My pleasure.

Could you just tell us what the weather is like right now?

Well, currently, it's been blue day. I mean, we've had some bands of rain come through from time to time, but it's a nice day. The water is calm. It's clouding up a little bit.

Do you have any guests at the resort at the moment?

turn 1 : blue day implies a rainy and cloudy day.

turn 1 : B is being sarcastic and dismissive about the sun.

turn 1 : something that was hinted at or suggested, but not directly stated. When a person looks at his watch


My pleasure.

turn 2 : We have to be careful on how we link tornadic activity and other weather instances together.

turn 2 : (4) - The actual meaning is to ask if the individual remembers the people whose lives were positively impacted by their help, rather than asking if the individual remembers helping people.

turn 2 : They are asking if the other person can help them to understand what they mean.

turn 2 : The weather is not actually blue, but it's a nice day overall

turn 2 :  People who are, you know, afraid to walk the street. Implied meaning: The speaker is not simply describing individuals who have fear while walking on the street, but is implying that there is a pervasive sense of fear and danger in the neighborhood.


I'd say first, over all, we have had a measure of success in reducing nuclear proliferation over the years. And so North Korea and Iran are really exceptions to what has been a successful policy. Not simply by the United States, but by the international community. I mean, we can't do this alone. We depend on international cooperation.

North Korea is an exception because it is so difficult to deal with. They have used their nuclear weapons not so much from the standpoint of making military threats, but as an instrument of extortion, to get economic concessions for what in fact is an impoverished country.

Now that leads me to my next question. We're coming down toward the close. And it's this. White-collar terrorism, is that an example of what you just described, of white-collar terrorism, extorting, using the threat to extort money?

It does have that concept to it, because it does fall in the camp - in the realm of extortion, rather than military strategy. Quickly, with regard to Iran, there is a very difficult issue, because in fact Iran's quest to be a major power, including the possession of nuclear weapons, really precedes the current administration in Iran, and is likely to be a long-term quest that isn't going to be very, very, difficult to stop.

turn 1 : playing refers to as and implies engaged with or undertake

turn 1 : instrument implies a strategy and not an equipment

turn 1 : The actual meanings of these turns are: (2) Martin Luther King was killed by a white assassin; (3) America doesn't understand or appreciate the contributions of black leaders during Reconstruction; (4) America's history of racism and white supremacy has been ignored or minimized for many decades.

turn 1 : The implied meaning in turn (2) is that the author created the book out of a desire to educate young black people about their cultural history, which they may not have learned from mainstream media sources such as hip-hop videos.


Yeah, absolutely. So, you know, one of the things we need to be doing is making this standardized. I've talked to many people. They say, well, he never even checked what my, you know, date of birth said. I think we need to go to more of a standardized approach in order to do that.

Is there any kind of technological solution to this - I don't know - thumbprint, iris scan or something?

So never before would I be sitting on a patient's, you know, medical record with three different electronic health record screens open, trying to work between, you know, different patients sitting in an emergency room. So with new technologies come this additional complexity that we need to sort of be thinking about.

turn 2 : The actual meaning of the third turn is that the speaker is implying that the current administration is trying to prevent important information from being released, and this is why they are pushing people to contact them with information.

turn 2 : The actual meanings of these turns are: (2) Martin Luther King was killed by a white assassin; (3) America doesn't understand or appreciate the contributions of black leaders during Reconstruction; (4) America's history of racism and white supremacy has been ignored or minimized for many decades.

turn 2 : The speaker is worried that their work may contribute to the stereotype that black people are oversexualized.

turn 2 :  We have electronic health records, which are supposed to make this easier. But remember, anytime you introduce technology within sort of a complex health care system, you know, it can also have unintended consequences.  The actual meaning implied in this turn is that the speaker is cautioning about the potential unintended consequences of introducing technology into a complex healthcare system, despite the expectation that electronic health records would make things easier. The literal meaning is that the speaker is highlighting the potential negative effects of technology in a complex system.

turn 2 : The implied meaning of this turn is that other members of the White House may seek legal counsel in light of President Trump's actions.


It really is. I mean, the fact - and he uses the microscopes that I used as a kid, right, from the '60s because those must be Bausch and Lomb or something like that.

The Zeiss microscope.

Zeiss microscope, different company.

Yeah, right. No, he said that actually if you want to get into this, you know, the cost of one of these microscopes from the '60s or '70s is about that of a computer, but it'll last you a lifetime.

Forever. The optics are just terrific.

turn 3 : This implies that the price of a microscope in the 60s and 70s is of the same price with a computer but more durable.

turn 3 : Apple could have used their money for various productive purposes

turn 3 : The speaker interviewed young children affected by the border crisis.

turn 3 : Journalists tend to talk over each other in a room full of journalists

turn 3 : The president is trying to divert attention away from negative news about him and his administration


Five cases of cholera have now been confirmed in the port city of Beira, Mozambique. And this is spreading in the wake of what the United Nations has called the worst catastrophe to hit southern Africa. A cyclone and massive flooding two weeks ago killed hundreds of people.

Earlier this morning, we were able to reach Caitlin Ryan. She is the emergency communications officer for the group Doctors Without Borders. They're also known by their French initials MSF. She is in the city of Beira, and I asked her what it's like there.

In many ways, it does feel like life is returning to the city. There's some food in the market; people have cleaned the streets. And we're starting to treat a lot of injuries of people repairing their homes. So in many ways, life is returning to normal. But in many other ways, maybe even a hundred thousand people are sleeping without roofs, they don't have enough food, and access to clean water is severely, severely limited.

Well, speaking of health problems - I mean, what can you tell me now about these cases of cholera?

turn 3 : Implied meaning: Dr. Yphnatides is being asked to think about what changes should be made in the future to prevent another outbreak like this.

turn 3 : A wall is not a good solution for border security and would waste taxpayers' money.

turn 3 : They are not going to do nothing while the obstruction is going on.

turn 3 : In (4), the speaker is not asking for a description of the current health problems; they are asking for information specifically related to the cases of cholera that were mentioned in (1).

turn 3 : People are concerned about immigration, not just interested.


I was very impressed, though. I mean, I think just getting to the athletes' village is a huge accomplishment.

Absolutely.

And I know that you have been behaving yourself in the athletes' village and elsewhere. Any closing thoughts before you bid farewell to the land of crumpets?

Closing ceremonial thoughts?I was one of those skeptics who said it could never live up to Beijing. I learned once again that every Olympic Games is its own moment. Danny Boyle, the movie director and artist behind the opening ceremony, he said a wise thing about his production. You know, don't even try to compete with China, which had that unforgettable mega-opening ceremony. Do your own thing was Boyle's attitude.

turn 3 :  Implies that the speaker was initially skeptical about the Olympics in England but changed their opinion after seeing the opening ceremony.

turn 3 : The speaker is reflecting on the declining interest in Olympics and questioning the reasons behind it.

turn 3 : We need shift focus to stop the people who are scamming the system and not discriminate against honest people because they are immigrants.

turn 3 : (4) - The actual meaning is to ask if the Mexican governments and the agency were ready for the floods and its aftermath.

turn 3 : We are being deprived of the media that tells the stories of illegal activity in Mexico.


Hi, Lulu. How are you?

I'm good. How are the players that you're talking to reacting to the stand that the NFL's taken?

Well, I think they've taken the position that the NFL has decided to fully engage with this culture war initiated by the president when he first attacked the NFL players back in September. One of the questions of the book that I was asking is, who gets to be the patriot?And when the president first called the players unpatriotic, then said that they shouldn't have jobs, now he's even saying that dissenting players maybe shouldn't even be in the country. And that the NFL is going along with it, as well, I think this has really reignited some really bad blood between the players and the owners.

And how is that manifesting itself?I mean, what conversations are the players having, and what can they actually do?

turn 2 : The backlash means that people are complaining about the situation.

turn 2 : A is unhappy that their music is not receiving as much attention as other artists.2. B is trying to console A by mentioning that they have received praise from Vibe Magazine.

turn 2 : The speaker is highlighting the severity of the allegations against Jeffrey Epstein and warning the listeners that the details may be upsetting.

turn 2 : (1) B: Well, the call has gone out to our NPR listeners, who are either going to be repulsed or intrigued by what you're talking about here, Terry Lee.

turn 2 : Bad blood is not literally being lit up or ignited. The implied meaning is that the players and owners are not agreeing on the issue at hand and therefore tensions are arising.


You know, I always love - to me, there are two parts of the Olympic competition, A, the Opening Ceremonies and the 100-meter and the 200-meter dash in - men's and women's. That, to me, that's the Olympics, and I think that's going to be fascinating. It's just going to be fascinating. And there's always - there's always someone - there's always someone who comes out of the blue, and I don't think it'll be someone from China, but you just can't tell. They have been waiting for this for a long time, Tony. It's kind of what we did to the world in 1984, when we just ambushed everybody. So, I think it's - I think the competition is going to be phenomenal.

I can't let you get away from here, Bill Rhoden, without talking about - guess who - Brett Favre.

He's coming to your town.

Eh. . .

turn 1 : The fact that the quarterback is black is important to the conversation

turn 1 : Brett Favre is a hot topic and cannot be ignored.

turn 1 : The implication is that the person realised something about the video - it did not literally hit them.

turn 1 : The implied meaning in turn (2) is that the author created the book out of a desire to educate young black people about their cultural history, which they may not have learned from mainstream media sources such as hip-hop videos.

turn 1 : The singer is not actually asking someone to show them the way home but rather expressing their loneliness and desperation due to feeling lost and without direction.


