do it while keeping company with all kinds of other people who are isolated by the very nature of caregiving. I wanted that back in my life, available to me.

We've been speaking with Lorene Cary. Her latest book is "Ladysitting: My Year With Nana At The End Of Her Century. "And Lorene was kind enough to join us from the University of Pennsylvania, where she teaches.

turn 2 : What she writes makes people feel comfortable in a way that reminds them of the past.

turn 2 : The speaker keeps the happy memories of her past with her loved ones locked up inside her to deal with her grief.

turn 2 : She wrote very close to what happened in her own life.

turn 2 : The actual meaning of (3) is, A is expressing a feeling of sadness and nostalgia over the loss of a loved one.

turn 2 : The story is a happy one that is also distracting and the people have been feeling sad so they need the story to make them happy again.


Thank you so much for wanting to talk to me.

When someone says to you, tell me about your mother, it's not a simple question, is it?

Oh, not at all, man, not at all. I look forward to it, though. My mother's an incredible model. And like most Americans, she just had a rough patch, and she was not comfortable talking about a lot of those rough patches. She had me when she was a sophomore at Jackson State University, and she got a job teaching at Jackson State maybe four or five years later after she started graduate school, so we moved to Jackson probably in 1979, 1980. And Jackson was home, and books were really home for me. She just made me read and write before I could do anything I wanted to my entire life. I thank her for my writerly practice that I still have now, but that writerly practice also enabled me to write into a lot of the gaps and a lot of the terror that I think she probably did not want me to write into.

Well - and we do have to get to that, don't we?

turn 2 : "messed up" means to cause problems or difficulties, not that something was physically destroyed or ruined.

turn 2 : rough patches means in this context a bad period of time

turn 2 : a long time coming means something has been meaning to happen but hasn't happened until recently

turn 2 : well refers to good and not a hole dug in the ground

turn 2 : A silver lining means, something that is good that comes out of something that is not good


We often ignore the unevolved brain or what's sometimes called the reptilian brain. So zombies exist in the reptilian brain in the movies. And as it turns out, in the real world, humans have what we sometimes refer to as our zombie brain. And you might think about it as autopilot.

Like when you're driving the car. And you sort of zone out. And you don't even remember the way that you got to where you're going.

That's the perfect example.

And there are real-world applications for this speculation, right?Because there are murder cases where the perpetrator says that they zoned out. And there's a big debate about how conscious they were of what they were doing.

turn 0 : The brain does not reverse but  the person's opinions do change.

turn 0 : The reptillian brain is a person who has not been educated. Zombie brain is where people don't think about what they are doing.

turn 0 : We need to examine it as much as we can possibly can. We need to get people involved with Alzheimers to learn about  other things that can cause the disease.

turn 0 : "It makes you consider your own brain, I suppose." - This turn is a figurative expression that means the speaker is reflecting on their own life and experiences in comparison to the circumstances of the individuals whose brains were taken.

turn 0 : Kids like to learn about everything and they are always questioning what they see.


That's the perfect example.

turn 1 : The brain is capable of adjusting to unusual situations quickly.

turn 1 : It's like watching something awful approach people and not be able to stop it.

turn 1 : People start to stop thinking of anything while driving.

turn 1 : The dangers of the ground is something the person remembers and thinks about a lot.

turn 1 : The brain is capable of adjusting to normalcy after experiencing an unusual situation.


It is fiction, but of course I was able to draw on my experience. I developed my expertise in the agency in nuclear counter-proliferation. And that's why that's the main theme of this first book, hopefully in a long series. But it's sort of ripped from the headlines.

Vanessa's asset is shot just after she disregards the signal to abort their meeting. Does she blame herself?

She does. There is definitely a sense that when you, as a CIA ops officer, when you are handling assets, they are delivering to you their trust and their well-being. And you feel very protective of them, even if they're not very nice people.

turn 3 : (4) "So, who do spies talk to when they have a bad day at the office?"  The literal meaning of this sentence is asking who spies talk to when they're having a bad day at work. However, the implied meaning is that spies, like everyone else, have emotions and experience stress and difficulty in their jobs, but they have unique challenges in coping with those emotions due to the secretive and high-pressure nature of their work.

turn 3 : In turn 1, the speaker is implying that they have an understanding of what it is like to be a spy, as they spend their day transforming into other people, and they must make their character and reality believable.

turn 3 : In turn (4), the implied meaning is that the Chinese Ministry of State Security is trying to take revenge for the U.S. FBI catching their spies in the U.S.

turn 3 : (3) implies that the speaker found the KGB officers intimidating and felt like they were looking at him and his colleagues with menace.


UNIDENTIFIED SPORTSCASTER #4: And you can just tell the way the big fellow was laughing, he thinks that's it.

. . . But his new book is a tribute to another legend, his coach at UCLA, John Wooden. Their 50-year-long friendship started on the court at Pauley Pavilion and grew over lunch at VIP's Cafe in Tarzana and long afternoons of easy conversation in coach Wooden's den. This week on Out of Bounds, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, author of "Coach Wooden And Me. "He joins me now from NPR West. Welcome so much to the program.

Thank you very much, nice to talk to you.

At the beginning of the book, you write about how you and coach Wooden when you first met were an odd couple sitcom waiting to happen. Tell us about who you were then.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of (3) is a simple expression of agreement, while the implied meaning is that the speaker is amazed by the story of Steve Dalkowski's feats.

turn 3 : None of the turns in this conversation have a figurative or non-literal meaning.

turn 3 : This turn is literal in meaning, as it is a straightforward question asking about the speaker's children.

turn 3 :  "an odd couple sitcom waiting to happen" - This turn is figurative language used to describe how Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Coach Wooden seemed like an unlikely pair who would make a good subject for a television show. It is not meant to be taken literally, but as a way of expressing how different the two men were.


turn 3 : "What was really exciting about this was until, I think it was maybe April or May of this year, nobody had been able to prove that there were infinitely many of these pairs."

turn 3 : (4) implies that Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and John Wooden were an unlikely pair when they first met.

turn 3 : A is reflecting on the nature of relationships between people close to each other.

turn 3 : that the acquaintance between the two people had grown over the years.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of turn (4) is that the speaker could have reached the summit of K2 but chose not to risk losing their fingers or a tip of a finger. However, the implied meaning is that the speaker prioritizes their physical well-being over the achievement of reaching the summit of K2. This suggests that the speaker is sensible and cautious when it comes to decision-making, even in high-risk situations.


We didn't finish, and he died before it could finish, but we got 30, 34 hours of tapes, something like that. And one thing that became clear in those tapes and all the time that I spent with him is that he would never speak ill of another human being. He always went out of his way to find the good in people who are adamantly apposed to his entire agenda.

I mention this because I think one of the things that tended to dismay him toward the end of his life, at least in my experience of talking to him, was how divided we were in our politics. That people fought - that people that disagreed with them weren't just opponents, but enemies. That somehow condemnation, the politics of hatred, the politics even of mocking people, as opposed to sitting down and talking to them, never made any sense to him.

To Thurgood Marshall, politics was the art of the possible. The idea was to sit down and get things done, not to get applause by mocking your opposition. I really learned a lot from the time I spent with him, and that's perhaps the strongest lesson that I learned. And I think applying it to today's world, while I think he'd be very proud to see a black man with a chance to be elected to the presidency, he'd be very sad to see how the supporters on both sides spend so much time mocking and hating the candidate on the other side.

Well, Stephen Carter, thank you.

turn 0 : What people think of him has lessened due to the situation.

turn 0 : The man was highly involved in social events and had long-standing involvement with various organizations.

turn 0 : The behavior was unacceptable to what the people would accept.

turn 0 : I won't see someone like him again because he was unique and special, and not because he was dead.

turn 0 : Despite differences, he saw the good in all people.


And thanks for your service to the United States.

I appreciate it.

Why did you want to join the U. S.  military?

I'm not just another U. S.  Army recruit. I was born and raised in a conservative city of Pakistan, near Kashmir. My father owned a small local newspaper in which he recommended the diplomatic solution of Kashmir conflict - due to which, he had to face a lot of threats from state and not-state actors. Because of these threats, he had to close down his newspapers, and I had to move to a boarding school outside my city.

turn 3 : A's family and fiance being in Pakistan were used as excuses to discriminate against them in the military

turn 3 : A's decision to join the U.S. military is not typical due to his background and experiences in Pakistan.

turn 3 : The fact that A's parents were from Pakistan led to their failure in background checks.

turn 3 : A needs the help of USCIS and DOD to save their life.


Curative instruction meaning, I'm sorry I said that. Disregard that.

Exactly. Yeah, I made a mistake - mea culpa. I shouldn't have said that. Please disregard what I said and don't hold it against the counsel for either of the parties.

Dramatic testimony from Richard Gates, Manafort's former business partner, this week who essentially said, look. Paul Manafort's a crook. And I know because I am, too. And we schemed together to steal money. That's an argument the defense can turn against the prosecution in a way, though, too, isn't it?

Absolutely. So what the defense may try to do is say, what we're dealing with here is a criminal, a dishonest individual from start to finish. He is being sponsored - his testimony is being sponsored by the government. But you can't trust him. After all, look at all the things he's done. He's stolen, in fact, not only from others but from his own business associate, Mr.  Manafort.

turn 1 : (2) The speaker is suggesting that it is wise to admit one's mistakes and avoid repeating them, rather than foolishly persisting in one's errors.

turn 1 : A is expressing a desire for love and acceptance, despite making mistakes.

turn 1 : A agreed to do something but later realized it wasn't what they wanted

turn 1 : AGREE WITH THE TURN AND IMPLIED MEANING AND BELIVE THAT EVERYONE

turn 1 : A is admitting their mistake and asking for forgiveness


turn 1 : A takes responsibility for their mistake and doesn't want it to reflect on the counsel

turn 1 : They are worried about any negative consequences of their actions and will fix them quickly.

turn 1 : The situation is urgent and requires immediate action.

turn 1 : The game's maker denies responsibility for any harm caused by their game.


