type: legislation

jurisdiction: EU

text:
 Svarīgs juridisks paziņojums
 |
 52005PC0119(01)
 Priekšlikums Eiropas Parlamenta un Padomes lēmums par Eiropas Kopienas Septīto pamatprogrammu pētniecības, tehnoloģiju attīstības un demonstrējumu pasākumiem (no 2007. līdz 2013. gadam) {SEC(2005) 430} {SEC(2005) 431} /* COM/2005/0119 galīgā redakcija - COD 2005/0043 */
 [pic] | EIROPAS KOPIENU KOMISIJA |Briselē, 6.4.2005COM(2005) 119 galīgā redakcija2005/0043 (COD)2005/0044 (CNS)PriekšlikumsEIROPAS PARLAMENTA UN PADOMES LĒMUMSpar Eiropas Kopienas Septīto pamatprogrammu pētniecības, tehnoloģiju attīstības un demonstrējumu pasākumiem (no 2007. līdz 2013. gadam)PriekšlikumsPADOMES LĒMUMSpar Eiropas Atomenerģijas kopienas (Euratom) Septīto pamatprogrammu par kodolpētniecības un mācību pasākumiem (no 2007. līdz 2011. gadam)(iesniegusi Komisija) {SEC(2005) 430}{SEC(2005) 431}PASKAIDROJUMA RAKSTS1. PRIEKšLIKUMA SATURSšā priekšlikuma politiskais konteksts un mērķi ir izklāstīti paziņojumā „Uz zināšanām balstītas Eiropas Pētniecības telpas veidošana izaugsmei”[1], ko tajā pašā laikā iesniegusi Komisija.Zināšanas ir Lisabonas stratēģijas darba kārtības centrā un ir visu tās elementu pamatā. Pētniecība un tehnoloģijas kopā ar izglītību un jauninājumiem ir „zināšanu trīsstūra” sastāvdaļas.Lai kļūtu par „konkurētspējīgāko un dinamiskāko uz zinātnes atziņām balstīto ekonomiku pasaulē”, vienlaicīgi saglabājot „Eiropas modeļa” pieeju, Eiropai ir jāpalielina savi izdevumi pētniecībai līdz 3% no ES IKP un labāk jāizmanto savas iespējas šajā jomā, pārvēršot zinātniskos rezultātus jaunos produktos, procesos un pakalpojumos.ES vienlaicīgi ar dalībvalstīm un ciešā sadarbībā ar tām jāapvieno savi juridiskie un finansiālie līdzekļi šā mērķa sasniegšanai, sākot ar pētniecības pamatprogrammu.2. IEPRIEKšēJA APSPRIEšANāSSagatavojot pašreizējos priekšlikumus, Komisija ir ņēmusi vērā citu ES iestāžu izteiktos atzinumus, jo īpaši Eiropas Parlamenta un dalībvalstu atzinumus, kā arī citu ieinteresēto personu viedokļus, kas iegūti plašā apspriedē, tostarp ar zinātnisko aprindu un ražotāju pārstāvjiem.Šis priekšlikums arī pamatojas uz padziļinātu ietekmes novērtējumu. Minētais ietekmes novērtējums balstījās uz ieinteresēto personu sniegto ieguldījumu, iekšējiem un ārējiem novērtējumiem un citiem pētījumiem, kā arī atzītu Eiropas izvērtēšanas un ietekmes novērtējuma ekspertu ieguldījumu. Novērtējumā konstatēts, ka Eiropa saskaras ar daudzām ekonomikas, sociālām un vides problēmām, ko palīdz risināt zinātne un tehnoloģijas, ka Eiropas zinātnes un tehnoloģiju sistēmai tomēr ir trūkumi un ka ES veiksmīgi atbalstījusi pētniecību, īstenojot iepriekšējās pamatprogrammas.3. TIESISKIE ASPEKTIPriekšlikums EK Pamatprogrammai, kas aptver laikposmu no 2007. līdz 2013. gadam, pamatojas uz Līguma XVIII nodaļas 163. līdz 171. pantu, kuros noteikta ES pētniecības politika un tās finanšu instrumenti, jo īpaši daudzgadu pētniecības pamatprogramma.Lai nostiprinātu izcilību un paaugstinātu pētniecības vidējo līmeni Eiropā, pamatprincips ir veicināt, organizēt un izmantot visus sadarbības veidus pētniecībā, sākot no sadarbības kopīgajos projektos un tīklos līdz valstu pētniecības programmu koordinācijai, konkurencei Eiropas līmenī, kā arī plašu tehnoloģisko iniciatīvu kopīgajai īstenošanai un Eiropas lieluma un vispārējās intereses infrastruktūras vienotajai attīstībai.Pasākumu apjoms ir samērīgs ar ES-25 vajadzību apjomu, ņemot vērā pētniecības pieaugošās izmaksas, nepieciešamību apvienot cilvēkresursu un materiālo resursu „kritisko masu”, kā arī risināt jaunās vajadzības vai problēmas, kas vislabāk risināmas Eiropas līmenī.Lai maksimāli palielinātu ES finansiālā atbalsta ietekmi, Septītajā pētniecības pamatprogrammā tiks nostiprināta saikne un sinerģija ar valstu pasākumiem un politikām, kā arī citiem ES pasākumiem un finanšu avotiem.4. IESPAIDS UZ BUDžETUšim lēmumam pievienotajā „Pārskatā par ietekmi uz budžetu” izklāstīta ietekme uz budžetu, kā arī cilvēkresursiem un administratīvajiem resursiem.5. VIENKāRšOšANAGalvenā Septītās pamatprogrammas atšķirība no iepriekšējām programmām ir tās īstenošanas būtiska vienkāršošana. Attiecībā uz to paredzētie pasākumi ir aprakstīti īstenošanas darba dokumentā, kas ir pievienots šim priekšlikumam. Tie aptvers pilnu finansēšanas ciklu, tostarp finansēšanas shēmu, administratīvo un finanšu noteikumu un procedūru vienkāršošanu, kā arī dokumentu lasāmību un lietotājdraudzīgumu. Komisija plāno izmantot ārpakalpojumus, lai veiktu darbības, kas saistītas ar lielu skaitu neliela apjoma uzdevumu, saglabājot atbildību pār tām.Izpildaģentūras pārvaldībā būs jo īpaši Marijas Kirī vārdā nosauktās darbības, atbalsts MVU, kā arī administratīvi uzdevumi, kas ir saistīti ar citiem pētniecības projektiem, ieskaitot kopīgo pētījumu projektus. šī pieeja tiks izmantota arī, lai īstenotu Eiropas Pētniecības padomes (EPP) darbības.6. SATURSSeptītā pamatprogramma tiks iedalīta četrās īpašās programmās, kas atbilst Eiropas pētniecības politikas četriem galvenajiem mērķiem.- SadarbībaAtbalstu piešķirs virknei pētniecības pasākumu, kas ietvers starpvalstu sadarbību, no sadarbības projektiem un tīkliem līdz pētniecības programmu koordinācijai. Starptautiska sadarbība starp ES un trešām valstīm ir neatņemama šīs programmas daļa.- IdejasTiks izveidota autonoma Eiropas Pētniecības padome, lai atbalstītu pētnieku ierosinātos „progresīvos pētījumus”, ko veic atsevišķas grupas, kuras konkurē savā starpā Eiropas līmenī, visās zinātnes un tehnoloģiju jomās, tostarp inženierzinātnē, sociālekonomiskās zinātnēs un humanitārās zinātnēs.- CilvēkiDarbības, kas vērstas uz atbalstu pētnieku apmācībai un profesionālai attīstībai un kas minētas kā Marijas Kirī vārdā nosauktās darbības, tiks pastiprinātas, pievēršot vairāk uzmanības prasmju un profesionālās attīstības galvenajiem aspektiem un ciešākai saiknei ar valstu sistēmām.- IespējasTiks atbalstīti Eiropas pētniecības un jauninājumu iespēju galvenie aspekti: pētniecības infrastruktūra, pētniecība MVU vajadzībām, reģionālas pētniecības kopas, ES „konverģences” reģionu pilna pētniecības potenciāla izmantošana, jautājumi, kas saistīti ar programmu „Zinātne sabiedrībā”, starptautiskās sadarbības „horizontālās” darbības.šīs četras īpašās programmas tiks īstenotas ar mērķi nodrošināt Eiropas izcilības centru izveidi.Turklāt ir paredzēta īpaša programma Kopīgā pētniecības centra pasākumiem, kas neattiecas uz kodoljautājumiem.Sadarbības programma tiks iedalīta apakšprogrammās, katra no kurām, ciktāl iespējams, būs autonoma no īstenošanas viedokļa, tajā pašā laikā nodrošinot saskanību un konsekvenci un ļaujot īstenot vienotu un starpdisciplināru pieeju vispārējas intereses pētniecības jomām.Galvenās tēmas programmā „Sadarbība” ir:- veselība;- pārtika, lauksaimniecība un biotehnoloģija;- informācijas un komunikācijas tehnoloģijas,- nanozinātnes, nanotehnoloģijas, materiāli un jaunas ražošanas tehnoloģijas;- enerģētika;- vide (tostarp klimata pārmaiņas);- transports (tostarp aeronautika);- sociālekonomiskās zinātnes un humanitārās zinātnes;- drošība un kosmosa pētniecība.PriekšlikumsEIROPAS PARLAMENTA UN PADOMES LĒMUMSpar Eiropas Kopienas Septīto pamatprogrammu pētniecības, tehnoloģiju attīstības un demonstrējumu pasākumiem (no 2007. līdz 2013. gadam)EIROPAS PARLAMENTS UN EIROPAS SAVIENĪBAS PADOME,ņemot vērā Eiropas Kopienas dibināšanas līgumu un jo īpaši tā 166. panta 1. punktu,ņemot vēra Komisijas priekšlikumu[2],ņemot vērā Eiropas Ekonomikas un sociālo lietu komitejas atzinumu[3],ņemot vērā Reģionu komitejas atzinumu[4],rīkojoties saskaņā ar Līguma 251. pantā paredzēto procedūru[5],tā kā(1) Kopienas mērķis ir nostiprināt Kopienas rūpniecības zinātnisko un tehnoloģisko bāzi un nodrošināt augstu konkurētspējas līmeni. šim nolūkam Kopiena veicina visas vajadzīgās pētniecības darbības, jo īpaši, atbalstot uzņēmumus, tostarp mazos un vidējos uzņēmumus („MVU”), pētniecības centrus un universitātes to pētniecības un tehnoloģiju attīstības darbībās.(2) Pētniecības centrālā loma konkurētspējas un ekonomikas izaugsmes nodrošināšanā tika atzīta Lisabonas Eiropadomē, kurā tika uzsvērts, ka zināšanas un jauninājumi ir galvenais virzītājspēks ekonomikas attīstībai, tostarp nodarbinātības pieaugumam Eiropā.(3) Saskaņā ar Lisabonas stratēģiju Barselonas Eiropadomē tika nosprausts mērķis palielināt Eiropas pētniecības pasākumu budžetu līdz 3% no ES IKP, divas trešdaļas no šā apjoma nodrošinot no privātā sektora ieguldījumiem.(4) Eiropas Parlaments vairākkārt, tostarp savās jaunākajās 2005. gada marta pamatnostādnēs par ES nākotnes politiku pētniecības atbalstam[6], ir uzsvēris pētniecības un tehnoloģiju attīstības nozīmi un zināšanu pieaugušo lomu ekonomikas izaugsmei.(5) Ņemot vērā visu Kopienas politiku pētniecības vajadzības un balstoties uz Eiropas rūpniecības nozares, zinātnieku aprindu, universitāšu un citu ieinteresēto aprindu plašo atbalstu, Kopienai ir jānosaka zinātniskie un tehnoloģiskie mērķi, kas jāsasniedz saskaņā ar tās Septīto pamatprogrammu laikposmā no 2007. līdz 2013. gadam.(6) šie mērķi ir jābalsta uz Sestās pamatprogrammas sasniegumiem Eiropas Pētniecības telpas izveidē un jāturpina tie, attīstot uz zinātnes atziņām balstītu ekonomiku un sabiedrību Eiropā. šo mērķu starpā īpaši svarīgi ir:(7) Atbalstīt visa veida starpvalstu sadarbību ES teritorijā.(8) Uzlabot Eiropas progresīvās pētniecības dinamismu, jaunradi un izcilību.(9) Kvantitatīvi un kvalitatīvi stiprināt zinātnes un tehnoloģiju cilvēkresursu potenciālu Eiropā.(10) Uzlabot pētniecības un jauninājumu iespējas visā Eiropā, nodrošinot to optimālu izmantošanu.(11) Lai realizētu šos mērķus, ir jāveicina četru veidu darbības: starpvalstu sadarbība politikas noteikto tēmu jomā („Sadarbība”), pētnieku ierosinātie pētījumi, pamatojoties uz pētniecības aprindu iniciatīvu („Idejas”), individuālo pētnieku atbalsts („Cilvēki”) un pētniecības iespēju atbalsts („Iespējas”).(12) Programmā „Sadarbība” atbalsts jāsniedz visiem starpvalstu sadarbības veidiem visā Eiropas Savienībā un ārpus tās robežām vairākās tematiskās jomās, kas atbilst galvenajām zināšanu un tehnoloģiju attīstības jomām, kurās jāatbalsta un jāpastiprina pētniecība, lai risinātu Eiropas sociālās, ekonomikas, vides un rūpniecības problēmas.(13) Programmā „Idejas” darbības jāveic Eiropas Pētniecības padomei („EPP”), kurai jāpiešķir liela autonomijas pakāpe.(14) Programmā „Cilvēki” indivīdi jārosina pievērsties pētnieka profesijai, veicinot Eiropas zinātnieku palikšanu Eiropā, kā arī piesaistot Eiropai zinātniekus no visas pasaules, veidojot labākajiem pētniekiem pievilcīgu Eiropu.(15) Programmā „Iespējas” jāoptimizē pētniecības infrastruktūru izmantošana un attīstība; jāstiprina MVU jauninājumu iespējas un to spēja gūt labumu no pētniecības; jāatbalsta reģionālu pētniecības kopu attīstība; pilnībā jāizmanto pētniecības potenciāls ES konverģences reģionos un attālākajos reģionos; jātuvina zinātne un sabiedrība, lai saskaņotā veidā integrētu zinātni un tehnoloģijas Eiropas sabiedrībā; jāveic horizontālas darbības un pasākumi starptautiskas sadarbības atbalstam.(16) Kopīgajam pētniecības centram ir jāveicina iepriekšminēto mērķu sasniegšana, veicot tiešas darbības un sniedzot uz patērētājiem orientētu atbalstu ES politiku īstenošanai.(17) Septītā pamatprogramma papildina dalībvalstīs veiktās darbības, kā arī citas Kopienas darbības, kas ir nepieciešamas kopējiem stratēģiskiem centieniem Lisabonā nosprausto mērķu īstenošanai, jo īpaši papildus darbībām tādās jomās kā struktūrfondi, lauksaimniecība, izglītība, apmācība, konkurētspēja un jauninājumi, rūpniecība, nodarbinātība un vide.(18) Jauninājumiem un ar MVU saistītajām darbībām, ko atbalsta saskaņā ar šo Pamatprogrammu, jāpapildina darbības, ko veic saskaņā ar Konkurētspējas un jauninājumu pamatprogrammu.(19) Ņemot vērā Pamatprogrammas darbību plaši atbalstīto paplašināto apjomu, valsts un privāto investīciju efektivitāti, vajadzību dot iespēju Kopienai atrisināt jaunas zinātnes un tehnoloģiju problēmas, svarīgo lomu, kas Kopienas darbībai ir Eiropas pētniecības sistēmas efektivitātes uzlabošanā, Septītās pamatprogrammas ieguldījumu Lisabonas stratēģijas iedzīvināšanā, ir steidzami jādivkāršo ES pētniecības budžets[7].(20) ņemot vērā Sestās pamatprogrammas jauno instrumentu izmantošanas vidusposma pārskatīšanu un pamatprogrammas piecu gadu novērtējumu, ir noteikta jauna pieeja, kurai vajadzētu nodrošināt ES pētniecības politikas politisko mērķu vieglāku, efektīvāku un elastīgāku sasniegšanu. šim nolūkam jāizmanto mazāks vienkāršāku „finansēšanas shēmu” kopums, apvienojumā ar lielāku elastīgumu un brīvību, lai atbalstītu dažādas darbības.(21) Saskaņā ar Līguma 163. pantu veicamo pasākumu mērķi veicināt uz zinātnes atziņām balstītās ekonomikas un sabiedrības izveidi Eiropā nevar pietiekami sekmīgi sasniegt dalībvalstu spēkiem un tādējādi šo mērķi labāk iespējams sasniegt Kopienas mērogā, tādēļ Kopiena var pieņemt pasākumus saskaņā ar Līguma 5. pantā noteikto subsidiaritātes principu. Saskaņā ar minētajā pantā noteikto proporcionalitātes principu šajā septītajā pamatprogrammā paredzēts tikai nepieciešamais minēto mērķu sasniegšanai.(22) Septītās pamatprogrammas īstenošanas rezultātā var rasties papildprogrammas, kas ietver tikai dažu dalībvalstu līdzdalību, Kopienas līdzdalību vairāku dalībvalstu veiktajās programmās vai kopuzņēmumu vai citu struktūru veidošanu Līguma 168., 169. un 171. panta nozīmē.(23) Kopiena ir noslēgusi vairākus starptautiskus nolīgumus pētniecības jomā, un ir jāpastiprina starptautiska pētniecības sadarbība, lai turpmāk integrētu Kopienu pasaules pētniecības kopienā.(24) Septītajai pamatprogrammai ir jāsniedz ieguldījums ilgtspējīgas attīstības un vides aizsardzības veicināšanā.(25) Pētījumos, kas veikti šīs pamatprogrammas darbības laikā, jāievēro ētikas pamatprincipi, tostarp tie, kas ir iekļauti Eiropas Savienības Pamattiesību hartā. Ir ņemti vērā atzinumi, ko sniegusi Eiropas grupa par dabaszinātņu ētiku un jaunām tehnoloģijām, un tas tiks darīts arī turpmāk.(26) Septītajā pamatprogrammā pienācīgi tiks ņemta vērā sieviešu loma zinātnē un pētniecībā, lai vēl vairāk palielinātu sieviešu aktīvo lomu pētniecībā.(27) šajā tiesību aktā ir noteikta finanšu struktūra visam programmas darbības laikam, kas ir galvenais atskaites punkts budžeta iestādei nozīmē, kas paredzēta [...] punktā Eiropas Parlamenta, Padomes un Komisijas [...] iestāžu nolīgumā par budžeta disciplīnu un budžeta procedūras uzlabošanu.(28) Jāveic arī atbilstoši pasākumi, lai novērstu nelikumības un krāpšanu, kā arī pasākumi, lai atgūtu zaudētos, nepamatoti izmaksātos vai nepareizi izlietotos līdzekļus saskaņā ar Padomes 1995. gada 18. decembra Regulu (EK, Euratom) Nr. 2988/95 par Eiropas Kopienu finanšu interešu aizsardzību[8], 1996. gada 11. novembra Regulu (Euratom, EK) Nr. 2185/96 par pārbaudēm un apskatēm uz vietas, ko Komisija veic, lai aizsargātu Eiropas Kopienu finanšu intereses pret krāpšanu un citām nelikumībām[9], un Eiropas Parlamenta un Padomes Regulu (EK) Nr. 1073/1999 par izmeklēšanu, ko veic Eiropas Birojs krāpšanas apkarošanai (OLAF)[10].(29) Ir svarīgi nodrošināt pareizu Septītās pamatprogrammas finanšu vadību un īstenošanu visefektīvākajā un lietotājam draudzīgākajā, kā arī visiem dalībniekiem viegli pieejamā veidā. Ir svarīgi nodrošināt atbilstību Padomes 2002. gada 25. jūnija Regulai (EK, Euratom) Nr. 1605/2002 par Finanšu regulu, ko piemēro Eiropas Kopienu vispārējam budžetam, un vienkāršošanas un labāka regulējuma prasībām,IR NOLēMUSI šāDI.1. pantsPamatprogrammas izveideAr šo laikposmam no 2007. gada 1. janvāra līdz 2013. gada 31. decembrim nosaka Pamatprogrammu Kopienas darbībām pētniecības un tehnoloģiju attīstības jomā, ieskaitot demonstrējumu pasākumus, še turpmāk „Septītā pamatprogramma”.2. pantsMērķi un darbības1. Septītā Pamatprogramma ir paredzēta 2. līdz 5. punktā izklāstīto darbību atbalstam. Minēto darbību mērķi un vispārējas pamatnostādnes ir izklāstītas I pielikumā.2. Sadarbība: atbalsts tiks sniegts virknei pētniecības pasākumu, ko veiks, izmantojot starpvalstu sadarbību, šādās tematiskajās jomās:3. veselība;4. pārtika, lauksaimniecība un biotehnoloģija;5. informācijas un komunikācijas tehnoloģijas;6. nanozinātnes, nanotehnoloģijas, materiāli un jaunas ražošanas tehnoloģijas;7. enerģētika;8. vide (tostarp klimata pārmaiņas);9. transports (tostarp aeronautika);10. sociālekonomiskās zinātnes un humanitārās zinātnes;11. drošība un kosmoss.12. Idejas: atbalsts tiks sniegts „pētnieku ierosinātiem” pētījumiem, ko visās jomās veic atsevišķas grupas, kuras konkurē savā starpā Eiropas līmenī.13. Cilvēki: atbalsts tiks sniegts kvantitatīvai un kvalitatīvai zinātnes un tehnoloģiju cilvēkresursu potenciāla stiprināšanai Eiropā.14. Iespējas: tiks atbalstīti Eiropas pētniecības un jauninājumu iespēju galvenie aspekti, tādi kā pētniecības infrastruktūra, reģionālās pētniecības kopas, pilna pētniecības potenciāla attīstība Eiropā un attālākos reģionos, pētniecība mazo un vidējo uzņēmumu (MVU) vajadzībām, ar programmu „Zinātne sabiedrībā” saistītie jautājumi, starptautiskās sadarbības „horizontālās” darbības.15. Septītās pamatprogrammas ietvaros tiks sniegts atbalsts Kopīgā pētniecības centra (KPC) veiktajām tiešajām zinātniskajām un tehnoloģiskajām darbībām, kas nav saistītas ar kodoljautājumiem, kā noteikts I pielikumā.3. pantsSeptīto pamatprogrammu īsteno ar īpašām programmām. šajās programmās nosaka precīzus mērķus un sīki izstrādātus īstenošanas noteikumus.4. pantsMaksimālais kopējais apjoms un katrai darbībai piešķirtā finansējuma īpatsvars1. Kopienas finansiālās līdzdalības maksimālais kopējais apjoms šajā Septītajā pamatprogrammā ir EUR 72726 miljoni. Minētās summas sadalījums 2. panta 2. līdz 6. punktā minētajām darbībām un pasākumiem ir šāds (miljonos EUR):Sadarbība | 44432 |Idejas | 11862 |Cilvēki | 7129 |Iespējas | 7486 |Ar kodoljautājumiem nesaistītas Kopīgā pētniecības centra darbības | 1817 |2. Aptuvenais sadalījums pa katras I pielikumā minētās darbības tematiskajām jomām ir sniegts II pielikumā.3. Sīki izstrādāti noteikumi Kopienas finansiālai līdzdalībai šajā pamatprogrammā ir noteikti III pielikumā.5. pantsKopienas finanšu interešu aizsardzībaAttiecībā uz Kopienas darbībām, ko finansē saskaņā ar šo lēmumu, Kopienas tiesību normas pārkāpuma gadījumā, ieskaitot saistībā ar šo programmu paredzēto līgumsaistību pārkāpumu, kuru rada kāda uzņēmēja rīcība vai nolaidība, kas kaitē vai varētu kaitēt Eiropas Kopienu vispārējam budžetam vai to pārvaldītiem budžetiem, radot nepamatotus izdevumus, piemēro Regulu (EK, Euratom) Nr. 2988/95 un Regulu (Euratom, EK) Nr. 2185/96.6. pantsVisi pētījumi, ko veic saskaņā ar Septīto pamatprogrammu, jāveic saskaņā ar ētikas pamatprincipiem.7. pantsUzraudzība, novērtēšana un pārskatīšana1. Ne vēlāk kā 2010. gadā Komisija ar ārējo ekspertu palīdzību veic šīs pamatprogrammas un tās īpašo programmu starpposma novērtējumu attiecībā uz notiekošo pētniecības darbību kvalitāti un virzību uz nospraustajiem mērķiem.2. Divus gadus pēc šīs pamatprogrammas pabeigšanas Komisija veic programmas pamatojuma, īstenošanas un sasniegumu ārējo novērtējumu, pieaicinot neatkarīgus ekspertus.Komisija minētā novērtējuma secinājumus, pievienojot savus apsvērumus, dara zināmus Eiropas Parlamentam, Padomei, Ekonomikas un sociālo lietu komitejai un Reģionu komitejai.Briselē, [...]Eiropas Parlamenta vārdā – Padomes vārdā –priekšsēdētājs priekšsēdētājsI PIELIKUMSZINĀTNISKIE UN TEHNOLOĢISKIE MĒRĶI, TēMU UN DARBĪBU VISPĀRĪGAS NOSTĀDNESSeptītā pamatprogramma tiks īstenota, lai izpildītu Līguma 163. pantā aprakstītos vispārējos mērķus, veicinot uz zinātnes atziņām balstītas sabiedrības izveidi un turpinot Eiropas Pētniecības telpas attīstību. Tā stiprinās izcilību zinātniskajā un tehnoloģiskajā pētniecībā, īstenojot šādas četras programmas: sadarbība, idejas, cilvēki un iespējas.I SADARBīBAšajā Septītās pamatprogrammas daļā atbalsts tiks sniegts starpvalstu sadarbībai visā Eiropas Savienībā un ārpus tās robežām vairākās tematiskās jomās, kas atbilst galvenajām zināšanu un tehnoloģiju attīstības jomām, kurās jāatbalsta un jāpastiprina pētniecība, lai risinātu Eiropas sociālās, ekonomiskās, vides un rūpnieciskās problēmas.Vispārējs mērķis ir veicināt ilgtspējīgu attīstību.Deviņas tēmas ES darbībai ir šādas:16. veselība;17. pārtika, lauksaimniecība un biotehnoloģija;18. informācijas un komunikācijas tehnoloģijas,19. nanozinātnes, nanotehnoloģijas, materiāli un jaunas ražošanas tehnoloģijas;20. enerģētika;21. vide (tostarp klimata pārmaiņas);22. transports (tostarp aeronautika);23. sociālekonomiskās zinātnes un humanitārās zinātnes;24. drošība un kosmoss.šīs tēmas ir samērā plaši definētas, lai tās varētu pielāgot jaunām vajadzībām un iespējām, kas var rasties Septītās pamatprogrammas darbības laikā. Katrai no šīm tēmām ir noteiktas vairākas darbības, kurās norādītas vispārējās nostādnes, kas paredzētas Kopienas atbalstam. Tās ir noteiktas, pamatojoties uz to, kā tās sekmē ES mērķu sasniegšanu, tostarp pāreju uz zināšanu sabiedrību, kā arī attiecīgo Eiropas pētniecības potenciālu un šajā jomā veikto ES līmeņa darbību pievienoto vērtību.