Well, I have to tell you, since September 11th, 2001, I haven't had a vacation. And I don't know about rest and relaxation, you know?My rest and relaxation is prayer, just trying to keep afloat, so that things don't get any worse. So, you know, I'm doing everything I can to not be stressed out about the economic situation.

Cathy Walker is a doctor living in Ardmore, Pennsylvania. Thank you, Cathy.

Thank you.

If you'd like to be a part of our real economy project, let us know. You can find us at npr. org/daydreaming.

turn 1 : Implies that Dr. Stephen Loyd is a reliable source of information on the subject, and that they are asking him to provide insights on the issue.

turn 1 : (3) A: ...Which people might think is a very sort of girly kind of sound. But - I mean, I have no defense for that.  The implied meaning in this turn is that the speaker is acknowledging that some people may view the sound they made as "girly," but they don't have any justification or explanation for why they made that sound. They seem to be a bit embarrassed or self-conscious about it.

turn 1 : Implied meaning: The speaker is expressing a sense of frustration or dissatisfaction with a situation or person, without explicitly stating it.

turn 1 : In turn (3), when Mary's cousin joked about making the candidates carry her bags if the reporters weren't able to do so, the actual meaning is that Mary was a skilled and respected journalist who deserved better treatment than having to rely on others to carry her equipment. The joke is a sarcastic critique of the sexist attitudes prevalent at the time,

turn 1 : B abruptly changes the topic to introduce a doctor living in Pennsylvania


And, of course, we have bioenergy here, too, and the debates about things like corn ethanol. That's another big contentious issue here in the Midwest. And one where, again, middle grounds might have to be found between groups that are in very different poles on that issue.

And what do you think is the most promising - again, the symbolic areas, those are always going to be difficult. But are there other conversations that could be had that, as you say, skirt the ideology?

Well, it's very interesting. Regardless of, you know, how you think of him politically, the Obama administration has actually done more, may be by accident - or may be on purpose - to think about, to take on climate change than all previous administrations, really, combined. Our CO2 emissions in the United States have gone down pretty dramatically in the last few years, partly because of the recession, of course, but partly because people are retooling and getting more efficient.

The American car fleet is getting lot more efficient. We finally got those CAFE standards going up again, which is fantastic, after about 30 years of going nowhere. And maybe that's a benefit of bailing out Detroit. We could work with them to make cars more efficient, the cars Americans want to buy. We've also - the fracking, moving away from coals, where it's natural gas, has helped a lot, although we have to watch the other aspects of fracking. And also, renewables are beginning to make a bigger and bigger dent in the American electricity supply and other energy supplies.

turn 0 : The shortage of corn may lead to a price increase in the market.

turn 0 : Implied meaning: The speaker is implying that her character's story line on the show mirrored her own life experience.

turn 0 : her stories were not what people were usually reading and the topics of them were not what was normally talked about.

turn 0 : "It's a big, tall woman with a terrible voice. And of course, that was Julia." - The literal meaning of this turn is a description of Julia's physical appearance and voice, but the actual meaning is that A is identifying Julia as the woman they were discussing earlier.

turn 0 : Different groups have opposing views on corn ethanol


turn 2 : Climate change is real, dangerous, and costly. We need to take action.

turn 2 : The Obama administration has made efforts to combat climate change

turn 2 : People want to work hard for things.

turn 2 : Artists need to make mistakes to create something great.

turn 2 : "performance is really one of making sure you understand and document what's expected of you in your given role" - The literal meaning would be that performance is about actually performing one's job duties, but the actual meaning is that it's about understanding and documenting what's expected in order to perform well.


turn 3 : Efforts are being made to increase the efficiency of American cars and shift towards renewable energy sources

turn 3 : Moving to a different source of energy is necessary and a major difference between the two candidates

turn 3 : Art helps people escape from the harsh reality of life.

turn 3 : Despite tough times, art will survive and music helps people cope.

turn 3 : This is implying that A believes art should have an interesting or captivating element to it.


I would never have imagined an Ebola epidemic going at this pace because all the prior epidemics - some 20 outbreaks since 1976 - have occurred in isolated, rural areas and been primarily a handful of family members co-infected coming into a medical facility, and then the medical facility itself became the amplifier of the infection.

But this one has broken all the rules. So for the first time, we really see classic, urban, person-to-person spread in Monrovia, in Freetown and in Conakry. It has also crossed borders. So we have three countries with three different sets of policies and skills levels. And it also hit countries that had been through two of the most brutal civil wars in modern history, civil wars that pitted clan against clan, village against the village so that as this began to unfold, it unfolded in an atmosphere of deeply embedded distrust to give us the worst Ebola epidemic in history.

Laurie, what about those people that think that this might be tragic, but it's on the other side of the world, got nothing to do with us?

I don't think there's many serious voices saying that sort of thing anymore. This week, when the Security Council convened and voted on a resolution related to the Ebola epidemic, it was cosigned by 130 other nations making it the most strongly-supported resolution in the history of the United Nations. One key element of that resolution is declaring that Ebola now represents a national security threat for every nation on Earth.

turn 1 : (2).  In this turn, B says "I don't want to leave the conversation with you without asking what can the world do as far as you're concerned?" which literally means that B wants to know what the world can do to help. However, the implied meaning here is that B is acknowledging the gravity of the situation and the need for collective action to address the Ebola outbreak. This turn is an example of rhetorical questioning, where the speaker asks a question for effect rather than to elicit a direct answer.

turn 1 : to feel sorry for someone means that you feel sad for someone, or showing compassion

turn 1 : In (2), the speaker is responding to the idea that the Ebola epidemic is not relevant to people who are not directly affected by it. The speaker notes that the epidemic has spread to multiple countries with different policies and levels of expertise, and that the affected countries have a history of deep-seated distrust and conflict. The implied meaning is that the Ebola epidemic is a global issue that affects everyone, not just those who are directly impacted.

turn 1 : Implied meaning: People are feeling resentment and anger towards people who think they don't have to follow the same rules as everyone else.

turn 1 : implies that the speaker was advocating for themselves to be violently punished,


Well, so certainly President-elect Trump has issued a few statements on cybersecurity, including a campaign platform. Those are pretty thin on details. And some of his statements - it's been difficult to understand whether or not he - how literally to take those particular recommendations. Of his national security hires that have been announced at this point, none are known for having particularly strong cybersecurity backgrounds. So as we see more and more people coming into the administration, we might be able to start getting a sense of what exactly this administration's cybersecurity policy might look like.

Surely when you become the administration, you have a vested interest in national cybersecurity that maybe you lacked before, don't you?

Absolutely. I think while many of his statements during the campaign did not necessarily evince well-developed policy thoughts - he's going to have to come up with more specific ideas. One thing that Donald Trump might run up against is the existence of current laws. So, for example, he's indicated a number of times that he intends to transfer a lot of the cybersecurity mission to the Department of Defense to come up with a plan for defending critical infrastructure. And there are potentially rather serious consequences to sort of the militarization of civilian cyber defense. I think that they might find themselves coming up against an existing framework that doesn't necessarily square with the broad instinct towards wanting to turn towards the military to solve this problem.

I thought the Obama administration was pretty clear in saying, after they asserted that Russian attempts to meddle in the elections had been ongoing, that the United States was going to reply in kind. Can we assume those efforts are going on now?

turn 1 : (2) - What we try to do here is sort of look at emerging technologies and see if there are any security implications of those emerging technologies and try to get ahead of potential threats before they become actual threats.

turn 1 : sking if the Trump administration has an interest in national cybersecurity that it didn't have before

turn 1 : Turn: "didn't quite get the same glory" Actual meaning: Did not receive the same recognition or fame.

turn 1 : The actual meaning of (3) is, A is expressing a feeling of sadness and nostalgia over the loss of a loved one.

turn 1 : "You didn't come here to stay and you will perish." - This turn is a figurative expression and means that we all have a limited time on earth and will eventually die. It does not have a literal meaning.


turn 2 : talking about the potential consequences of "militarization of civilian cyber defense"

turn 2 : So this attack is raising one of these fundamental issues that we talk about in the security world about whether NSA surveillance protects people or creates unexpected damage that does more harm than good."

turn 2 : (3) The implied meaning is that there is a great sense of uncertainty and concern about what will happen next, and it's not clear whether the situation is still a political game or has escalated to military brinksmanship. The literal meaning is consistent with this implied meaning.

turn 2 : Although the literal meaning of this turn is simply asking for a description of the current situation, the implied meaning behind it is that the speaker is expressing frustration or confusion about the conflicting messages they have heard from President Trump regarding the removal or retention of U.S. forces in Syria. It could be interpreted as a way of questioning the credibility of the information that has been provided so far and seeking clarification or a more definitive answer.

turn 2 : thanking the NPR reporter, so it does not have a different actual meaning from its literal meaning.


turn 3 : asking if the US is responding to Russia's attempts to meddle in the elections "in kind".

turn 3 : implies asking for an opinion on Russia's ambitions.

turn 3 : Congress is not doing its job and is passing their responsibilities to the president who then abuses his power

turn 3 : The outcome of the parliamentary election is uncertain, and it is difficult to predict what will happen next

turn 3 : (2) Implied meaning: Get enough votes to pass the legislation, no matter the number of votes required.


The African nation of Gambia may see its own peaceful transition of power but only after weeks of negotiation and threats of military intervention. After initially accepting election results that voted him out of office, the reigning president of 22 years then refused to concede for weeks - until today. When facing international pressure and dwindling support, reports came that he has agreed to step down. Ruth Maclean is the West African correspondent for The Guardian. She's in the capital of Banjul, Gambia. Ruth, thanks very much for being with us.

Thanks for having me.