Race is so divisive. What can we learn from your relationship with a white man from a different generation?

That's what "Coach Wooden And Me" is about. It's about the fact that despite all the differences here in America, we come together on so much that we agree on, you know, our love for sport. Basketball fans across all ethnicities and socioeconomic lines, everybody loves hoops. And that's where we come together, within our country and with other countries of the world.

When you talk about your friendship with coach Wooden in the book, you use the word accomplishment. Why that word?Is having an enduring friendship and accomplishment?

Yeah, I think so because it's something that you have to work at. It just doesn't come. Building up trust and love and affection with someone else, you've got to take some risks. You could fail. It is an accomplishment, you know, because it tests your judgment and, what is your commitment?

turn 1 : This is an expression of agreement, but it also implies that the speaker is willing to continue the discussion.

turn 1 : The turn with an actual meaning different from its literal meaning is (2).  In this conversation, A is acknowledging the wisdom in what B's mother said about talking to people in their 80s because they have a unique perspective on life. However, when A says "Nobody wants to hear that you met Harry Truman, you know. Shh.", the literal meaning is that A is telling B to be quiet about meeting Harry Truman because it's not interesting. The actual meaning, however, is that A is making a sarcastic comment about how people only seem to care about meeting famous celebrities like Rihanna, rather than valuing the life experiences and wisdom of those who have lived longer.

turn 1 : In turn (2), when Bill Russell says "we come together on so much that we agree on," he is not referring to literal agreement, but rather the shared enjoyment and appreciation of basketball. Similarly, when he says "that's where we come together," he is not referring to a physical location, but rather a shared interest and passion.

turn 1 : Although the literal meaning of this turn is simply an acknowledgement or agreement, the implied meaning behind it is that the speaker may not be fully engaged or interested in the conversation. It could be interpreted as a way of signaling disinterest or a desire to move on to a different topic.


From what we can tell, they've donated from - I think it was over a hundred countries in terms of geography. It just sort of struck a nerve across the world.

Why do you think that is?

I think a big part of it was that Tesla as a man is sort of someone that a lot of people, maybe, sympathized with because he's kind of a geek at heart. He's sort of this unsung hero, and he did all of these wonderful things for us and didn't really get much credit during his career. So with this sort of crowd funding campaign, it was almost an opportunity for the world to make it up to him.

What drew you to getting involved?

turn 2 : A thinks that with their army of Tesla fans and experience with crowd funding, they can make a difference in Nikola Tesla's old laboratory.

turn 2 : The positive outlook is giving him the support he needs to continue campaigning.

turn 2 : Many people sympathize with Tesla and want to support him.

turn 2 : Musk wants to take Tesla private to avoid the demands of Wall Street

turn 2 : Exciting possibility that there might be Tesla's old equipment buried.


Why do you think that is?

What drew you to getting involved?

turn 2 : Elon Musk may not have had the funding secured for taking Tesla private

turn 2 : Tesla is an underappreciated hero and people sympathize with him through the crowdfunding campaign

turn 2 : Tesla's research contributed to modern inventions, but he died in poverty and obscurity.


I gather there were women who asked you for medical help.

Yes. So some of the women who had been raped asked to know if they were pregnant. One of the most heartbreaking things I would have to do would be to confirm for women that they were, indeed, pregnant as a result of rape. Some of them were requesting testing for sexually transmitted infections, which we couldn't do on the boat, but we helped to arrange in Italy once we arrived there.

One of the things I say about my Doctors Without Borders work is that I often come across the best of humanity, but I also come across the worst of humanity. And these women, especially, told me of things that had happened to them that it never occurred to me that humans could do that to one another.

All right, Dr.  Giles, you have at least a few ears in America right now. What do we need to hear?

turn 1 :  "confirm for women that they were, indeed, pregnant as a result of rape." The phrase "confirm for women" means to tell the women that they are pregnant, which is the literal meaning. However, the fact that the pregnancy resulted from rape adds a figurative meaning to the statement that conveys the emotional impact and the devastating consequences of sexual violence.

turn 1 : she was raped and doctor given given the false statement about it

turn 1 : Pregnancy itself is being criminalized due to the broad scope of what actions can lead to a criminal prosecution

turn 1 : "put women and girls at great risk of sexual assault" is a figurative expression, meaning that women and girls are in danger of being sexually assaulted, and not a literal placement of women and girls in a dangerous situation.


turn 2 : "I often come across the best of humanity, but I also come across the worst of humanity." This turn uses the figurative language of "the best" and "the worst" of humanity, which refers to the admirable actions and the despicable actions of people, respectively. It does not mean that the speaker encounters people who are entirely good or entirely bad.

turn 2 : "the worst feeling in the world" implies that not being recognized is the feeling that causes the most pain.

turn 2 : The speaker believes that humans are both wonderful and flawed, but still deserving of love

turn 2 : The literal meaning of (3) is a simple expression of agreement, while the implied meaning is that the speaker is amazed by the story of Steve Dalkowski's feats.

turn 2 : A: "breaking free from all of these identities and get down to that last one, which is human" - This turn is figurative language as it refers to the author's desire to move beyond societal labels and stereotypes and focus on our common humanity rather than actually breaking free from physical identities.


Right. No, you hit it right on. The - no glass is unbreakable, certainly, and when you strengthen the glass this much, there's tremendous compressive stress put in the surface of the glass. So when you do actually manage to break it, that kind of force, the energy that's stored in the glass causes it to shatter, like you say, pretty impressively.

So you make the glass itself in upstate New York there at Corning. And then you have to ship it to China for them to put it in the phones.

We make the glass. We don't make it here in Corning, New York, we make it in plants around the world. We have a plant in Kentucky and Taiwan and Japan. And yes, we make large sheets of this glass, and then we put it into crates, and then we ship it to companies called finishers, most of them are in China, and those are the companies that actually cut the glass into the pieces, drill holes, polish, et cetera, into the shapes of the parts that go onto the devices.

Why can't you - I'm sorry, why can't you make it the shape itself beforehand?

turn 0 : The glass is not unbreakable despite being strengthened.

turn 0 : can be cracked meaning the problem can be looked into and a solution found for it

turn 0 : People are likely to follow through a given idea or course since it is end is clear as a glass chamber.

turn 0 : The damage itself can not face anything. The cause of the damage, the person or people are what is meant here.

turn 0 : The appearance of the glass chamber is impressive. (not the appearance of something else


You know, World War II is very cut-and-dry. It was like, these are the bad guys, you know. We're fighting for, you know, freedom. And not just for Europe, but for ourselves, for our people, to prove that we are more than what people say we are. That's not happening in Iraq.

Well, Professor, thanks for the interview.

Well, thank you.

Yvonne Latty is author of "We Were There: Voices of African-American Veterans from World War II to the War in Iraq. "She's also a professor in the department of journalism at New York University.

turn 0 : America thought it could make the world better by force

turn 0 : cut-and-dry implies World War II was easy to understand and not complicated

turn 0 : (1) Implied meaning: Are you suggesting that despite the good things Franklin Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln did, they were still wrong for certain actions?

turn 0 : The numbers are not completely confirmed and memories of the trade war are what people are thinking about.

turn 0 : The civil war had good parts and bad parts. He lead the country and destroyed as much of it as possible.


Again, I was a founding chairman. I feel an obligation, and I think, in times like these, we do need the arts to really lift our spirits.

Can you give an example maybe of how a piece of art might fill that goal?A lot of people - just to play devil's advocate - might say, people are losing their homes to foreclosure. What is a piece of art going to do?What would you say?

Well, I think, if one goes to a performance, whether it's a theater, symphony, or museum and sees an exhibition, it lets your mind get away from the economic trauma we're all living in. It lifts our spirits.

Is there a particular piece of art - you have so many in your collection - but is there one you can think of now where you look at and you might see hope in what otherwise might look like a dour time to some?

turn 2 : Despite tough times, art will survive and music helps people cope.

turn 2 : The hard work and emotions put into creating art are not always acknowledged or remembered.

turn 2 : Art helps people escape from the harsh reality of life.

turn 2 : This is implying that A believes art should have an interesting or captivating element to it.

turn 2 : Life should be lived in the moment rather than for posterity.


Yeah. Some of the Republicans who used to sound the alarm about rising deficits during the Obama administration seem less concerned about that now. I'm not sure if that's because they've gotten some new economic theory. It may have more to do just with who's in charge. During the recession, we saw dire warnings about debt-to-GDP ratios. Those turned out not to be true. A better question might be, you know, what are we running up the debt for?

During World War II, the country ran huge deficits, and I think history generally considers that money well spent to preserve democracy, defeat the Nazis. We'll see how history judges deficit spending now to provide tax cuts and boost government spending in an economy that's already close to full employment.

That is NPR's White House correspondent Scott Horsley. Thanks so much.

Good to be with you.

turn 1 : A implies that positive economic effects of the tax reductions will have positive political developments for the Republicans

turn 1 : The long-term effects of the government's stimulus bill on taxes and services are a concern.

turn 1 : People aren't spending money due to the recession.

turn 1 : Deficit spending to provide tax cuts may not be judged favorably in history

turn 1 : The $4 trillion tax cuts will be difficult to fit into the $5 trillion budget.