īpaša uzmanība tiks pievērsta prioritārām zinātnes jomām, kas apvieno vairākas tēmas, piemēram jūras zinātnes un tehnoloģijas.Daudzdisciplinaritāte tiks veicināta ar kopējām starptematiskām pieejām pētniecības un tehnoloģiju jomām, kas ir saistītas ar vairāk nekā vienu tēmu.Attiecībā uz jautājumiem, kas jo īpaši aktuāli rūpniecības nozarei, tēmas ir noteiktas, pamatojoties arī uz darbu, ko veikušas dažādas „Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformas”, kuras ir izveidotas jomās, kur Eiropas konkurētspēja, ekonomikas izaugsme un labklājība ir atkarīga no nozīmīga pētniecības un tehnoloģiju progresa vidējā un ilgā termiņā. Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformas apvieno attiecīgo nozaru ieinteresētās personas, lai definētu un īstenotu Stratēģiskās izpētes programmu. šī pamatprogramma sekmēs minēto Stratēģiskās izpētes programmu realizāciju, ja tās rada Eiropas pievienoto vērtību.Deviņās tēmās tiks iekļauta arī izpēte, kas vajadzīga, lai atbalstītu ES politikas formulēšanu, īstenošanu un izvērtēšanu tādās jomās kā veselība, drošība, patērētāju aizsardzība, enerģētika, vide, atbalsts attīstībai, zivsaimniecība, jūras lietas, lauksaimniecība, dzīvnieku labturība, transports, izglītība un mācības, nodarbinātība, sociālās lietas, kohēzija, tieslietas un iekšlietas, kā arī atbalstītu pirmsnormatīvus un normatīvus pētījumus, kas ir saistīti ar standartu kvalitātes uzlabošanu un to īstenošanu.Atbilstīgi katrai tēmai papildus šīm darbībām tiks nodrošināta iespēja brīvā un elastīgā veidā risināt divu veidu iespējas un vajadzības:- jaunas vajadzības, sniedzot īpašu atbalstu spontāniem pētījumu priekšlikumiem, kuru mērķis ir noteikt vai turpmāk pētīt jaunas zinātniskās un tehnoloģiskās iespējas konkrētā jomā un/vai vairākās disciplīnās vienlaikus, jo īpaši saistībā ar potenciāli nozīmīgiem atklājumiem;- neparedzētas politikas vajadzības, lai elastīgi reaģētu uz jaunām politikas vajadzībām, kas rodas pamatprogrammas darbības laikā, tādām kā neparedzēti notikumi vai atgadījumi, kuros nepieciešama ātra reaģēšana, piemēram, jaunu epidēmiju, pārtikas drošības apdraudējuma vai dabas katastrofu gadījumā.Lai pastiprinātu ES pētniecības rezultātu izplatīšanu un izmantošanu, visās tematiskajās jomās tiks atbalstīta zināšanu izplatīšana un rezultātu tālāknodošana, tostarp politikas veidotājiem, tajā skaitā arī ar tīklu veidošanas iniciatīvām, semināriem un pasākumiem, ārējo ekspertu palīdzību un informācijas un elektroniskajiem pakalpojumiem, jo īpaši CORDIS . Pasākumi jauninājumu atbalstam tiks veikti saskaņā ar Konkurētspējas un jauninājumu programmu. Atbalsts tiks sniegts arī attiecībā uz iniciatīvām, kuru mērķis ir rosināt dialogu par zinātniskiem jautājumiem un pētījumu rezultātiem ar plašu sabiedrību ārpus pētniecības aprindām, kā arī zinātniskās komunikācijas un izglītības jomā. Tiks ņemti vērā ētikas principi un dzimumu līdztiesības aspekti.Visās šajās tēmās atbalsts starpvalstu sadarbībai tiks īstenots ar:- kopīgiem pētījumiem;- kopīgām tehnoloģiju iniciatīvām;- izpētes programmu koordināciju;- starptautisku sadarbību.Kopīgie pētījumiES pētniecības finansējums galvenokārt ir paredzēts kopīgiem pētījumiem. Mērķis ir zināšanu attīstības galvenajās jomās izveidot izcilus pētniecības projektus un tīklus, kuriem varētu piesaistīt pētniekus un investīcijas no Eiropas un visas pasaules.Tas tiks panākts, atbalstot kopīgus pētījumus saskaņā ar vairākām finansēšanas shēmām: kopīgie projekti, izcilības tīkli, koordinācijas/atbalsta darbības (skat. III pielikumu).Kopīgas tehnoloģiju iniciatīvasNelielā skaitā gadījumu PTA mērķa darbības jomas un iesaistīto resursu apjoma dēļ ir lietderīga ilgtermiņa partnerību veidošana ar privātā un valsts sektora iesaistīšanu kopīgu tehnoloģiju iniciatīvu veidā. šajās iniciatīvās, galvenokārt Eiropas tehnoloģijas platformu darba rezultātā, kas aptver vienu pētniecības aspektu vai nelielu skaitu pētniecības aspektu attiecīgajā jomā, tiks apvienotas privātā sektora investīcijas un valsts un Eiropas publiskais finansējums, tostarp dotācijas no Pētniecības pamatprogrammas un aizdevumi no Eiropas Investīciju bankas. Lēmumus par kopīgām tehnoloģiju iniciatīvām var pieņemt, pamatojoties uz Līguma 171. pantu (tas var ietvert kopuzņēmuma izveidi) vai pamatojoties uz lēmumiem par īpašām programmām saskaņā ar Līguma 166. pantu.Potenciālas kopīgas tehnoloģiju iniciatīvas tiks noteiktas, pamatojoties uz vairākiem kritērijiem, tostarp:- Eiropas līmeņa darbības pievienotā vērtība;- sasniedzamā mērķa definīcijas pakāpe un skaidrība;- rūpniecības nozaru uzņēmumu sniegtā finansējuma un resursu apjoms;- ietekme uz nozares konkurētspēju un izaugsmi;- plašāku politikas mērķu veicināšanas pakāpe;- spēja piesaistīt papildu valsts atbalstu un panākt lielāku esošā vai gaidāmā nozares pārstāvju sniegtā finansējuma efektivitāti;- pašreizējo instrumentu nespēja sasniegt mērķi.īpaša uzmanība tiks pievērsta vispārējai saskanībai un koordinācijai starp kopīgām tehnoloģiju iniciatīvam un valsts programmām un projektiem vienā un tajā pašā jomā.Dalībvalstu pētniecības programmu koordinācijašajā jomā veiktajās darbības tiks izmantoti divi galvenie līdzekļi: ERA-NET shēma un Kopienas līdzdalība kopīgi veiktajās valstu pētniecības programmās (Līguma 169. pants). Darbība var attiekties uz jomām, kas nav tieši saistītas ar deviņām tēmām, ja vien tām ir pietiekama ES pievienotā vērtība. Darbības tiks izmantotas arī, lai uzlabotu papildināmību un sinerģiju starp pamatprogrammu un pasākumiem, ko veic saskaņā ar starpvaldību struktūrām, tādām kā EUREKA un COST [11].ERA-NET shēmā tiks attīstīta un nostiprināta valstu un reģionālu pētniecības pasākumu koordinācija:- sniedzot pamatu dalībniekiem, kas īsteno sabiedriskas pētniecības programmas, lai palielinātu viņu veikto pasākumu koordināciju. Tas ietvers atbalstu jauniem ERA-NET tīkliem, kā arī pastāvošo ERA-NET tīklu darbības jomas paplašināšanu un padziļināšanu, piemēram, paplašinot partnerību, kā arī savstarpēji atverot savas programmas citu dalībnieku līdzdalībai;- sniedzot papildu finansiālo ES atbalstu tiem dalībniekiem, kas rada kopēju fondu kopīgiem priekšlikumu konkursiem starp attiecīgajām valsts un reģionālajām programmām („ ERA-NET PLUS ”).Kopienas līdzdalība valstu pētniecības programmās, kas tiek kopīgi veiktas, pamatojoties uz 169. pantu, ir jo īpaši svarīga Eiropas plaša mēroga dažāda līmeņa sadarbībai starp dalībvalstīm, kurām ir kopīgas vajadzības un/vai intereses. šādas iniciatīvas atbilstīgi 169. pantam tiks uzsāktas jomās, kas ir jānosaka ciešā sadarbībā ar dalībvalstīm, ietverot iespējamo sadarbību ar starpvaldību programmām, pamatojoties uz vairākiem kritērijiem:- saistība ar ES mērķiem;- sasniedzamā mērķa skaidra definīcija un tā atbilstība šīs pamatprogrammas mērķiem;- iepriekš pastāvošas bāzes esamība (pastāvošās vai paredzētās valstu pētniecības programmas);- Eiropas pievienotā vērtība;- „Kritiskā masa” attiecībā uz iesaistīto programmu apjomu un skaitu, kā arī programmu aptverto darbību līdzību;- 169. panta efektivitāte kā visatbilstošākais līdzeklis mērķu sasniegšanai.Starptautiska sadarbībaStarptautiskas sadarbības pasākumi atbilstīgi šai pamatprogrammas sadaļai būs šādi.- Visu tematiskajās jomās veikto darbību atvēršana visu trešo valstu zinātnieku un pētniecības iestāžu līdzdalībai, aktīvi veicinot tos izmantot šo iespēju.- īpaši sadarbības pasākumi katrā tematiskajā jomā, kas paredzēti trešām valstīm gadījumā, kad pastāv abpusēja interese par sadarbību konkrētajos jautājumos. Ciešā saistībā ar divpusējiem sadarbības nolīgumiem vai daudzpusējiem dialogiem starp ES un šīm valstīm vai valstu grupām šīs darbības kalpos kā īpaši instrumenti sadarbības īstenošanai starp ES un minētajām valstīm. Konkrēti šādas darbības ir: darbības, kuru mērķis ir stiprināt kandidātvalstu, kā arī kaimiņvalstu pētniecības iespējas; sadarbības pasākumi, kas ir vērsti uz jaunattīstības valstīm un jaunajām valstīm, galveno uzmanību pievēršot to īpašām vajadzībām tādās jomās kā veselība, lauksaimniecība, zivsaimniecība un vide, un ko īsteno finansiālos apstākļos, kuri ir piemēroti minēto valstu iespējām.šī pamatprogrammas daļa aptver starptautiskas sadarbības pasākumus katrā tematiskajā jomā un vairākās tēmās vienlaikus. Tos īstenos, nodrošinot koordināciju ar darbībām pamatprogrammas sadaļā „Cilvēki” un „Iespējas”.TēMAS1. VeselībaMērķisUzlabot Eiropas iedzīvotāju veselību un palielināt Eiropas ar veselību saistītu nozaru un uzņēmumu konkurētspēju, risinot globālas veselības problēmas, tostarp jaunās epidēmijas. Uzsvars tiks likts uz praktisko izpēti (pamatatklājumu izmantošana klīniskajā praksē), jaunu terapiju izstrādi un apstiprināšanu, veselības veicināšanas un profilakses metodēm, diagnostikas instrumentiem un tehnoloģijām, kā arī ilgtspējīgām un efektīvām veselības aizsardzības sistēmām.PamatojumsCilvēka genoma sekvences izzināšana un nesenā attīstība postgenomikā ir krasi izmainījusi cilvēka veselības un slimību izpēti. Lai integrētu milzīgo datu apjomu un izprastu to pamatā esošos procesus, jāapvieno dažādas zināšanas un resursi, kas nav pieejami valstu līmenī. Nozīmīgai attīstībai praktiskajā veselības pētniecībā, kas ir nepieciešama, lai nodrošinātu, ka biomedicīnas pētniecība sniedz praktisku labumu, ir vajadzīgas daudzdisciplināras Viseiropas pieejas, iesaistot dažādas ieinteresētās personas. šādas pieejas ļauj Eiropai efektīvāk papildināt starptautiskos centienus, lai apkarotu globālas nozīmes slimības.Daudzu slimību (piem., vēzis, sirds un asinsvadu slimības, psihiskās un neiroloģiskās slimības, jo īpaši ar novecošanu saistītās slimības, tādas kā Alcheimera slimība un Parkinsona slimība) klīniskā izpēte pamatojas uz starptautiskiem daudzcentru izmēģinājumiem, lai nodrošinātu pacientu vajadzīgo skaitu īsā laikposmā. Epidemioloģiskai izpētei nepieciešama liela cilvēku dažādība un starptautiskie tīkli, lai nonāktu pie nozīmīgiem secinājumiem. Reti sastopamu slimību jaunu diagnostikas un ārstēšanas metožu izstrādē arī nepieciešama daudzvalstu pieeja, lai palielinātu pacientu skaitu katrā pētījumā. īstenojot veselības politikas virzītu izpēti Eiropas līmenī, kļūst iespējama modeļu, sistēmu, datu un valsts datubāzēs un bioloģisko datu bankās apkopotā pacientu materiāla salīdzināšana.Labi attīstīta ES mēroga biomedicīnas pētniecība palīdzēs nostiprināt Eiropas veselības aizsardzības biotehnoloģijas, medicīnas tehnoloģiju un farmaceitiskās nozares konkurētspēju. ES jāuzņemas aktīva loma, farmaceitiskajā nozarē veidojot jauninājumus veicinošu vidi, jo īpaši, lai palielinātu panākumus klīnisko pētījumu jomā. Uz pētniecību orientēti MVU ir veselības aizsardzības, biotehnoloģijas un medicīnas tehnoloģiju nozares galvenais ekonomiskais dzinējspēks. Lai gan Eiropā tagad ir vairāk biotehnoloģijas uzņēmējsabiedrību nekā ASV, lielākā daļa no tām ir mazas un vājākas, nekā to konkurenti. To attīstību veicinās valsts un privātā sektora iesaistīšana pētniecībā. ES mēroga pētniecība sekmēs arī jaunu normu un standartu izstrādi, lai izveidotu atbilstošu likumīgu pamatu jaunām medicīnas tehnoloģijām (piemēram, reģeneratīvā medicīna).īstenojamās darbības, ietverot politikas vajadzībām nepieciešamo pētniecību, ir izklāstītas turpmāk. Visās darbībās tiks risināti divi stratēģiskie jautājumi: bērnu veselība un novecojošās sabiedrības veselība. Vajadzības gadījumā tiks atbalstītas Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformu noteiktās pētniecības programmas, piemēram, programma par jaunām zālēm. Lai papildinātu minēto un reaģētu uz jaunām politikas vajadzībām, atbalsts var tikt sniegts papildu darbībām, piemēram, veselības politikas jomā un arodveselības un darba drošības jomā.Darbības- Biotehnoloģija, analogi instrumenti un tehnoloģijas cilvēka veselībai- Augstas iedarbības pētniecība. Lai paātrinātu eksperimentu gaitu biomedicīnas izpētē, uzlabojot datu radīšanu, standartizāciju, iegūšanu un analīzi.- Konstatēšana, diagnoze un kontrole. Uzsvars uz neinvazīvām vai minimāli invazīvām pieejām.- Terapiju piemērotības, drošuma un efektivitātes prognozēšana. Attīstīt un apstiprināt bioloģiskos marķierus, in vivo un in vitro metodes un modeļus, tostarp simulēšanu, farmakogenomiku, mērķorientētas pieejas un alternatīvas izmēģinājumiem ar dzīvniekiem.- Novatoriskas terapeitiskas pieejas un iejaukšanās . Lai saskaņotu un turpinātu progresīvu terapiju un tehnoloģiju attīstību potenciālam lietojumam daudzu slimību un traucējumu gadījumos.- Pētniecības atklājumu izmantošana klīniskajā praksē cilvēka veselībai- Bioloģisko datu un procesu integrēšana: liela mēroga datu vākšana, sistēmu bioloģija. Lai savāktu un analizētu milzīgo datu apjomu, kas vajadzīgs, lai labāk izprastu gēnu un gēnu produktu tūkstošus regulējošos tīklus, kuri kontrolē svarīgus bioloģiskus procesus.- Smadzeņu un saistīto slimību, cilvēka attīstības un novecošanas pētniecība. Lai izpētītu veselīgas novecošanas procesu un to, kā notiek gēnu un vides iedarbība uz smadzeņu darbību normālos apstākļos un smadzeņu slimību gadījumos.- Pētniecības atklājumu izmantošana klīniskajā praksē infekcijas slimību gadījumā. Lai cīnītos ar mikrobu rezistenci pret zālēm, HIV/AIDS globālām briesmām, malāriju un tuberkulozi, kā arī jaunām epidēmijām (piemēram, SARS un īpaši patogēnu gripu).- Pētniecības atklājumu izmantošana klīniskajā praksē nopietnu slimību gadījumā: vēzis, sirds un asinsvadu slimības, diabēts/aptaukošanās; reti sastopamas slimības; citas hroniskas slimības (piem., osteoartrīts). Lai izstrādātu uz pacientiem orientētas stratēģijas, no profilakses līdz diagnozei un ārstēšanai, ieskaitot klīnisko izpēti.- Eiropas iedzīvotājiem sniegtās veselības aprūpes optimizēšana- Klīnisko pētījumu rezultātu ieviešana klīniskajā praksē. Lai izprastu lēmumu pieņemšanu klīniskos apstākļos un to, kā pārvērst klīniskās izpētes rezultātus klīniskā praksē, jo īpaši risinot bērnu, sieviešu un vecāka gadagājuma cilvēku īpašās vajadzības.- Veselības sistēmu, tostarp pārejas posma veselības sistēmu kvalitāte, efektivitāte un solidaritāte. Lai efektīvu iejaukšanos pārvērstu vadības lēmumos, nodrošinātu cilvēkresursu atbilstīgu nodrošinājumu, analizētu faktorus, kas ietekmē augstas kvalitātes veselības aprūpes taisnīgu pieejamību, ieskaitot iedzīvotāju skaita izmaiņu analīzi (piemēram, novecošana, mobilitāte un migrācija, mainīga darba vieta).- Uzlabota slimību profilakse un labāka zāļu izmantošana. Lai izstrādātu efektīvus sabiedrības veselības pasākumus, kuros risināti galvenie veselību ietekmējošie faktori (tādi kā stress, uzturs vai vides faktori). Lai dažādos veselības apstākļos noteiktu pareizu iejaukšanos ar mērķi uzlabot zāļu izrakstīšanu un to, kā pacienti lieto zāles (ieskaitot zāļu lietošanas izraisīto blakusparādību uzraudzības sistēmu).- Jaunu veselības terapiju un tehnoloģiju pareiza izmantošana. Jaunu medicīnas tehnoloģiju (tostarp ierīču) un progresīvu terapiju, kas nodrošina augstu sabiedrības veselības aizsardzības līmeni, ilgtermiņa drošuma aspekti un plaša mēroga lietošanas kontrole.2. Pārtika, lauksaimniecība un biotehnoloģijaMērķisIzveidot Eiropā uz zinātnes atziņām balstītu bioekonomiku [12] , apvienojot zinātni, rūpniecību un citas ieinteresētās puses, lai izmantotu jaunas pētniecības iespējas, risinot sociālas un ekonomikas problēmas: pieaugošs pieprasījums pēc drošākas, veselīgākas un kvalitatīvākas pārtikas un pēc atjaunojamo bioresursu ilgtspējīgas izmantošanas un ražošanas; pieaugošais epizootijas un zoonozes slimību, kā arī ar pārtiku saistītu traucējumu risks; draudi lauksaimniecības un zivsaimniecības ražošanas ilgtspējībai un drošībai, jo īpaši klimata pārmaiņu rezultātā; pieaugošais pieprasījums pēc augstas kvalitātes pārtikas, ņemot vērā dzīvnieku labturības un lauku apstākļus.PamatojumsJauninājumi un zināšanu attīstība bioloģisko resursu (mikroorganismu, augu, dzīvnieku) ilgtspējīgā apsaimniekošanā, ražošanā un izmantošanā sniegs pamatu jauniem, ilgtspējīgiem, ekoloģiski efektīviem un konkurētspējīgiem produktiem lauksaimniecības, zivsaimniecības, pārtikas, veselības, koksnes apstrādes un pārstrādes rūpniecībā, kā arī saistītajās nozarēs. Saskaņā ar Eiropas stratēģiju par zinātnēm par dzīvību un biotehnoloģiju[13] tas palīdzēs palielināt Eiropas biotehnoloģijas un pārtikas uzņēmumu, īpaši augsto tehnoloģiju MVU, konkurētspēju, vienlaicīgi uzlabojot sociālo labklājību. Pētniecība par pārtikas un dzīvnieku barības aprites drošumu, ar uzturu saistītām slimībām, pārtikas izvēli un pārtikas un uztura ietekmi uz veselību palīdzēs apkarot ar pārtiku saistītos veselības traucējumus (piem., aptaukošanās, alerģijas) un infekcijas slimības (piem., transmisīvā sūkļveida encefalopātija, putnu gripa), vienlaicīgi sniedzot nozīmīgu ieguldījumu pastāvošo politiku un noteikumu īstenošanā un nākamo politiku un regulējuma formulēšanā sabiedrības, dzīvnieku, augu veselības un patērētāju aizsardzības jomā.Eiropas uzņēmumu dažādība šajās jomās, kas ir viena no Eiropas priekšrocībām un iespējām, izraisa fragmentētu pieeju līdzīgām problēmām. Tās var labāk atrisināt, ieviešot lielāku sadarbību un zināšanu apmaiņu, piemēram, par jaunām metodoloģijām, procesiem un standartiem, kas rodas ES tiesību aktu izmaiņu rezultātā.Vairākas Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformas veicina kopīgu pētniecības prioritāšu noteikšanu tādās jomās kā augu genomika un biotehnoloģija, mežsaimniecība un koksnes apstrādes un pārstrādes rūpniecība, dzīvnieku veselība, lauksaimniecības dzīvnieku audzēšana, pārtika un rūpnieciskā biotehnoloģija. Pētniecība arī sniegs vajadzīgo zināšanu bāzi, lai atbalstītu[14] kopējo lauksaimniecības politiku, lauksaimniecības un tirdzniecības jautājumus, pārtikas nekaitīguma noteikumus, Kopienas dzīvnieku veselību, slimību kontroli un labturības standartus, un kopējās zivsaimniecības politikas reformu, kuras mērķis ir nodrošināt zvejniecības un akvakultūras ilgtspējīgu attīstību. Ir paredzēta arī elastīga reaģēšana uz jaunām politikas vajadzībām, jo īpaši attiecībā uz jaunām sociālām vai ekonomikas tendencēm.Darbības- Zemes, meža un ūdens vides bioloģisko resursu ilgtspējīga ražošana un apsaimniekošana : veicināt pētniecību, tostarp tādas tehnoloģijas kā genomika, proteomika, metabolomika, sistēmu bioloģija un mikroorganismu, augu un dzīvnieku konverģējošas tehnoloģijas, ieskaitot minēto organismu bioloģiskās daudzveidības izmantošanu; uzlaboti kultūraugi un ražošanas sistēmas, tostarp bioloģiskā lauksaimniecība, kvalitatīvas ražošanas shēmas un ģMO ietekme; ilgtspējīga, konkurētspējīga un daudzfunkcionāla lauksaimniecība un mežsaimniecība; lauku attīstība; dzīvnieku labturība, audzēšana un ražošana; augu veselība; ilgtspējīga un konkurētspējīga zivsaimniecība un lauksaimniecība; dzīvnieku infekcijas slimības, tostarp zoonozes; dzīvniekizcelsmes atkritumu droša iznīcināšana; ūdeņu dzīvo resursu saglabāšana, apsaimniekošana un izmantošana, izstrādājot līdzekļus, kas vajadzīgi politikas veidotājiem un citiem dalībniekiem lauksaimniecības un lauku attīstības jomā (ainavu, zemes apsaimniekošanas politika utt.)- Princips „no galda uz saimniecību”- pārtika, veselība, labturība: pārtikas un lopbarības patērētāju, sabiedrības, rūpniecības un veselības aspekti, tostarp uzvedības zinātnes un kognitīvās zinātnes; uzturs, ar uzturu saistītās slimības un traucējumi, tostarp aptaukošanās; novatoriskas pārtikas un lopbarības apstrādes tehnoloģijas (tostarp iepakošana); pārtikas, dzērienu un lopbarības uzlabota kvalitāte un nekaitīgums, gan no ķīmiskā, gan no mikrobioloģiskā viedokļa; pārtikas aprites integritāte (un kontrole); vides ietekme uz pārtikas/dzīvnieku barības apriti un pārtikas/dzīvnieku barības aprites ietekme uz vidi; kopējā pārtikas aprites koncepcija (tostarp pārtika no jūras dzīvniekiem un augiem); izsekojamība.