And what did the president say today?

Well, the president said last night in a midnight broadcast that he would step down and that he would act in the interest of the Gambian people. And that was the last that we heard from him. But he is still in State House. He hasn't left the country yet, and he hasn't ceded power as far as we know.

So I guess it's premature to ask who would replace him.

turn 2 : Implies that the speaker is asking for the other person's opinion about the political implications of the current situation.

turn 2 : The implication is that the Republicans may have to use strong tactics to pass their agenda, even if it means having to pressure members of their own party.

turn 2 : is asking for the president's statement today, but the actual meaning is asking for an update on the situation.

turn 2 : The president will propose something new later today

turn 2 : (4) This bill is still right on a danger zone in terms of whether or not it can pass - Implied meaning: The bill is in a precarious situation and could fail if any more Republican senators vote against it.


Let me move on to another issue. I was covering both the Democratic and Republican Conventions, and one of the biggest applause lines during the Republican Conventions had to do with drilling for oil. Drill now, drill now, drill now. There is a serious set of distinctions between Senator Obama's policy towards energy and the McCain campaigns policy towards energy. Very briefly, very briefly, describe them to me, as they would affect consumers.

OK, I would say three distinct differences. One, the emphasis of McCain has been on drilling. The facts show that he U. S.  consumes 25 percent of the world's oil and has 3 percent of the reserves. So it's obvious that we cannot drill our way out of that problem.

Obama's focus has been on what can we do in the immediate run, and in the long run, to wean our dependence on oil. And that means investing in an extensive program to convert the economy with green jobs and research, deployment, development of alternative energy. And it also means efficiencies, conservation, raising fuel standards and things to reduce our demand.

So emphasizing the whole portfolio of energies and reducing our demand, but we know that ultimately we've got to move to a different source of energy, and that's the only way to do it. And that is a very big difference between the two candidates.

turn 1 : Drilling for oil is not a viable solution to the problem of oil consumption

turn 1 : Drilling for oil takes a long time and won't immediately solve our energy problems.

turn 1 : The damage itself can not face anything. The cause of the damage, the person or people are what is meant here.

turn 1 : The statistic does not electrically shock people but it does greatly surprise people.

turn 1 : B said zap it and drill it by zap they mean by firing a laser.


turn 2 : Obama's energy policy focuses on reducing dependence on oil through green energy and efficiency measures

turn 2 : The Obama administration has made efforts to combat climate change

turn 2 : The young women working in factories were suffering a lot due to the unhealthy environment.

turn 2 : People in the past used to consume radioactive water as a cure for various health problems, but it turned out to be fatal.

turn 2 : "I feel good enough. I don't feel irradiated." Implicated Meaning: The speaker states that they feel physically fine and unaffected by radiation exposure, implying that they may not be fully aware of the potential long-term effects or the accuracy of the assessment.


turn 3 : Efforts are being made to increase the efficiency of American cars and shift towards renewable energy sources

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be using allusions to reference something indirectly, assuming that the listener will understand the reference based on shared knowledge or cultural context.

turn 3 :  Implied meaning: There is a fear of the spread of Zika, malaria, cholera, and other diseases due to the lack of access to aid.

turn 3 : Moving to a different source of energy is necessary and a major difference between the two candidates

turn 3 : The speaker is suggesting that the situation might not be as serious or dangerous as it initially seemed.


(Reading from diary) Woke up not feeling well. I spent the entire day online on WebMD. I can say with a hundred percent certainty that I have pleurisy, tuberculosis, brainstem cancer or an enlarged prostate. I found a great cure for whatever ails you - a coffee enema. The only negative - I could never go back to Starbucks.

I can't read this. Joan Rivers' new book is called "Diary of a Mad Diva. "She joins us from New York. Thanks so much.

Oh, it makes me so happy when you laugh.

Well, it's funny. I have to ask you, do you have as much plastic surgery as you say you do or is it kind of like Dean Martin and his drinking?

turn 3 : (4) is a straightforward denial of B's implied meaning, and does not carry any additional implied meanings beyond that.

turn 3 : They are not painting but describing the man in a certain way.

turn 3 : You take the unimportant things out of something beautiful and bring them to the lab.

turn 3 : (4) B's question about plastic surgery implies that B thinks the person being asked has had a lot of plastic surgery and may not be truthful about it, even though the literal meaning of the question is simply asking about the extent of the person's plastic surgery.

turn 3 : implies that A and their team had been studying the frog tongue for a few years.


Yeah.

Sterile. Good to drink.

Well, they didn't drink it. They didn't do the ultimate test.

And I don't blame them.

turn 1 : hot water implies being in trouble and difficult situation, not of a very high temperature liquid

turn 1 : The turn (2) "She struggled with anxiety, but eventually she got pregnant through IVF" has a figurative meaning, as it implies that the process of getting pregnant through in vitro fertilization (IVF) was a difficult and challenging one. The use of the word "struggled" connotes a sense of hardship or adversity, which is not necessarily part of the literal meaning of the statement.

turn 1 :  "She struggled with anxiety, but eventually she got pregnant through IVF."  Implicated meaning: The woman experienced anxiety related to her difficulties in conceiving a child, but was eventually able to become pregnant through in vitro fertilization (IVF).

turn 1 : The water is so clean that it is safe to drink.

turn 1 : "We tried for about two and a half years. And I had this fear that with every step we took, we would learn something that would confirm my fear that I couldn't have a baby."  Implicated meaning: The speaker struggled with infertility and was afraid that each step in their journey towards having a baby would confirm their fear that they were unable to conceive.


Tell me about it.

I was teaching in a program called Community Studies, which was an interdisciplinary program, work-study program. You'd go to school for a while, and then you'd go out and work, and then you'd come back and write about it. And there was a woman enrolled in one of my classes who had four kids, and a husband in San Quentin. Her third husband, by whom she had no kids. This was in the 1980s, when San Quentin was experimenting with conjugal visits. She'd say, Mr.  Young, I won't be in class because it's conjugal visiting day at the 'Q'. And so I finally ask her about it. And her body language was of two kinds. She was smiling and obviously joyous when she talked about how it was to go see her husband once a month.

And then her body language changed and she got very severe, and she sat up in her seat across from my desk, and she said, and when I get back to my - to Santa Cruz, and I'm trying to do my schoolwork and take care of my kids, do my job, he can't mess with me because he's locked up in the joint. And this kind of thing. So she had obviously solved her problems. She had her man, but you know, she didn't have to put up with him all the time. But the subtext of it is about our society's policy of just warehousing people, so it's a matter of priorities.

In your work as not just a poet but as a teacher, what's your mission?

turn 1 : Despite looking successful, my mother was dealing with abuse and financial struggles.

turn 1 : The speaker is implying that the same divide between religious people and non-religious people is present across the political spectrum, not just within one party.

turn 1 : The woman in the program had to balance schoolwork, work, and taking care of her kids while also visiting her husband in prison

turn 1 :  The implied meaning of this question is that people often associate certain ideologies with specific beliefs. However, this turn suggests that people should not be pigeonholed into a certain belief system based on one issue.

turn 1 : You quote with approval the words of an Australian bishop who says quote, "we cannot talk about the integrity of creation, the universal and inclusive love of God, while at the same time colluding with the forces of oppression and the ill-treatment of racial minorities, women, and homosexual persons."


The British artist David Hockney is one of the most famous artists in the world. One of his works recently sold for $90 million, smashing the record for a living artist. But he's also led an extraordinary life, breaking barriers as a gay man and defying the expectations of the art world at every turn.

In the new novel, "The Life Of David Hockney" (ph), author Catherine Cusset imagines the thoughts, feelings and words of Hockney at pivotal periods in his life to try and puzzle out the man. She joins us now from our studios in New York. Thank you so much for being with us.

Well, thank you for inviting me.

In the forward to this book, you wrote that David Hockney took hold of you, which is why you wrote the novel. Explain what that means.

turn 3 : Author Catherine Cusset imagines the thoughts, feelings and words of Hockney are made from understanding of  David Hockney.

turn 3 : The author included difficult experiences in the book for a reason.

turn 3 : They got a lot of people complaining about what they spoke about.

turn 3 : They could not come up with an idea that would impress people.

turn 3 : The story was told to people and many became aware of it.


So even among homeowners, we found white people are more likely to get a buyout. So NPR's Robert Benincasa - he's my reporting partner on this project - he got a list of properties that the federal government has bought. There are about 40,00 of them. Robert filed a Freedom of Information Act request. The federal government denied it. NPR sued. Eventually, we won.

So when we got it, Robert took all the ZIP codes associated with the property addresses and linked them to U. S.  census data on demographics. And we found that nationally, sales of flood-damaged homes happened most often in places where the population was more than 85 percent white. Now, for context, the whole country is about 62 percent white.

So that's dramatic. So is the federal government responding to this now that you have seen these numbers and done this investigation?

They are. So we interviewed David Maurstad, who oversees FEMA's buyout program. And he said the program is working if it makes the community less risky, it saves property and if it potentially saves lives. It's not designed to consider demographics. And he points out correctly that they don't actually choose which properties are offered buyouts. That's what local governments do.

turn 3 : (3) Implied meaning: Do states have to make a difficult decision on how to use the limited funds?

turn 3 : There were some personal problems, and he is trying to understand the reason behind them without being too direct.

turn 3 : The actual meaning was differ from the original meaning that is the right answer

turn 3 : The actual meaning is that the federal government is not responsible for choosing which properties are offered buyouts, as that is the responsibility of local governments.

turn 3 : A agreed to do something but later realized it wasn't what they wanted


Right. So there's one where Kim Kardashian is posing against a pile of sand. She's undressed, very provocative. And then there's you, sort of similarly clad, reclining against gravel (laughter).