That's right. In the last few years where, as a fugitive, when he was living in Belgrade, he eked out this living as a new age guru. He grew a big bushy white beard, had glasses, had a top knot at the top of his head tied up with a black ribbon. He presented this rather remarkable monk-like figure and, as you say, hid in plain sight. He was often at seminars and conferences about alternative medicine.

He went to his local bar and he didn't sit on the sidelines there. He took center stage and actually played a kind of Balkan fiddle called a gusle. And everyone stood around and clapped and applauded him. And he was sitting under a portrait of Radovan Karodzic, this man who was the hero for most of the people in the bar. And not one of them spotted the resemblance.

He lived across the stairwell in his block of flats from a woman who worked with Interpol. And her - every time she went into work, she logged on to her computer and saw the world's most wanted, including Osama bin Laden and Radovan Karodzic. And the penny never dropped. It was like a long-running performance that only came to an end really when his brother made a vital slip.

He made a phone call, right?What happened?

turn 1 :  Implied meaning: Radovan Karodzic was a war criminal but no one in the bar recognized him as such.

turn 1 : The people in the bar were either ignorant or supportive of the war criminal Radovan Karadzic, which is concerning.

turn 1 : The sentence given to Karodzic serves as a warning to those who commit war crimes that there will be consequences for their actions.

turn 1 : Karodzic's brother made a mistake that ultimately exposed his identity.


turn 2 : The woman's job with Interpol put her in a position to identify Karodzic but she failed to recognize him.

turn 2 : The woman worked with Interpol and had the opportunity to recognize Radovan Karodzic but she never did.

turn 2 : The phone call made by the person was a mistake that led to their identification as a potential associate of the war criminal Radovan Karadzic.

turn 2 : Karodzic's brother made a mistake that ultimately exposed his identity.


Oh, I really like the scene at DefCon. I don't think there's a single corner of the U. S.  or, you know, maybe even the world, where people take their privacy more seriously.

People pay their own way, right?Why do they go?

Well, people come here for a mix of reasons, OK?Some people are coming here for skills building. There are little villages in DefCon - as they're called. So one village, for example, teaches you how to break locks. Another village is focused on social engineering. And that's when you can learn to how to use the deep web - the parts of the web that are not on Google - to fish for information, which is a great tool for a journalist to have. Other people come here for recruitment. While this is a very countercultural space and you have, you know, mohawks and tattoos - even face tattoos - you know, this is also a place where the establishment comes over to look for their next talent. So you actually have a lot of side-conversations between people that look very different. And you can tell that people are talking about jobs and career.

Have they played spot the fed this year?I mean, has there been any government presence - any NSA on site?

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker is indirectly suggesting that they have personal experience or knowledge related to the topic being discussed, and are subtly trying to convey their expertise without appearing arrogant.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker might be implying a hidden agenda or ulterior motive behind their words, actions, or decisions, without making it explicit.

turn 2 : B is asking about the process of collaboration, not the literal combination of talents.

turn 2 : The implied meaning is that DefCon is a place where people with diverse backgrounds and interests come together, and it is also a place where employers come to look for talent.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker is making a subtle suggestion or insinuation that others may pick up on, but without being too direct or forceful.


Some analysts call the decision a compromise rather than a punt, but the ruling leaves open many questions about what's next for affirmative action. We're joined now, as we often are, by David Savage, Supreme Court correspondent for the Los Angeles Times and Chicago Tribune newspapers. He joins us by phone from his office here in Washington. David, always good to have you with us.

Hi Neal.

Waiting a long time for this decision on a case the justices seemed to have picked to issue a sweeping ruling on affirmative action.

Yes, this is one that the most surprising aspect of it is what they didn't do. When this case came up for argument in October, it sure looked like the case that the conservatives had wanted to basically say no to affirmative action. Five of them are very familiar with this subject and have in the past been very skeptical of the idea of using race.

turn 0 : The behavior was unacceptable to what the people would accept.

turn 0 : The decision was not something that was given up by one side.

turn 0 : It is unclear exactly what the motive for the actions was.

turn 0 : (1) Implied meaning: Are you suggesting that despite the good things Franklin Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln did, they were still wrong for certain actions?

turn 0 : The situation is uncertain and they need to take it one step at a time


And eventually the crowd around him - the crowd of press, kind of got a little bigger. And he sort of looked around and said, maybe this is not something I should be laughing about because, you know, we are in a different age.

Mark, I've got to tell you - this is why I watch the Super Bowl, but I can't watch football during the regular season. It is hard for me to look at those talented athletes and think half of them, if not more, are going to wind up being permanently damaged by what I'm watching them do on the field.

I will tell you, Scott, that the National Football League is very worried about the likes of you and people like you, of which there are many, who are taking a more closer moral look at what they're watching. I mean, football, for many years, has been the great spectacle of American life. Every year, it's, like, 70 or 75 of the most watched television shows in America are almost always football games. We love football.

Having said that, there are a lot more people, and it happens every year. And you have research that comes out every week, it seems, and testimonials from retired players and researched brains from dead players that tell us a little bit more. And as we get smarter, I think the league, you know, has to try to keep up with some kind of rule changes and equipment changes.

turn 1 : The speaker was able to empathize with the film's portrayal of the risks associated with playing football, realizing that their own participation in the sport could have serious consequences. This suggests the power of media and storytelling to influence and educate individuals about important issues.

turn 1 : The speaker did not receive any prior warning or education about the risks of playing football, indicating a lack of adequate information and awareness among coaches, families, and society as a whole about the dangers of sports-related injuries.

turn 1 : The speaker feels guilty about watching football because of the permanent damage it causes to players' health

turn 1 : Football players today have too much respect for each other to intentionally hurt another player, despite injuries occurring on the field.


turn 1 : The person must be watching every moment and every detail of the games.

turn 1 : Professional football is still popular, but it has declined in viewership and raised concerns over players' safety and political protests.

turn 1 : Watching football is difficult because of the risk of players being permanently damaged.

turn 1 : This statement implies that the British are known for Soccer disruption.


Well, we don't have a clear answer on that. That's not something that either side is answering in black and white. But the unusual nature of this information sharing certainly raises that question again with Manafort. And Manafort of course does face the possibility of spending the rest of his life in prison with the conviction in Virginia and then the plea deal in Washington. And the president certainly didn't do anything this week to try to head off talk of a possible pardon.

No, he - in fact, he said that's still on the table. Why should I take it off the table, right?

Exactly. exactly.

And a March 5 sentencing date for Paul Manafort, right?

turn 0 : "raises that question again with Manafort" - The literal meaning is that the unusual nature of information sharing raises a question about Manafort. The actual meaning could be that the information sharing suggests Manafort may have information about the president that could lead to a pardon.

turn 0 : "That cooperation deal collapsed after the special counsel's team essentially said that he lied to investigators about a number of things." - The actual meaning here is that Manafort broke the cooperation deal by lying to investigators, which resulted in the deal collapsing.

turn 0 : "Any chance of a presidential pardon?" - The actual meaning here is whether there is a possibility that President Trump will pardon Manafort, which would mean he would not have to serve his sentence.

turn 0 : "Otherwise, blameless life." - The literal meaning of this turn is a statement about Manafort's past behavior, but its actual meaning is to mitigate his crimes and argue for a more lenient sentence.

turn 0 : (1) In turn (1), the speaker implies that the arrest of the two prominent individuals is concerning and raises questions about the current situation in Iraq.


Exactly. exactly.

turn 1 : "Any chance of a presidential pardon?" - The actual meaning here is whether there is a possibility that President Trump will pardon Manafort, which would mean he would not have to serve his sentence.

turn 1 : "The question that hangs over all of this is whether Judge Jackson here in D.C. is going to make him serve, whatever sentence she gives him, simultaneously or stagger it." - The actual meaning here is that the question is whether Manafort will have to serve his sentence in D.C. in addition to the sentence he received in Virginia, or whether the sentences will be served at the same time.

turn 1 : "Otherwise, blameless life." - The literal meaning of this turn is a statement about Manafort's past behavior, but its actual meaning is to mitigate his crimes and argue for a more lenient sentence.

turn 1 : "Why should I take it off the table, right?" - The literal meaning is that the president is questioning why he should remove the possibility of a pardon from consideration. The actual meaning could be that the president is still considering a pardon for Manafort.


I mean, well, first of all, it's a real place. It's called Highclere. So when it's blown up to the big screen, it's not like a set that looks chintzy and you can see the seams. This is a real dining room, a real library. And you see some of the grounds. The grounds, it turns out - I didn't know this - were landscaped by a man with one of my favorite names, Capability Brown.

(Laughter) Love that.

He's a famous landscape architect. And he did the original Highclere grounds. And they look great.

I was amazed, watching it, at how many plotlines they were able to squeeze in. I left, like, counting them.

turn 3 : Their notion is to do as much as you can and don't think about the numbers too much.

turn 3 : "What was really exciting about this was until, I think it was maybe April or May of this year, nobody had been able to prove that there were infinitely many of these pairs."

turn 3 : when someone or somethings days are/were counted means that they are dead, or for a company means going out of business, or in some cases it means the person is in trouble

turn 3 : I left counting them means there were so many of them, not that I actually counted them.

turn 3 : The usage of the word started to become used as singular and plural.


Yeah, he's a great story, absolutely. Another great story, though, before I let you get away from here is Mike Tomlin, headed to the Super Bowl, in what, his second, third year as a coach?That's pretty impressive.