- Zinātnes par dzīvību un biotehnoloģija ilgtspējīgiem nepārtikas produktiem un procesiem : uzlaboti kultūraugi, izejvielas, jūras produkti un biomasa (tostarp jūras resursi) enerģijai, videi un produkti ar augstu pievienoto vērtību, tādi kā materiāli un ķīmiskas vielas, ieskaitot jaunas lauksaimniecības sistēmas, bioprocesus un bioloģiskas pārstrādes rūpnīcas koncepcijas; biokatalīze; mežsaimniecība un koksnes apstrādes un pārstrādes produkti un procesi; vides atveseļošana un tīrāka pārstrāde.3. Informācijas un komunikācijas tehnoloģijasMērķisDot Eiropai iespēju apgūt un pielāgot informācijas un komunikācijas tehnoloģiju (IKT) nākotnes attīstību, lai izpildītu sabiedrības un ekonomikas prasības. Darbības stiprinās Eiropas zinātnes un tehnoloģiju bāzi IKT jomā, palīdzēs virzīt un veicināt jauninājumus, izmantojot IKT, un nodrošinās, ka IKT attīstība tiek ātri pārvērsta jaunās priekšrocībās Eiropas iedzīvotāju, uzņēmumu, rūpniecības nozaru un valdību interesēs.PamatojumsInformācijas un komunikācijas tehnoloģijas ir svarīgas Eiropas nākotnei un ir Lisabonas stratēģijas īstenošanas pamatā. Puse no produktivitātes rezultātā gūtās peļņas mūsu tautsaimniecībās skaidrojama ar IKT ietekmi uz produktiem, pakalpojumiem un uzņēmējdarbības procesiem. IKT ir noteicošais faktors jauninājumu un jaunrades veicināšanā un vērtību ķēžu izmaiņu apgūšanā ražošanas un pakalpojumu sektorā. IKT ir nepieciešamas, lai apmierinātu augošo pieprasījumu pēc veselības un sociālās aprūpes un modernizētu valsts kompetencē esošos pakalpojumus, tādus kā izglītība, zinātne, drošība, enerģētika, transports un vide. IKT turklāt paātrina citu zinātnes un tehnoloģijas jomu attīstību, jo tās pārveido veidu, kā zinātnieki veic izpēti, sadarbojas un rada jauninājumus.Pieaugošās ekonomikas un sabiedrības vajadzības kopā ar IKT vispārēju ieviešanu un nepieciešamību tālāk paplašināt tehnoloģijas robežas nosaka plašu risināmo pētniecības jautājumu klāstu. Pietuvināt tehnoloģijas cilvēkiem un organizatoriskām vajadzībām nozīmē neizcelt tehnoloģiju sarežģītību un pēc pieprasījuma atklāt to funkcionalitāti, padarīt tehnoloģijas ļoti viegli lietojamas, pieejamas un cenas ziņā pieņemamas, nodrošināt jaunas uz IKT balstītas lietojumprogrammas, risinājumus un pakalpojumus, kuri ir uzticami, droši un pielāgojami lietotāju kontekstam un vēlmēm. Atbilstīgi pieprasījumam „vairāk par mazāku cenu” IKT pētnieki ir iesaistīti globālā sacensībā panākt turpmāku miniaturizāciju, apgūt datoru, komunikācijas un informācijas nesēju tehnoloģiju saplūšanu, kā arī integrēšanu ar citām saistītām zinātnēm un disciplīnām, un radīt sistēmas, kas varētu apgūt zināšanas un attīstīties. Ņemot vērā šos dažādos centienus, rodas jauna tehnoloģiju paaudze. IKT pētniecības darbības arī balstīsies uz plašu zinātnes un tehnoloģijas disciplīnu kopumu, ieskaitot biozinātnes un zinātnes par dzīvību, psiholoģiju, pedagoģiju, izziņas un sociālās zinātnes.IKT ir viena no pētniecības ziņā visintensīvākajām nozarēm. IKT pētniecības īpatsvars valsts un privātajā sektorā veido trešdaļu no kopējā pētniecības apjoma visās lielākajās tautsaimniecībās. Lai gan Eiropai jau ir rūpnieciski un tehnoloģiski vadošā loma galvenajās IKT jomās, tā atpaliek no saviem lielākajiem konkurentiem, ja runa ir par investīcijām IKT pētniecībā. Maksimālo labumu no iespējām, ko var sniegt IKT attīstība, mēs varam gūt tikai tad, ja no jauna tiek apvienoti un palielināti centieni Eiropas līmenī.IKT pētniecības darbības tiks cieši saistītas ar politikas pasākumiem IKT izmantošanai un regulējošiem pasākumiem atbilstīgi visaptverošai un vienotai stratēģijai. Pēc plašām konsultācijām, tostarp ar vairākām Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformām un rūpniecības nozares iniciatīvām, ir izvirzītas prioritātes tādās jomās kā nanoelektronika, iegultās sistēmas, mobilie sakari, elektroniskie sabiedrības saziņas līdzekļi, robotika un programmatūra, pakalpojumi un tīkli ( Grid ) .Darbības- IKT tehnoloģiju pīlāri :- Nanoelektronika, fotonika un integrētas mikro/nanosistēmas: paplašināt miniaturizācijas, integrācijas, daudzveidības un apjoma robežas; palielināt veiktspēju un ražotspēju ar zemākām izmaksām; atvieglot IKT iekļaušanu dažādās lietojumprogrammās; saskarnes; iepriekšēja izpēte, radot nepieciešamību pētīt jaunas koncepcijas.- Plaši pieejami neierobežotas jaudas sakaru tīkli: plaša pieeja dažādiem tīkliem – fiksētiem, mobiliem, bezvadu un apraides tīkliem, kas izplešas no personālā mēroga līdz reģionālam un globālam mērogam, – nodrošinot iespēju piegādāt arvien lielāku datu un pakalpojumu apjomu jebkurā vietā un laikā.- Iegultās sistēmas, skaitļošanas tehnika un kontrole: jaudīga, droša un plaši izplatīta skaitļošanas tehnika un sakaru sistēmas, kas ir iebūvētas priekšmetos un infrastruktūrā un kas var kontrolēt savu vidi un pielāgoties tai.- Programmatūra, tīkli (Grid), drošība un uzticamība : dinamiska, pielāgojama, droša un uzticama programmatūra un pakalpojumi, jauna apstrādes arhitektūra, tostarp minēto pakalpojumu nodrošināšana komunālo pakalpojumu veidā.- Zināšanas, izziņas un mācību sistēmas : saglabāt un izmantot zināšanas, kas ir iekļautas tīmekļa un multivides saturā; saskaņā ar bioloģiskiem principiem veidotas mākslīgas sistēmas, kas uztver, saprot, mācās un attīstās, un darbojas autonomi; iekārtu un cilvēku mācīšanās, pamatojoties uz labāku cilvēka izziņas izpratni.- Modelēšana, vizualizācija, mijiedarbība un jauktā realitāte: instrumenti produktu, pakalpojumu un digitālās vides novatoriskai veidošanai un radīšanai, un dabiskai, valodas-iespējotai un kontekstbagātai mijiedarbībai un komunikācijai.Jaunas perspektīvas IKT jomā, pateicoties citu zinātņu un tehnoloģiju disciplīnu attīstībai, pateicoties IKT, ieskaitot elementus no fizikas, biotehnoloģijas, materiālu zinātnes un zinātnēm par dzīvību, lai padarītu IKT ierīces vēl mazākas, lai tās būtu savietojamas ar dzīviem organismiem un mijiedarbotos ar tiem, lai palielinātu sistēmu inženierijas un informācijas apstrādes veiktspēju, un lai modelētu un imitētu dzīvo pasauli.- Tehnoloģiju integrēšana :- Personālā vide: personālās komunikācijas ierīces un skaitļošanas tehnika, palīgierīces, valkājamie datori, implanti, to saskarnes un starpsavienojumi ar pakalpojumiem un resursiem.- Mājas vide : komunikācija, uzraudzība, kontrole, palīdzība; nevainojama sadarbspēja un visu ierīču izmantošana; mijiedarbīgais digitālais saturs un pakalpojumi.- Robotikas sistēmas : progresīvas autonomās sistēmas; izziņa, kontrole, darbības prasmes, dabiska mijiedarbība; miniaturizācija.- Automatizēta infrastruktūra: līdzekļi, lai ikdienas dzīvē visvairāk nepieciešamo infrastruktūru padarītu efektīvāku, vieglāk pielāgojamu un uzturamu, izturīgāku lietošanā un aizsargātāku pret atteici.- Lietojumprogrammu pētniecība :- IKT, kas risina sabiedrības problēmas: tādas jaunas sistēmas un pakalpojumi sabiedriski nozīmīgās jomās, kas uzlabo kvalitāti, efektivitāti, pieejamību un iekļautību; lietotājdraudzīgas lietojumprogrammas, jauno tehnoloģiju un iniciatīvu integrēšana, piemēram, interaktīva automatizēta dzīves vide.- Veselībai , slimību profilakses uzlabošanai, agrīnai diagnostikai un personalizācijai; autonomija, drošība un pacientu mobilitāte; veselības informācijas telpa zināšanu atklāšanai;- uzlabot iekļautību un vienlīdzīgu līdzdalību un novērst digitālus šķēršļus; palīgtehnoloģijas; plašam lietotāju lokam paredzēto pakalpojumu un produktu izstrāde;- mobilitātei ; automatizētas uz IKT balstītas transporta sistēmas un transportlīdzekļi, kas nodrošina cilvēku un preču drošu, ērtu un efektīvu pārvietošanos;- vides un ilgtspējīgas attīstības labā, lai samazinātu neaizsargātību un mazinātu dabas katastrofu un rūpniecisko avāriju sekas;- valdībām ; efektivitāte, atklātība un atbildība pasaules līmeņa publiskajai pārvaldei un saikne ar iedzīvotājiem un uzņēmējiem, atbalstot demokrātiju.- IKT saturam, jaunradei un personīgai attīstībai:- jauni informācijas nesēju piemēri un jaunas satura formas; mijiedarbīga digitālā satura radīšana; bagātināta lietotāju pieredze; rentabls satura nodrošinājums;- ar tehnoloģijām uzlabotas mācības ; pielāgojami un kontekstualizēti mācību risinājumi; mācības ar aktīvu līdzdalību;- uz IKT balstītas sistēmas, lai atbalstītu digitālu kultūras resursu un līdzekļu pieejamību un ilgtermiņa lietošanu daudzvalodu vidē.- IKT uzņēmumu un rūpniecības nozaru atbalstam:- jaunas dinamisku, tīklā savietotu, uz sadarbību balstītas uzņēmējdarbības procesu formas, digitālas ekosistēmas; optimizēta darba organizācija un sadarbību veicinoša darba vide;- rūpniecība: ātra un pielāgojama projektēšana, augsti individualizētu produktu ražošana un piegāde; digitālā un virtuālā ražošana; modelēšanas, imitācijas un prezentācijas instrumenti; miniatūri integrēti IKT produkti.- IKT uzticamībai un drošībai: identitātes pārvaldība; autentificēšana un apstiprināšana; privātumu uzlabojošas tehnoloģijas; tiesību un pamatlīdzekļu pārvaldība; aizsardzība pret kiberdraudiem.- Nākotnes un jaunās tehnoloģijas: atbalstīt progresīvus pētījumus galveno IKT jomā un IKT savienojumā ar citām saistītajām jomām un disciplīnām; attīstīt novatoriskas idejas un radikāli jaunus izmantojuma veidus, izpētīt jaunas iespējas IKT pētniecības virzienos.4. Nanozinātnes, nanotehnoloģijas, materiāli un jaunas ražošanas tehnoloģijasMērķisUzlabot Eiropas rūpniecības nozares konkurētspēju un nodrošināt tās pārveidošanu no resursu ietilpīgas nozares zināšanu ietilpīgā nozarē, radot progresīvas zināšanas jauniem lietojumiem, kas ietver dažādas tehnoloģijas un disciplīnas.PamatojumsRūpnieciskās darbības lejupslīde vērojama ne tikai tradicionālās nozarēs, kurām raksturīgs augsts darbietilpīgums, bet kļūst vērojama arī starpniecības pakalpojumu nozarē, kas veido Eiropas ekonomikas pamatu, un pat dažos augsto tehnoloģiju sektoros. šī tendence ir jāaptur, un tas ir jādara, veidojot Eiropā uz zinātnes atziņām balstītu zināšanu ietilpīgu rūpniecību. Tas ietvers pastāvošās MVU bāzes modernizāciju un jaunu uz zināšanām balstītu MVU izveidi, sākot ar zināšanu un kompetences izplatīšanu, īstenojot kopīgas programmas.ES pieder atzīta vadošā loma tādās jomās kā nanotehnoloģijas, materiāli un ražošanas tehnoloģijas, kas jānostiprina, lai nodrošinātu un palielinātu ES ietekmi augstas globālās konkurences apstākļos.Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformas tādās jomās kā nanoelektronika, rūpniecība, tērauda rūpniecība, ķīmija, transporta nozare, būvniecība, rūpnieciskā drošība, tekstila nozare, celulozes un papīra rūpniecība palīdz noteikt kopējas pētniecības prioritātes un mērķus. Papildus ar rūpniecību saistītām prioritātēm un to integrācijai nozares lietojumiem tiks risināti politikas, regulatīvie, standartizācijas un ietekmes jautājumi, tostarp elastīga reaģēšana uz jaunām politikas vajadzībām.Darbības- Nanozinātnes, nanotehnoloģijas- Jaunu zināšanu radīšana par saskarni un no lieluma atkarīgām parādībām; materiālu īpašību nanomēroga kontrole jauniem lietojumiem; tehnoloģiju integrēšana nanomērogā; paškomplektējošas īpašības; nanomotori; nanoierīces un nanosistēmas; metodes un instrumenti raksturošanai un manipulācijām nanomērogā; nano- un augstas precizitātes tehnoloģijas ķīmijā; ietekme uz cilvēka drošību, veselību un vidi; metroloģija, nomenklatūra un standarti; jaunu koncepciju un pieeju izpēte nozares lietojumiem, ieskaitot jauno tehnoloģiju integrēšanu un konverģenci.- Materiāli- Jaunu zināšanu radīšana par augstas efektivitātes materiāliem jauniem produktiem un procesiem; uz zinātnes atziņām balstīti materiāli ar pielāgotām īpašībām; uzticamāka konstruēšana un simulācija; augstāka sarežģītība; saderība ar vidi; nano-, molekulāro- un makro- līmeņu integrācija ķīmijas tehnoloģijā un materiālu apstrādes nozarēs; jauni nanomateriāli, biomateriāli un hibrīdu materiāli, tostarp to veidošana un apstrādes kontrole.- Jauna ražošana- Radīt apstākļus un resursus uz zināšanām balstītai ražošanai, tostarp, lai veidotu, attīstītu un apstiprinātu jaunas sistēmas saistībā ar jaunām rūpnieciskām vajadzībām; izstrādāt plaša lietojuma ražošanas pamatlīdzekļus pielāgojamai, uz sadarbību un zinātnes atziņām balstītai ražošanai; izstrādāt jaunas inženierzinātnes koncepcijas, izmantojot tehnoloģiju apvienojumu (piemēram, nano-, bio-, info-, izziņas un to inženierijas prasības), lai radītu nākamās paaudzes produktus un pakalpojumus ar augstu pievienoto vērtību un pielāgotos mainīgajām vajadzībām.- Tehnoloģiju integrēšana rūpnieciskie lietojumiem- Integrēt jaunas zināšanas un tehnoloģijas par nanozinātnēm, materiāliem un ražošanu lietojumiem vienā vai vairākās nozarēs, tādās kā veselība, būvniecība, transports, enerģētika, ķīmija, vide, tekstilpreces un apģērbs, celuloze un papīrs, mašīnbūve.5. EnerģētikaMērķisPārveidot pašreizējo uz degizrakteņiem balstīto enerģētikas sistēmu ilgtspējīgākā sistēmā, kas balstītos uz dažādiem enerģijas avotiem un nesējiem apvienojumā ar uzlabotu energoefektivitāti, lai atrisinātu arvien augošās problēmas saistībā ar piegādes drošību un klimata pārmaiņām, vienlaikus palielinot Eiropas enerģētikas nozares konkurētspēju.PamatojumsAttiecībā uz enerģētikas sistēmām pastāv lielas problēmas. Nepieciešamību izstrādāt piemērotus un savlaicīgus risinājumus pamato satraucošas enerģijas pieprasījuma tendences pasaulē (paredzams, ka nākamajos 30 gados tas pieaugs par 60%), vajadzība būtiski ierobežot siltumnīcefekta gāzu emisijas nolūkā mazināt klimata pārmaiņu postošās sekas, naftas cenu kaitējošā nepastāvība (jo īpaši attiecībā uz transporta nozari, kas ir lielā mērā atkarīga no naftas cenām) un ģeopolitiskā nestabilitāte naftas piegādātāju apgabalos. Pētījumi un demonstrējumi ir vajadzīgi, lai nodrošinātu videi draudzīgākās un rentablākās tehnoloģijas un pasākumus, kas dotu iespēju ES izpildīt savus mērķus atbilstīgi Kioto protokolam un tos pārsniegt, un izpildīt savas enerģētikas politikas saistības, kā aprakstīts 2000. gada Zaļajā grāmatā par energoapgādes drošību[15].Eiropa ir panākusi vadošo lomu pasaulē vairākās enerģētikas tehnoloģijās. Tā ir pirmajā vietā attiecībā uz modernajām atjaunojamās enerģijas tehnoloģijām, tādām kā bioenerģija un vēja enerģija. ES ir spēcīgs konkurents pasaulē elektroenerģijas ieguves un sadales tehnoloģijās, un tai ir lielas pētniecības iespējas oglekļa savākšanas un atdalīšanas jomā. Tomēr šajās jomās pastāv nopietnas konkurences draudi (jo īpaši no ASV un Japānas).Enerģētikas sistēmas radikālai pārveidošanai ir vajadzīgas jaunas tehnoloģijas, kuru radīšanā iesaistītais risks ir liels un priekšrocības pārāk nekonkrētas, lai privātie uzņēmumi sniegtu visu nepieciešamo finansējumu pētniecībai, attīstībai, demonstrējumiem un ieviešanai. Tādēļ privātā sektora ieguldījumu veicināšanā svarīga loma ir valsts sektora atbalstam un, lai sacenstos ar tautsaimniecībām, kas sistemātiski iegulda lielus līdzekļus līdzīgās tehnoloģijās, ir jāapvieno Eiropas centieni un resursi saskanīgā un efektīvākā veidā. šajā ziņā izšķirīga loma ir Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformām, koordinētā veidā apvienojot vajadzīgos pētniecības pasākumus. Turpmāk izklāstītas darbības mērķa sasniegšanai. Ir paredzēta īpaša darbība attiecībā uz zināšanām enerģētikas politikas veidošanai, kas arī var sniegt atbalstu jaunām politikas vajadzībām, piemēram, saistībā ar Eiropas enerģētikas politikas lomu starptautisko ar klimata pārmaiņām saistīto darbību attīstībā un saistībā ar energoapgādes, kā arī tās cenu nestabilitāti un pārtraukumiem.Darbības- ūdeņradis un kurināmā elementiIntegrētas darbības, lai nodrošinātu stabilu tehnoloģisku pamatu konkurētspējīgai ES kurināmā elementu un ūdeņraža nozarei stacionāriem, pārnēsājamiem un transporta lietojumiem. ūdeņraža un kurināmā elementu Eiropas tehnoloģiju platforma atbalsta šo darbību, ierosinot integrētu pētniecības un ieviešanas stratēģiju.- Atjaunojamās elektroenerģijas ražošanaTehnoloģijas, lai palielinātu vispārējo pārveides efektivitāti, samazinot izmaksas elektrības ražošanai no vietējiem atjaunojamiem enerģijas avotiem, un lai izstrādātu un demonstrētu tehnoloģijas, kas ir piemērotas dažādiem reģionāliem apstākļiem.- Atjaunojamo veidu degvielas ražošanaIntegrētas pārveides tehnoloģijas: izstrādāt un samazināt vienības pašizmaksu cietajiem, šķidrajiem un gāzveida kurināmajiem (tostarp ūdeņradim), ko ražo no atjaunojamiem enerģijas avotiem, nolūkā radīt oglekļa-neitrālu kurināmo rentablu ražošanu un lietošanu, jo īpaši šķidro biodegvielu transportam.- Atjaunojamie avoti apsildei un dzesēšanaiTehnoloģijas, lai palielinātu efektivitāti un samazinātu izmaksas apsildei un dzesēšanai no atjaunojamiem enerģijas avotiem, nodrošinot to lietošanu dažādos reģionālos apstākļos.- CO2 uztveršanas un uzglabāšanas tehnoloģijas nulles izmešu līmeņa elektroenerģijas ieguveiKrasi samazināt izrakteņu kurināmā izmantošanas ietekmi uz vidi, cenšoties nodrošināt efektīvas elektroenerģijas ieguves stacijas ar nullei tuvu izmešu līmeni, pamatojoties uz CO2 uztveršanas un uzglabāšanas tehnoloģijām.Tīrās akmeņogļu tehnoloģijasBūtiski uzlabot iekārtu efektivitāti, uzticamību un izmaksas, attīstot un demonstrējot tīrās akmeņogļu pārveides tehnoloģijas.- Viedi enerģētikas tīkliPalielināt Eiropas elektrības un gāzes sistēmu un tīklu efektivitāti, drošību un uzticamību, piemēram, pārveidojot pašreizējos elektrības tīklus mijiedarbīgā (patērētāji/operatori) pakalpojumu tīklā un novēršot šķēršļus izplatīto atjaunojamo enerģijas avotu plašai ieviešanai un efektīvai integrēšanai.- Energoefektivitāte un ietaupījumiJaunas koncepcijas un tehnoloģijas, lai uzlabotu energoefektivitāti un ietaupījumu ēkām, pakalpojumiem un rūpniecībai. Tas ietver energoefektivitātes stratēģiju un tehnoloģiju integrēšanu, jaunu atjaunojamās enerģijas tehnoloģiju izmantošanu un enerģijas pieprasījuma pārvaldību.- Zināšanas enerģētikas politikas veidošanaiIzstrādāt līdzekļus, metodes un modeļus, lai izvērtētu galvenos ekonomikas un sociālos jautājumus saistībā ar enerģijas tehnoloģijām un nodrošināt skaitliskus mērķus un attīstības modeļus vidējam un ilgam termiņam.6. Vide (tostarp klimata pārmaiņas)MērķisVides un tās resursu ilgtspējīga apsaimniekošana, padziļinot mūsu zināšanas par mijiedarbību starp biosfēru, ekosistēmām un cilvēka darbībām un izstrādājot jaunas tehnoloģijas, līdzekļus un pakalpojumus, lai integrēti risinātu globālos ar vidi saistītos jautājumus. Uzsvars tiks likts uz klimata, ekoloģisko, zemes un okeāna sistēmu izmaiņu prognozēšanu, uz instrumentiem un tehnoloģijām, lai kontrolētu, novērstu un mazinātu ietekmi uz vidi un apdraudējumu, tostarp veselības apdraudējumu, kā arī saglabātu dabas un cilvēka radīto vidi.PamatojumsVides problēmām ir pārrobežu raksturs, un to risināšanai ir nepieciešama koordinēta pieeja Eiropas un bieži vien pasaules līmenī. Zemes dabas resursus un cilvēka veidoto vidi negatīvi ietekmē iedzīvotāju pieaugums, urbanizācija, lauksaimniecības, transporta un enerģētikas nozaru nepārtraukta paplašināšanās, kā arī klimata mainīgums un sasilšana vietējā, reģionālā un pasaules līmenī. Eiropai jānodrošina ilgtspējīga vides jautājumu risināšana, vienlaicīgi uzlabojot konkurētspēju un nostiprinot Eiropas rūpniecību. Lai sasniegtu „kritisko masu”, ņemot vērā vides pētniecības mērogu, apjomu un augstu sarežģītības līmeni, ir nepieciešama sadarbība visā ES. Sadarbība atvieglo kopēju plānošanu, savienotu un sadarbspējīgu datu bāžu izmantošanu un saskanīgu liela mēroga novērošanas un prognozēšanas sistēmu attīstību.Pētniecība ES līmenī ir vajadzīga, lai īstenotu starptautiskas saistības, tādas kā Kioto protokols, ANO Konvencija par bioloģisko daudzveidību, 2002. gada Pasaules sammits par noturīgu attīstību, tostarp ES ūdens iniciatīva, un sniegtu ieguldījumu darbam, ko veic Starpvaldību ekspertu grupa klimata pārmaiņu jautājumos un Zemes novērošanas iniciatīvā. Turklāt pastāv nozīmīgas pētniecības vajadzības, kas rodas no spēkā esošām un jaunām ES līmeņa politikām, Sestās vides rīcības programmas un saistīto tematisko stratēģiju īstenošanas, Vides tehnoloģiju un Vides un veselības rīcības plānu ieviešanas, un direktīvu, tādu kā ūdens pamatdirektīva, īstenošanas.ES ir jānostiprina tās stāvoklis pasaules tirgū vides tehnoloģiju jomā. šādas tehnoloģijas palīdz nodrošināt ilgtspējīgu izaugsmi, sniedzot ekoloģiski efektīvus dažāda mēroga vides problēmu risinājumus un aizsargājot mūsu kultūras mantojumu. Ar vidi saistītās prasības darbojas kā jauninājumu stimuls un var nodrošināt uzņēmējdarbības iespējas. Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformas ūdensapgādes, kanalizācijas un asenizācijas, un ilgtspējīgas ķīmijas jomā apstiprina ES līmeņa darbības nepieciešamību, un to pētniecības programmas ir ņemtas vērā turpmāk izklāstītajās darbībās. Citas platformas (piemēram, būvniecības un mežsaimniecības jomā) daļēji nodarbojas ar vides tehnoloģiju jautājumiem, un tās arī ir ņemtas vērā.Turpmāk izklāstīta virkne darbību[16], daudzas no kurām ir tieši saistītas ar politikas vajadzībām. Tomēr var tikt sniegts papildu atbalsts jaunām politikas vajadzībām, piemēram, saistībā ar ES politiku ietekmes uz ilgtspējību novērtējumu, pārraudzība attiecībā uz darbībām klimata pārmaiņu risināšanai pēc Kioto protokola pieņemšanas, jaunas politikas vides jomā, tādas ka jūrniecības politika, standarti un noteikumi.Darbības- Klimata pārmaiņas, piesārņojums un riski- Ietekme uz vidi un klimatu: klimata un Zemes sistēmas darbība; pielāgošanās un ietekmes mazināšanas pasākumi; gaisa, grunts un ūdens piesārņojums; izmaiņas atmosfēras sastāvā un ūdens ciklā; mijiedarbība starp klimatu, zemes virsu un okeānu; ietekme uz bioloģisko daudzveidību un ekosistēmām.- Vide un veselība: vides negatīvo faktoru mijiedarbība ar cilvēka veselību, tostarp avotu noteikšana, saistība ar iekštelpu vidi, ietekme un jaunie riska faktori; integrētas riska novērtēšanas metodes toksiskām vielām, tostarp alternatīvas izmēģinājumiem ar dzīvniekiem; vides radītā veselības apdraudējuma kvantitatīva noteikšana un izmaksu un ieguvumu analīze, novēršanas stratēģiju indikatori.- Dabas apdraudējums: uzlabot ar ģeoloģisko apdraudējumu (piemēram, zemestrīces, vulkāni, cunami) un klimatu saistīto katastrofu (piemēram, vētras un plūdi) prognozēšanu un integrētu apdraudējuma, sensibilitātes un riska novērtējumu; izstrādāt agrīnā brīdinājuma sistēmas un uzlabot novēršanas un ietekmes mazināšanas stratēģijas.- Resursu ilgtspējīga apsaimniekošana- Dabas un cilvēka veidotu resursu saglabāšana un ilgtspējīga apsaimniekošana: ekosistēmas; ūdens resursu apsaimniekošana; atkritumu apsaimniekošana un novēršana; bioloģiskās daudzveidības aizsardzība un pārvaldība, augsnes aizsardzība, jūras gultnes un piekrastes zonu aizsardzība, pasākumi pret pārtuksnešošanos un augsnes degradāciju; mežu apsaimniekošana; pilsētvides ilgtspējīga apsaimniekošana un plānošana, datu pārvalde un informācijas pakalpojumi; ar dabas procesiem saistītā novērtēšana un prognozēšana.