Yeah, on a dirt pile. Kim Kardashian on a dirt pile. That's the way people refer to that photo a lot.

Why do you think it's resonated so much?Why do you think people have enjoyed this so much?

Well, first and foremost, I look like an idiot in them, the other person doesn't. And it's not like I'm taking - I don't take paparazzi photos of people or I'll only take what they've posted themselves. And then I look silly in it. So the beginning of it is me looking stupid. And I think people like that. I think people like seeing people make fun of themselves - I do - and just not caring. I think it's nice to see on a platform like Instagram, where it's all about how things are staged. It's nice to see something that is so not.

turn 2 : The turns (2) and (4) are both expressions of laughter, which implies that the speaker is amused by the story being told, rather than the literal meaning of making a noise.

turn 2 : Iran is responding to the US's maximum pressure campaign

turn 2 : There is no actual table, just the hope that Iran will negotiate with them.

turn 2 : In Turn (3), when B asks, "Why do you think it's resonated so much? Why do you think people have enjoyed this so much?" they are not asking about the actual vibrations or sounds that the photo has produced, but rather about why the photo has become so popular and well-liked.

turn 2 : The situation between Iran and the US may lead to a military conflict, which nobody wants.


turn 3 : In Turn (4), when A says, "And then I look silly in it," they are not suggesting that they are physically looking at themselves while taking the photo, but rather that they appear foolish or ridiculous in the photo.

turn 3 : In this turn, the speaker is using sarcasm and irony. The literal meaning suggests that the person being discussed sent impressive pictures of jet engines in a basement, which are flaming out. However, the actual meaning implies that the person's actions or pictures were not impressive or desirable.

turn 3 : This implies that Iran has found ways to evade or circumvent the sanctions, despite their severity.

turn 3 : The drone could monitor inside Iran without entering Iranian airspace.

turn 3 : Iran is responding to the US's maximum pressure campaign


Do you have any explanation for that?Can you speculate on why that would be so different?

You know, it's just very curious. They must have - you know, they had time to go hands-on with all of the products that were involved in the case, and so they may have, you know, seen from prior art that they thought that it was very clear that the phones involved stemmed from this iPhone design and - but not so much the tablets.

There were several instances of tablets and tablet patented designs that existed before the iPad. So they may have thought that, you know, Samsung got their ideas from somewhere else.

So what's this going to do to buying a future Samsung or other brand that might - you know, has Apple put the fear in people of copying them now?

We'll have to see. So one of the biggest consequences that could come out of this verdict is that the price of Android devices could go up in the future because now Apple's - this portion of Apple's patent portfolio has been validated by the court system, and Apple can pretty confidently go forward and start suing any other Android hardware manufacturers it thinks are infringing on these patents.

turn 1 : The witness is receiving immunity in exchange for his testimony.

turn 1 : Abortion is a controversial and politically charged topic.

turn 1 : This implies that there is a contradiction between the state bill against abortion and  Roe v. Wade.

turn 1 : The jury had access to all products involved in the case.

turn 1 : The AMA is concerned about another abortion law.


Are Jews in Germany already hiding external markers of religion?

Yes, they have for quite some time. Jews in Germany who wear yarmulkes often wear baseball caps to hide their yarmulkes because there is a feeling of unease. There aren't incidents all the time. And yet, one doesn't want to court that sort of danger. That said, of course, there's a great wish that this doesn't have to be, that one can wear a yarmulke openly. And here on the streets of Berlin, generally, it is no problem. But no one wants to be the person where it is a problem.

Right.

And even - it's not just wearing kippahs. It's also speaking Hebrew, it's wearing Magen David Jewish star necklaces. Any outward sign can be a problem.

turn 1 : Jews are still seen as outsiders in Poland due to a history of anti-Semitism.

turn 1 : We already knew about the uncertainty regarding tax and spending policies in 2013

turn 1 : The $4 trillion tax cuts will be difficult to fit into the $5 trillion budget.

turn 1 : The behavior of the company should be investigated since it continued for many years.

turn 1 : Jews in Germany are hiding their religious symbols due to safety concerns


Right.

turn 3 : The implied meaning behind this turn is that Christians and Jews can find commonality in their respective holiday celebrations, thus creating a sense of connection.

turn 3 : A implies that while both political parties agrees that prescription drug costs are too high, they cannot find a common ground on how to address the issue.

turn 3 : Everyone is aware that the issue of high prescription drug costs needs to be addressed, but there are opposing views on how to do so.

turn 3 : The Trump administration wants drug companies to lower their prices.

turn 3 : Outward displays of Jewish identity can lead to danger


Well, the information we're getting, as you said, comes from the UAW. Specifically, it comes from UAW Vice President Terry Dittes, who's been offering up some occasional updates to UAW members. And on Friday, Terry Dittes sent out a letter saying they had made good progress in the talks, and that was a great sign. You know, the strike has dragged on for three weeks, going on the fourth week now. And this was one of the first signs that there had been progress.

But by Sunday, that had completely changed, and Terry Dittes said this time that, in fact, they had taken a step back, and the union could not be more disappointed in GM, and what he explained happened was that there was an offer on the table. UAW responded, made its counter offer, taking into account a bunch of things. And what Terry Dittes said is, on Sunday morning, when GM responded to that latest offer, GM basically didn't respond at all. It just reiterated its previous offer and didn't address anything that the UAW had brought up.

So they seem to be at a stalemate. It seems like things are not going well right now.

OK. So we have the union's version, maybe a little bit less from GM's side. But in any case, no doubt that they don't have a deal and people are still on strike. So what have you seen and heard when you go out and talk to workers?

turn 0 : A lot of people are out of work and jobs are getting harder to find.

turn 0 : All they have is the way of life that takes place outside of buildings.

turn 0 : The word "most dangerous place on Earth" implies an exaggeration to emphasize the severity of the situation.

turn 0 : The progress lets people know there is hope for a resolution. People refusing to go to work unless their demands are met has lasted three weeks.

turn 0 : There is a dangerous situation happening that requires people to seek shelter and take precautions.


turn 1 : The table simply means that Iran is being forced to return to negotiations.

turn 1 : The underlying trends and geographical concentration of incarceration disproportionately affect low-income communities of color, particularly young African-American males.

turn 1 : The culture and character of black people can be obtained from them if you get too close

turn 1 : The talks had gotten worse as they were returning to what they had spoken of before. Offers were made and rejected. The table is just a metaphor for the two sides talking to one another.

turn 1 : Historically, powerful black men have been punished by threats of castration


So he infected more than his share, and then there was the other fellow at the hotel who infected more than his share.

It really - your book really made me feel a huge debt of gratitude to people who work in the health care industry because it can be really heroic work, and it seems like they put their life on the line in some cases.

Oh absolutely yeah. Some of the people I spent time with, I document, I describe, I tell stories of their field work. I went with some of them to places like a rooftop in Bangladesh in the middle of the night, the roof of a warehouse where a wonderful scientist named Jon Epstein who works for EcoHealth Alliance, was trapping, again, giant fruit bats to look for a disease, a virus called Nipah.

Now this is not the same NEPA that your previous guest referred to, not the National Environmental Policy Act. This is N-I-P-A-H, named after a village in peninsular Malaysia where this virus was first identified. So Jon Epstein is on the roof of a warehouse in Bangladesh in the middle of the night wearing goggles and welder's gloves and a respirator mask, handling these giant fruit bats that he's catching in a mist net, taking them into a provisional lab, drawing blood samples from them, knowing that the virus is probably there somewhere and that it's a very lethal virus.

turn 3 : The virus Nipah is lethal and can be transmitted from fruit bats to humans.

turn 3 : The polio virus can pass from humans to chimpanzees.

turn 3 : to watch someone play means to watch them perform

turn 3 : "watch" - This verb usually means to observe something with one's eyes, but in this context, it implies enjoying or experiencing a film.

turn 3 : The public can view Operation Night Watch for free.


Mm-hmm. This is SCIENCE FRIDAY from NPR, talking with Jennifer Linder. You say it's UVA and UVB, make sure you have that in the sun - both - protection from both kinds of ultraviolet.

That is correct. It's actually probably the most important thing for people to remember because you want to have broad-spectrum covered. The reason is you can think of the UVB rays as being the burning rays, and you can think of the UVA rays as being the aging rays, and that's because the UVB rays go into the epidermis, which is where the nucleus is for the keratinocytes, the ones that when the DNA is changed, actually it turns into skin cancer, versus the UVA rays are longer wavelengths. And they actually go - capable of going into the deeper dermis, which is where the collagen is. And when you break down collagen, that's how you age, and probably about 80 to 90 percent of aging is actually a result of sun exposure.

What about the SPF factor?Does SPF 30 protect you twice as much as, say, SPF 15 and half as much as 60?

Great question. So it's - actually the way that the studies are done it's a little bit confusing because an SPF of 15 protects you from 93 percent of UVB rays, and it's only UVBs that SPF actually tells you about. Now, an SPF of 30 is going to protect you from 97 percent of those UVB rays. And when you get up to 50, you're only protecting yourself from 98 percent. So you can notice it's partial percentage points differences. . .

turn 1 : Sunscreen ingredients can be absorbed by the skin, but the health effects are still unknown

turn 1 : Despite efforts to protect livestock, it's difficult to fully control predators and their impact on the herd.

turn 1 : Poaching is a major problem and is wiping out the forest's animal population.

turn 1 : "There's no scenery changing." - The literal meaning of this phrase is that there is no change in the scenery, but in the context of the conversation, it is used to suggest that the experiment may be boring for the cockatiels, as they are not able to fly and experience changes in their environment as they would in the wild.

turn 1 : The type of UV rays affects skin differently.


turn 2 : Sunscreen with an SPF higher than 50 gives people a false sense of security.

turn 2 : The president will propose something new later today

turn 2 : SPF is not directly proportional to the level of protection.

turn 2 : The project gave the speaker more respect for the struggles of women around the world

turn 2 : George H.W. Bush had a lot of preparation and experience for presidency


Finally, the Senate Judiciary Committee is expected to vote next week on the Brett Kavanaugh nomination to the Supreme Court. There were grave charges this week that surfaced, alleging that Brett Kavanaugh committed a sexual assault during high school. What do we know about this?