Oh, yeah, yeah. I mean, I think Jim said this is not just he's his brother, but that, you know, his kind is - he leads a group of very young coaches, and I think in front of our eyes we've seen this transformation from the sort of old, recycled guys to all these young bloods with a lot of perk and energy.

You know, the Rooney Rule that Jim Brown made reference to with Art Rooney hiring, the Rooney family hiring Mike Tomlin, this is an example of, give a brother a chance and some good things can happen.

Yeah. We need a Rooney Rule on the media, Tony. Of course, we'll get to that next month, but. . .

turn 3 : The speaker is worried that their work may contribute to the stereotype that black people are oversexualized.

turn 3 : black people  implies African American people and not black color humans beings

turn 3 : We need more people to hire black people in the media.

turn 3 : why this part is used to empower black america

turn 3 : Some people stereotype black people as oversexed, and the speaker is afraid that their work might reinforce this stereotype.


Well, I guess you could say almost anything is possible. But I can tell you that I think the program has shown almost no effectiveness. I think at their height, they did four arrests one year. That was costing over $200 million per arrest. CNN had a story that said sleep-deprived, medicated, suicidal and armed federal air marshals in disarray. Years ago, another - a former member of Congress told me one time, he said we did everything we really needed to do when we locked the cockpit doors. That very inexpensive thing has probably done more for air security than anything else.

I mean, it's tempting, and certainly we do it in the news business, to look at a figure like $9 billion and say, you know, figure out what that cost per arrest and everything. But I wonder, isn't it in a sense worth, I don't know, a billion dollars a year to the American people to have that deterrent aboard?Because as people in the program have pointed out, if something happens, there's no one else to call upon for help in an airliner.

Well, you could justify almost anything on that basis. But I will tell you that on any cost-benefit analysis, this program does not hold muster. I can tell you also that while a billion dollars might not seem like much money in the whole federal government. . .

Oh, no, it's a lot of money. Don't get me wrong. . .

turn 2 : In this turn, the speaker is not just providing a definition of success but also implying that the program is already showing signs of success by highlighting the increase in tips and information received.

turn 2 : While it is possible that some people may interpret this turn as simply stating a lack of effectiveness, the phrase "hold muster" suggests a stronger implication that the program falls short of certain standards or requirements.

turn 2 : "What kind of hard decisions do the folks in your program have to make?"  The actual meaning implied in this turn is: "What difficult choices or determinations do the people involved in your program have to make?"

turn 2 : Turn (1) has a non-literal meaning. The speaker is suggesting that the cost of the program may be justified by its deterrent effect, even though it may not be cost-effective in terms of the number of arrests made.


For decades there has been this idea that women were not professional unless they were torturing around in a heel. But I think if you strip all that away and go down to really base level, we've got to admit that, you know, it is - it's patriarchal, and it's misogynistic. It's this idea that women should be sort of slowed down and debilitated.

So I think it's quite tricky. I think, you know, in the paragraph you just read out, I was trying to sort of explore that duality that we get with a lot of these conversations. We have it around, you know, bikini waxes and makeup and a lot of the sort of traditional trappings of femininity, this idea that it can be something we enjoy doing and that we sort of take a pleasure in doing. But it's impossible to know whether we would be doing it if we lived outside a patriarchal society.

So why do you say you suspect that they might be over?

Well, fashion really has led us in a certain direction. So for the last few years, we've seen the rise of the fashion sneaker. We've seen, you know, magazine editors, models, celebrities comfortably kind of bouncing around in sneakers. And suddenly, dress codes have changed. So it's completely acceptable to turn up to quite a smart party wearing a lovely dress with a pair of sneakers on the bottom. This summer we've seen the rise of the ugly sandal as well.

turn 0 : High heels are associated with making an effort and being appropriate, especially for public figures

turn 0 : She wore her high heels no matter what the pain she endured from them.

turn 0 : Wear those shoes is implying that the person has dealt with that in life

turn 0 : There is an idea that women must suffer through the pain of wearing high heeled shoes to be professional.


Happens to be benched. What do you make of this?I think Vince's issues I think are quite different from Tarvaris. I think there was a lot of pressure on Vince from the time he came out of Texas to kind of be the black Johnny Unitas, and he's going to - they'll both have an opportunity to sit and watch, and hopefully come back with a vengeance.

One really quick other black quarterback not in the league at the moment, in Atlanta, Michael Vick. Is Matt Ryan, the replacement, making Atlanta Falcon fans forget Michael Vick?

I wouldn't say that. Maybe that first week he did, but there will only be one Michael Vick. Remember, Tony, Michael Vick was the most exciting quarterback in the NFL, and there's still talk and anticipation of him playing when he gets out.

All right. Let's move on to baseball because we're moving into the time of the year, at least for me, when baseball really becomes interesting. This year we had a couple of blockbuster trades involving Manny Ramirez going from Boston to the Dodgers, and we also had C. C. Sabathia going from the Cleveland Indians to the Milwaukee Brewers, and they turned their respective teams around. So, the question is, are they - should they be considered as MVP candidates even though they've only been there a short time?

turn 0 : He has not been on a bench but has been working as a judge for some time.

turn 0 : "adding blacks to the - at least, district court bench" - Literal meaning: appointing black judges to the district court bench. Actual meaning: Increasing diversity in the judiciary.

turn 0 : Being benched implies temporary substitution and inactiveness,  not being seated in a bench

turn 0 : to hold out in this context means to wait


turn 0 : The fact that the quarterback is black is important to the conversation

turn 0 : (1) - The actual meaning is that every president in their first year faces unexpected challenges, and Donald Trump is currently facing one. He may be feeling the pressure and acting out as a result.

turn 0 : Vince's issues are related to the pressure he faced due to expectations of being the next great black quarterback.

turn 0 : A faced racism from both white and black people due to his behavior and interests not aligning with stereotypes of his skin color.


We recommend - we have a lot of recommendations. We think they're very practical. It can be done. Some of them are internal in the government themselves. There are internal changes Congress needs to make so that it can be more effective in this, and other commissions have recommended them. Now, let's do it. Let's get it done.

We want the life science community to work with the government about how to self-regulate. In other words, what kind of protocols can we use so that we can keep track of high containment labs better. And then, we say we need to emphasize Pakistan. Now, it's funny that this report is coming out now because we saw in the course of this that Pakistan is an epicenter for all of these risks that we're talking about.

Jim Talent, former senator from Missouri, thank you.

Thank you.

turn 0 : They mention that the House of Representatives done everything in their power to make sure they needs are met.

turn 0 : Congress and the president are not working at the moment.

turn 0 : Congress is not doing its job and is passing their responsibilities to the president who then abuses his power

turn 0 : (2) Implied meaning: Get enough votes to pass the legislation, no matter the number of votes required.

turn 0 : Let's get the job done by implementing the internal changes recommended by Congress and other commissions. (Line 1)


Thank you.

turn 0 : track implies awareness and not record or relating to filed

turn 0 : to break records means that a previous record was taken away by a new record

turn 0 : to cover something in this context means to report on something

turn 0 : following refer to or implies being interested in a situation or information

turn 0 : The figurative meaning here is that allowing the person to go through the entire hiring process without disclosing their criminal record increases their chances of getting a job. It suggests that withholding information about their criminal record can help them overcome potential biases.


Right. And people in Detroit and in Michigan have seen that up close. Detroit is one of the country's leading cities for foreclosures, and people have just seen the values of their houses plummet there. What do you hear from your readers?

Well, they're very angry. And the next question is, well, who are they angry at?And the answer seems to be, well, who's available. If McCain is doing a swing through the suburbs today, they'll be mad at McCain. If the Democratic governor of Michigan, Jennifer Granholm, visits Detroit, they'll be mad at her. Both candidates still have favorable ratings above 50 percent. That's a little bit at variance with what I'm hearing anecdotally from readers. They seem much more polarized than that, and the Obama people seem much more hateful towards McCain and vice versa.

And what do they want to hear from the candidates?

They want to hear how the candidates are going to stem the hemorrhaging of manufacturing jobs in Michigan or alternatively, what they're going to replace those jobs with. Michigan has been struggling with job losses, foreclosures and high unemployment for well over a year now. And there's anger, but there's also a little bit of numbness at the constant patter of bad news.

turn 1 :  The implied meaning of this turn is: Was there any particular reason for choosing this neighbourhood for your business?

turn 1 : A moved from a middle-class area to a poorer area with a stark contrast in living conditions.

turn 1 : Turn (2) has a meaning that is different from its literal meaning. The speaker is using the phrase "count it as an adventure" figuratively to mean that they view their travels and time away from home as an exciting experience for the family, rather than just a regular trip.

turn 1 : "taking a car city, a city that was designed for cars, and turning it into a walkable city" This turn has a metaphorical meaning. It does not refer to physically turning a city but rather transforming the urban infrastructure and policies to make it more pedestrian-friendly.

turn 1 : "swing through the suburbs" - actual meaning: visit the suburbs


turn 2 : "stem the hemorrhaging" - figurative meaning: stop the rapid loss

turn 2 : "tremendous miscarriage of justice" implies that something really wrong happened, not that a physical miscarriage happened.

turn 2 : That's sounds pretty horrific. Implicated meaning: Expressing shock or surprise at the information provided about fibroids.

turn 2 : The whiplash means that a person turns their head around quickly as the other person change's their opinions.

turn 2 : "gain any traction" - This means to make progress or gain momentum. It is a figurative expression that refers to the difficulty of making progress in understanding severe mental illnesses due to limited knowledge at the time.


What does the president want?Do we know?