- Jūras vides attīstība: cilvēka darbību ietekme uz jūras vidi un tās resursiem; piesārņojums un eitrofikācija reģionālās jūrās un piekrastes zonās; dziļjūras ekosistēmas; jūras bioloģiskās daudzveidības tendenču, ekosistēmas procesu un okeāna cirkulācijas novērtēšana; jūras gultnes ģeoloģija.- Vides tehnoloģijas- Vides tehnoloģijas dabas un cilvēka veidotās vides novērošanai, profilaksei , ietekmes mazināšanai, pielāgošanai, atveseļošanai un atjaunošanai: saistībā ar ūdeni, klimatu, gaisu, jūras, pilsētas un lauku vidi, augsni, atkritumu apstrādi, otrreizējo pārstrādi, tīrās ražošanas procesiem, ķīmisko vielu drošību, kultūras mantojuma un apbūves aizsardzību.- Tehnoloģiju novērtēšana, apstiprināšana un testēšana: metodes un instrumenti procesu, tehnoloģiju un produktu vides riska un dzīves cikla novērtēšanai; atbalsts ilgtspējīgas ķīmijas, ūdensapgādes un kanalizācijas un asenizācijas platformām[17]; nākamās Eiropas vides tehnoloģiju apstiprināšanas un testēšanas programmas zinātniskie un tehnoloģiskie aspekti.- Zemes novērošanas un novērtēšanas instrumenti- Zemes novērošana: veicināt novērošanas sistēmu attīstību un integrāciju vides un ilgtspējības jautājumiem saskaņā ar GEOSS ; sistēmu sadarbspēja un informācijas optimizēšana vides parādību izpratnei, modelēšanai un prognozēšanai.- Prognozēšanas metodes un novērtēšanas instrumenti: modelēšanas saiknes starp tautsaimniecību/vidi/sabiedrību, tostarp uz tirgu balstītie instrumenti, sekundāras sekas, robežvērtības, zināšanu bāzes un metodiku izstrāde ilgtspējības novērtējumam attiecībā uz svarīgākajiem jautājumiem, tādiem kā zemes izmantošana un ar jūru saistītie jautājumi; sociālās un ekonomikas problēmas saistībā ar klimata pārmaiņām.7. Transports (tostarp aeronautika)MērķisPamatojoties uz tehnoloģijas attīstību, iedzīvotāju un sabiedrības labā izstrādāt integrētas videi draudzīgākas un „viedākas” Viseiropas transporta sistēmas, kas atbilstu vides un dabas resursu saglabāšanas prasībām; nostiprināt un turpmāk attīstīt vadošo lomu, kas pasaules tirgū ir Eiropas nozares pārstāvjiem.PamatojumsTransporta nozare ir viens no Eiropas stiprākajiem punktiem: gaisa transporta nozare veido 2,6% no ES IKP (nodrošinot 3,1 miljonu darbavietu), un virszemes transporta nozare rada 11% no ES IKP (nodrošinot darbu 16 miljoniem cilvēku). Tomēr transports rada 25% no visa ES CO2 emisiju apjoma, tādēļ ir absolūti nepieciešams padarīt šo nozari „videi draudzīgāku”, lai nodrošinātu ilgtspējīgāku transporta nozares darbību un saderību ar izaugsmes tempiem, kā norādīts Baltajā grāmatā „Eiropas Transporta Politika 2010. gadam: laiks pieņemt lēmumu”.[18]ES paplašināšanās un ekonomikas attīstība (palielinot zemes platību par 25% un iedzīvotāju skaitu par 20%) rada jaunu izaicinājumu cilvēku un preču efektīvai, rentablai un ilgtspējīgai pārvadāšanai. Transportam ir tieša saistība ar citām svarīgām politikas jomām, tādām kā tirdzniecība, konkurence, nodarbinātība, kohēzija, enerģētika, drošība un iekšējais tirgus. Investīcijas pētniecībā un tehnoloģiju attīstībā ES transporta nozarē ir priekšnosacījums, lai nodrošinātu tehnoloģiskas konkurētspējas priekšrocības pasaules tirgos.[19]Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformu[20] izstrādātajās darba programmās atbalstīta vajadzība attīstīt jaunu „transporta sistēmu” perspektīvu, kurā ņemta vērā transportlīdzekļu, transporta tīklu un transporta pakalpojumu lietošanas mijiedarbība un kuru var izstrādāt vienīgi Eiropas līmenī. PTA izmaksas visās šajās jomās būtiski pieaug, un ir nepieciešama sadarbība ES līmenī, lai ļautu dažādu PTA sniedzēju „kritiskajai masai” rentabli atrisināt šāda mēroga daudzdisciplināras problēmas tādās jomās kā nākotnes „tīrs un drošs transportlīdzeklis”, savietojamība un kombinētie pārvadājumi ar īpašu uzsvaru uz dzelzceļa transportu, pieejamas cenas, nekaitīgums, ietilpība, drošība un ietekme uz vidi paplašinātā Eiropas Savienībā. Eiropas politiku īstenošanai būs arī jāizstrādā tehnoloģijas Galileo sistēmas un tās lietojumu atbalstam. Politikas veidotāju vajadzības, tāpat kā turpmāk izklāstīto tēmu un darbību ciešā saistība ar rūpniecību, tiks risinātas integrētā veidā, aptverot transporta politikas ekonomiskos, sociālos un vides aspektus. Turklāt tiks sniegts atbalsts, lai reaģētu uz pastāvošām un jaunām politikas vajadzībām, piemēram, saistībā ar notikumu attīstību jūrniecības politikā.Darbības- Aeronautika un gaisa satiksme- Videi draudzīgāks gaisa transports: emisiju un trokšņa traucējumu samazināšana, ietverot darbu pie motoru un alternatīvu degvielu, konstrukciju un jaunu lidaparātu projektu izstrādes, lidostu darbību un satiksmes pārvaldību.- Laika efektivitātes palielināšana: kustību saraksta efektivitātes uzlabošana, koncentrējoties uz novatoriskām gaisa satiksmes pārvaldes sistēmām atbilstīgi Vienoto debesu politikas efektīvai īstenošanai, kas apvieno gaisa, zemes un kosmosa elementus, tostarp satiksmes plūsmu un gaisa kuģu lielāku autonomiju.- Patērētāju apmierinātības un drošības garantēšana: pasažieru komforta uzlabošana, novatoriski pakalpojumi lidojuma laikā un pasažieru efektīvāka apkalpošana; visu gaisa transporta drošības aspektu uzlabošana; gaisa kuģu plašāka izvēle, sākot no plata korpusa līdz maza izmēra transportlīdzekļiem.- Izmaksu efektivitātes uzlabošana: samazināt izmaksas saistībā ar produktu attīstību, ražošanu un ekspluatāciju, koncentrējoties uz gaisa kuģiem, kuriem nav vajadzīga tehniskā apkope, lielāka automatizācijas un simulācijas izmantošana.- Gaisa kuģu un pasažieru aizsardzība: ceļotāja, apkalpes, gaisa kuģa un gaisa satiksmes sistēmas aizsardzības pasākumu uzlabošana, piemēram, uzlabotas datu un identifikācijas metodes, gaisa kuģa aizsardzība pret uzbrukumu, automātiska atgūstamība un no drošības viedokļa uzlabota gaisa kuģu konstrukcija.- Vadošā loma nākotnes gaisa transportā: ilgāka termiņa aviācijas problēmu risināšana, ieviešot radikālākus, no vides viedokļa efektīvus un novatoriskus tehnoloģiju apvienojumus, kas radītu nozīmīgu progresu gaisa transportā.- Virszemes transports (dzelzceļš, autotransports un kuģi)- Videi draudzīgāks virszemes transports: vides un trokšņa piesārņojuma samazināšana; tīru un efektīvu motoru izstrāde, izmantojot hibrīdās tehnoloģijas un alternatīvu degvielu transporta lietojumiem; nolietojuma stratēģijas transportlīdzekļiem un kuģošanas līdzekļiem.- Veicināt kravu novirzīšanu uz citiem transporta veidiem un transporta koridoru atslogošanu: novatorisku, kombinētu un sadarbspējīgu reģionālu un valsts transporta tīklu, infrastruktūras un sistēmu attīstība Eiropā; izmaksu internalizācija; informācijas apmaiņa starp transportlīdzekli/kuģošanas līdzekli un transporta infrastruktūru; infrastruktūras jaudas optimizēšana.- Nodrošināt ilgtspējīgu mobilitāti pilsētās: novatoriskas organizācijas shēmas, tostarp tīri un droši transportlīdzekļi, un nepiesārņojoši transportlīdzekļi, jauni sabiedriskā transporta veidi un privātā transporta racionalizācija, komunikāciju infrastruktūra, integrēta pilsētas un transporta plānošana.- Drošuma un drošības uzlabošana: transporta sistēmas uzlabošana, apstākļu uzlabošana attiecībā uz transporta darbībās iesaistītajiem transportlīdzekļu vadītājiem, pasažieriem, apkalpes locekļiem, velosipēdistiem un gājējiem; projektējot transportlīdzekļus un kuģošanas līdzekļus, kā arī transporta sistēmā kopumā.- Konkurētspējas stiprināšana : projektēšanas procesu uzlabošana; progresīvu ātrgaitas vilcienu un transportlīdzekļu tehnoloģiju attīstība; novatoriskas un rentablas ražošanas sistēmas un infrastruktūras būvniecība; mijiedarbības arhitektūras.- Atbalsts Eiropas Globālajai satelītnavigācijas sistēmai (Galileo): precīzas navigācijas un momenta iestatīšanas pakalpojumi lietošanai vairākās nozarēs; satelītnavigācijas efektīva izmantošana un atbalsts otrās paaudzes tehnoloģiju izstrādei.8. Sociālekonomiskās zinātnes un humanitārās zinātnesMērķisRadīt dziļu kopīgu izpratni par sarežģītajām un savstarpēji saistītām sociālekonomiskām problēmām, ar kurām saskaras Eiropa, tādām kā izaugsme, nodarbinātība un konkurētspēja, sociālā kohēzija un ilgtspējība, dzīves kvalitāte un savstarpēja atkarība pasaulē, jo īpaši, lai nodrošinātu uzlabotu zināšanu bāzi politikām attiecīgajās jomās.PamatojumsEiropai ir stabila augstas kvalitātes pētniecības bāze sociālekonomisko zinātņu un humanitāro zinātņu jomā. Pieeju dažādība ES ekonomikas, sociālajā, politikas un kultūras jomā rada bagātīgu augsni šo jomu pētniecībai ES līmenī. Kopīgiem pētījumiem, kuros tiek risināti Eiropas sociālekonomiskie jautājumi minētajās jomās, ir liela Eiropas pievienotā vērtība. Pirmkārt, šiem jautājumiem un problēmām ir augsta prioritāte ES līmenī un tos risina ar ES politikām. Otrkārt, salīdzinošā pētniecība, iesaistot vairākas vai visas ES valstīs, piedāvā īpaši efektīvu līdzekli, kā arī svarīgas mācību iespējas dažādās valstīs un reģionos.Treškārt, ES līmeņa pētniecībai ir īpašas priekšrocības, jo ar to var radīt Viseiropas datu bāzi un pielietot dažādās perspektīvas, kas ir vajadzīgas, lai izprastu sarežģītus jautājumus. Visbeidzot, Eiropas sociālekonomisko zināšanu bāzes izstrāde šajās galvenajās jomās būs svarīgs ieguldījums to kopējas izpratnes veicināšanā visā Eiropas Savienībā un, kas ir vissvarīgākais, Eiropas iedzīvotāju vidū.Atbalstāmās darbības ir izklāstītas turpmāk un ir paredzams, ka tās sniegs nozīmīgu ieguldījumu politikas formulēšanā, īstenošanā, ietekmē un novērtējumā daudzās jomās, tādās kā ekonomika, sociālā joma, izglītība un mācības, uzņēmējdarbība, starptautiskā tirdzniecība, patērētāji, ārējie sakari, tieslietas un iekšlietas, un oficiālās statistikas politikas. Turklāt tiks sniegtas iespējas, lai risinātu sociālekonomiskas problēmas, kā arī, lai veiktu pētījumus saistībā ar jaunām vai neparedzētām politikas vajadzībām.Darbības- Izaugsme, nodarbinātība un konkurētspēja zināšanu sabiedrībā: izstrādāt un integrēt pētījumus par jautājumiem, kas ietekmē izaugsmi, nodarbinātību un konkurētspēju, sākot no jauninājumiem, izglītības, tostarp mūžizglītības, un zinātnisko un citu zināšanu lomas līdz valstu institucionālam kontekstam.- Ekonomikas, sociālo un vides mērķu apvienošana Eiropas perspektīvā: risinot divus galvenos un savstarpēji cieši saistītos jautājumus - turpināt Eiropas sociālekonomisko modeļu attīstību un ekonomisko un sociālo kohēziju paplašinātā Eiropas Savienībā, ņemot vērā vides aizsardzību.- Galvenās tendences un to sekas sabiedrībā: piemēram, demogrāfiskās izmaiņas, tostarp iedzīvotāju novecošana un migrācija; dzīvesstils, darbs, ģimene, dzimumu līdztiesības jautājumi, veselība un dzīves kvalitāte; noziedzība; uzņēmējdarbības loma sabiedrībā un iedzīvotāju daudzveidība, kultūras mijiedarbība un jautājumi saistībā ar fundamentālo tiesību aizsardzību un cīņu pret rasismu un neiecietību.- Eiropa pasaulē: izpratne par mainīgo mijiedarbību un savstarpējo atkarību starp pasaules reģioniem un to ietekme uz saistītajiem reģioniem, jo īpaši Eiropu; jaunu draudu un risku risināšana, neierobežojot cilvēktiesības, brīvību un labklājību.- Pilsonis Eiropas Savienībā: ņemot vērā ES nākotnes attīstību, panākt demokrātiskās „piederības” izjūtu un Eiropas tautu aktīvu līdzdalību; efektīva un demokrātiska pārvaldība, ieskaitot ekonomikas pārvaldību; vienotas izpratnes veidošana un cieņa pret Eiropas atšķirībām un kopīgām iezīmēm kultūrā, institūcijās, vēsturē, valodās un vērtībās.- Sociālekonomiskie un zinātniskie rādītāji: to izmantošana politikā un tās īstenošana un kontrole , pastāvošo rādītāju uzlabošana un jaunu rādītāju izstrāde šim mērķim un pētniecības programmu novērtēšanai, ieskaitot uz oficiālo statistiku balstītos rādītājus.- Prognozēšanas darbības galvenajās zinātnes, tehnoloģijas un saistītajās sociālekonomiskajās jomās, tādās kā turpmākās demogrāfiskās tendences, zināšanu globalizācija, pētniecības sistēmu attīstība, kā arī attiecībā uz turpmāko attīstību galvenajās pētniecības jomās un zinātniskajās disciplīnās, un saistībā ar tām.9. Drošība un kosmossMērķisIzstrādāt tehnoloģijas un zināšanas, lai izveidotu spējas, kas vajadzīgas, lai garantētu iedzīvotāju drošību no tādiem draudiem kā terorisms un noziedzība, vienlaicīgi ievērojot cilvēka pamattiesības; nodrošināt optimālu un saskaņotu pieejamo tehnoloģiju izmantošanu Eiropas drošībai un veicināt pakalpojumu sniedzēju un lietotāju sadarbību drošības risinājumiem.Atbalstīt Eiropas Kosmosa programmu, kas koncentrētos uz tādiem lietojumiem kā globālais monitorings par vidi un drošību ( GMES ), sniedzot labumu iedzīvotājiem un Eiropas kosmosa nozares konkurētspējai. Tas veicinās Eiropas Kosmosa politikas izstrādi, papildinot dalībvalstu un citu galveno dalībnieku, tostarp Eiropas Kosmosa aģentūras, centienus.9.1. DrošībaPamatojumsDrošība Eiropā ir priekšnosacījums labklājībai un brīvībai. ES drošības stratēģijā „Drošāka Eiropa labākā pasaulē”, ko pieņēma Eiropadome, risināta vajadzība pēc visaptverošas drošības stratēģijas, kura ietver gan civilos, gan ar aizsardzību saistītos drošības pasākumus.Ar drošību saistītā pētniecība ir svarīgs elements, atbalstot Kopējo ārpolitiku un drošības politiku, kā arī sniedzot augsta līmeņa drošību visā ES tiesiskuma, brīvības un drošības telpā[21], kā atbalstīts Hāgas programmā. Tā arī sniegs ieguldījumu attīstības stadijā esošajās tehnoloģijās un iespējās citu ES politiku atbalstam tādās jomās ka transports, civilā aizsardzība, enerģētika un vide.Pastāvošām ar drošību saistītām pētniecības darbībām Eiropā raksturīga centienu sadrumstalotība, atbilstoša mēroga un apjoma „kritiskās masas” trūkums un saistību un sadarbspējas nepietiekamība. Eiropai jāuzlabo tās pasākumu saskanība, izstrādājot efektīvu institucionālo kārtību un rosinot dažādos valsts un starptautiskos dalībniekus uz sadarbību un koordināciju, lai novērstu dublēšanu un izmantotu sinerģiju, kur vien tas iespējams. Drošības pētniecība Kopienas līmenī tiks vērsta uz pasākumiem ar skaidru valsts līmenim pievienoto vērtību. Rezultātā drošības pētniecība Kopienas līmenī pastiprinās Eiropas drošības nozares konkurētspēju.Turpmāk izklāstītās darbības papildinās un integrēs uz tehnoloģijām un sistēmām orientēto ar drošību saistīto pētniecību, ko veic saskaņā ar citām tēmām. Tās būs orientētas uz uzdevumu, attīstot tehnoloģijas un iespējas atkarībā no īpašo drošības uzdevumu vajadzībām. Tās ir veidotas elastīgi, lai varētu pielāgoties šobrīd nezināmiem drošības apdraudējumiem un saistītām politikas vajadzībām, kas var rasties, veicinot pastāvošo tehnoloģiju savstarpējo papildināšanu un pārņemšanu civilās drošības jomā; Eiropas drošības pētniecība stimulēs arī vairākiem nolūkiem paredzēto tehnoloģiju attīstību, lai līdz maksimumam palielinātu to pielietošanas jomu.Darbības- Aizsardzība pret terorismu un noziedzību: sniegt tehnoloģiju risinājumus draudu apzināšanās uzlabošanai (piemēram, attiecībā uz ķīmiskiem, bioloģiskiem, radioloģiskiem un kodoldraudiem, CBRN ), atklāšanai, novēršanai, identificēšanai, aizsardzībai pret tiem, neitralizēšanai, kā arī teroristu uzbrukumu un noziedzības ietekmes ierobežošanai.- Infrastruktūras un komunālo pakalpojumu drošība: analizēt un aizsargāt pastāvošo un nākotnes sabiedrisko un privāto svarīgāko/tīklā savienoto infrastruktūru (piemēram, transportā, enerģētikā, IKT), sistēmas un pakalpojumus (tostarp finanšu un administratīvos pakalpojumus).- Robežu drošība: koncentrēties uz tehnoloģijām un iespējām, lai uzlabotu visu to sistēmu, iekārtu, instrumentu un procesu efektivitāti, kas ir vajadzīgi Eiropas teritorijas un piekrastes robežu drošības uzlabošanai, ieskaitot robežu kontroles un uzraudzības jautājumus.- Drošības atjaunošana krīzes gadījumā: koncentrēties uz tehnoloģijām, lai atbalstītu dažādas ārkārtēju situāciju vadības darbības (tādas kā civilā aizsardzība, humānās palīdzības un glābšanas operācijas, atbalsts KāDP) un tādus jautājumus kā starporganizāciju koordinācija un saziņa, dalītās arhitektūras un cilvēka faktors.Iepriekšminēto četru jomu atbalstam paredzētas šādas plašākas tēmas:- Drošības sistēmu integrācija un savietojamība: koncentrēties uz tehnoloģijām, lai uzlabotu sistēmu, iekārtu, pakalpojumu un procesu, tostarp tiesībaizsardzības informācijas infrastruktūras, savietojamību, kā arī uz uzticamību, organizatoriskiem aspektiem, konfidencialitātes un informācijas integritātes aizsardzību un visu darījumu un apstrādes operāciju izsekojamību.- Drošība un sabiedrība: uz uzdevumiem orientēta pētniecība, kas galvenokārt būs vērsta uz sociālekonomisko analīzi, attīstības modeļu veidošanu un darbībām saistībā ar noziedzību, iedzīvotāju izpratni par drošību, ētiku, privātuma aizsardzību un sociālo prognozēšanu. Pētniecība tiks vērsta arī uz tehnoloģijām, kas labāk aizsargā privātumu un tiesības, un tajā tiks risināta neaizsargātība un jauni draudi, kā arī iespējamo seku pārvaldība un ietekmes novērtējums.- Drošības pētniecības koordinācija un strukturēšana: Eiropas un starptautiskās drošības pētniecības pasākumu koordinācija un sinerģijas attīstīšana starp civilo, drošības un aizsardzības pētniecību, juridisko noteikumu uzlabošana un pastāvošās infrastruktūras optimālas izmantošanas veicināšana.9.2. KosmossPamatojumsES var sniegt ieguldījumu šajā jomā, labāk definējot kopējos mērķus, pamatojoties uz lietotāju prasībām un politikas mērķiem, koordinējot darbības, lai izvairītos no dublēšanas un maksimāli palielinātu savietojamību, un nosakot standartus. Valsts iestādes un lēmēji ir svarīgi potenciālie lietotāji, arī Eiropas rūpniecība gūs priekšrocības no skaidri definētas Eiropas Kosmosa politikas, ko īsteno ar Eiropas Kosmosa programmu, kurai daļējs atbalsts paredzēts ierosinātajos pētniecības un tehnoloģiju attīstības pasākumos. Eiropas līmeņa pasākumi arī ir vajadzīgi, lai atbalstītu ES politikas mērķus, piemēram, lauksaimniecības, zivsaimniecības, vides, telekomunikāciju, drošības, transporta jomā, kā arī lai nodrošinātu, ka Eiropa ir cienījams partneris reģionālajā un starptautiskajā sadarbībā.Pēdējo 40 gadu laikā Eiropa ir izveidojusi izcilu tehnoloģisko kompetenci. Lai saglabātu nozares konkurētspēju (ieskaitot ražotājus, pakalpojumu sniedzējus un operatorus), vajadzīgi jauni pētījumi un tehnoloģijas. Kosmosa lietojumi sniedz nozīmīgu labumu iedzīvotājiem.Turpmāk izklāstīto darbību mērķis ir: kosmosa resursu izmantošana, lai ieviestu lietojumus, proti, GMES (Globālais monitorings par vidi un drošību) un to sniegtais ieguldījums tiesībaizsardzībā ES politikas jomās; kosmosa izpēte, nodrošinot starptautiskas sadarbības iespējas un progresīvus tehnoloģijas atklājumus; kosmosa izmantošana un izpēte, ko atbalsta ar veicinošām darbībām, garantējot Eiropas Savienības stratēģisko lomu. šīs darbības tiks papildinātas ar citām darbībām, kas ir ietvertas Konkurētspējas un jauninājumu pamatprogrammā un Izglītības un mācību programmā. Ar turpmāk minētām darbībām tiks maksimāli palielināti valsts politikas ieguvumi, tostarp papildu atbalsts jaunām politikas vajadzībām, kas var rasties, piemēram: uz kosmosu balstīti risinājumi jaunattīstības valstu atbalstam; kosmosa novērošanas instrumentu un metožu izmantošana, lai atbalstītu Kopienas politiku attīstību.Darbības- Uz kosmosu balstīti lietojumi Eiropas sabiedrības rīcībā- Globālais monitorings par vidi un drošību: uz satelītiem balstītu monitoringa sistēmu un metožu izstrāde saistībā ar vides un drošības pārvaldību un to integrāciju ar elementiem uz zemes, jūrā un gaisā; atbalsts GMES datu un pakalpojumu lietošanai un nodrošināšanai.- Novatoriski satelītkomunikācijas pakalpojumi, kas ir integrēti globālajos elektroniskās komunikācijas tīklos iedzīvotājiem un uzņēmumiem tādās pielietojuma jomās, kas aptver civilo aizsardzību, e-pārvaldi, tālmedicīnu, tālmācību un vispārējos lietotājus.- Tehnoloģiju attīstība, lai samazinātu uz kosmosu balstīto pakalpojumu neaizsargātību un veicinātu kosmosa uzraudzību.- Kosmosa izpēte- Sniegt ieguldījumu starptautiskās kosmosa izpētes iniciatīvās.- PTA kosmosa pētniecības pamatu nostiprināšanai- Kosmiskā transporta tehnoloģija: pētniecība, lai palielinātu Eiropas kosmiskā transporta nozares konkurētspēju.