According to The New Yorker, a woman who knew Kavanaugh in high school notified her congresswoman, and also Senator Dianne Feinstein, that at a party back in the early '80s, Kavanaugh had held her down and tried to force himself on her. Now Kavanaugh emphatically denies that, and Feinstein didn't bring this up during the confirmation hearings.

The White House suggests this is an eleventh-hour stalling tactic. And yesterday, Chuck Grassley, the Republican chairman of the Judiciary Committee, released a letter signed by 65 women who say they knew Kavanaugh in high school and testifying to his good character.

NPR's Scott Horsley, thanks so much.

turn 1 : They don't think Nancy Pelosi would begin impeachment proceedings if she wasn't sure that what she knew would get the president impeached.

turn 1 : There is a possibility of an election despite no official announcement yet.

turn 1 : The government rigged the election and caused violence.

turn 1 : If the violence doesn't stop, the election won't be fair

turn 1 : Feinstein didn't bring up the sexual assault allegations during the confirmation hearings, possibly to use it as a stalling tactic.


NPR's Scott Horsley, thanks so much.

turn 2 : Implies that Bill Clinton should have known better than to take such an action.

turn 2 : The government rigged the election and caused violence.

turn 2 : asking if the US is responding to Russia's attempts to meddle in the elections "in kind".

turn 2 : It changes the way you think about the situation. Russia wants to capitalize on everyone's problems in the region.

turn 2 : This statement implies that the New Yorker's testimony about Kavanaugh sexual assault was countered by the 65 women signatories to Kavanaugh good character in High school.


An so he went from - on Sunday on his Facebook page saying, well, I misspoke. I got the wording wrong, which is something he repeated again today.

Yeah. Well, that plus. He's gotten just increasingly - because as the pressure has mounted - and it's been fascinating to watch the responses from the congressmen, from the Republican Party, from Governor Romney and his running mate. As the public outrage on this has mounted, their apologies have become increasingly full-throated so that, as you mentioned, the congressman started out with I misspoke, like that's a little bit of a bizarre concept. Misspeak is when you accidentally picked the wrong word or say President Clinton when you meant President Obama. This was not misspeaking. As I wrote, this was mis-thinking.

And then similarly, you saw Governor Romney. His campaign several hours after this broke managed to choke out a press release comment saying that the governor and Congressman Ryan disagree with this view. And by morning, disagreement had become finding it offensive and unacceptable. So it's sort of a classic political story of how candidates follow the public polls.

And his colleagues - his would-be colleagues in the United States Senate, basically, as you said, throwing him under the bus.

turn 0 : i can take care my self for sure

turn 0 : very enjoy am very nice feelvery enjoy am very nice feel

turn 0 : hang in there means they are trying to keep their business functioning properly.

turn 0 : They are asking if the other person can help them to understand what they mean.

turn 0 : They are not going to do nothing while the obstruction is going on.


turn 2 : (2) A: It's a real pleasure. (implied meaning: I am happy to be here and discuss this important topic)

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker is expressing a sense of frustration or dissatisfaction with a situation or person, without explicitly stating it.

turn 2 : The situation is concerning enough that it could make someone anxious, despite the monitoring systems in place.

turn 2 : The turn suggests that the speaker is feeling frustrated and overwhelmed.

turn 2 : very enjoy am very nice feel very enjoy am very nice feel


One of the groups that helped push Trump over the top in Indiana was white evangelicals. The question is now that Kasich and Cruz are out of the race, will Republican evangelical voters coalesce around Trump in the general election?We're joined by Russell Moore. He's the president of the Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention. Thanks so much for joining us.

Good to be with you.

Now, in many ways, Ted Cruz really, I think, bet his campaign on the evangelical vote. He was hoping to capture the vote in many of the early primary states. He certainly was banking on it in Indiana - didn't happen for him. Why wasn't he able to?

Well, I think there are a number of reasons. I think one of the reasons is evangelicals are just as susceptible to trends in the country as the rest of the population. And if you look at the exit polling on evangelicals, you'll find that churchgoing evangelicals, people who actually attend worship services, were much less likely to support Donald Trump than were people who just nominally affiliate themselves with evangelical Christianity.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of turn (4) is that there are several reasons why Ted Cruz wasn't able to capture the evangelical vote, and one of those reasons is that churchgoing evangelicals were less likely to support Donald Trump than those who just nominally affiliate themselves with evangelical Christianity.

turn 3 : The turn that has an implied meaning different from its literal meaning is (2) when B asks, "Can you explain what part of Donald Trump's message is working with religious voters so that they would overlook maybe even some of their basic Christian beliefs to support him?" The literal meaning of the question is straightforward,

turn 3 : "it will need every ounce of energy" - The literal meaning is that India will need every unit of energy. The actual meaning is that India will need to put in a lot of effort to become a major power in the region and on the global stage.

turn 3 : The president doesn't seem to be acting like a tyrant, despite speculation that he's using more power since winning the election.

turn 3 : Mr. Abe is trying to please President Trump by showing him a good time in Japan


He doesn't mash the beans.

OK.

He puts the tahini sauce on the bottom of the bowl.

OK, so that's the No. 1 issue we had is I could not find tahini sauce.

turn 2 : He puts the tahini sauce on the bottom of the bowl" is different from its literal meaning. Its actual meaning is that the speaker had a problem with the tahini sauce being on the bottom of the bowl, rather than on top where it should be.

turn 2 : "Lashkari has applied that to the dishes he serves... His signature chicken curry, cooked in huge metal pots in his sweltering, fragrant kitchen, is made with Mexican tomatillos and cilantro. It's incredibly delicious. And we ate that along with the best saag paneer, a spinach and cheese dish, that I have ever tasted."  The actual meaning of this turn is different from its literal meaning. The speaker is not simply describing the food and its taste, but also highlighting the diversity and cultural fusion that has contributed to Houston's unique culinary scene.

turn 2 : "doing time" - The actual meaning of this phrase is serving a prison sentence. However, the intended meaning could be that this is an opportunity for self-reflection and personal growth.

turn 2 : the time has flown means time went by fast.

turn 2 : Implicated meaning: We have been extremely busy or working at full capacity.


So let's start with the broad lay of the land. How much money do big donors pour into races generally, and how influential are they?

Big donors can give hundreds of millions of dollars. They can really get into just huge sums of money. And so this year, when you're talking about a mid-term congressional election instead of a presidential election, that money is going to play out across 50 states. It's going to play out across hot Senate races. And it's going to play out in little, mini, pitched battles across House races. And so it has a very different impact than it does in the presidential.

How so?An outsize impact?

In some congressional districts, it can. You know, it takes a lot less money to saturate a House district with ads than it does to tip something in the presidential.

turn 1 : The government could acquire loans and make changes more easily.

turn 1 : "Cement" is figurative, not literal. It refers to making the relationship healthy for a longer period of time.

turn 1 : Big donors can influence elections across all levels of government.

turn 1 : The actual meaning of turn 3 is "Thank you for joining us and providing information on the topic."

turn 1 : inquiring about strategies or approaches politicians use to engage and maintain public attention for issues that may seem disconnected or less relevant to the lives of everyday Americans.


The one and perhaps most controversial part of the law, the show-me-your-papers, though, that was upheld?

Preliminarily. You know, it was struck down on a preliminary injunction. There's still a lawsuit pending out in Arizona, and the court said for now, we're going to allow this to go forward with a couple understandings. And the understanding is that, yes, if a policeman stops someone in Arizona and, say, they don't have a driver's license, and the officer thinks this person may be here illegally, the officer can then check with the federal immigration authorities and say, do you want us to hold this person, or do you want to come and get this person?

If the federal government says no, that's the end of the matter. Justice Kennedy said this verification process should not result in prolonged detention. So he seemed to say if it's just a check and a notification, that's OK. If it's jailing somebody and holding them because Arizona thinks they're illegal, that's not OK.

And you said preliminarily, so this is clearly not the last word on that.

turn 1 : The speaker is asking for an explanation of the actions the committee plans to take to investigate the administration's immigration policies.

turn 1 : if a policeman stops someone in Arizona and, say, they don't have a driver's license, and the officer thinks this person may be here illegally, the officer can then check with the federal immigration authorities and say, do you want us to hold this person, or do you want to come and get this person?" - The actual meaning is that police officers can check with federal immigration authorities to determine whether someone is in the country illegally or not.

turn 1 : He was having a hard time thinking of an idea and then saw something.

turn 1 : The person was not on fire but he was playing very well and getting a lot of fame and jobs because of this.

turn 1 : They had a hard time coming up with something that would amaze and impress people.


Harper Lee's longtime friend Wayne Flynt will be delivering the eulogy at her funeral. He joins us on the line from Monroeville. Welcome, Mr.  Flynt, and I'm so sorry for your and I guess all of our loss.

Yeah, I think it's a sort of global loss, given the popularity of the novel across the world.