That is the question. And it seems to be constantly changing. On Tuesday at the White House meeting, the president told lawmakers essentially, if you come up with a compromise, I'll sign what you send me. And so they did come up with a. . .

Yeah, he said I'll sign it. I'll take the heat. Yeah.

Exactly. And so they thought they had done that. And he rejected it. The White House has never put a particularly fine policy detail on what they want. I think it's fair to say he wants a win. And on this issue, it's tough for him because he needs to be able to bring something back to his base on a key issue in his campaign but also come up with a deal that Democrats can vote for.

turn 3 : Some people stereotype black people as oversexed, and the speaker is afraid that their work might reinforce this stereotype.

turn 3 : The speaker is concerned about their biracial children feeling pressure to choose between their racial identities.

turn 3 : The speaker is worried that their work may contribute to the stereotype that black people are oversexualized.

turn 3 : This statement from the passage implies the emotional impact of racism on the person of color and the discomfort and guilt experienced by the white person.

turn 3 : Interracial interactions can be negatively impacted by implicit racial biases that individuals may not even be aware they possess, highlighting the importance of awareness and education around these biases to promote understanding and positive interactions.


How are you, Scott?

Fine, thanks, but I don't have to answer a lot of these questions from persnickety grammar people. Why was the internet capitalized in the first place?

Well, that's a good question. The internet is wholly generic, like the telephone or electricity. It never was trademarked. It's not based on any proper noun. And I think the best reason for capitalizing in the past may just have been the term was new. I read that at one point people, capitalized phonograph, so maybe it was something like that, but now it's a routine part of daily life.

Is it in anyway because to a lot of people, the internet is a place?

turn 3 : The internet is not a single, centralized location, but rather a decentralized network of interconnected devices that spans the globe. It exists everywhere and nowhere at the same time, making it difficult to define as a physical place.

turn 3 : The actual meaning of this turn is to be aware of the potential consequences of what you write in emails and to be careful with what you say via email.

turn 3 :  you imply that something is the case

turn 3 : Implies that there could be a specific reason for capitalizing the internet, beyond simply being new, such as the fact that to many people, the internet is seen as a place.

turn 3 : The implied meaning of this turn is that people are worried that the reconstruction of historical sites, while intended to preserve them, may actually erase the original context and erase the history that was connected to them.


Yeah, gosh.

And so I got up and ran. And it wasn't too far. But I just - at that moment, I thought, I don't want to be shot in the back, and I need to find some cover. And there's really no place to hide. But there are these. . .

You found a little, like, alcove that you could duck into.

There was a little alcove, yeah. And I just made myself as small as I could in that little corner.

turn 2 : The speaker is suggesting that the situation might not be as serious or dangerous as it initially seemed.

turn 2 : to wrap your head around something in this context means to understand something that is really horrible

turn 2 : duck in this context means to avoid something hitting you in the head

turn 2 : lame duck implies the person is a failure or couldn't achieve success

turn 2 : The implied meaning of this turn is that the speaker has become used to working with frogs and can even enjoy eating frog legs as part of the study.


Yeah, gosh.

turn 3 :  (4) implies that the speaker is facing a difficult living situation.

turn 3 : The speaker needs the help of the Army and DOD to survive because his life is in danger.

turn 3 : Their heart did not almost stop but they did fell very close to panic when they heard the sound.

turn 3 : because the speaker said always good to be here

turn 3 : The speaker tried to protect themselves from danger.


So I - you either roll your eyes or you laugh at what politicians will do in support of their most fundamental instincts, which as I said is to preserve their own political viability.

It strikes me as not being all that different from what the Chinese badminton team did to try to get a better opponents in the next round.

Well, except there's one difference, right?The badminton team got thrown out of the Olympics. And in this one, if it works, you get elected to the U. S.  Senate.

It's also interesting, Senator McCaskill has said previously she's going to be much too busy campaigning to go to the Democratic National Convention to be photographed, presumably, with President Obama. She doesn't want to do that. I would think, now, congressman Akin may find himself much too busy to go to Tampa.

turn 0 : roll your eyes implies to ignore or pretend nothing happens and not rolling the eyes on the ground

turn 0 : "Eye on the ground" is not literal. It implies that people should view the situation from close up rather than far away.

turn 0 : You do not actually enter the person's heart or mind, it means that you start to understand their perspective

turn 0 : The person refuses to change their mind on what they think about the situation.

turn 0 : to look for something in this context means they are trying to see if something will happen


turn 1 : "... it really marks the first time that they've had an equal seat at the rulemaking table since World War II." This turn has a figurative meaning, as it suggests that China sees itself as an equal player in global decision-making and wants to have a greater say in international affairs, rather than literally referring to a physical table.

turn 1 : Suddenly they started talking about Chinese Badminton teams

turn 1 : It implies that there is a lot of political maneuvering happening behind the scenes in China which an average Chinese person have no knowledge about.

turn 1 : This statement implies that the British are known for Soccer disruption.


turn 3 : The president will propose something new later today

turn 3 : B confirms that the president is a recent one and hints at Bill Clinton being the right answer.

turn 3 : There is evidence that would support the Presidents statement.

turn 3 : Then they changed the topic to President Obama

turn 3 : Obama is not yet in power but is being kept informed of the situation


It's probably a combination of both. The sense that people have out there is that there is certainly a level of speculator buying by local investors, by local real-estate investors. But you know, there's quite a number of loans also being made to first-time buyers and others who are looking to move and so forth.

And meanwhile, there are various plans to try to get homeowners to hang on to their homes, to stay in their homes and avoid foreclosures, one coming out from the FDIC's Sheila Bair. Tell us about that.

Yeah. So, the plan that Ms.  Bair talked about yesterday at a hearing in Washington was that if servicers - these are mortgages companies that basically handle collections and billing on behalf of investors and banks - if they agree to modify some of these troubled loans in a way that the government says you should do, then the government would agree to shoulder any or shoulder a part of the future loss under this loan.

So, who would that help, the homeowners or the banks?

turn 2 : If mortgage companies agree to modify loans according to government standards, the government will help shoulder future losses.

turn 2 : The government's backing of Fannie and Freddie's debts lowered mortgage rates, but Lehman's struggles may reverse this progress.

turn 2 : The government could acquire loans and make changes more easily.

turn 2 : The rating agencies play an important role in the banks' ability to borrow money.

turn 2 : The federal government has taken control of mortgage companies Freddy Mac and Fannie Mae


I am not a dog owner. I would say I'm an aspiring dog owner. Just a couple of weeks ago I did a review of robot pets. This is the only kind of pet that I think I would be responsible enough to take care of.

OK. So cockroaches was number one. Dogs was number four. What was two and three?

Well, number two was why don't humans have a mating season?It turned out that there's an entire chapter of a book by Jared Diamond, the author of "Guns, Germs, and Steel," that looks at just that question. And question number three was about a photograph from an old issue of Life magazine showing the descendants of George Washington. The person wanted to know, who is the current living descendant of George Washington?And, I guess, who would be king of America if George Washington had been king?That question has been answered most recently in an article for Ancestry magazine.

Slate. com's Daniel Engber. Thank you, Dan.

turn 2 : The information does not boil down, but it gets to the most practical facts.

turn 2 : A is discussing a scientific concept or discovery with B.

turn 2 : (3): The research requires a lot of different initiatives. = It takes a lot of effort to research this field.

turn 2 : The person loves science and anything related to it and is intelligent.

turn 2 : A has recently researched various topics and is knowledgeable about them.


They had contracts for a five-star hotel in Amman, Jordan. They wound up being held in a room for 45, 50 days without knowing what was going to become of them. They were loaded into gypsy taxicabs, driven down the most dangerous road in the world, the Amman to Baghdad highway, which I think you had some experience with, as well, right?

Indeed, too many times. The Highway of Death.

And, predictively and foreseeably, they were kidnapped from two cars that got away from the rest. It was the first mass execution video of this horrible modern era of terrorist theater that we've all come to know, but it was a blip. The deaths of contractors - it was a parade every day. It was horrible, and it's the most horrible thing I've ever seen in my life. And, sadly, I had to watch it several times just to understand, you know, what happened to them really.

Your book begins with Kamala.

turn 1 : There is not a road but life in general that is meant here. What Syria will go through is what is meant.

turn 1 : "Highway of Death" implies the Amman to Baghdad highway because of the many deaths and violent incidents that have occurred there.

turn 1 : Jordan is open to international efforts to resolve the situation in Syria, but is not taking unilateral action

turn 1 : Isis began just as the Arab's began to collapse or at least lose popularity.


Yes. (Laughter). I suppose you're right. I mean, that may follow. But I. . .

(Laughter).

. . . Wanted to explore a masculine archetype. And that's what Daddy is. He is larger than life. He's almost too big to exist. He's straight out of mythology. He's very strong and reassuring, and he sticks by his children, et cetera. But he's also - you know, he's got this troubled streak. This sort of - this violence in him. He's entirely defined by his body, his physicality, his strength. And Cathy arrived, saying, actually, what happens when these ideals are instilled in someone who doesn't inhabit the right physicality?Or she's somebody who has a very similar temperament to her father, but she doesn't have his strength. And she's a girl. And how does she stitch together those dual identities?