- Kosmosa zinātnes, tostarp dzīvība kosmosā.II IDEJASMērķisŠī programma veicinās dinamismu, jaunradi un izcilību Eiropas pētniecībā zināšanu progresīvākajās jomās. To panāks, atbalstot “pētnieku ierosinātus” pētniecības projektus, ko visās jomās veic individuālas grupas, savstarpēji konkurējot Eiropas līmenī. Projektus finansēs, pamatojoties uz pētnieku iesniegtajiem priekšlikumiem viņu izvēlētajās jomās, un izvērtēs, veicot salīdzinošu vērtējumu, ņemot vērā tikai un vienīgi izcilības kritēriju.PamatojumsPētnieku ierosinātā „progresīvā” pētniecība ir galvenais pārticības un sociālā progresa virzītājspēks, kas piedāvā jaunas iespējas zinātnes un tehnoloģiju attīstībā un ļauj radīt jaunas zināšanas, kuru rezultātā veidojas jaunas izmantošanas iespējas un tirgi.Lai gan paveikts jau ir daudz un daudzās jomās ir nodrošināts augsta līmeņa sniegums, Eiropā netiek pilnībā izmantots tās pētniecības potenciāls un resursi, tādēļ steidzami jāpaaugstina tās spēja radīt zināšanas.Uz konkurenci balstīts Eiropas mēroga finansēšanas mehānisms progresīvajai pētniecībai, ko veic individuālas grupas, ir galvenais Eiropas pētniecības telpas komponents, kas papildina citus ES un valsts līmeņa pasākumus. Tas palīdzēs vairot Eiropas dinamismu un piesaistīt labākos pētniekus gan no Eiropas, gan trešām valstīm, kā arī investīcijas rūpniecībā.DarbībasŠī darbības joma ietvers visdaudzsološākās un visproduktīvākās pētniecības jomas, kā arī labākās zinātnes un tehnoloģiju progresa iespējas dažādās disciplīnās un starpdisciplinārās jomās, tostarp inženierzinātnē, sociālajās zinātnēs un humanitārajās zinātnēs. To īstenos neatkarīgi no pārējo Pamatprogrammas daļu tematiskās orientācijas, un tajā uzmanību veltīs gan jaunajiem zinātniekiem un jaunām grupām, gan jau agrāk izveidotām grupām.ES darbības progresīvās pētniecības jomā īstenos Eiropas Pētniecības padome (EPP), ko veidos zinātniskā padome un īpaši izveidota īstenošanas struktūra.Zinātnisko padomi veidos Eiropas zinātnes aprindu augstākā līmeņa pārstāvji, kas darbosies kā privātpersonas neatkarīgi no politiskajām vai citām interesēm. Tās locekļus iecels Komisija, ievērojot objektīvu izvēles procedūru. Zinātniskā padome cita starpā pārraudzīs lēmumus par finansējamiem pētniecības veidiem un garantēs darbības kvalitāti no zinātniskā viedokļa. Tās uzdevumos jo īpaši ietilps ikgadējās darba programmas izstrāde, salīdzinošā novērtējuma procesa izveide, kā arī programmas īstenošanas uzraudzība un kvalitātes kontrole no zinātniskā viedokļa.Īpaši izveidotā īstenošanas struktūra atbildēs par visiem īstenošanas aspektiem un programmas izpildi saskaņā ar ikgadējo darba programmu. Jo īpaši tā īstenos salīdzinošās vērtēšanas un atlases procesu saskaņā ar zinātniskās padomes noteiktiem principiem, kā arī nodrošinās piešķīrumu finansiālo un zinātnisko pārvaldību.Darbības īstenošanu un pārvaldību atbilstoši regulāri pārskatīs un izvērtēs, lai novērtētu paveikto un, ņemot vērā pieredzi, koriģētu un uzlabotu procedūras.Eiropas Komisija garantēs pilnīgu EPP autonomiju un integritāti.III CILVĒKIMērķisKvantitatīvi un kvalitatīvi stiprināt cilvēkpotenciālu pētniecības un tehnoloģiju jomā Eiropā, rosinot cilvēkus pievērsties pētnieka profesijai, veicinot Eiropas zinātnieku palikšanu Eiropā, kā arī piesaistot Eiropai zinātniekus no visas pasaules, veidojot labākajiem pētniekiem pievilcīgu Eiropu. To panāks, ieviešot konsekventu Marijas Kirī vārdā nosaukto pasākumu kopumu, kas paredzēts pētniekiem visos profesionālās darbības posmos, no sākotnējās pētnieku sagatavošanas līdz mūžizglītībai un profesionālajai izaugsmei.PamatojumsPietiekams daudzums augsti kvalificētu zinātnieku ir nepieciešams priekšnosacījums zinātnes attīstībai un jauninājumu pamats, kā arī nozīmīgs faktors tam, lai piesaistītu stabilas valsts un privātā sektora investīcijas pētniecības jomā. Ņemot vērā aizvien pieaugošo pasaules mēroga konkurenci, pētniekiem atvērta Eiropas darba tirgus izveide un zinātnieku prasmju un profesionālās izaugsmes iespēju daudzveidība ir būtiska, lai nodrošinātu pētnieku un viņu zināšanu veiksmīgu apriti gan Eiropā, gan visā pasaulē.Starpvalstu un starpnozaru mobilitāte, tostarp rūpniecības līdzdalības veicināšana un zinātniskās karjeras un akadēmisko amatu pieejamība Eiropas mērogā ir galvenais Eiropas pētniecības telpas komponents, kas ir ārkārtīgi svarīgs, lai paaugstinātu Eiropas iespējas un sniegumu pētniecības jomā.Darbības- Zinātnieku sākotnējā sagatavošana, lai uzlabotu viņu profesionālās izaugsmes perspektīvas gan valsts, gan privātajā sektorā, tostarp paplašinot viņu zinātniskās un vispārīgās prasmes, kā arī piesaistot vairāk jauno zinātnieku profesionālai zinātniskajai darbībai.To īstenos ar Marijas Kirī vārdā nosaukto sadarbības tīklu ( Marie Curie Networks ) palīdzību, kuru pamatmērķis ir novērst zinātnieku sākotnējās profesionālās sagatavošanas un profesionālās izaugsmes fragmentāciju un stiprināt tās Eiropas līmenī. Starpvalstu tīklu dalībnieki izmanto savas savstarpēji papildinošās kompetences integrētu mācību programmu veidā. Atbalsts būs paredzēts zinātnieku pieņemšanai darbā agrīnā profesionālās darbības posmā, tādu mācību pasākumu organizēšanai, kas pieejami arī tīklā neiesaistītiem pētniekiem, kā arī augstākā līmeņa akadēmiskajiem un/vai rūpniecības nozares amatiem, lai nodotu zināšanas un veiktu uzraudzību.- Mūžizglītība un profesionālā izaugsme, lai atbalstītu pieredzējušu zinātnieku profesionālo izaugsmi. Lai papildinātu esošās prasmes un kompetenci vai apgūtu jaunas, vai arī sekmētu starpdisciplināru/daudzdisciplināru pieeju un/vai starpnozaru mobilitāti, ir paredzēts atbalsts pētniekiem, kam ir īpaša vajadzība papildināt vai pilnveidot zināšanas un prasmes, pētniekiem, kas atsāk zinātnisko darbību pēc pārtraukuma, kā arī lai (re)integrētu pētniekus ilgāka termiņa amatā pētniecības jomā Eiropā, tostarp viņu izcelsmes valstī, pēc starpvalstu vai starptautiskas mobilitātes pieredzes. Šo pasākumu kopumu īstenos, gan tieši piešķirot individuālas zinātnisko darbinieku stipendijas Kopienas līmenī, gan līdzfinansējot reģionālas, valsts līmeņa vai starptautiskas programmas.- Rūpniecības un akadēmisko aprindu integrācija un partnerība: atbalsts ilgāka termiņa sadarbības programmām starp akadēmiskajām un rūpniecības organizācijām, jo īpaši MVU, ir paredzēts, lai pastiprinātu zināšanu apmaiņu, veidojot kopīgas pētniecības partnerības, ko sekmē, iesaistot partnerībā pieredzējušus zinātniekus, nosūtot personālu darbā otrā nozarē, kā arī organizējot pasākumus.- Starptautiskā dimensija, lai paaugstinātu Eiropas pētniecības kvalitāti, piesaistot talantīgus zinātniekus no valstīm ārpus Eiropas un veicinot savstarpēji izdevīgu sadarbību pētniecības jomā ar zinātniekiem ārpus Eiropas. Tas tiks veikts, izmantojot starptautiskas stipendijas Eiropas zinātniekiem ārvalstīs (paredzot obligātu atgriešanās posmu); starptautiskas stipendijas ārvalstu zinātniekiem Eiropā; partnerības zinātnieku apmaiņas atbalstam. Tiks atbalstītas arī kopīgas iniciatīvas starp Eiropas organizācijām un ES kaimiņvalstu organizācijām, un valstīm, ar kurām ES noslēgusi nolīgumu par sadarbību zinātnes un tehnoloģiju jomā. Šī darbība ietvers pasākumus, lai novērstu intelektuālā darbaspēka emigrāciju no attīstības valstīm un valstīm ar strauji augošu ekonomiku, kā arī pasākumus, kas paredzēti, lai izveidotu ārvalstīs strādājošo Eiropas zinātnieku tīklu. Šie pasākumi tiks īstenoti saskaņā ar starptautiskajām darbībām programmā „Sadarbība” un „Iespējas”.- Īpašie pasākumi , kas paredzēti tam, lai atbalstītu reāla Eiropas darba tirgus izveidi pētniecības jomā, novēršot šķēršļus mobilitātei un sekmējot pētnieku profesionālās darbības perspektīvas Eiropā. Papildus tam piešķirs līdzekļus, lai uzlabotu sabiedrības informētību par Marijas Kirī vārdā nosauktajiem pasākumiem un to mērķiem.IV IESPĒJASŠī pamatprogrammas daļa sekmēs pētniecības un jauninājumu iespējas visā Eiropā un nodrošinās to optimālu izmantojumu. Šo mērķi sasniegs šādi:- optimizējot pētniecības infrastruktūru izmantojumu un pilnveidi;- stiprinot MVU spēju radīt jauninājumus un spēju gūt labumu no pētniecības;- atbalstot reģionālu pētniecības kopu izveidi;- apgūstot pētniecības potenciālu ES konverģences un attālos reģionos;- tuvinot zinātni un sabiedrību, lai harmoniski integrētu zinātni un tehnoloģijas Eiropas sabiedrībā;- īstenojot horizontālu rīcību un pasākumus, lai atbalstītu starptautisku sadarbību.Šajā pamatprogrammas daļā veiktās darbības atbalstīs arī tādu politiku saskaņotu izstrādi, kas papildina Sadarbības programmā paredzētās koordinācijas darbības un dod ieguldījumu Kopienas politikā un iniciatīvās, kuru mērķis ir veicināt dalībvalstu politiku saskaņotību un ietekmi. Tajā ietilpst:- Eiropas zinātnes sistēmas stiprināšana un pilnveide, piemēram, ar zinātnisko konsultāciju un kompetenci saistīti jautājumi un ieguldījums „labāka regulējuma” nodrošināšanā;- ar pētniecību saistītu valsts politiku un rūpniecības stratēģiju pārraudzība un analīze;- pētniecības politikas koordinācija, ieskaitot valsts vai reģionālā līmeņa starpvalstu sadarbības iniciatīvas jautājumos, kas skar kopīgas intereses.PĒTNIECĪBAS INFRASTRUKTŪRAMērķisOptimizēt Eiropas labāko pētniecības infrastruktūru izmantojumu un pilnveidi un palīdzēt visās zinātnes un tehnoloģiju jomās radīt jaunas Eiropas nozīmes pētniecības infrastruktūras, kas vajadzīgas, lai saglabātu Eiropas zinātnisko aprindu vietu pētniecības attīstības priekšgalā un to spēju palīdzēt rūpniecības nozarei stiprināt tās zināšanu bāzi un tehnoloģiskās prasmes.PamatojumsPētniecības infrastruktūras ieņem aizvien nozīmīgāku vietu zinātnes atziņu attīstībā un to izmantošanā. Tā, piemēram, starojuma avoti, datu bankas genomikā un datu bankas sociālajās zinātnēs, observatorijas vides un kosmosa zinātnē, attēlu veidošanas sistēmas vai sterilas telpas jaunu materiālu vai nanoelektronikas pētījumiem un izstrādei veido pētniecības pamatu. Šīs infrastruktūras ir dārgas, saistībā ar tām vajadzīgs plašs specializētu zināšanu spektrs un tās jāizmanto plašām zinātnieku un viņu pakalpojumus izmantojošām rūpniecības aprindām Eiropas mērogā.Eiropas pieejas izstrāde attiecībā uz pētniecības infrastruktūrām, tostarp skaitļošanas tehniku un uz komunikāciju bāzētu e -infrastruktūru, kā arī ES līmeņa pasākumu īstenošana šajā jomā var ievērojami sekmēt Eiropas zinātniskā potenciāla paaugstināšanu un tā izmantojumu.ES var veikt un tai jāveic katalizatora un izmantojuma veicinātāja funkcija, palīdzot nodrošināt plašāku un efektīvāku dažādās dalībvalstīs pastāvošo infrastruktūru pieejamību un izmantošanu, sekmējot saskaņotu minēto infrastruktūru pilnveidi un veicinot jaunu Eiropas nozīmes pētniecības infrastruktūru rašanos vidēja termiņa un ilgtermiņa laikposmā.DarbībasŠajā jomā paredzētās darbības tiks veiktas visās zinātnes un tehnoloģiju jomās. Tās īstenos ciešā saiknē ar tematiskajās jomās paredzētajām darbībām, lai nodrošinātu to, ka visi Eiropas līmenī veiktie ES pasākumi atbilst vajadzībai pēc pētniecības infrastruktūrām attiecīgajā teritorijā, ieskaitot starptautisko sadarbību.Šīs darbības ir šādas:- Atbalsts pastāvošām pētniecības infrastruktūrām- Starpvalstu pieejamība , lai nodrošinātu Eiropas zinātniekiem pieeju labākajām pētniecības infrastruktūrām un iespēju veikt pētījumus neatkarīgi no infrastruktūras atrašanās vietas;- darbību integrācija , lai Eiropas mērogā labāk strukturētu veidu, kā pētniecības infrastruktūras darbojas attiecīgajā jomā, un sekmētu to saskaņotu izmantošanu un attīstību;- pētniecības e-infrastruktūra , veicinot lieljaudas un lielas veiktspējas komunikāciju un GRID infrastruktūru tālāku pilnveidi un attīstību, sekmējot Eiropas progresīvās tehnoloģijas skaitļošanas tehnikas iespējas, kā arī veicinot to pieņemšanu lietotāju vidū, vairojot to globālo nozīmi, uzticamības un ticamības pakāpi, pamatojoties uz GEANT un GRID infrastruktūru sasniegumiem.- Atbalsts jaunām pētniecības infrastruktūrām- Jaunu infrastruktūru veidošana un pastāvošo infrastruktūru būtiska atjaunināšana , lai veicinātu jaunu pētniecības infrastruktūru izveidi, īpaši pamatojoties uz ESFRI [22] paveikto, par kurām var pieņemt lēmumu, pamatojoties uz Līguma 171. pantu vai īpašo programmu lēmumiem saskaņā ar Līguma 166. pantu;- projektēšanas pētījumi , izmantojot pieeju „no apakšas uz augšu” attiecībā uz uzaicinājumiem iesniegt priekšlikumus, lai sekmētu jaunu pētniecības infrastruktūru radīšanu, finansējot piešķīrumus izpētei un jaunu infrastruktūru tehniski ekonomiskā pamatojuma pētījumus.Potenciāli finansējamie infrastruktūru projekti attiecīgi tiks izvēlēti, pamatojoties uz kritēriju virkni, jo īpaši šādiem:- ES finansiālā atbalsta pievienotā vērtība;- spēja piedāvāt pakalpojumu akadēmisko un rūpniecības nozaru aprindu zinātniekiem Eiropas līmenī;- nozīmīgums starptautiskā līmenī;- tehnoloģiska īstenojamība;- Eiropas partnerības iespējas un nozīmīgāko iesaistīto pušu līdzdalība;- izvērtētas būvniecības un ekspluatācijas izmaksas.Attiecībā uz jaunu infrastruktūru izveidi tiks nodrošināta Kopienas finanšu instrumentu, Pamatprogrammas un jo īpaši struktūrfondu efektīva koordinācija.PĒTNIECĪBA MVU VAJADZĪBĀMMērķiStiprināt Eiropas MVU jauninājumu ieviešanas spēju un to ieguldījumu jaunu uz tehnoloģijām balstītu produktu un tirgu attīstībā, palīdzot tiem izmantot ārējus pētniecības pakalpojumus, intensificēt to pētniecības centienus, paplašināt to tīklus, labāk izmantot pētījumu rezultātus un apgūt tehnoloģiskās prasmes un zināšanas.PamatojumsMVU ir Eiropas rūpniecības pamatā. Tiem jābūt nozīmīgam jauninājumu sistēmas komponentam, kā arī svarīgam ķēdes posmam, pārvēršot zināšanas jaunos produktos, procesos un pakalpojumos. Tā kā konkurence gan iekšējā tirgū, gan visā pasaulē aizvien pieaug, Eiropas MVU jāpaaugstina zināšanu un pētniecības intensitātes līmenis, jāpaplašina uzņēmējdarbība, aptverot lielākus tirgus, un jāveicina to zināšanu tīklu internacionalizācija. Lielākā daļa dalībvalstu pasākumu saistībā ar MVU neveicina un neatbalsta starpvalstu sadarbību pētniecības jomā un tehnoloģiju pārņemšanu. Tādēļ vajadzīgi pasākumi ES līmenī, kas papildinātu valstu un reģionālā līmeņa pasākumus un pastiprinātu to ietekmi. Papildus tālāk tekstā minētajiem pasākumiem tiks veicināta un atvieglota MVU dalība un to vajadzības tiks ņemtas vērā visā Pamatprogrammā.DarbībasĪpašie pasākumi MVU atbalstam ir ieviesti, lai atbalstītu mazos un vidējos uzņēmumus vai to apvienības, kas izmanto universitāšu un pētniecības centru ārējos pētniecības pakalpojumus – galvenokārt zema vai vidēja līmeņa tehnoloģiju MVU ar ierobežotām vai neesošām pētniecības veikšanas iespējām. Piedalīties var arī MVU ar augstu pētniecības intensitāti, kuriem jāizmanto ārējie pētniecības pakalpojumi, lai papildinātu savas pētniecības pamatiespējas. Pasākumi tiks veikti visās zinātnes un tehnoloģiju jomās. Finanšu līdzekļus piešķirs, izmantojot šādas divas shēmas:- Pētniecība maziem un vidējiem uzņēmumiem : atbalsts nelielām progresīvu MVU grupām, lai risinātu kopējas vai līdzīgas tehnoloģiska rakstura problēmas.- Pētniecība MVU apvienībām : atbalsts MVU apvienībām un MVU grupām, lai izstrādātu tehniskus risinājumus problēmām, kas kopējas daudziem MVU uzņēmumiem konkrētās rūpniecības nozarēs vai vērtības veidošanās posmā.Konkurētspējas un jauninājumu programmā tiks atbalstīti starpnieku tīkli un valsts rīcības plāni, lai veicinātu un atvieglotu MVU dalību Pamatprogrammā.ZINĀŠANU REĢIONIMērķiStiprināt Eiropas reģionu zinātniskās pētniecības potenciālu, jo īpaši veicinot un atbalstot visā Eiropā ar pētniecību saistītu reģionālu kopu veidošanos, kurās apvienojas universitātes, pētniecības centri, uzņēmumi un reģionālās institūcijas.PamatojumsReģioni ES pētniecības un attīstības ainā ieņem aizvien nozīmīgāku vietu. Reģionālā līmeņa pētniecības politikas un pasākumu pamatā bieži ir „kopu” veidošana, kurās apvienojas valsts un privātā sektora pārstāvji. Izmēģinājuma pasākums „ Zināšanu reģionu ” jomā parādīja šā jaunā pasākuma dinamiku un vajadzību atbalstīt un sekmēt šādu struktūru izveidi.Šajā jomā veiktie pasākumi ļaus Eiropas reģioniem stiprināt to iespējas ieguldīt pētniecībā un tehnoloģiju attīstībā un veikt pētniecības darbības, kā arī maksimāli izmantot to potenciālu, lai veiksmīgi iesaistītu to uzņēmējus Eiropas zinātniskajos projektos.DarbībasJaunajā Zināšanu reģionu iniciatīvā iesaistīsies apvienosies pētniecībā iesaistītie reģionālie dalībnieki: universitātes, pētniecības centrus, rūpniecības nozares, valsts iestādes (reģionālās padomes vai reģionālās attīstības aģentūras). Projekti ietvers reģionālo kopu pētījumu programmu kopīgu analīzi (saskaņojot to ar citām darbībām saistībā ar plašāko reģionālo jauninājumu kopu jautājumu) un instrumentu kopuma izstrādi, lai tās īstenotu konkrētās pētniecības darbībās, tostarp augsti attīstītiem reģioniem uzņemoties „šefību” pār reģioniem, kuros pētniecības plāni ir vājāk attīstīti. Tas ietvers pasākumus, kuru mērķis ir uzlabot sadarbības tīklu veidošanu pētniecības jomā un pētniecības finansējuma avotu pieejamību, kā arī pētniecības dalībnieku un institūciju integrāciju reģionālajā ekonomikā. Šīs darbības īstenos ciešā saiknē ar ES reģionālo politiku un Konkurētspējas un jauninājumu programmu, kā arī Izglītības un mācību programmu.Konkrētās „Zināšanu reģionu” darbības kontekstā tiks veidota centienu saskaņotība ar ES reģionālo politiku, jo īpaši attiecībā uz konverģences un attālākajiem reģioniem.ZINĀTNISKAIS POTENCIĀLSMērķisStimulēt paplašinātās ES zinātniskās pētniecības potenciāla pilnīgu apzināšanu un izmantošanu, apgūstot un attīstot zinātnisko potenciālu ES konverģences reģionos un attālākajos reģionos[23], un palīdzēt stiprināt zinātnieku iespējas veiksmīgi piedalīties pētniecības darbībās ES līmenī.PamatojumsEiropā netiek pilnībā izmantots tās zinātniskais potenciāls, it īpaši mazāk attīstītos reģionos, kas atrodas tālu no Eiropas pētniecības un rūpnieciskās attīstības centriem. Lai palīdzētu šo reģionu zinātniekiem un institūcijām piedalīties Eiropas vispārējā pētniecības procesā, izmantojot citos Eiropas reģionos pieejamās zināšanas un pieredzi, šī pasākuma mērķis ir izveidot nosacījumus, kas ļautu tiem izmantot savu potenciālu un palīdzētu pilnībā īstenot Eiropas pētniecības telpas ideju paplašinātajā Eiropas Savienībā.DarbībasRīcība šajā sfērā ietver atbalstu šādām darbībām:- zinātniskā personāla starpvalstu apmaiņa izvēlētu konverģences reģionu organizāciju un vienas vai vairāku partnerorganizāciju starpā; pieredzējušu ES valstu pētnieku pieņemšana darbā citā dalībvalstī, ko veic izraudzīti centri;- aprīkojuma iegāde un izveide, kā arī materiālās vides attīstība, kas ļauj pilnībā izmantot izraudzītos konverģences reģionu centros pieejamo intelektuālo potenciālu;- darbsemināru un konferenču organizēšana, lai atvieglotu zināšanu nodošanu; veicināšanas darbības un iniciatīvas, kuru mērķis ir izplatīt un nodot pētījumu rezultātus citām valstīm un starptautiskos tirgos;- „vērtēšanas mehānismi”, ar kuru palīdzību jebkurš konverģences reģionu pētniecības centrs var iegūt neatkarīgu starptautisku eksperta vērtējumu par attiecīgā centra pētījumu vispārējo kvalitātes un infrastruktūras līmeni.Tiks veicināta spēcīga centienu saskaņotība ar ES reģionālo politiku. Ar šajā sadaļā atbalstīto pasākumu palīdzību tiks identificētas tās vajadzības un iespējas vairot pētniecības veiktspēju jaunveidotajos un jau esošajos konverģences reģionu izcilības centros, kuras var finansēt ar struktūrfondu un kohēzijas fondu starpniecību.ZINĀTNE SABIEDRĪBĀMērķisLai izveidotu efektīvu un demokrātisku uz zinātnes atziņām balstītu Eiropas sabiedrību, mērķis ir stimulēt harmonisku zinātnisko un tehnoloģisko centienu un ar tiem saistīto pētniecības politiku integrāciju Eiropas sociālajā sistēmā, rosinot Eiropas mēroga pārdomas un debates par zinātni un tehnoloģijām, kā arī to saistību ar sabiedrību un kultūru.PamatojumsZinātne un tehnoloģijas aizvien vairāk ietekmē mūsu ikdienu. Lai gan zinātne un tehnoloģijas ir sabiedriskās darbības rezultāts, ko ietekmē sociālie un kultūras faktori, tā joprojām ir sfēra, kas ir tālu no lielākās sabiedrības daļas un politisko lēmumu pieņēmēju ikdienas un aizvien ir pārpratumu, nepamatotu cerību un baiļu avots. Diskutējami jautājumi saistībā ar jaunajām tehnoloģijām sabiedrībā jārisina ar pamatotu debašu starpniecību, kuru rezultātā tiek veikta pārdomāta izvēle un pieņemti pārdomāti lēmumi.DarbībasŠajā jomā uzsāktā būtiskā un integrētā iniciatīva ietvers atbalstu šādām darbībām:- Eiropas zinātnes sistēmas stiprināšana un pilnveide, ieskaitot ar zinātnisko konsultāciju un kompetenci saistītus jautājumus; zinātnisku publikāciju nākotne; drošības pasākumi zinātnes sfērās, kurās iespējama ļaunprātīga izmantošana; ar krāpšanu, uzticamību un „pašregulāciju” saistīti jautājumi;- zinātnieku un plašākas sabiedrības, ieskaitot organizēto pilsonisko sabiedrību, plašāka iesaistīšana ar zinātni saistītos jautājumos, lai paredzētu un skaidrotu politiski un sabiedriski aktuālus jautājumus, tostarp ētikas jautājumus;- pārdomas un debates par zinātni un tehnoloģijām, kā arī to vietu sabiedrībā, pamatojoties uz zinātnes un tehnoloģiju vēsturi, socioloģiju un filozofiju;- dzimtes pētījumi, tostarp dzimumu līdztiesības aspektu integrācija visās zinātnisko pētījumu jomās un sieviešu loma zinātnē;- tādas vides veidošana, kas jauniešiem rada interesi par zinātni, veicinot zinātnisko izglītību visos līmeņos, tostarp skolās, un rosinot jauniešu interesi un līdzdalību zinātnē;- politikas izstrāde par universitāšu lomu un to līdzdalību reformās, kas vajadzīgas, lai risinātu ar globalizāciju saistītos aktuālos jautājumus;- labāka komunikācija starp zinātnieku aprindām un plašāko politikas veidotāju auditoriju, plašsaziņas līdzekļiem un plašu sabiedrību, palīdzot zinātniekiem labāk informēt par savu darbu un atbalstot zinātnisko informāciju un plašsaziņas līdzekļus.Šīs darbības izpaudīsies kā pētījumu projekti, pētījumi, sadarbības tīklu veidošana un apmaiņas, sabiedriski pasākumi un iniciatīvas, balvas, aptaujas un datu vākšana. Daudzos gadījumos tās ietvers starptautiskas partnerības ar trešo valstu organizācijām.STARPTAUTISKĀS SADARBĪBAS PASĀKUMILai veicinātu konkurētspēju un ieņemtu vadošo pozīciju pasaulē, Eiropas Kopienai vajadzīga spēcīga un saskaņota starptautiska zinātnes un tehnoloģiju politika.