Can you give us a sense about your friendship with Harper Lee?You have been in very close contact with her in the last years of her life.

That's correct. On average, once a month for the last 10 years since her stroke, we have sat and talked and told stories and exchanged insults. . .

turn 3 : : The literal meaning of (4) is that Harper Lee and Mr. Flynt exchanged insults while they talked, however, the implied meaning is that they had a close, friendly relationship, as exchanging insults is often seen as a sign of endearment.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of (3) and (4) is that A and B are laughing, but their actual meaning is that A and B are joking with each other.

turn 3 : A agreed to do something but later realized it wasn't what they wanted

turn 3 : He was happy to attend the talk show

turn 3 : He felt like he was watching a contestant on a game show.


Well, it's actually Angel's Night. There was the long myth for a long time that kids were burning down the city. That was never true. It's an opportunity for people to get rid of their stuff to burn it down, whether it was cars or houses. But that has been turned around in a huge way. It was started under former Mayor Dennis Archer, where people by the thousands - volunteers - go out and patrol and make sure that kids are out trick or treating instead of getting in trouble and that adults that know that the night is not for them.

Rochelle, Happy Angel's Night next week, OK.

Thank you so much. I appreciate that, Scott.

Rochelle Riley of the Detroit Free Press joining us from WDET.

turn 3 : "She joins us from Bergen, Norway" implies that the speaker is conducting an interview remotely with someone who is in a different location.

turn 3 : We need to give it our best attempt and relations with Russia could use some help to get better.

turn 3 : He is not saying that Putin never does anything wrong and is very nice.

turn 3 : (2) implies that Russia's goal is to promote a worldview that everything is corrupt and that its tactics are meant to psychologically influence others;

turn 3 : the phrase "joining us from WDET" does not literally mean that Rochelle Riley is physically present at the WDET radio station. It is a standard phrase used in broadcasting to indicate that a guest is speaking remotely from another location.


And there was hell to pay. And there was hell to pay, first weeks, then months, then years, then decades. This story did not go away. And, you know, an assassin was hired to go to Tuskegee to kill Booker T.  Washington. He was pursued wherever he went. Theodore Roosevelt was criticized in ways that presidents were not criticized. There were vulgar cartoons of Mrs.  Roosevelt that had never been done before. This was all new territory.

Obviously, the president was criticized but it did not prevent his re-election a couple of years later.

No, it didn't. But there were some interesting spinning sessions that went on among Republicans. One, was to turn the dinner into lunch because it seems that lunch would be a less objectionable meal, and. . .

. . . so the story went that, no, you know, Booker T.  Washington didn't go to the dining room at the White House. He was sitting in the office, and they got hungry and they ordered a tray. And by the time they were finished, there was barely a sandwich on it. And that seemed to make the meal a little more palatable in the South. But - and this persisted for decades actually until finally in the '30s, a journalist asked Mrs.  Roosevelt, was it lunch or was it dinner?And she checked her calendar and she said, it was most definitely dinner.

turn 0 : "pay the same price as an adult" - This is an idiomatic expression meaning to face the same consequences or punishment as an adult.

turn 0 : They need the countries to realize this is the way things should be done in other countries.

turn 0 : The US and China both want to establish their own spheres of influence in the region.

turn 0 : The G8 is a group of countries discussing the world's economy and development, not just seven or eight countries

turn 0 : "And there was hell to pay" - this is an idiomatic expression meaning that there were severe consequences or punishment for something that happened. It does not literally mean that there was a payment made to the devil or hell.


Now, recent satellite pictures show that they are putting these things back together - the buildings, the rail system, the launch pad. It's not exactly clear when they started. It could have started in mid-February, before the summit. Work could have been going on as recently as over the weekend, after the summit finished.

OK. So the timing of this is a little tricky about whether this is North Korea responding to those summit talks falling apart.

That's right. A couple things to remember. First of all, you know, they can launch missiles from mobile launchers. So this site is not that big a deal. Another thing is that when North Korea made these gestures and said, now, why don't you reciprocate?People were just dismissing these as insignificant concessions. They were saying, you know, North Korea's just trying to hand us their junk. These sites are outdated. They're not worth much. Well, by that token, then people should not be too alarmed about them being reassembled.

OK. So I mean, but we've always talked about that North Korea's nuclear capabilities are, you know, something to be reckoned with. So explain exactly why we're not supposed to be so concerned about this one move.

turn 2 : In this turn, the speaker suggests that people should not be too alarmed about North Korea reassembling certain sites related to their nuclear program. The literal meaning of the words suggests that people should not be worried about these sites because they are outdated and not worth much. However, the implied meaning is that people should not be too concerned about North Korea's actions because the sites are not critical to their nuclear capabilities, and because North Korea may have already been working on them before the summit talks fell apart.

turn 2 :  Even though the conversation is centered on the North Koreans who have escaped, turn (3) highlights the fact that there are still millions of people living under the oppressive regime in North Korea, and their plight should not be overlooked or forgotten.

turn 2 : (4) is the same as its literal meaning, which is a brief acknowledgement of what was just said.

turn 2 : "Oh, wow." - This turn's actual meaning is different from its literal meaning. In this context, it is used sarcastically to express disbelief or surprise.

turn 2 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be using a euphemism or understatement to convey a more significant or sensitive message.


turn 3 : The literal meaning of (4) is asking what North Korea wants to achieve with nuclear weapons. The implicated meaning is questioning why North Korea wants nuclear weapons in the first place.

turn 3 : B doesn't understand the implications of the framework

turn 3 : B disagrees with the premise of the question but is willing to discuss it further.

turn 3 : B is impressed or surprised by what A said.

turn 3 : In turn (4), the literal meaning is that North Korea's nuclear capabilities are something to be reckoned with and the speaker is asking why we shouldn't be concerned about this one move. However, the actual meaning is that the speaker is asking for an explanation as to why the reassembling of the site should not be a cause for concern, despite the fact that North Korea's nuclear capabilities are usually considered a threat.


Well, we're looking at, what can we use that $80 million for?And so that's being discussed right now. The - you know, we requested that that this aid come. However, the White House hasn't shared the parameters of this funding with us yet. And so that's what we're working on right now. And whether or not that - those funds have to be used for drinking water or those funds can be actually used for infrastructure.

So you have no idea yet how much or any - how - if you will get any of that $80 million (unintelligible).

Well, we'll get the $80 million. That's not - that's not the issue. The issue is, you know, how can we use it that $80 million?And that's what we're negotiating with the White House today.

My colleague, Ari Shapiro, spoke with the mayor of Flint this week. And she said that the trust between the state and the city has essentially been broken and that residents of Flint have felt abandoned. How do you, as the man tasked with leading this effort to fix this problem, how do you start to rebuild that trust?

turn 3 : The community needs to act quickly to restore trust and safety in the community.

turn 3 : A is asking B if they have over a thousand songs.

turn 3 : mplies that A needs to find a way to re-establish the trust between the state and the city that has been damaged due to the crisis.

turn 3 : A is unhappy that their music is not receiving as much attention as other artists.2. B is trying to console A by mentioning that they have received praise from Vibe Magazine.

turn 3 : Asking about musical influences, not comparing the album to other artists


And so where do we go from here?One of the things that happened after the decree was issued is the stock market plunged.

Well, at this point, we'll have to see. I mean, these huge numbers came out tonight. It's unclear if the president will have a new reaction to this, but in their mind, they have to push forward. They're going to get a constitution out even if it does lack some legitimacy internationally and domestically because of what's happened with these decrees, because of the walkouts that have come out.

And a lot of his political opponents, people that were unable, you know, Mohammed Morsi was elected also very - by a very slim margin of the population. So you're seeing former presidential candidates like Amr Moussa, once the foreign minister here, once the head of the Arab League, Mohamed ElBaradei, the Nobel laureate. Those people are really capitalizing on this real anger towards Mohammed Morsi and possibly rejuvenating their political careers. So we'll really have to see. We're seeing a very divided nation, and many people are very worried about what will happen next.

There is, as you mentioned, it is an Islamist victory in those elections, but it was not just the Muslim Brotherhood. A big fraction of that was Salafis, who are even more extreme.

turn 2 : The ISIS terrorist attack in Egypt is now on both Christians who were their initial target to their fellow Muslims.

turn 2 : Mohammed Morsi's political opponents are using the people's anger for their own gain

turn 2 : Working on a space mission is a fulfilling experience

turn 2 : I am living in a log cabin with celebrity Erin and feel excited about the experience. When it was time to climb a tower, I panicked.

turn 2 : Sailing across the ocean during wartime was a perilous experience.


The highlight, I think, of the BET Awards is, like they said, the BET Awards are great because they have all the celebrities. It's not like the other shows where you sort of go on, who is that?You sort of know who everyone is. But I think, for the BET Awards this year, Al Green was the best person. I mean, he really just, you know, he made you realize, you know, there's nobody out there like him anymore, and. . .

It was fabulous.

He was amazing. And then, Alicia Keys, when she brought, you know TLC and En Vogue and those girls back on stage, it may be felt old, but nonetheless, they were really good, you know, and they sort of was singing these songs that you know, you used to remember when I think music - all generations say this but when music was really good. You know, and who thought I'd say that about TLC, but I was like oh, I miss TLC.

They did "Waterfalls" with Alicia Keys.

turn 0 : Tops in Blue is not just a regular show, it's something exceptional and unique.

turn 0 : BET Awards are great because they have all the celebrities, unlike other shows

turn 0 : The speaker assumes that the background noise suggests an emergency control headquarters

turn 0 : A's statement suggests that the sound must be recognizable as a motor vehicle in operation, not just any sound.

turn 0 :  In turn (4), the speaker describes the birds "flying" in the wind tunnel with the wind blowing in their faces, which is not a literal description of flight but rather an approximation of the experience.