Yeah. There is - not to give too much away, but there's an act of violence in the book in which a woman takes a man's life. She sees it as her only way to survive. And I have to ask if recent events and recent debates and soul searching we've had in both our countries makes the scene even more telling.

turn 0 : (1) "B: (Laughter)." This turn implies that B found something funny or amusing, but it does not provide any literal information or statement.

turn 0 : The speaker disagrees with the other person's argument.

turn 0 : (1) "Right." This turn does not convey any literal meaning, but it serves as a signal that the listener is following the speaker's train of thought and agrees with what has been said. It is a type of backchanneling, which is a signal that the listener is actively listening and engaged in the conversation.

turn 0 : he literal meaning is that the speaker agrees with something and acknowledges that the other person is correct, and they both laugh.

turn 0 : The speaker is acknowledging and agreeing with the previous speaker's statement, but does not provide any additional information or opinion. The meaning of this turn depends on the context of the conversation.


(Laughter).

turn 1 : (2) Laughter could mean disbelief, surprise, or disbelief in what A just said.

turn 1 : B's laughter does not have a literal meaning but is likely a response to something humorous or lighthearted in the conversation.

turn 1 : The turns (2) and (4) are both expressions of laughter, which implies that the speaker is amused by the story being told, rather than the literal meaning of making a noise.

turn 1 : (1) "B: (Laughter)." This turn implies that B found something funny or amusing, but it does not provide any literal information or statement.

turn 1 : the literal meaning is that the other person laughs in response to something that was said.


(Laughter).

turn 3 : not a literal meaning but rather a rhetorical question.

turn 3 : In these turns, the speakers are discussing the implications and deeper meanings behind the actions and ideologies of the person they are talking about. They are not merely discussing the literal surface-level interpretations, but rather the underlying motives, strategies, and persuasive effects of those actions and ideologies.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker is subtly trying to convey a sense of urgency or importance in the matter being discussed, without explicitly stating it.

turn 3 : the literal meaning is that the interviewer asks if recent events and debates make a scene in a book more significant.

turn 3 : 3) is the same as its literal meaning, which is asking for information about the number of stories typically received by the literary magazine.


Condemnation continues of President Trump's profane language about several foreign countries, using an especially crude word. And a warning - you're about to hear that word. At a bipartisan meeting with legislators on Thursday, the president asked why the United States would want immigrants from, quote, "shithole countries. "Until last week, roughly 200,000 Salvadorans in the U. S.  held temporary protected status. That was put in place after the devastating earthquakes hit that country in 2001. But the White House says it'll end those protections and give Salvadorans until September 2019 to return to El Salvador or face deportation.

Carlos Dada is the founder of El Faro, a news site based in San Salvador, and joins us from there. Carlos, thanks so much for being with us.

Thank you for having me, Scott.

What's the reaction in El Salvador been to the president's comments and, for that matter, your personal reaction?

turn 2 : having me implies hosting someone or engaging with someone and not referring to owning someone


Thank you for having me, Scott.

turn 3 : Latino citizens can disassociate comments from the president and focus on solid policy

turn 3 : implies that the Mexican government is trying to portray El Chapo in a negative light by discussing details of his private life.

turn 3 : "What's the reaction in El Salvador been to the president's comments and, for that matter, your personal reaction?"

turn 3 : The President's remarks suggested that he was not taking Puerto Rico's plight as seriously as he did other disaster areas.


With us now, author and economist Julianne Malveaux, she is president of Bennett College. Welcome, Dr.  Malveaux.

Greetings, Farai. How are you?

I'm doing well, but some people aren't. And let's talk about these figures and really, what is shifting in our economy right now in terms of the different sectors where people are losing these tens of thousands of jobs?

Well, people are looking ahead and they're very uncertain, and that's what we see in markets. We see people laying people off. We also have some challenge in financial market. Certainly, the Bear Stearns' crisis raises all kinds of questions. The housing market, of course, we've talked about that on this program several times, but the fact is that we see a stagnancy. We don't see growth. We see houses that are overvalued. Lots of people in mortgage crisis. People who bought homes within the last five years finding that they overpaid for their homes and they couldn't sell them in what they paid for them, so they're stuck. That removes liquidity.

turn 1 : "Thank you very kindly, Farai." - This turn has no implied meaning beyond its literal meaning of thanking Farai.

turn 1 : How are you?" - The literal meaning is a question about Farai's well-being. The implied meaning is a standard greeting used in social interactions.

turn 1 : (2) The literal meaning of turn (2) is the speaker thanking the person who introduced him, but the implied meaning is just a polite expression to acknowledge the introduction. (3) The literal meaning of turn (3) is the speaker thanking the other person, but the implied meaning is just a polite expression to end the conversation.

turn 1 : "Can you describe the mood?" - This turn is meant to inquire about the emotional state of the people in the area where the speaker is currently located. The literal meaning of the turn is clear and does not differ from its actual meaning.


Greetings, Farai. How are you?

turn 2 : The speaker explains that even though the general public has been well off, many people are starting to lose their jobs and companies are becoming bankrupt, leading to an increase in unemployment.

turn 2 : Many people are losing their jobs and companies are going bankrupt.

turn 2 : "You're doing better than the economy, right?" The literal meaning of this sentence is that the speaker is asking whether the person they are speaking to is doing better than the economy. However, the actual meaning is that the speaker is using sarcasm to imply that the economy is not doing well.

turn 2 : "I'm doing well, but some people aren't. And let's talk about these figures and really, what is shifting in our economy right now in terms of the different sectors where people are losing these tens of thousands of jobs?" - The literal meaning is a statement about the current state of the economy and its impact on employment. The implied meaning is a suggestion to discuss the economic issues and the resulting job losses.

turn 2 : (3) To be in a recession means the economy is declining.


Greetings, Farai. How are you?

turn 3 : "Certainly, the Bear Stearns' crisis raises all kinds of questions." - The literal meaning is a statement about the impact of the Bear Stearns crisis on the financial market. The implied meaning is that the Bear Stearns' crisis has resulted in uncertainty and questions about the stability of the financial market.

turn 3 : Although the literal meaning of this turn is simply asking for a description of the current situation, the implied meaning behind it is that the speaker is expressing frustration or confusion about the conflicting messages they have heard from President Trump regarding the removal or retention of U.S. forces in Syria. It could be interpreted as a way of questioning the credibility of the information that has been provided so far and seeking clarification or a more definitive answer.

turn 3 : In turn (4), the statement suggests that despite the appearance of a positive sign, the comments from the British Foreign Secretary indicate that the situation is more challenging and difficult to resolve than it may seem. The literal meaning of the words may convey a positive outlook, but the implied meaning highlights the potential obstacles and complexities involved.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of (4) is asking what North Korea wants to achieve with nuclear weapons. The implicated meaning is questioning why North Korea wants nuclear weapons in the first place.


(Laughing) You would think, but its this weird sort of a - the more I get to know them, the more they become different objects with such different ingredients that I love them more with each passing day.

(Laughing) So I have a burrito specimen here with me in the studio. And I'm going to unwrap. . .

Is it in wax paper or tinfoil?

It is in both tinfoil and wax paper.

turn 0 : The implied meaning is that the more A learns about the people they are close to, the more they appreciate them and form a stronger bond.

turn 0 : The implied meaning is that the person hopes for interaction and engagement between individuals interested in building their family tree or learning about family research, and that they will come across unexpected articles and ideas, leading to interesting discussions and experiences on the site.

turn 0 : Implied meaning: The speaker is indirectly suggesting that they may have information or opinions that they are hesitant to share openly.

turn 0 : The literal meaning is that the speaker is expressing love and gratitude towards their mother. However, the implied meaning is that the speaker's mother had a difficult childhood and overcame it to become a great parent to the speaker.

turn 0 : (1) has an implied meaning that is different from its literal meaning. The literal meaning is that the speaker is asking if there is any sign of improvement in the situation being discussed, but the implied meaning is that the situation is bad and the speaker is hoping for some positive news or indication that things will get better.


Is it in wax paper or tinfoil?

It is in both tinfoil and wax paper.

turn 1 : It implies that A believe and understand what B means to a large extent.

turn 1 : The implied meaning is that B has a unique and special person in their life that they want to share with the world.

turn 1 : B is impressed or surprised by what A said.

turn 1 : B disagrees with the premise of the question but is willing to discuss it further.


Is it in wax paper or tinfoil?

It is in both tinfoil and wax paper.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be hinting at a deeper meaning or intention behind their words or actions, which requires further investigation or understanding to fully grasp.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker is hinting at something indirectly and expects the listener to read between the lines.

turn 2 : The implied meaning is that A is inquiring about the details surrounding B's special person.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker might be implying a hidden agenda or ulterior motive behind their words, actions, or decisions, without making it explicit.

turn 2 :  B implies that the character A is old or elderly.


Is it in wax paper or tinfoil?

It is in both tinfoil and wax paper.

turn 3 : (4) is a straightforward denial of B's implied meaning, and does not carry any additional implied meanings beyond that.

turn 3 : The actual meaning, however, is emphasizing the importance of honoring the parents' decision and questioning the hospital's interference in the parents' role and their desire to provide Charlie with the best possible care and chance for survival.

turn 3 : B is implying that the situation is challenging and nerve-wracking for those involved in the operation, not necessarily that A and their team are nervous.

turn 3 : The actual meaning of (4) is that B is expressing appreciation for the invitation, and that he will bring something as a gift when he visits.

turn 3 : The implied meaning is that B's special person is being given the utmost care and protection.


I have been late. Now I'm right on time. And I make mistakes, but at least they're mine. I'd sign my life away on a dotted line Just to get the love I deserve. . .