Šai starptautiskajai politikai ir divi savstarpēji saistīti mērķi:- atbalstīt Eiropas konkurētspēju, veidojot stratēģiskas partnerattiecības ar trešām valstīm izraudzītās zinātnes jomās un iesaistot labākos trešo valstu zinātniekus darbā Eiropā un sadarbībā ar to;- risināt specifiskas trešām valstīm aktuālas vai globāla rakstura problēmas, pamatojoties uz abpusēju interesi un abpusēju izdevīgumu.Sadarbība ar trešām valstīm Pamatprogrammā jo īpaši būs vērsta uz šādām valstu grupām:- kandidātvalstis;- ES kaimiņvalstis, Vidusjūras reģiona partnervalstis, Rietumbalkānu valstis un jaunās neatkarīgās valstis;- attīstības valstis, pievēršot uzmanību to īpašajām vajadzībām;- jaunās ekonomikas valstis.Tematiski orientētos starptautiskās sadarbības pasākumus veic programmas „Sadarbība” ietvaros. Starptautiskās sadarbības pasākumus cilvēkpotenciāla jomā veic programmas „Cilvēki” ietvaros.Programmā „Iespējas” tiks īstenota ar konkrētu tematisko vai starpdisciplināro jomu nesaistīta horizontālā atbalsta rīcība un pasākumi. Tiks veikti pasākumi, lai uzlabotu dalībvalstu darbību saskaņotību, atbalstot valstu starptautiskās zinātniskās sadarbības programmu koordināciju. Tiks nodrošināta Pamatprogrammas dažādajās programmās paredzēto starptautiskās sadarbības pasākumu vispārēja koordinācija.AR KODOLJAUTĀJUMIEM NESAISTĪTAS KOPĪGĀ PĒTNIECĪBAS CENTRA DARBĪBASMērķisSniegt uz klientu orientētu zinātnisko un tehnoloģisko atbalstu ES politikas veidošanas procesā, nodrošinot atbalstu pastāvošo politiku īstenošanai un uzraudzībai, kā arī reaģējot uz jaunas politikas vajadzībām.PamatojumsKPC neatkarība no īpašām privātām vai valstiskām interesēm līdz ar tā tehnisko kompetenci ļauj atvieglot komunikāciju un vairot vienprātību starp iesaistītajām pusēm (rūpnieciskām apvienībām, vides darba grupām, dalībvalstu kompetentajām iestādēm, citiem pētniecības centriem u.c.) un politikas veidotājiem, jo īpaši ES līmenī. Ar zinātniskā un tehnoloģiskā atbalsta palīdzību KPC veicina ES politikas procesa efektivitāti, caurskatāmību un zinātnisko pamatotību.KPC nodrošinātā ES politikas atbalsta lietderīgums un uzticamība ir cieši saistīti ar tā zinātniskās kompetences kvalitāti un tā integrāciju starptautiskajā zinātniskajā sabiedrībā. Tādēļ KPC turpinās ieguldīt pētniecībā un sadarbības tīklu veidošanā ar citiem izcilības centriem atbilstīgās jomās. Tas piedalīsies netiešās darbībās visos aspektos, jo īpaši saistībā ar kopīgām zinātniskās atsauces sistēmām, tīklu veidošanu, mācībām un mobilitāti, pētniecības infrastruktūru un dalību tehnoloģiju platformās un koordinācijas instrumentos jomās, kurās tā kompetence ļauj radīt pievienoto vērtību.KPC turpinās aktīvi veicināt jaunu dalībvalstu un kandidātvalstu integrāciju tā pasākumos, kuros pašlaik var piedalīties 15 ES dalībvalstis.DarbībasKPC prioritātes būs Eiropas Savienībai stratēģiski nozīmīgās jomās un jomās, kurās tā devums rada augstu pievienoto vērtību. Turpināsies zinātniski tehniskais atbalsts ES politikai tādās pamatjomās kā ilgtspējīga attīstība, klimata pārmaiņas, pārtika, enerģētika, transports, ķīmiskas vielas, alternatīvas dzīvnieku izmantošanai izmēģinājumos, pētījumu politika, informācijas tehnoloģijas, references metodes un materiāli, biotehnoloģiskais risks, bīstamība un sociālekonomiskā ietekme. Izaugsme paredzēta šādās ES būtiskās jomās:- Pārticība uz zināšanām balstītā sabiedrībā- Veikt un pilnveidot progresīvus ekonometriskās modelēšanas un analīzes paņēmienus politikas definēšanas un uzraudzības kontekstā, piemēram, Lisabonas programmas izpildes pārbaude, iekšējā tirgus un pētniecības un izglītības politika;- izstrādāt modeļus, lai atbildīgā veidā atbalstītu jaunu līdzsvaru starp ilgtspējības mērķiem un konkurētspēju.- Solidaritāte un atbildīga resursu pārvaldība- Kļūt par atzītu zinātnes un tehnoloģiju etaloncentru ilgtspējīgas lauksaimniecības jomā, koncentrējoties uz pārtikas kvalitāti, izsekojamību un nekaitīgumu (ieskaitot ĢM pārtiku un lopbarību), zemes platību pārvaldību un savstarpējo atbilstību, kā arī atbalstīt KLP īstenošanu;- sniegt zinātniski tehnoloģisko atbalstu kopējai zivsaimniecības politikai;- sekmēt saskaņotu Eiropas ģeogrāfisko norāžu datu un telpiskās informācijas sistēmu nodrošinājumu (atbalsts INSPIRE ) un turpināt attīstīt jaunas pieejas globālajam vides un resursu monitoringam (atbalsts GMES );- atbalstīt ES Vides un veselības rīcības plāna īstenošanu, tostarp sniegt atbalstu darbībām, kas jau uzsāktas, lai izveidotu integrētu Kopienas vides un veselības informācijas sistēmu.- Drošība un brīvība- Sadarbībā ar tiesībsargājošām iestādēm un atbilstīgiem ES dienestiem izstrādāt darbības, kas palīdz iedibināt brīvību, tiesiskumu un drošību, jo īpaši teritorijās, kurās ir aktuāla cīņa pret terorismu, organizēto noziedzību un krāpšanu, robežu drošība un nozīmīga riska novēršana;- atbalstīt Kopienas rīcību dabas un tehnoloģisku katastrofu gadījumos.- Eiropa kā pasaules partneris- Pastiprināt atbalstu ES ārējai politikai konkrētās jomās, tādās kā iekšējās drošības ārējie aspekti, attīstības sadarbība un humānā palīdzība.II PIELIKUMS: PAREDZAMAIS SADALĪJUMS PA PROGRAMMĀMProgrammu paredzamais sadalījums ir šāds (EUR miljoni):Sadarbība*[24] | 44432 |Veselība | 8317 |Pārtika, lauksaimniecība un biotehnoloģija | 2455 |Informācijas un komunikācijas tehnoloģijas | 12670 |Nanozinātnes, nanotehnoloģijas, materiāli un jaunas ražošanas tehnoloģijas | 4832 |Enerģētika | 2931 |Vide (tostarp klimata pārmaiņas) | 2535 |Transports (tostarp aeronautika) | 5940 |Sociālekonomiskās zinātnes un humanitārās zinātnes | 792 |Drošība un kosmoss | 3960 |Idejas | 11862 |Cilvēki | 7129 |Iespējas | 7486 |Pētniecības infrastruktūra * | 3961 |Pētniecība MVU vajadzībām | 1901 |Zināšanu reģioni | 158 |Zinātniskais potenciāls | 554 |Zinātne sabiedrībā | 554 |Starptautiskās sadarbības pasākumi | 358 |Ar kodoljautājumiem nesaistītas Kopīgā pētniecības centra darbības | 1817 |KOPĀ | 72726 |* Ieskaitot piešķīrumu Eiropas Investīciju bankai III pielikumā minētā „Riska dalīšanas finanšu mehānisma” izveidei. Padomes lēmumos, ar ko pieņem veicinošās īpašās programmas, nosaka a) to maksimālo līdzdalību piešķīrumā un b) kārtību, kādā Komisija lemj par piešķīruma radīto ienākumu un tā atlikumu pārdali Septītās pamatprogrammas darbības laikā.III PIELIKUMSFINANSĒŠANAS SHĒMASNetiešie pasākumiSeptītajā pamatprogrammā atbalstītās darbības finansē, izmantojot vairākas „Finansēšanas shēmas”. Šīs shēmas – vai nu atsevišķi, vai kombinācijā ar citām – tiks izmantotas, lai finansētu dažādas visā Pamatprogrammā īstenoto darbību kategorijas.Lēmumos par īpašajām programmām, darba programmām un uzaicinājumiem iesniegt priekšlikumus attiecīgi tiks minēts:- shēmas (-u) veids (-i), ko izmanto, lai finansētu dažādas darbību kategorijas;- dalībnieku kategorijas (piemēram, pētniecības organizācijas, universitātes, rūpniecības uzņēmumi, valsts iestādes), uz kurām tā (-s) attiecas;- darbību veidi (pētniecība, attīstība, demonstrējumi, mācības, izplatīšana, zināšanu nodošana un tamlīdzīgas darbības), ko var finansēt katrā no shēmām.Ja var izmantot dažādas finansēšanas shēmas, darba programmās var noteikt finansēšanas shēmu, kas izmantojama attiecībā uz tematu, par kuru publicēts aicinājums iesniegt priekšlikumus.Finansēšanas shēmas ir šādas:a) lai atbalstītu darbības, kuras galvenokārt īsteno, pamatojoties uz uzaicinājumiem iesniegt priekšlikumus:1. Kopīgi projektiAtbalsts pētījumu projektiem, ko veic konsorciji, kurus veido dalībnieki no dažādām valstīm, lai izstrādātu jaunas zinātniskās atziņas, jaunas tehnoloģijas, produktus vai kopīgus pētniecības resursus. Projektu apjoms, darbības sfēra un iekšējā organizācija katrā jomā un katrā tematā var atšķirties. Projekti var būt, sākot ar neliela vai vidēja mēroga specifiskām pētniecības darbībām līdz plašākiem integrētiem projektiem, kas mobilizē ievērojamu resursu apjomu, lai sasniegtu iepriekšnoteiktu mērķi.2. Izcilības tīkliAtbalsts kopīgām pētniecības programmām, ko īsteno virkne pētniecības organizāciju, kuras integrē savas darbības noteiktā jomā, un veic pētniecības grupas ilgāka termiņa sadarbības ietvaros. Šo kopīgo programmu īstenošanai būs vajadzīgs oficiāls ieguldījums no organizācijām, kas integrē daļu no saviem resursiem un darbībām.3. Koordinācijas un atbalsta pasākumiAtbalsts darbībām, kuru mērķis ir koordinēt vai atbalstīt pētniecības darbības un politikas (tīklu veidošana, apmaiņa, starpvalstiska pētniecības infrastruktūras pieejamība, pētījumi, konferences u.tml.). Šos pasākumus var īstenot, izmantojot arī citus veidus, ne tikai uzaicinājumus iesniegt priekšlikumus.4. Individuālie projektiAtbalsts projektiem, ko veic individuālas pētniecības grupas. Šo shēmu galvenokārt izmantos, lai atbalstītu pētnieku ierosinātus „progresīvās” pētniecības projektus, ko finansē Eiropas Pētniecības padome.5. Atbalsts pētnieku sagatavošanai un profesionālajai izaugsmeiAtbalsts pētnieku mācībām un profesionālajai izaugsmei, ko galvenokārt izmanto Marijas Kirī vārdā nosaukto pasākumu īstenošanai.6. Pētniecība konkrētu grupu (jo īpaši MVU) vajadzībāmAtbalsts tādiem pētījumu projektiem, kuros lielāko daļu pētījumu konkrētu grupu, īpaši MVU vai to apvienību vajadzībām veic universitātes, pētījumu centri vai citi tiesību subjekti.b) lai atbalstītu darbības, ko īsteno, pamatojoties uz Padomes un Eiropas Parlamenta lēmumiem [25], kuru pamatā ir Komisijas priekšlikums, Kopiena sniegs finansiālu atbalstu dažādu avotu finansētām liela mēroga iniciatīvām.- Kopienas finansiālais ieguldījums skaidri noteiktu valsts pētniecības programmu kopīgai īstenošanai, pamatojoties uz Līguma 169. pantu. Lai būtu iespējama šāda kopīga īstenošana, jāveido vai jāizmanto jau esoša speciāla īstenošanas struktūra. Kopienas finansiālais atbalsts tiks sniegts atbilstīgi iepriekšnoteiktam finansēšanas plānam, pamatojoties uz kompetentu valsts iestāžu oficiālām saistībām.- Kopienas finansiālais ieguldījums Kopīgu tehnoloģijas iniciatīvu īstenošanai, lai sasniegtu mērķus, kurus nevar panākt ar iepriekš pirmajā punktā minētajām finansēšanas shēmām. Kopīgas tehnoloģijas iniciatīvas mobilizēs dažāda rakstura un dažādu avotu – privātā un valsts, Eiropas un attiecīgās dalībvalsts – finansējumu kombināciju. Finansējumam var būt dažādas formas un to var piešķirt vai mobilizēt, izmantojot virkni mehānismu: atbalstu no Pamatprogrammas, aizdevumus no Eiropas Investīciju bankas, atbalstu riska kapitālam. Kopīgās tehnoloģijas iniciatīvas var noteikt un īstenot, pamatojoties uz Līguma 171. pantu (kas var ietvert kopuzņēmumu izveidi) vai saistībā ar lēmumu par īpašajām programmām. Kopienas atbalsts tiks sniegts atbilstīgi iepriekšnoteiktam vispārējam finansēšanas tehnikas plānam, pamatojoties uz visu attiecīgo pušu oficiālām saistībām.- Kopienas finansiāls ieguldījums jaunu Eiropas nozīmes infrastruktūru attīstībai. Šo ieguldījumu var noteikt, pamatojoties uz Līguma 171. pantu vai saistībā ar lēmumiem par īpašajām programmām. Jaunu infrastruktūru attīstība mobilizēs dažāda rakstura un dažādu avotu finansējumu kombināciju, ko veido valsts finansējums, Pamatprogramma, struktūrfondi, Eiropas Investīciju bankas aizdevumi un tamlīdzīgi. Kopienas atbalsts tiks sniegts atbilstīgi iepriekšnoteiktam vispārējam finansēšanas plānam, pamatojoties uz visu attiecīgo pušu oficiālām saistībām.Kopiena īstenos finansēšanas shēmas saskaņā ar noteikumiem regulā, kas pieņemta atbilstīgi Līguma 167. pantam, atbilstošiem valsts atbalsta instrumentiem, jo īpaši Kopienas nostādnēm par valsts atbalstu pētniecībai un attīstībai, kā arī starptautiskiem noteikumiem šajā jomā. Saskaņā ar šiem starptautiskajiem noteikumiem būs jāspēj pielāgot finansiālās līdzdalības apjomu un veidu katrā atsevišķajā gadījumā, jo īpaši, ja ir pieejams finansējums no citiem valsts sektora avotiem, to skaitā citiem Kopienas finansējuma avotiem, piemēram, Eiropas Investīciju bankas (EIB).Papildus tiešam finansiālam dalībnieku atbalstam Kopiena uzlabos tiem EIB aizdevumu pieejamību, izmantojot „Riska dalīšanas finanšu mehānismu”, sniedzot Bankai piešķīrumu. Banka papildus pašas finansējumam izmanto Kopienas piešķīrumu, lai segtu aizdevuma finansēšanas sagatavošanu un kapitāla sadali. Saskaņā ar kārtību, ko izveido ar regulu, kuru pieņem atbilstīgi Līguma 167. pantam un Padomes lēmumiem, ar ko pieņem īpašās programmas, šis mehānisms ļauj EIB izmantot plašākas aizdevuma iespējas Eiropas darbībām pētniecības un tehnoloģiju jomā (piemēram, kopīgām tehnoloģijas iniciatīvām, lielus projektus ietverošiem EUREKA projektiem un jaunām pētniecības infrastruktūrām).Tāda netieša pasākuma dalībniekiem, kas izveidots mazāk attīstītā reģionā (konverģences reģioni un attālāki reģioni[26]), iespēju un vajadzības gadījumos tiks mobilizēts papildfinansējums no struktūrfondiem. Attiecībā uz kandidātvalstu vienību līdzdalību, ievērojot līdzīgus nosacījumus, var piešķirt papildu iemaksu no pirmspievienošanās finanšu instrumentiem. Attiecībā uz pasākumiem Septītās pamatprogrammas „Iespēju” programmas „pētniecības infrastruktūras” daļā tiks sīki noteikti finansēšanas nosacījumi, lai nodrošinātu, ka Kopienas finansējums pētniecībai un citi ES un valstu instrumenti, jo īpaši struktūrfondi, efektīvi papildina cits citu.Tiešie pasākumiKopiena īstenos darbības ar Kopīgā pētniecības centra starpniecību, kuras apzīmē kā tiešos pasākumus.LEGISLATIVE FINANCIAL STATEMENTNAME OF THE PROPOSAL :Proposal for a Decision of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the seventh framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2007 to 2013) – Building the Europe of KnowledgeABM / ABB FRAMEWORKRESEARCH, ENTREPRISE, ENERGY AND TRANSPORT. INFORMATION SOCIETY. DIRECT RESEARCH and FISHERIESBUDGET LINESBudget lines (operational lines and related technical and administrative assistance lines) including headings :Titles: 02, 06, 08, 09, 10 and 11Duration of the action and of the financial impact:2007-2013 subject to the approval of new financial perspectives frameworkBudgetary characteristics ( add rows if necessary ):Budget line | Type of expenditure | New | EFTA contribution | Contributions from applicant countries | Heading in financial perspective |02, 06, 08, 09, 10 and 11 | Non-comp | Diff[27]/ | NO | YES | YES | No [1a] |XX.01 | Comp/ | Non-diff[28] | NO | NO | NO | No [ 1a...] |XX.01.05 | Non-comp | Non-diff | NO | YES | YES | No [ 1a...] |SUMMARY OF RESOURCESFinancial ResourcesSummary of commitment appropriations (CA) and payment appropriations (PA)EUR million (to 3 decimal places) CASH PRICESAdministrative expenditure not included in reference amount[31] |Human resources and associated expenditure (NDA) | 8.2.5 d | 11,633 | 11,866 | 12,103 | 12,345 | 12,592 | 12,844 | 13,101 | 86,483 |Administrative costs, other than human resources and associated costs, not included in reference amount (NDA) | 8.2.6 e | 0,807 | 0,824 | 0,840 | 0,857 | 0,874 | 0,891 | 0,909 | 6,002 |Total indicative financial cost of interventionTOTAL CA including cost of Human Resources | a+c+d+e | 5.674,377 | 7.183,791 | 8.677,340 | 10.316,316 | 11.981,867 | 13.605,871 | 15.378,756 | 72.818,319 |TOTAL PA including cost of Human Resources | b+c+d+e |Co-financing detailsIf the proposal involves co-financing by Member States, or other bodies (please specify which), an estimate of the level of this co-financing should be indicated in the table below (additional lines may be added if different bodies are foreseen for the provision of the co-financing):EUR million (to 3 decimal places)Co-financing body | Year n | n + 1 | n + 2 | n + 3 | n + 4 | n + 5 and later | Total |........................ | f |TOTAL CA including co-financing | a+c+d+e+f |Compatibility with Financial Programming( Proposal is compatible with next financial programming (Commission’s February 2004 Communication on the financial perspectives 2007-2013 COM (2004) 101).( Proposal will entail reprogramming of the relevant heading in the financial perspective.( Proposal may require application of the provisions of the Interinstitutional Agreement[32] (i.e. flexibility instrument or revision of the financial perspective).Financial impact on Revenue( Proposal has no financial implications on revenue( Proposal has financial impact – the effect on revenue is as follows:Certain Associated States may contribute to the funding of the framework programmes.In accordance with Article 161 of the Financial Regulation, the Joint Research Centre may benefit from revenue from various types of competitive activities and from other services provided for outside bodies.In accordance with Article 18 of the Financial Regulation, certain revenue may be used to finance specific items.NB: All details and observations relating to the method of calculating the effect on revenue should be shown in a separate annex.EUR million (to one decimal place)Prior to action [Year n-1] | Situation following action |Total number of human resources |CHARACTERISTICS AND OBJECTIVESDetails of the context of the proposal are required in the Explanatory Memorandum. This section of the Legislative Financial Statement should include the following specific complementary information:Need to be met in the short or long termThe 7th Framework Programme will be an integral part of the EU efforts towards the knowledge economy and society in Europe, together with other specific endeavours on education, training and innovation. The elaboration of the objectives, as illustrated in the Communication COM (2004) 353 of 16.6.2004 on the future European research policy and very favourably viewed by the stakeholders and the other European institutions, is at the basis of the Commission proposal for the 7th Framework Programme.The 7th Framework Programme is characterised both by continuity with the current FP6 (e.g. in the context of the collaborative research) and the introduction of novel elements at the level of content and instruments to address the arising needs at EU level (e.g. support to new infrastructures, co-ordination of national research programmes on a large scale, Joint Technology Initiatives, European Research Council).The 7th Framework Programme addresses the main components of European research, namely cooperative research, basic research, human resources and research capacities (including infrastructures, specific SME measures, Science in Society aspects, support to regions etc). The main instruments to be used will be the known ones, with important efforts already undertaken and more envisaged to simplify all procedures of the Framework Programme and make them friendlier for the proposers.These elements are lucidly presented in the Explanatory Memorandum and in the Communication “Building the ERA of Knowledge for Growth” that is put forward at the same moment as the Commission proposals for the 7th Framework Programme.Value-added of Community involvement and coherence of the proposal with other financial instruments and possible synergyIntervention at EU level is justified in the field of R&D policy. There are a number of cases where it can be more effective to provide support for research at EU level than at national level. Some research activities are of such a scale that no single Member State can provide the necessary resources and expertise. In these cases, EU projects can allow research to achieve the required “critical mass”, while lowering commercial risk and producing a leverage effect on private investment. EU-scale actions also play an important role in transferring skills and knowledge across frontiers. This helps to foster excellence in research and development through enhancing capability, quality and EU-wide competition, as well as improving human capacity in S&T through training, mobility and European career development. EU support can also contribute to a better integration of European R&D, by encouraging the coordination of national policies, by the EU-wide dissemination of results, and by funding research for pan-European policy challenges.An in-depth analysis is provided in the “Impact Assessment and Ex Ante Evaluation Report for the Commission proposals for the Council and European Parliament decisions on the 7th Framework Programme (EC and Euratom)”. This document represents a technical annex to the legislative proposal in the form of a staff working document. A whole chapter is dedicated to this question (see its Annex 1, chapter 3). The report also addresses alternative options for Community intervention and the impacts likely to result from each policy option.The 7th Framework Programme will involve new modes of support for research activities. These will be complementary to the support to be provided by the European Investment Bank, the Structural Funds, national and regional schemes. More information is included in the Communication “Building the ERA of Knowledge for Growth” (see above) and in the Explanatory Memorandum.Objectives, expected results and related indicators of the proposal in the context of the ABM framework“Reinvigorating” the