(Laughter) They're very egalitarian. They want to win over each other. They have clusters in corners of libraries and gymnasiums. And you have to make a 15 percent threshold. So if you don't get 15 percent of the vote as a candidate, then your supporters have to go to someone else, and that's when it gets hairy in there where people are, you know, trying to make the case for someone to come to their side.

And how does this wind up translating itself to delegates?

It's a very complicated, long and winding process that actually takes months. And none of the results on election night actually translate to the delegates that go to the national convention. They're not bound in any way. In fact, most of this is just for momentum. It's a very small slice of delegates that wind up going to the nominating process. So really, we're talking about Sen.  Sanders, Hillary Clinton trying to gain momentum heading into the next contests.

Let me ask you about the specific party races. According to opinion polls, Mr.  Trump has extended his lead on the Republican side. Does he have an organization to deliver, or is it all (unintelligible)?

turn 3 : The implied meaning behind this question is that A was initially willing to support Donald Trump and even offered to be his running mate at one point, but has since changed his mind and is now opposed to him.

turn 3 : to carry something out means to do something

turn 3 : (4) Implied meaning: Does Mr. Trump have the support to win the Republican nomination, or is it uncertain?

turn 3 : Snuffed out has the implied meaning of stopping.

turn 3 : wait a minute usually means they are taken aback by something and need to process it


After Kristen's story dropped, there was some conversation in circles for about a week. And then immediately, institutions started deflecting responsibility. People immediately responded with some codes of conduct or some immediate action. But no one really wanted to take a look, listen, understand the extent of this problem.

You are continuing your reporting on this. What has been the reaction from female photographers that you have spoken to?

It's really difficult. I was just at a photo conference a few weeks ago. Two women shared their stories of being raped in the field. I don't think we know the extent of how bad it is. Many women in private rooms are starting to speak about what they've experienced. But they're extremely scared to go on the record because they don't want to be seen as difficult to work with. They want to continue photographing. They want to continue doing the work. There's very few people that can hold our own industry accountable. And that's why I wanted to take Kristen's reporting further and really look at, why can't photojournalism really take a hard look at itself and say, you know what?- we might not have been treating each other fairly, and there might be some consequences for our audience because of that?

In your piece, you write that there are these bigger implications here because, as you say, photography informs how we see the world, literally. And when you have the number of women photojournalists behind the camera getting smaller, what does that mean in your view for how the world is then represented?

turn 0 : The story is very different from stories people normally here

turn 0 : The cuts will be significant and likely affect employees.

turn 0 : The story was told to people and many became aware of it.

turn 0 : This statement from B implies that Screen Actors Guild and the studios haven't been able meet in-person because they are portrayed as having very aggressive leadership and being the last union to hold out for a better deal.

turn 0 : If the commission doesn't organize things well, there could be violence.


Every day - every day there's. . .

Every day.

. . . More coming, absolutely. We average about 220 to 250 a day. And they're saying that that's probably anywhere from six months to 18 to 24 months. We just don't know.

Extraordinary. Chris Brice, the interim assistant manager of Luna County, N. M.

turn 0 : A is starting a conversation and B is interrupting with a short response.

turn 0 : The speaker is asking the other person to continue the conversation.

turn 0 : A wasn't willing to risk his fingers to summit K2

turn 0 : Khaled was put in a difficult situation by ISIS and had to choose between working for them or risking retaliation.

turn 0 : The decision was not something that was given up by one side.


Well, that Times story illustrates a couple of points, one of which it promptly got the Times banned, that edition.

It did. Yes, which is predictable.

Yeah. I think they knew that. And no one's above the law. This guy's family has got $2. 7 billion.

And that's the whole point. It's why that's such a striking quote for someone to say that no one is above the law. The fact of the matter, in China, the Communist Party is above the law. The courts follow what the party says in any sort of politically sensitive case. There is no rule of law. And so how you actually solve this problem is very, very difficult, especially with a party that does not want to share power, that feels that it can police itself. But increasingly, if you talk to ordinary Chinese, they don't feel that way. They do - even by blocking the Times site, most people don't know that story, but they do know the story of many other officials who have done wrong, you know, have done bad things. And so there is, I think, an emerging crisis of confidence in the party, particularly around the issue of corruption.

turn 2 : None of the turns in this statement have a figurative or non-literal meaning. The speaker is describing a specific case they worked on and their role in collecting and analyzing physical evidence related to the crime.

turn 2 : The world is desperate for the Treasury Department's moves to succeed in stabilizing the economy.

turn 2 : Plan to make sure that the oversight is improved by the treasury Department

turn 2 : The government could acquire loans and make changes more easily.

turn 2 : "And no one's above the law. This guy's family has got $2.7 billion." - Literal meaning: The person's wealth is irrelevant to the statement that no one is above the law. Actual meaning: None. This turn is meant literally.


It did. Yes, which is predictable.

turn 3 : "There is no rule of law. And so how you actually solve this problem is very, very difficult" - Literal meaning: The lack of rule of law in China creates a challenging problem. Actual meaning: The situation is much worse than what the literal meaning suggests. The turn implies that there is a significant crisis of confidence in the Chinese government due to rampant corruption and lack of rule of law.

turn 3 : It implies that there is a lot of political maneuvering happening behind the scenes in China which an average Chinese person have no knowledge about.

turn 3 : The situation is not necessarily an 'either/or' between China and the United States.

turn 3 : The implied meaning of the speaker's turn is that China is taking advantage of its renewable energy resources, not just for environmental benefits, but also for economic growth and job creation.


Thank you.

Can you tell us about the operation?What did you see when you got to Madaya?

Well, the humanitarian situation there is really, really dire. Already - I was there last time in September 2016, people were already suffering a lot, for example. It was freezing cold in the town, and people were starting, like, to burn their own furniture or blankets because basically there is no fuel in the city, so they were burning their own belongings in order to to keep a little bit warm. But this time when I went, they even people - they were running out of anything to burn.

And speaking about food, take it into consideration that cooking gas is not available in the town. People were putting the rice or the grains that they have for food in a little bit of water and leaving it under the sun for a couple of hours so it can become a little bit tender to be eaten. This is beyond shocking.

Well, what supplies did you bring them to the people?

turn 3 : The disaster was so severe that it was impossible to save everyone, and the situation was out of control.

turn 3 : Let's focus on the areas of agreement before discussing divisive issues.

turn 3 : People were so desperate for fuel that they were even boiling their food without proper cooking gas.

turn 3 : The president will propose something new later today

turn 3 : Implied meaning: The speaker is subtly trying to convey a sense of urgency or importance in the matter being discussed, without explicitly stating it.


Right.

. . . Take me as I am. How did people perceive that?

Well, yeah. It's funny to think back. I shaved it all off because I didn't want to be a sex object. And there I was playing in bars, you know, mostly surrounded by men with drinks in their hands. And I was getting attention for not the right reasons. I wanted a different kind of power, I think.

(Singing) I am not a pretty girl. That is not what I do. I ain't no damsel in distress.

turn 3 : The speaker does not conform to traditional gender roles.

turn 3 : Opinions on gender differences are subjective and not absolute, hence should not be generalized to all men and women

turn 3 : Xi Jinping needs to appear strong and defend the interest of the Chinese people during the sensitive political season

turn 3 : 1: Chinese people prioritize having a good leader over having a leader who follows rules.

turn 3 : China is trying to negotiate the best possible deal while doing as little as possible to please Trump.


A year or so ago, the world was turned upside down - or part of the world was turned upside down - when we decided that it was it OK to say over ten instead of more than ten. And the internet change has brought a lot of reaction, too. Somebody tweeted, after we announced the change, AP has lowercased internet. Somewhere tonight, galaxies are burning.

(Laughter) And you know what?The AP and NPR will be there to cover them.

Absolutely.

Tom Kent, standards editor of the Associated Press. Thanks so much.

turn 1 : A finds something amusing but doesn't want to explain why.

turn 1 : There are several issues that could lead to conflict between US and China in the short term

turn 1 : The controversy and uproar caused by the change to saying "over ten" instead of "more than ten" is amusing.

turn 1 : China is trying to negotiate the best possible deal while doing as little as possible to please Trump.

turn 1 : The situation is not necessarily an 'either/or' between China and the United States.


Absolutely.

turn 3 :  The implied meaning of (4) is that Jeff Jarvis is not only a media analyst and professor of journalism, but also a commentator on the current news and media situation.

turn 3 : when a country is divided it means that the people living in the country have very different opinions from one another

turn 3 : The country does not have children but it means the people that are born and raised there.

turn 3 : Tom Kent is an expert on the Associated Press standards, and his opinion is appreciated.

turn 3 : The food in a region is influenced by its religion and proximity to other countries.


You mentioned Slate, which is one of the - it's in the corporate umbrella that you are. And there's also - Henry Louis Gates Jr. , he is obviously an academic superstar and a media superstar. He's played a major role in this organization and in popularizing genealogical research.

But how does the magazine try to bring together the news part with the genealogy part, where you have, actually, links to AfricanDNA. com?

Right. The two parts of the site - the site now has two core missions - the magazine and the tools-based part of the site, which is The Root's part of the site. And where it makes sense, there will be a crossover between those two functions. There's an essay that we've got coming in today from someone who's well known, who's doing an essay on researching her family history.