That's News & Notes. Glad you could join us. Nicole Childers, Christabel Nsiah-Buadi and Geoffrey Bennett produced the show. Sasa Woodruff is the editor. Sonata Lee Narcisse directs. The technical director is Sherene Strausberg. Marcia Caldwell and Shawn Corey Campbell are our drive engineers. The News & Notes staff includes Roy Hurst, Geoffrey Gardner, Devin Robins, Zachary Slobig, Joanne Griffith, Drew Tewkesbury, Allison Samuels and Jim Wallace. To listen to the show or subscribe to the podcast, visit our Web site, nprnewsandnotes. org. To join the conversation or sign up for the newsletter, visit our blog at nprnewsandviews. org. News & Notes was created by NPR News and the African-American Public Radio Consortium. On Monday, short on cash these days?Well, what if your neighborhood got together and started printing its own money?It's already happening. We'll look at the spread of customized community currency.

(Singing) Growing up too fast. I have the best friends you could ever have, But I don't know what I got 'til it's gone. . .

Because I lose every single game I play 'Cause I'm a slave to my distractions. I climb a mountain for every mess I make, But can't get no satisfaction.

turn 0 : The actual meaning was differ from the original meaning that is the right answer

turn 0 : A is admitting their mistake and asking for forgiveness

turn 0 : missed your calling  implies not to follow one's talent or gift in destiny

turn 0 : A is not actually talking about being late or making mistakes, but rather about deserving love.

turn 0 : has a literal meaning of "Yes, the numbers aren't looking good for the person," but its actual meaning is "It looks like the person isn't likely to succeed."


turn 0 : Implied meaning: People are feeling resentment and anger towards people who think they don't have to follow the same rules as everyone else.

turn 0 : You do not actually enter the person's heart or mind, it means that you start to understand their perspective

turn 0 : A is expressing a desire for love and acceptance, despite making mistakes.


And let's just say, it was a fishing expedition. It was financed by Trump's opponents in both parties. Some fishing expeditions do come back with fish. And if this one actually did and some of that finds its way into the hands of special independent prosecutor Bob Mueller's investigators, then the dossier might, in some sense, inform their questions about Russian interference because all of this was about Trump's ties to people in Russia.

Right. And those questions about Russian interference will also be front and center in the upcoming hearings that we mentioned for the tech giants - Facebook, Twitter and Google executives who are going to be before Congress over two days this coming week. What will they be grilled about?

You know, in recent days, we have learned a good deal more about how extensive the Russian involvement in social media was, particularly the number of ads running on Facebook and how they were targeted. And some of this was using some of the people in Facebook who work with advertisers - big advertisers - and who help you target exactly the people you're trying to reach.

So this might have been - it appears to have been one of the main ways in which these Russian elements were trying to put a big thumb on the scale in the 2016 election.

turn 0 : to look for something in this context means they are trying to see if something will happen

turn 0 : (1) Fishing expedition: a search for information or evidence that is conducted with little or no direction and is likely to be fruitless.

turn 0 : following refer to or implies being interested in a situation or information

turn 0 : Preparing for something anticipated, but uncertain of where and when it would happen.

turn 0 : to approach someone with something in this context means you are showing them something


turn 1 : Leaning into your gas grill meaning simply use the grill.

turn 1 : (2) Grill: to question someone intensively and aggressively.

turn 1 : A is criticizing guests who overstep their boundaries during barbecues

turn 1 : Mr. Grillo's desire to destroy everything for personal gain is irresponsible.


turn 3 : Implied meaning: It's important to take a step back and reflect on our actions before making decisions.

turn 3 :  implies that you should be mindful of the information you hear and stay informed.

turn 3 : Their notion is to do as much as you can and don't think about the numbers too much.

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be using a euphemism or understatement to convey a more significant or sensitive message.

turn 3 : (4) Put a thumb on the scale: to take deliberate and unfair steps to influence the outcome of a situation.


Yeah.

. . . "Giant Steps" is more like leaning forward in the passenger seat of a speeding racecar, (laughter) you know?

All right. Let's listen to another good album from 1959. This is "Take Five" from Dave Brubeck, his album "Time Out. "

If "Kind Of Blue" is sitting in an armchair with a martini or a cocktail, this - speaking of vices - feels like smoking in an alley to me.

(Laughter) And so much of that attitude comes from the sound of the alto saxophonist, Paul Desmond, who - actually, his tone was once described by a jazz critic in terms of a dry martini.

turn 4 : Paul Desmond's saxophone tone is crisp and sophisticated like a dry martini

turn 4 : The cello plays a significant role in the album.

turn 4 : B is interested in the connection between jazz and hip-hop in A's work.

turn 4 : Having it to compared music as poetry and music has the heartstrings of everyone listening to the melodies of the instrument and words.


Do you report them?

Yeah. I mean, I can call up, you know, different agencies if I have enough information. And in this instance, I did. I do know that, you know, a couple days later, I saw the same person was booked into the jail for domestic violence. You know, for me, that helps me to sleep at night because just maybe that firearm that I would've sold that person - what would it have done if it would've been used in that crime?

Were there other instances where maybe something bought from your store, you know, was used to commit a crime, or is this the first time that you've had to deal with something like this?

You know, it comes around. This is the first time where it's been national, and we've had all kinds of coverage of it. But it is not an uncommon thing to have the FBI or the ATF call up and say, we need to know this person's information or what happened with this situation. That happens probably every couple months.

turn 3 : The speaker is expressing appreciation for the opportunity of being able to discuss the issue.

turn 3 : The speaker has had multiple interactions with law enforcement agencies inquiring about the activities of their customers.

turn 3 : The speaker tried to protect themselves from danger.

turn 3 : The speaker finds it fitting to talk about immigration at JFK Airport due to its connection to travel and border control.

turn 3 : In (4), the speaker asks if the other person can recall a scene that accurately portrays suspects' behavior when questioned by the police. The implied meaning is that the speaker is interested in finding examples of suspects speaking to the police despite having the right to remain silent, possibly to better understand the phenomenon.


Well, we've seen - it's become more difficult under the Trump administration for members of the military to get citizenship. It's been more difficult for them to get paperwork filed for their family members. It's more difficult for them to prevent the deportation of their family members.

Well, how are they making it more difficult?What examples do you have?

During the Obama administration, Janet Napolitano had created a program called basic training naturalization. It allowed the troops to get their citizenship really quickly. And the Trump administration has eliminated that program. They've also made it harder for the troops to file applications for citizenship. And it's taking much longer for them to make a decision on those applications. Recently they also announced they were going to close some of the international USCIS offices that process people for citizenship overseas, which will make it even more difficult for military members.

Now, I understand that you were one of the people who started a program to recruit people who aren't U. S.  citizens into the U. S.  military. That program was known as MAVNI - Military Accessions Vital to the National Interest. The program has effectively been suspended - right?- but it already started slowing down during the Obama administration. Is that right?

turn 0 : The administration is unsure of how to defend their stance on the citizenship question.

turn 0 : Military members are facing challenges getting citizenship under Trump administration

turn 0 : It's possible for U.S. individuals to serve in foreign militaries, but it's unclear if there are consequences for doing so

turn 0 : The citizenship question has been a topic of confusion and inconsistency.


turn 2 : The administration is unsure of how to defend their stance on the citizenship question.

turn 2 : The Trump administration has taken several steps that have made it harder for military members to get citizenship

turn 2 : The US immigration policy should bring in the best and brightest from around the world

turn 2 : Democrats are trying to limit the President's power to take military action without approval from Congress.


Thank you for having me.

So first, let me ask, you know, how bad is the outbreak?How many people have died?And what did you see as you traveled into the countryside?

At the moment, there have been 600 confirmed and suspected cases according to the ministry of health. You know, the biggest worry is that the virus or the disease is spreading slowly or down south to Goma, which is the regional capital in eastern Congo. If Ebola hits Goma, then there are real fears that the crisis could spread globally because the city sits on the border with Rwanda. And it also has an international airport. And, you know, international organizations like the WHO have already started kind of contingency plans by setting up a treatment center there and vaccinating future frontline workers.

Now, as you traveled, you found that these regional militias known as the Mai-Mai were really interfering with the health workers, and the health workers sort of had to negotiate in order to be able to get to people to help them.

turn 3 : (3) Had a mandatory evacuation been ordered, they would have had to evacuate the hospitals.

turn 3 : The health workers had to use tactics to convince the Mai-Mai to let them access people in need of help.

turn 3 : They didn't get into position in the same way as some places were protests and riots occurred.

turn 3 : The disaster was so severe that it was impossible to save everyone, and the situation was out of control.


So, right then, your life changed. You quit your job. You made plans to leave your family for a year and go to China.

Well, yeah. My weight had gotten so out of control that I wasn't even working at that time, unable to work.

So, when you got there seven months ago, how much did you weigh?

I weighed approximately 646 pounds.

turn 0 : The turn "your life changed" in (1) is an idiomatic expression that means a significant event or series of events that dramatically altered the course of one's life. Its actual meaning is different from its literal meaning, which would be that the person's life physically changed.

turn 0 : A life can not literally be turned upside down. The implied meaning is that the life is greatly disrupted.

turn 0 : (1) has an implied meaning that is different from its literal meaning. The literal meaning is that the speaker is asking if there is any sign of improvement in the situation being discussed, but the implied meaning is that the situation is bad and the speaker is hoping for some positive news or indication that things will get better.

turn 0 : None of the words in turn (1) have a different meaning from their literal meanings.

turn 0 : The actual meaning was differ from the original meaning that is the right answer


I weighed approximately 646 pounds.

turn 1 :  The turn of phrase whose actual meaning is different from its literal meaning is:  (2) "out of the gate" - in this context, it means how well the horse starts the race from the starting gate, rather than literally coming out of a gate.

turn 1 : Turn (2) has an actual meaning that is different from its literal meaning. The speaker is not discussing an attempt to physically move goalposts, but rather a rhetorical strategy of avoiding answering certain questions.

turn 1 : the turn "out of control" in (2) is an idiomatic expression that means something is unmanageable or chaotic. Its actual meaning is different from its literal meaning, which would be that the person's weight was physically out of their control.

turn 1 : The turn in (2) is a figurative expression and its actual meaning is different from its literal meaning.

turn 1 : Implied meaning: The speaker is subtly suggesting that the other person is being unreasonable or unrealistic in their expectations or demands.