Lisbon agenda is a key goal of the EU and the European Commission for the coming years. This implies, as a first priority, the full realisation of the knowledge society. In the same direction, the strategic objectives of the College, COM (2005) 12 final, have highlighted the importance of research and development as one of the key drivers of prosperity and growth. In particular this will mean the Union committing to invest 3% of GDP in research, with one third coming from the public sector. This message is reinforced by the Communication on ‘A new start for the Lisbon Strategy’ COM (2005)24.The objectives set out here are therefore aimed precisely at supporting the aims of the Lisbon agenda through Community funded research activities. It has been demonstrated that such research plays a critically important role in promoting growth and prosperity, building the European knowledge base including research capacities and developing an integrated and strengthened European Research Area.Objectives are in the following areas:I. CooperationSupport will be given to the whole range of research activities carried out in transnational cooperation, from collaborative projects and networks to the coordination of research programmes. International cooperation between the EU and third countries is an integral part of this action.1. Health: Improving the health of European citizens and increasing the competitiveness of European health-related industries and businesses, while addressing global health issues including emerging epidemics. Emphasis will be put on translational research (translation of basic discoveries in clinical applications), the development and validation of new therapies, methods for health promotion and prevention, diagnostic tools and technologies, as well as sustainable and efficient healthcare systems.2. Food, agriculture and biotechnology: Building a European Knowledge Based Bio-Economy (includes all industries and economic sectors that produce, manage and otherwise exploit biological resources and related services, supply or consumer industries, such as agriculture, food, fisheries, forestry, etc.) by bringing together science, industry and other stakeholders, to exploit new and emerging research opportunities that address social and economic challenges: the growing demand for safer healthier and higher quality food and for sustainable use and production of renewable bio-resources; the increasing risk of epizootic and zoonotic diseases and food related disorders; threats to the sustainability and security of agricultural production resulting in particular from climate change; and the increasing demand for high quality food, taking into account animal welfare and rural contexts.3. Information and communication technologies: To enable Europe to master and shape the future developments of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) so that the demands of its society and economy are met. Activities will strengthen Europe’s scientific and technology base in ICT, help drive and stimulate innovation through ICT use and ensure that ICT progress is rapidly transformed into benefits for Europe’s citizens, businesses, industry and governments.4. Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies: Improve the competitiveness of European industry and ensure its transformation from a resource-intensive to a knowledge-intensive industry, by generating breakthrough knowledge for new applications at the crossroads between different technologies and disciplines.5. Energy: Transforming the current fossil-fuel based energy system into a more sustainable one based on a diverse portfolio of energy sources and carriers combined with enhanced energy efficiency, to address the pressing challenges of security of supply and climate change, whilst increasing the competitiveness of Europe’s energy industries.6. Environment (including Climate Change) : Sustainable management of the environment and its resources through advancing our knowledge on the interactions between the biosphere, ecosystems and human activities, and developing new technologies, tools and services, in order to address in an integrated way global environmental issues . Emphasis will be put on prediction of climate, ecological, earth and ocean systems changes; on tools and technologies for monitoring, prevention and mitigation of environmental pressures and risks including on health, as well as for the conservation of the natural and man-made environment.7. Transport (including Aeronautics): Based on technological advances, develop integrated, “greener” and “smarter” pan-European transport systems for the benefit of the citizen and society, respecting the environment and natural resources; and securing and further developing the leading role attained by the European industries in the global market.8. Socio-Economic Sciences and the Humanities: Generating an in-depth, shared understanding of complex and interrelated socio-economic challenges Europe is confronted with, such as growth, employment and competitiveness, social cohesion and sustainability, quality of life and global interdependence, in particular with the view of providing an improved knowledge base for policies in the fields concerned.9. Security and Space :To develop the technologies and knowledge for building capabilities needed to ensure the security of citizens from threats such as terrorism, and crime, while respecting fundamental human rights; to ensure optimal and concerted use of available technologies to the benefit of European security; and to stimulate the co-operation of providers and users for security solutions.Supporting a European Space Programme focusing on applications such as GMES with benefits for citizens and for the competitiveness of the European space industry. This will contribute to the development of a European Space Policy, complementing efforts by Member States and by other key players, including the European Space Agency.II. IdeasThis programme will enhance the dynamism, creativity and excellence of European research at the frontier of knowledge. This will be done by supporting “investigator-driven” research projects carried out across all fields by individual teams in competition at the European level. Projects will be funded on the basis of proposals presented by researchers on subjects of their choice and evaluated on the sole criterion of excellence as judged by peer review.III. PeopleStrengthening, quantitatively and qualitatively, the human potential in research and technology in Europe, by stimulating people to enter into the researcher’s profession, encouraging European researchers to stay in Europe, and attracting to Europe researchers from the entire world, making Europe more attractive to the best researchers. This will be done by putting into place a coherent set of “Marie Curie” actions, addressing researchers at all stages of their careers, from initial research training to life long learning and career development.IV. CapacitiesResearch Infrastructures : Optimising the use and development of the best research infrastructures existing in Europe, and helping to create in all fields of science and technology new research infrastructures of pan-European interest needed by the European scientific community to remain at the forefront of the advancement of research, and able to help industry to strengthen its base of knowledge and its technological know how.Research For the Benefit of SMEs : Strengthening the innovation capacity of European SMEs and their contribution to the development of new technology based products and markets by helping them outsource research, increase their research efforts, extend their networks, better exploit research results and acquire technological know how.Regions of Knowledge : Strengthening the research potential of European regions, in particular by encouraging and supporting the development, across Europe, of regional “research-driven clusters” associating universities, research centres, enterprises and regional authorities.Research Potential: Stimulating the realisation of the full research potential of the enlarged Union by unlocking and developing the research potential in the EU’s convergence regions, and helping to strengthen the capacities of their researchers to successfully participate in research activities at EU level.Science In Society: With a view to building an effective and democratic European Knowledge society, the aim is to stimulate the harmonious integration of scientific and technological endeavour, and associated research policies in the European social web, by encouraging at European scale reflection and debate on science and technology, and their relation with society and culture.Activities of international co-operation : Support European competitiveness through strategic partnerships with third countries in selected fields of science and by engaging the best third country scientists to work in and with Europe as well as to address specific prolems that third countries face or that have a global character, on the basis of mutual interest and mutual benefit.V. Non Nuclear Actions of the Joint Research Centre:To provide customer driven scientific and technical support to the EU policy making process, ensuring support to the implementation and monitoring of existing policies and responding to new policy demands.Performance indicators : will be developed at three levels. Quantitative and qualitative indicators will be developed to show the path or direction of scientific and technical progress, such as new standards and tools, scientific techniques, patent applications and licence agreements new products, process and services.Management indicators will be developed to monitor performance internally and support senior management decision making. These could include level of budget execution, time to contract and time to payment.Outcome (impact) indicators will be used to assess the overall effectiveness of the research against high-level objectives. These could include assessment at the aggregate Framework Programme Level (e.g. impact on the achievement of the Lisbon, Goeteborg, Barcelona and other objectives) and assessment at the SP level (e.g. contribution made to EU S&T and economic performance).More information on this point is included in the Annex of the “Impact Assessment and Ex Ante Evaluation Report for the Commission proposals for the Council and European Parliament decisions on the 7th Framework Programme (EC and Euratom)”, Chapter 6: Towards an effective, user-friendly management and outcome-oriented new the 7th Framework Programme, Section 3: New programme evaluation and monitoring system.Method of Implementation (indicative)Show below the method(s)[34] chosen for the implementation of the action.( Centralised Management( Directly by the Commission( Indirectly by delegation to:( Executive Agencies( Bodies set up by the Communities as referred to in art. 185 of the Financial Regulation( National public-sector bodies/bodies with public-service mission (in part for some Marie Curie individual fellowships)ٱ Shared or decentralised managementٱ With Member statesٱ With Third countriesٱ Joint management with international organisations (please specify)Relevant comments:As a general principle when deciding on the most appropriate management structures, there must be clear lines of responsibility within the Commission and clean interfaces between the Commission and any separate management structures. In addition, where the link between the detailed follow-up of the actual projects funded and the development of S&T policy is clear, any shift of management away from the Commission services cannot go beyond “upstream” tasks supporting the submission and evaluation of proposals. Where this link between the individual project follow-up and the definition of scientific priorities is not direct or does not exist, management of the “downstream” tasks of making contracts and running the projects could be given to an executive agency.With this principle in mind, the following are proposed for the management of the various blocks of the Framework Programme:25. For actions deriving from Article 169 or Article 171 of the Treaty – notably for joint technological initiatives and new infrastructure actions - the management structures will be decided on a case-by-case basis according to the specific characteristics of the action concerned and will be created by the decisions establishing the actions and will involve management outside the Commission services.26. For all RTD projects, including collaborative research projects , the hypothesis used is that it will not be possible to manage with the status quo (i.e. full internal direct management with limited use of outsourcing through commercial contracts). In this case, for “upstream” implementation tasks an executive agency will be used. Tasks would include the reception and administrative management of proposals submitted, inviting and paying expert evaluators (chosen by the Commission), providing logistical support to proposal evaluation and possible further tasks, such as financial viability checking and provision of statistics. The continued possibility to sub-contract specific tasks to private companies (e.g. for the development of IT tools) will not be ruled out.The evaluation, contracting and project management of RTD projects, except for those identified in points (3), (4) and (5) below, would be carried out by the Commission services, in order to maintain the close link between such activities and policy formulation.27. For the frontier research and the European Research Council (ERC) , a scientific council will oversee the implementation of the programme from the scientific perspective; this will involve the preparation of the annual work programmes (which will be adopted by the Commission), the establishment of the peer review process and the quality control of project evaluation and selection. The administration of the programme and the tasks associated with the implementation of the individual projects will be assured by an executive agency .28. In the case of the mobility actions (other than the new scheme mentioned in point (5) below and SME-specific support actions , the Commission will handle the policy oversight and preparation of procedures and work programmes as well as the selection of projects and the budgets allocated to them. Both the upstream and the purely downstream contract management will be provided by an executive agency, which will take over the tasks of preparing, signing and administrative follow-up of contracts once the Commission has evaluated the proposals and decided which projects to fund. The feedback into the work programme, future programmes and other policy initiatives will be ensured by the Commission through monitoring and review at the project portfolio or sub-programme level, whereas the agency would deal with individual project-level management and payments.29. For the new scheme of co-funding of national mobility programmes, for policy reasons the Commission will retain full responsibility for the evaluation and funding decisions at the highest level (i.e. the decisions on which national programmes to co-fund ). The detailed implementation of the individual grant schemes under this heading will, though, be passed to the relevant national or regional public-sector bodies or private bodies with a public service mission established in the Member States, since there is no link from the individual grants to policy formulation.Flexibility should be maintained to allow the possibility of adapting these management arrangements depending on experience acquired during the first years of the 7th Framework Programme.MONITORING AND EVALUATIONMonitoring systemMonitoring of implementation management would be ensured by operational senior management within the Commission on a continuous basis with annual check points and using a common set of management performance indicators. Adequate resource would be given to this process. The annual results of this exercise will be used to inform senior management and as an input to the multi-annual assessment exercise.The requirements and systems for data collection regarding proposal evaluation and contract preparation are currently under review given the needs of providing a robust and simplified data set while imposing minimum burden on research programme participants.EvaluationEx-ante evaluationIn line with the Commission requirements, an ex ante evaluation of the 7th Framework Programme legislative proposals has been undertaken. This evaluation is incorporated in the overall Impact Assessment report of the European Commission’s proposals for the European parliament and Council decisions on the 7th Framework Programme (EC and EURATOM).The 7th Framework Programme Impact Assessment exercise was based upon inputs from stakeholders, internal and external evaluation and other studies, and contributions from recognised European evaluation and impact assessment experts. The Impact Assessment exercise covered the period from April 2004 to April 2005. It was conducted and monitored by the Commission services with the help of a number of external experts.Measures taken following an intermediate/ex-post evaluation (lessons learned from similar experiences in the past)A Five Year Assessment of the implementation and achievements of Community research over the five preceding years was carried out between June-December 2004 by a panel of independent high level experts. The assessment was based on analysis of an extensive database of evaluation and policy reports concerning Community research, 8 separate studies and analyses prepared specifically as inputs to the assessment exercise; interviews with and presentations by Commission staff; and discussion by panel members within their own constituencies.The results of the Five Year Assessment were made available on 10 February 2005 and on XX/XX/2005 , the Commission communicated the conclusions of the assessment, accompanied by its observations, to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.A synthesis of the key findings of the Five Year Assessment report and how these have been integrated into the proposal (in italics) are as follows:- It was noted that the Framework Programmes have provided a major contribution to Europe’s knowledge base and the restructuring of Europe’s research system to be more innovative and that the Commission’s proposal to substantially increase the European research budget in the future is a welcome step in the right direction. The proposal is for a substantial increase in funding of the Framework.- It was recommended that a clearer vision or articulation of what EU research aims to achieve is needed to help set clear objectives, define precisely the Added Value for Europe, reinforce the impetus given by the European Research Area and get the necessary support from the public for these activities. The proposal is accompanied by a specific Communication to describe the relationship between knowledge creation and growth and has been developed in parallel with, the ex ante Impact Assessment which gives a clear and detailed statement on the expected benefits from the proposed research activities.- It was recommended that the industrial orientation and participation in the Framework Programme must be enhanced to help strengthen European competitiveness. Links to other EU policies are needed such as intellectual property rights (IPR), state aid rules and also encouragement of public-private collaboration such as through joint technology initiatives. The proposal reflects the need for a strengthened and simplified approach to Community research funding with detailed attention to the needs of the industrial sector, including different types of industrial participant such as large firms and SMEs. The promotion of joint technology initiatives is one of the innovative features to promote industrial participation in the programme.- It was recommended that excelling in science and developing human resources for research will be crucial for further development of the knowledge-based society. This will require the extension in scale and scope of human resources and mobility programmes. The proposal reflects this need through the enhanced measures for human resources development with the commitment for more flexibility and greater articulation between the public and private sectors. It is also proposed to create a European Research Council to promote riskier research and excellence in science.- It was recommended that enhancing citizens trust in science, technology and innovation and better understanding of the legitimacy of research policies are necessary to tackle society’s concerns appropriately by science and research policy objectives. Impacts and actual results should be communicated to the public at large in a meaningful manner. The proposal reflects these needs through a specific approach to Science in Society as one of the activities under ‘Capacities’.