And it's in written form, so it'll run in the magazine. And so that is a direct connection to The Root's part of the site. But I don't think we'll always force the two things to be connected. What I would hope is that people who come to the site for - maybe if we have political junkies who are coming to the site tomorrow to see what our take is on Super Tuesday, that they would come to the site, read a good article and then maybe jump over and try to start building their family tree by the same token.

turn 2 : The literal meaning of (3) is asking what type of story was popular in the 19th century that could be compared to a modern day internet meme. The implied meaning is asking what was popular or trendy in the 19th century.

turn 2 : The literal meaning of this phrase is that the site has two primary purposes. The actual meaning, however, could be interpreted as suggesting that the magazine and the tools-based part of the site serve as the foundational elements that make up the larger site.

turn 2 : A is asking B if they have over a thousand songs.

turn 2 : The speaker is mentioning a song that reflects their current emotions.

turn 2 : (1) B: Well, the call has gone out to our NPR listeners, who are either going to be repulsed or intrigued by what you're talking about here, Terry Lee.


Well, as we often say in cosmology or theoretical physics, that idea might be crazy enough to be true.

How would it work?

Well, the idea that is talked about in this paper is that there's kind of a parallel universe out there with very similar laws of physics to ours, but it only communicates with our universe by a very feeble interaction. So it's almost invisible. So it could be occupying the same space. But without very sensitive experiments, we cannot perceive that. And this paper talks about such an experiment done at a laboratory in Grenoble, France, where they bottle neutrons. They bottled about a half million neutrons in an ultracold neutron trap, and they monitored them for about five minutes, and they see some of them disappear.

And the idea is that they could be leaking into this parallel universe?

turn 3 : In turn (4), the literal meaning is that North Korea's nuclear capabilities are something to be reckoned with and the speaker is asking why we shouldn't be concerned about this one move. However, the actual meaning is that the speaker is asking for an explanation as to why the reassembling of the site should not be a cause for concern, despite the fact that North Korea's nuclear capabilities are usually considered a threat.

turn 3 : The literal meaning of this turn is that B is asking if the neutrons could be physically leaking into another universe. However, the implied meaning is that B is asking if the neutrons could be disappearing because they are interacting with the parallel universe proposed in the paper mentioned by A. This implies that the parallel universe is not a physical location that can be entered or exited, but rather a theoretical construct that can only be detected through indirect means.

turn 3 :  you imply that something is the case

turn 3 : Turn (3) describes the discovery of clues that led to the unraveling of the scandal, which is consistent with its literal meaning.

turn 3 : implies to not being in support and feeling unfavorable about the result.


. . . can I get you to share the English translation of the poem in hieroglyphics that you wrote?

Absolutely. (Reading) There was a laugh of the Egyptian past that I will be the last to know. I asked my mom, but she didn't know. I asked my mask, but I forgot he wasn't alive.

The thing of it is, Olivier Blanchard, you put those hieroglyphics in that poem in the front of an economics textbook. And, in fact, every line seems to indicate something about economic thought. Or am I just projecting?

I think you're just projecting.

turn 3 : (4) is a straightforward denial of B's implied meaning, and does not carry any additional implied meanings beyond that.

turn 3 :  (3) is not a meaningful statement, so its actual meaning is different from its literal meaning.

turn 3 : "But well..." - This is an expression that doesn't have a literal meaning. It is an interjection that is often used to indicate hesitation, a change of subject, or a transition in conversation.

turn 3 : How are you?" - The literal meaning is a question about Farai's well-being. The implied meaning is a standard greeting used in social interactions.

turn 3 : "How did this start?" - This turn has a literal meaning and it is asking for the beginning of something.


Oh, I think these were real friendships. It is pretty clear that Mr.  Epstein and Mr.  Trump socialized in the same circles. And it is quite clear that Mr.  Clinton spent a lot of time on Jeffrey Epstein's private jet, found his way to Epstein's private island. And that doesn't necessarily mean that anything illegal or improper took place.

But those were friendships. This was not people meeting each other in a greeting line. They spent a certain amount of time together as social acquaintances and friends, and so, for that matter, did many other people. His political contributions have been mostly on the Democratic side, but they tapered off or stopped completely when he found himself in hot water in South Florida.

How did Jeffrey Epstein's political profile influence his prosecution?Are these the questions that are being raised now?

They are being raised now. And I think, rather than it being his political profile, I think it was mostly a case of him having money to burn and having all sorts of resources to throw at a dream team of lawyers who were able to essentially dictate the terms to the U. S.  attorney's office when it appeared that he was going to be charged in a federal indictment. We have seen a number of emails which suggest that what Mr.  Epstein wanted he was able to get from prosecutors.

turn 2 : Getting rich may not lead to a good life.

turn 2 : Turn (4): "I want to talk about Lincoln and I think that there's a monument up there to Lincoln's role in this battle" - The literal meaning is that the speaker wants to discuss a monument related to Lincoln's role in a battle. However, the actual meaning could be that the speaker wants to discuss Lincoln's role in the battle itself, rather than just the monument.

turn 2 : money to burn implies being able to spend money as desired and unnecessarily.

turn 2 : The speaker is expressing well-wishes to Mayor Belangia, but may not actually intend to visit Oriental or bring bread. The statement is likely meant to be polite or humorous.

turn 2 : asking for a quote which is not the same as the actual meaning of the statement which is that community-level well-being played an important role in this election.


I think it does make a difference. Different presidents, Lyndon Johnson and Carter, did a great deal in adding blacks to the - at least, district court bench, not as much on the appellate courts. So, I think it is a little easier. You have one man. If he is dedicated to the idea of having a diverse judiciary, and they're lifetime appointments, you're Article Three judges, so you do have a better chance.

On the state level, it tends to be so local with local prejudices and wants. In Ohio, we were talking about, there's a name game going on. Seats constantly being taken by guys with the same name. And a lot of people, in elected places, don't know who the judges are.

When you have 40 judges on the common pleas court bench, the odds that you don't know who they are, what they represent because they can't say anything really profound in their campaigning other then I will be fair and impartial, you don't know about their background. It's a difficult thing to do.

All of this said, given your experience, what do you think that some African-American judges can bring, first of all, in the courtroom, dealing with people who are accused of crimes, but secondly, among their colleagues.

turn 0 : "address the growing inequality crisis" - Literal meaning: to deal with the issue of inequality that is becoming more severe. Actual meaning: to take measures to reduce the gap between the rich and poor and provide support for those who are struggling.

turn 0 :  A's turn: "We have made an idol of Robert Edward Lee. We have made him an idol of white supremacy. We have made him an idol of nationalism and of bigotry and of hate and of racism. And that's unacceptable."  The actual meaning of this turn is that the speaker believes that the way Robert Edward Lee is being celebrated is unacceptable, as it is a form of idolatry that promotes hate, racism, white supremacy, and nationalism.

turn 0 : Turn (4): "I want to talk about Lincoln and I think that there's a monument up there to Lincoln's role in this battle" - The literal meaning is that the speaker wants to discuss a monument related to Lincoln's role in a battle. However, the actual meaning could be that the speaker wants to discuss Lincoln's role in the battle itself, rather than just the monument.

turn 0 : "adding blacks to the - at least, district court bench" - Literal meaning: appointing black judges to the district court bench. Actual meaning: Increasing diversity in the judiciary.

turn 0 : The actual meanings of these turns are: (2) Martin Luther King was killed by a white assassin; (3) America doesn't understand or appreciate the contributions of black leaders during Reconstruction; (4) America's history of racism and white supremacy has been ignored or minimized for many decades.


turn 1 : "that's part of the game that's being played." meaning that the function of how politics work.

turn 1 :  "who plays the hero?" - The literal meaning is asking for the identity of the person who plays the lead role in a movie, but the actual meaning in context is a sarcastic response to the previous conversation about staying warm, suggesting that there is no hero in that situation.

turn 1 : The literal meaning of (3) is a simple expression of agreement, while the implied meaning is that the speaker is amazed by the story of Steve Dalkowski's feats.

turn 1 : B: "That soccer star Abby Wambach" - This turn has a literal meaning as it refers to the actual identity of the person being mentioned.

turn 1 : "there's a name game going on" - Literal meaning: a game related to names. Actual meaning: Judges are being appointed based on their names rather than their qualifications.


And to tell you the truth, I still feel so very, very sorry for that little girl, you know, for her utter helplessness. And that has made me really empathize with children and with situations where human beings become like children in terms of becoming utterly helpless. If anything good came out of that incident, was realizing that you need to empathize with these situations, and you need as much as it is in your power to try and prevent such things happening, not just child molestation, but being put in a position where you have no choice.

I mean, it's interesting that your previous book was ostensibly about the book "Lolita. "

Yeah, you're right.

Well, I'm just wondering, I mean, do you see yourself personally in Lolita?

turn 0 : "Thank you" - The literal meaning is an expression of gratitude or appreciation.

turn 0 : to feel sorry for someone means that you feel sad for someone, or showing compassion

turn 0 : Implied meaning: The speaker may be hinting at a desire or need for help or support from the listener.

turn 0 : "solve one problem without the other" - This is a figurative way of describing a difficult situation where two interconnected problems must be addressed together, rather than separately. It does not literally mean that one problem must be solved without the other.

turn 0 : to put something in this context is to explain something


Yeah, you're right.

turn 1 : Discussing the use of condoms during sexual relations in the book.

turn 1 : a long time coming means something has been meaning to happen but hasn't happened until recently

turn 1 : expression of surprise, as the speaker is asking if the peace talks are starting on Monday despite the big sticking point.

turn 1 : a request for a reminder of the timeline of events leading up to the current situation.

turn 1 : B is suggesting that the topic of child molestation in A's previous book might be related to A's personal experiences, given the similarities to the themes in Lolita