Well, I think it's complicated, to be honest with you. I think part of it is that I wanted to appear strong. I wanted to appear as if I could suck it up and take whatever came my way with a sense of humor. I wanted to be taken seriously and not, you know, is one of those women who somehow was overly emotional or naggy or, you know, to complain about, you know, the things that were often said to me or in my presence about other women. And so for me, that was constantly an inner conflict that I was trying to manage. And frankly, there was a lot of productivity probably that went into having to manage that kind of thing that really is real.

Do you think that culture drove out women from the national security environment?I mean, women working in that sect are vastly outnumbered by men?

There's no doubt. We all have our own red lines and our own saturation points that we get to with us. But there's absolutely no doubt. And I say that on the basis of - you know, of data because of women coming to me over time. And sometimes their reasons for leaving were cloaked in other things. But I think that very clearly for a lot of them who were willing to, you know, be a bit more forthright in why they were choosing to leave was the exhaustion.

What is the impact in your view when you don't have women in senior leadership positions?What do women bring to the table?

turn 1 : Women are vulnerable due to lack of privacy and basic necessities

turn 1 : The lack of women in national security is due to cultural factors which prevents them.

turn 1 : ISIS crimes did not make some women lose confidence

turn 1 : The women are not running but they are trying to get elected.


Well - and very fortunately because the plane at the time he bailed out was headed more or less straight for a densely populated area - Pensacola, Florida. And if you look at the map, it came down just a few miles outside of town, also not far from the Gulf. That plane almost - he almost did guide it into the Gulf maybe 10 miles away.

And since this plane crashed, has anybody heard from Marcus Schrenker?

Well, supposedly one of his friends or acquaintances did get an email from him today. The county sheriff's office in Milton, Florida, which is sort of coordinating the crash investigation, said they couldn't confirm that email, but there were reports that he did send out this email.

Business reporter for the Indianapolis Star, Jeff Swiatek, thank you.

turn 0 : It is not a test for pilots but a trial, first test to see how the system works.

turn 0 : The pilot could have intentionally crashed the plane.

turn 0 : This made the person have to stay where they were at.

turn 0 : This statement implies that FAA could not expect Boeing to essentially self-inspect their own aircraft.

turn 0 : He did not have a canoeing accident, he was running away from something.


And again, art is predicated. Art lives off of, you know, making a lot of errors. And I certainly now feel like I've got, like, you know, a ton of space in which to kind of screw up and from that screw-up hopefully do something really nice.

Do you think you'll still be in that same world that you've written about in your other books, or will you - you don't know yet.

Yeah, I mean, I don't want to for this next book. This next book, I'm trying to make kind of more of a science-fictiony type book. But you never know until the book is finished what in the world it's going to be. I have dreams for my books, but it's like having dreams for your kids. You know, you want your kids to be this serious engineer or doctor, and they turn around, and they're kind of a crazy left-wing artist, and you're like darn, how did that turn out?

You know, you're known for taking a long time to finish your books, as well, I think.

turn 0 : A feels pressure to work faster as an artist in a society that values speed and efficiency.

turn 0 : They had a hard time coming up with something that would amaze and impress people.

turn 0 : Artists need to make mistakes to create something great.

turn 0 : "the art world has been so distracted by ridiculously obscenely high prices" - The actual meaning of this turn is not that the art world is physically distracted, but rather that the focus and attention of the art world have been diverted by high prices.

turn 0 : A is unhappy that their music is not receiving as much attention as other artists.2. B is trying to console A by mentioning that they have received praise from Vibe Magazine.


I'm fine, thanks. Let's begin with the playoffs from last week. The Steelers beat the Bengals.

Brutal game.

Ugly, wasn't it?Not just ugly, vicious. That's what I mean.

It was a vicious game and also a game that - I've watched a lot of sports. I've never seen a team do so many dumb things as the Bengals did to lose that game in the final minutes.

turn 3 : The teams were not upset emotionally but picked to win and lost.

turn 3 : most perfect catch in superbowl history was implied

turn 3 : A isn't really ready to snap on the pass. That just means that the coach's enthusiasm was infectious, and 'A' felt like he was ready to play football for him.

turn 3 : The ball that was thrown was caught and it could only have been a miracle due to how and when in the game it was thrown.

turn 3 : The Steelers and Bengals were both playing aggressively and making mistakes that could have cost them the


And what a mess it's going to be because you've got 73 British seats out of 751 total. So once Brexit happens, presuming it does, you've got, you know, basically 10% of the Parliament that's just going to vanish. Some of those seats that will go to U. K.  candidates now will be abolished altogether, and others will be redistributed to other member states, who also very much would've liked to have that happen before these elections. But the U. K.  is going to play a huge role in electing a body that it won't even be a member of long-term.

It sounds incredibly messy. I want to ask also about these nationalist and far-right candidates more broadly across the European Union, since we're in a time where that sentiment is on the rise. How are those candidates expected to do in places like France and Italy?

Well, France and Italy are two places where they're expected to do quite well. You've got Marine Le Pen running basically neck-and-neck with President Emmanuel Macron's party. So that certainly is disconcerting to the mainstream political parties. And, of course, Italy's Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini is one of the most popular politicians in all of Europe. So some of those parties are expected to do quite well.

And, in fact, they were just holding a meeting of 12 of these far-right parties this weekend, banding together trying to rally support ahead of the elections. And if you listen to them, they say that they could come in even second or a third political group, but polls show them still down around fourth.

turn 2 :  (3).  In this turn, the speaker asks what the senator symbolizes in the current political race. The literal meaning of the words is clear, but the implied meaning is more complex. The speaker is really asking the senator to define their political platform and message, and to explain how they differ from their competitors. The question is meant to elicit a nuanced response that goes beyond simple symbolism.

turn 2 : it is a metaphorical field, it just means there are not as many candidates running for the election as there was in the past because some decided not to continue running

turn 2 : "Well, both candidates have stumped a lot in Michigan, and is either candidate getting more traction?" - This turn has a literal meaning and is also used with its actual meaning.

turn 2 : Neck and neck means that they are tied in voting numbers.

turn 2 : It is the number of people voted in that are of a particular party, not an actual seat.


Billion with a B. And they have their own cable channels. I mean, they're major sports players. And almost all that revenue comes from two sports, men's basketball and football.

So where does all of that money go?

Not to the student athletes. Under NCAA rules, they're amateurs. They cannot be compensated beyond their scholarships and the cost of attending college. But it goes to coaches' salaries. It goes to facilities. It goes to the conference commissioners who all make an excess of $2 million now. There are a lot of people who are millionaires because of these sports. And so everyone gets paid except for the student athletes.

So how does race factor into all of this?

turn 2 :  The actual meaning of this turn is that professional athletes should take advantage of the opportunities they have and make the most of them, because they may not get the same opportunity again.

turn 2 :  Implied meaning: These cases may lead to a general mistrust of institutions that are supposed to represent hard work and excellence

turn 2 : It implies that Student-athletes are being exploited for their labor and not fairly compensated.

turn 2 : "Takes dollars away from students" implies that they are actually taking money from the student's pockets.

turn 2 : Reform for college athlete treatment is progressing slowly, but key people are listening.


So where does all of that money go?

turn 3 : This implies the level of Racial discrimination on Campuses.

turn 3 : This implies that there is a racial component to the exploitation of student-athletes.

turn 3 : The exhibit helps students realize people of different races can get along.

turn 3 : The speaker is worried that their work may contribute to the stereotype that black people are oversexualized.


It is. There is an auction being held out of Boston that is auctioning off the first Hasselblad camera to fly in space. This was the first professional quality camera that astronauts used to photograph the Earth.

Now, since it went to space and since it was the first thing of its kind to go to space, what sort of price is that going to bring?

It's really hard to tell. This is a fascinating piece of history and just to put this into some perspective, another Hasselblad camera that's sort of the direct lineage of this camera - that was said to have flown to the moon - sold earlier this year for nearly a million dollars. And that camera had a lot of questions about its history. This one has a really solid history in terms of - we know what astronauts used it, we know how it was obtained. So there's a lot of excitement about the possibility of this camera setting a new record, maybe breaking the seven figure amount.

Robert Pearlman is the editor of an online magazine called collectSPACE. Mr.  Pearlman, thank you for talking to us.

turn 2 : The actual meaning was differ from the original meaning that is the right answer

turn 2 : The turn that has an actual meaning different from its literal meaning is (4): "How do you cast sculptures in what amounts to an underwater gallery, not just this installation in the Thames, obviously, but some that you've done all over the world?"

turn 2 : "This is a fascinating piece of history and just to put this into some perspective, another Hasselblad camera that's sort of the direct lineage of this camera - that was said to have flown to the moon - sold earlier this year for nearly a million dollars." - Actual meaning

turn 2 : The literal meaning of (3) is a simple expression of agreement, while the implied meaning is that the speaker is amazed by the story of Steve Dalkowski's feats.

turn 2 : I see means in this context I understand