- Simplifying the access and participation to the Framework Programme, notably through the streamlining of its administration, is essential to reinforce its positive role in the EU research landscape. This is not least true for the new Member States which face particular problems that are to be addressed. For reasons of continuity, it was recommended to maintain the current implementation instruments . Extensive efforts are ongoing towards a major simplification of Framework Programme procedures, the proposed results of which are incorporated throughout the proposal.Terms and frequency of future evaluationNot later than 2010, the Commission shall carry out with the assistance of external experts, an interim evaluation of the seventh framework programme and its specific programmes on the quality of the research activities under way and progress towards the objectives set.A coordinated programme of studies for: horizontal assessments of such topics as the impact of research on issues such as productivity, competitiveness and employment; structuring effects of the Framework Programme on the ERA (fragmentation, excellence, coordination) through the formation and development of commercial and knowledge networks, and the creation and support to infrastructures; and the impact of Community research on strategic decision making in companies and research organisations and national, European and regional authorities; assessment of impact and achievements at portfolio, programme and higher levels against the strategic objectives and indicators that are set within a clearly defined programme logic.Two years following the completion of this framework programme, the Commission shall have carried out an external evaluation by independent experts of its rationale, implementation and achievements. This would be supported by a coherent set of independent studies, the interim evaluation and other evaluation activities carried out over the life-time of the Framework Programme, as listed above. The report of this exercise would be presented to all interested stakeholders, including the Parliament and Council. Furthermore, this report could feed into future ex ante evaluation and impact assessments by the Commission.An independent ex post programme evaluation would be undertaken 2 years after the end of the 6th Framework Programme.Evaluation methods to include: expert panels; sampled analyses, case studies and surveys; longitudinal studies; studies coordinated with Members States; where appropriate, cost-benefit analysis or follow-on macroeconomic impact analysis.ANTI-FRAUD MEASURESMeasures will be taken to ensure that the same anti-fraud measures taken in the sixth framework programmes’ rules for participation and contracts will be brought forward and reinforced in the seventh framework programmes. These include measures such a financial collective responsibility, sanctions against overcharging, measures to ensure the effective recovery of amounts due to the Commission, and administrative and legal measures taken to ensure full compliance with the Financial Regulation and its provisions regarding procedures for selecting and financing grants and services rendered to the Commission.DETAILS OF RESOURCESObjectives of the proposal in terms of their financial costCommitment appropriations in EUR million (to 3 decimal places) Cash prices[35]Description of tasks deriving from the actionImplementation of the Framework ProgrammeSources of human resources (statutory)(When more than one source is stated, please indicate the number of posts originating from each of the sources)( Posts currently allocated to the management of the programme to be replaced or extended( Posts pre-allocated within the APS/PDB exercise for year 2005( Posts to be requested in the next APS/PDB procedure (14 posts for 2006)( Posts to be redeployed using existing resources within the managing service (internal redeployment)( Posts required for year n although not foreseen in the APS/PDB exercise of the year in question Other Administrative expenditure included in reference amount (XX 01 05 – Expenditure on administrative management)EUR million (to 3 decimal places) Cash PricesXX 01 02 11 02 – Meetings & Conferences | 0,010 | 0,010 | 0,011 | 0,011 | 0,011 | 0.023 | 0,076 |XX 01 02 11 03 – Committees[41] | 0,478 | 0,487 | 0,497 | 0,507 | 0,517 | 1.065 | 3,550 |XX 01 02 11 04 – Studies & consultations |XX 01 02 11 05 - Information systems |2 Total Other Management Expenditure (XX 01 02 11) |3 Other expenditure of an administrative nature (specify including reference to budget line) |Total Administrative expenditure, other than human resources and associated costs (NOT included in reference amount) | 0,807 | 0,824 | 0,840 | 0,857 | 0,874 | 1.801 | 6,002 |Calculation - Other administrative expenditure not included in reference amountThese figures are estimated on the basis of the 2006 DG RTD requests increased of the 2% for the yearly foreseen inflation. (Fiche 1 REV)The needs for human and administrative resources shall be covered within the allocation granted to the managing DG in the framework of the annual allocation procedure.PASKAIDROJUMA RAKSTS1. Priekšlikuma kontekstsšā priekšlikuma politiskais konteksts un mērķi ir izklāstīti paziņojumā „Uz zinātnes atziņām balstītas Eiropas Pētniecības telpas veidošana izaugsmei”[42], ko tajā pašā laikā iesniegusi Komisija.Zināšanas ir Lisabonas stratēģijas darba kārtības centrā un ir visu tās elementu pamatā. Pētniecība un tehnoloģijas kopā ar izglītību un jauninājumiem ir „zināšanu trīsstūra” sastāvdaļas.Lai kļūtu par „konkurētspējīgāko un dinamiskāko uz zinātnes atziņām balstīto ekonomiku pasaulē”, vienlaicīgi saglabājot „Eiropas modeļa” pieeju, Eiropai ir jāpalielina savi izdevumi pētniecībai līdz 3 % no ES IKP un labāk jāizmanto savas iespējas šajā jomā, pārvēršot zinātniskos rezultātus jaunos produktos, procesos un pakalpojumos.ES vienlaikus ar dalībvalstīm un ciešā sadarbībā ar tām jāapvieno savi tiesiskie un finansiālie līdzekļi šā mērķa sasniegšanai, sākot ar pētniecības pamatprogrammu.2. Iepriekšēja apspriešanāsSagatavojot pašreizējos priekšlikumus, Komisija ir ņēmusi vērā citu ES iestāžu izteiktos atzinumus, jo īpaši Eiropas Parlamenta un dalībvalstu atzinumus, kā arī citu ieinteresēto personu viedokļus, kas iegūti plašā apspriedē, tostarp ar zinātnisko aprindu un rūpniecības pārstāvjiem.Šis priekšlikums arī pamatojas uz padziļinātu ietekmes novērtējumu. Minētais ietekmes novērtējums balstījās uz ieinteresēto personu sniegto ieguldījumu, iekšējiem un ārējiem novērtējumiem un citiem pētījumiem, kā arī atzītu Eiropas izvērtēšanas un ietekmes novērtējuma ekspertu ieguldījumu.Novērtējumā konstatēts, ka Eiropa saskaras ar daudzām ekonomikas, sociālām un vides problēmām, ko palīdz risināt zinātne un tehnoloģijas, ka Eiropas zinātnes un tehnoloģiju sistēmai tomēr ir trūkumi un ka ES veiksmīgi atbalstījusi pētniecību, īstenojot iepriekšējās pamatprogrammas.3. Tiesiskie aspektiPriekšlikums Euratom pamatprogrammai, kas aptver laikposmu no 2007. līdz 2011. gadam, pamatojas uz Euratom līguma 7. pantu. Saskaņā ar minētā panta otro daļu pētniecības programmas tiek izstrādātas laikposmam, kas nepārsniedz piecus gadus. Tādēļ Komisijas šābrīža priekšlikumā Euratom pamatprogrammai paredzēts no EK pamatprogrammas atšķirīgs darbības ilgums.Komisija izvirza priekšlikumu, ka šo pamatprogrammu var pagarināt uz laikposmu no 2012. līdz 2013. gadam saskaņā ar paredzēto tiesisko procedūru, ja nerodas citādi apstākļi.Lai nostiprinātu izcilību un paaugstinātu pētniecības vidējo līmeni Eiropā, pamatprincips ir veicināt, organizēt un izmantot pētniecībā visus sadarbības veidus, sākot no sadarbības kopīgajos projektos un tīklos līdz valstu pētniecības programmu koordinācijai, konkurencei Eiropas līmenī, kā arī plašu tehnoloģisko iniciatīvu kopīgajai īstenošanai un Eiropas mēroga un nozīmes infrastruktūras vienotajai attīstībai.Euratom pamatprogrammā īstenotie pasākumi papildina tos pasākumus, ko dalībvalstis veic kodolenerģijas jomā.Principā Euratom pamatprogrammā ir piemērojami visi EK pamatprogrammas noteikumi (piemēram, attiecībā uz finansēšanas shēmām), ja vien tie nav saistīti ar tādiem EK Līguma pantiem, kuriem nav ekvivalentu Euratom līgumā. Papildus tam attiecīgos gadījumos piemēro Euratom līguma īpašos noteikumus.4. Iespaids uz budžetušim lēmumam pievienotajā „Tiesību akta finanšu pārskatā” izklāstīta ietekme uz budžetu, kā arī cilvēkresursiem un administratīvajiem resursiem, ietverot arī laikposmu no 2012. līdz 2013. gadam.5. VienkāršošanaGalvenā Septītās pamatprogrammas atšķirība no iepriekšējām programmām ir tās īstenošanas būtiska vienkāršošana. Attiecībā uz to paredzētie pasākumi ir aprakstīti īstenošanas darba dokumentā, kas ir pievienots šim priekšlikumam. Tie aptvers pilnu finansēšanas ciklu, ieskaitot finansēšanas shēmu, administratīvo un finanšu noteikumu un procedūru vienkāršošanu, kā arī dokumentu lasāmību un lietotājdraudzīgumu. Komisija paredz izmantot izpildaģentūru, kas izveidota saskaņā ar EK Septīto pamatprogrammu, lai veiktu dažus uzdevumus, ko pašreiz veic Komisijā, bet kas atzīti par piemērotiem ārpakalpojumu izmantošanai.6. SatursEuratom pamatprogramma ir iedalīta divās īpašās programmās.Viena no tām aptver divas jomas:- pētniecība kodolsintēzes jomā, lai izstrādātu droša, ilgtspējīga, videi nekaitīga un ekonomiski stabila enerģijas avota tehnoloģiju.- kodoldalīšanās un aizsardzība pret radiāciju, lai veicinātu kodoldalīšanās un citu radiācijas izmantojumu veidu drošu izmantošanu un ekspluatāciju rūpniecībā un medicīnā.Otra saistīta ar Kopīgā pētniecības centra darbībām kodolenerģijas jomā. Šajā jomā mērķis ir sniegt zinātnisko un tehnoloģisko atbalstu politikas veidošanas procesā kodolenerģijas jomā, nodrošinot stabilu atbalstu pastāvošo politiku īstenošanai, pielāgojoties mainīgām politikas vajadzībām.2005/0044 (CNS)PriekšlikumsPADOMES LĒMUMSpar Eiropas Atomenerģijas kopienas ( Euratom ) Septīto pamatprogrammu par kodolpētniecības un mācību pasākumiem (no 2007. līdz 2011. gadam)EIROPAS SAVIENĪBAS PADOME,ņemot vērā Eiropas Atomenerģijas kopienas dibināšanas līgumu un jo īpaši tā 7. pantu,ņemot vērā Komisijas priekšlikumu[43],ņemot vērā Eiropas Parlamenta atzinumu[44],ņemot vērā Eiropas Ekonomikas un sociālo lietu komitejas atzinumu[45],tā kā(1) Kopīgi valstu un Eiropas centieni pētniecības un mācību jomā ir būtiski, lai veicinātu un nodrošinātu ekonomisko izaugsmi un pilsoņu labklājību Eiropā.(2) Septītā pamatprogramma papildina citas ES darbības pētniecības politikas jomā, kas vajadzīgas, lai īstenotu Lisabonas stratēģiju, jo īpaši tās, kas saistītas ar izglītību, mācībām, konkurētspēju un jauninājumiem, rūpniecību, nodarbinātību un vidi.(3) šī pamatprogramma pamatojas uz tās priekšteces sasniegumiem Eiropas Pētniecības telpas izveidē un turpina tos, lai attīstītu uz zinātnes atziņām balstītu ekonomiku un sabiedrību Eiropā.(5) Komisijas Zaļajā grāmatā par Eiropas stratēģiju drošai energoapgādei uzsvērts ieguldījums, ko dod kodolenerģētika, lai samazinātu siltumnīcefekta gāzu emisijas un mazinātu Eiropas atkarību no enerģijas importa.(6) Atsaucoties uz Padomes 2004. gada 26. novembra lēmumu, ar ko groza ITER sarunu direktīvas[46], ITER īstenošana Eiropā, izmantojot plašāku pieeju kodolsintēzes enerģijai, būs galvenā iezīme Septītajā pamatprogrammā kodolsintēzes pētniecības jomā veiktajām darbībām.(7) Septītās pamatprogrammas īstenošana var radīt vajadzību veidot kopuzņēmumus Līguma II sadaļas 5. nodaļas izpratnē.(8) Šajā pamatprogrammā atbalstītajos pētījumos jāievēro ētikas pamatprincipi, tostarp tie, kas iekļauti Eiropas Savienības Pamattiesību hartā. Ir ņemti vērā atzinumi, ko sniegusi Eiropas grupa par dabaszinātņu ētiku un jaunām tehnoloģijām, un tas tiks darīts arī turpmāk.(9) Šajā tiesību aktā ir noteikta finanšu struktūra visam programmas darbības laikam, kas ir galvenais atskaites punkts budžeta iestādei nozīmē, kas paredzēta [...] punktā Eiropas Parlamenta, Padomes un Komisijas [...] iestāžu nolīgumā par budžeta disciplīnu un budžeta procedūras uzlabošanu.(10) Komisija 2005. gada [...] ir iesniegusi ārējā novērtējuma slēdzienus attiecībā uz to Kopienas pasākumu īstenošanu un rezultātiem, kas veikti piecu gadu laikā pirms minētā novērtējuma, kā arī savus apsvērumus.(11) Ir svarīgi nodrošināt pareizu Septītās pamatprogrammas finanšu vadību un tās īstenošanu visefektīvākajā un lietotājam draudzīgākajā, kā arī visiem dalībniekiem viegli pieejamā veidā.(12) Septītajā pamatprogrammā tiks veltīta pienācīga uzmanība sieviešu lomai zinātnē un pētniecībā, lai turpinātu veicināt sieviešu aktīvu līdzdalību pētniecībā.(13) Kopīgajam Pētniecības centram jāveicina iepriekš minēto mērķu sasniegšana, veicot tiešās darbības un sniedzot uz klientu orientētu atbalstu ES politikas īstenošanā.(14) Lai panāktu savstarpēju ieguvumu, ir svarīga Eiropas pētniecības darbību starptautiskā un pasaules dimensija. Septītajā pamatprogrammā var piedalīties valstis, kas šajā sakarā noslēgušas vajadzīgos nolīgumus, un projektu līmenī uz savstarpēja izdevīguma pamata var piedalīties personas no trešām valstīm, kā arī no starptautiskām zinātniskās sadarbības organizācijām.(15) Septītajai pamatprogrammai jāveicina paplašināšanās, sniedzot zinātnisku un tehnoloģisku atbalstu kandidātvalstīm Kopienas acquis īstenošanai un integrācijai Eiropas Pētniecības telpā.(16) Jāveic arī atbilstoši pasākumi, lai novērstu nelikumības un krāpšanu, kā arī pasākumi, kas vajadzīgi, lai atgūtu zaudētos, nepamatoti izmaksātos vai nepareizi izlietotos līdzekļus saskaņā ar Padomes 1995. gada 18. decembra Regulu (EK, Euratom) Nr. 2988/95 par Eiropas Kopienu finanšu interešu aizsardzību[47], 1996. gada 11. novembra Regulu (Euratom, EK) Nr. 2185/96 par pārbaudēm un apskatēm uz vietas, ko Komisija veic, lai aizsargātu Eiropas Kopienu finanšu intereses pret krāpšanu un citām nelikumībām[48], un Eiropas Parlamenta un Padomes Regulu (EK) Nr. 1073/1999 par izmeklēšanu, ko veic Eiropas Birojs krāpšanas apkarošanai (OLAF)[49].(17) Komisija ir apspriedusies ar Zinātnes un tehnikas komiteju, kas ir sniegusi savu atzinumu,IR PIEŅĒMUSI ŠO LĒMUMU.1. pantsPētniecības un mācību pamatprogrammas izveideAr šo laikposmam no 2007. gada 1. janvāra līdz 2011. gada 31. decembrim tiek izveidota daudzgadu pamatprogramma pētniecības un mācību darbībām kodolenerģijas jomā, turpmāk tekstā – „Septītā pamatprogramma”.2. pantsMērķi1. Veicinot uz zinātnes atziņām balstītas sabiedrības veidošanu, pamatojoties uz Eiropas Pētniecības telpu, Septītajā pamatprogrammā ievēro Līguma 1. pantā un 2. panta a) punktā noteiktos mērķus.2. Septītā pamatprogramma ietver Kopienas pētniecību, tehnoģiju attīstību, starptautisko sadarbību, tehniskās informācijas izplatīšanas un ekspluatācijas darbības, kā arī mācības, kas tiks noteiktas divās īpašās programmās:Pirmā programma attiecas uz šādām jomām:30. pētniecība kodolsintēzes jomā, lai izstrādātu droša, ilgtspējīga, videi nekaitīga un ekonomiski stabila enerģijas avota tehnoloģiju;31. kodoldalīšanās un aizsardzība pret radiāciju, lai veicinātu kodoldalīšanās un citu radiācijas izmantojumu veidu drošu izmantošanu un ekspluatāciju rūpniecībā un medicīnā.Otra saistīta ar Kopīgā pētniecības centra darbībām kodolenerģijas jomā.3. Minēto programmu vispārīgs apraksts sniegts I pielikumā.3. pantsMaksimālais kopējais apjoms un katrai programmai piešķirtā finansējuma īpatsvars3. Kopējais apmērs Septītās pamatprogrammas īstenošanai laikposmam no 2007. līdz 2011. gadam ir EUR 3092 miljoni. Minētās summas sadalījums ir šāds (EUR miljoni):Kodolsintēzes enerģijas pētniecība | 2159 |Kodoldalīšanās un aizsardzība pret radiāciju | 394 |Kopīgā pētniecības centra darbības kodolenerģijas jomā | 539 |32. 2. Sīki izstrādāti noteikumi Kopienas finansiālai līdzdalībai šajā pamatprogrammā ir noteikti II pielikumā.4. pantsKopienas finanšu interešu aizsardzībaAttiecībā uz Kopienas darbībām, ko finansē saskaņā ar šo lēmumu, Kopienas tiesību normas pārkāpuma gadījumā, ieskaitot saistībā ar šo programmu paredzēto līgumsaistību pārkāpumu, kuru rada kāda uzņēmēja rīcība vai nolaidība, kas kaitē vai varētu kaitēt Eiropas Kopienu vispārējam budžetam vai to pārvaldītiem budžetiem, radot nepamatotus izdevumus, piemēro Regulu (EK, Euratom) Nr. 2988/95 un Regulu (EK, Euratom) Nr. 2185/96.5. pantsVisi pētījumi, ko veic saskaņā ar Septīto pamatprogrammu, jāveic saskaņā ar ētikas pamatprincipiem.6. pantsUzraudzība, novērtēšana un pārskatīšana1. Ne vēlāk kā 2010. gadā Komisija ar ārējo ekspertu palīdzību veic šīs pamatprogrammas un tās īpašo programmu starpposma novērtējumu attiecībā uz notiekošo pētniecības darbību kvalitāti, virzību uz nospraustajiem mērķiem un sasniegtajiem zinātniskajiem un tehniskajiem rezultātiem.2. Pēc šīs pamatprogrammas pabeigšanas Komisija veic programmas pamatojuma, īstenošanas un sasniegumu ārējo novērtējumu, pieaicinot neatkarīgus ekspertus.Komisija minētā novērtējuma secinājumus, pievienojot savus apsvērumus, dara zināmus Eiropas Parlamentam, Padomei, Ekonomikas un sociālo lietu komitejai un Reģionu komitejai.Briselē,Padomes vārdā —priekšsēdētājsI PIELIKUMSZINĀTNES UN TEHNOLOĢIJU MĒRĶI, TĒMAS UN DARBĪBASIEVADSEURATOM Septīto pētniecības pamatprogrammu veido divas daļas, kas atbilst „netiešajiem” pasākumiem kodolsintēzes pētniecības jomā un saistībā ar kodoldalīšanos un aizsardzību pret radiāciju, kā arī Kopīgā pētniecības centra „tiešajām” pētniecības darbībām.KODOLSINTēZES ENERģIJAS PēTNIECīBAMērķisIzstrādāt zināšanu bāzi un īstenot ITER kā galveno pasākumu, lai izveidotu drošu, ilgtspējīgu, videi nekaitīgu un ekonomiski stabilu spēkstaciju reaktoru prototipus.PamatojumsEiropas energoapgādē pastāv būtiski trūkumi saistībā ar tuvākā laikposma, vidēja termiņa un ilgtermiņa apsvērumiem. Jo īpaši vajadzīgi pasākumi, lai risinātu jautājumus saistībā ar apgādes drošību, klimata pārmaiņām un ilgtspējīgu attīstību, vienlaikus neapdraudot turpmāko ekonomikas izaugsmi.Kodolsintēze var būt potenciāli nozīmīgs veids, kā ES tuvāko desmitgažu laikā īstenot ilgtspējīgu un drošu energoapgādi. Tās veiksmīga attīstība nodrošinās apgādi ar drošu, stabilu un videi draudzīgu enerģiju. Ilgtermiņa mērķis Eiropas kodolsintēzes pētniecībā, kas ietver visas ar kodolsintēzi saistītās darbības dalībvalstīs un asociētās trešās valstīs, ir kopīga reaktoru prototipu izveide spēkstacijām, kas atbilst minētajām prasībām un ir ekonomiski dzīvotspējīgi.Stratēģija ilgtermiņa mērķa sasniegšanai kā galveno prioritāti ietver ITER izveidi (liels eksperimentāls mehānisms, kas demonstrēs kodolsintēzes enerģijas zinātniski tehnisko pamatojumu), kam sekos DEMO – kodolsintēzes spēkstacijas „demonstrējuma” – izveide. Tas būs saistīts ar dinamisku pētniecības un attīstības atbalsta programmu ITER vajadzībām, kā arī DEMO nepieciešamo kodolsintēzes materiālu, tehnoloģiju un fizikas pilnveidei. Tajā iesaistīsies Eiropas rūpniecības nozaru pārstāvji, kodolsintēzes apvienības un trešās valstis, jo īpaši ITER nolīguma puses.Darbības- ITER realizēšanaTas ietver darbības kopīgai ITER (kā starptautiskas pētniecības infrastruktūras) realizēšanai, jo īpaši attiecībā uz vietas sagatavošanu, ITER organizācijas un Eiropas ITER kopuzņēmuma izveidi, pārvaldību un personāla nodrošinājumu, visparēju tehnisko un administratīvo atbalstu, iekārtu un instalāciju būvi un atbalstu projektam būvniecības laikā.- Pētniecība un attīstība ITER darbības sagatavošanaiAr koncentrētas fizikas un tehnoloģiju programmas palīdzību tiks izmantotas kodolsintēzes programmas iekārtas un resursi, ieskaitot JET . Tajā paredzēts novērtēt konkrētas galvenās ITER tehnoloģijas, konsolidēt ITER projekta izvēles un sagatavoties ITER darbībai, izmantojot ekperimentālas un teorētiskas darbības.- Tehnoloģiskās darbības DEMO sagatavošanaiTas ietver intensīvu kodolsintēzes materiālu un galveno kodolsintēzes tehnoloģiju attīstību un īpašas projekta grupas izveidi, lai sagatavotos Starptautiskas kodolsintēzes materiālu apstarošanas iekārtas ( IFMIF ) būvniecībai, kas vajadzīga DEMO paredzēto materiālu izvērtēšanai. Tas ietvers materiālu starojuma pārbaudes un modelēšanu, DEMO konceptuālā projekta pētījumus un pētījumus par kodolsintēzes enerģijas drošuma, vides un sociālekonomiskajiem aspektiem.- Pētniecības un attīstības darbības ilgākā termiņāŠīs darbības ietvers uzlaboto koncepciju talāku pilnveidi magnētiskās hermetizacijas shēmām, kas var sniegt potenciālu labumu kodolsintēzes spēkstacijām (koncentrējoties uz W7-X stellaratora iekārtas būvniecību), teoriju un modelēšanu, kas vērsta uz kodolsintēzes plazmas uzvedības visaptverošu izpratni, kā arī ar inerciālo hermetizāciju saistīto dalībvalstu civilās pētniecības darbību koordināciju, saziņas uzturēšanas darbības kontekstā.- Cilvēkresursi, izglītība un mācībasAttiecībā uz tūlītējām un vidēja termiņa vajadzībām saistībā ar ITER , kā arī kodolsintēzes tālākai pilnveidei tiks izmantotas iniciatīvas, kuru mērķis ir nodrošināt, lai būtu pieejami skaita, prasmju un augsta līmeņa mācību un pieredzes ziņā pietiekami cilvēkresursi.- InfrastruktūraStarptautiskā kodolsintēzes enerģijas pētniecības projekta ITER izveide būs jauno pētniecības infrastruktūru sastāvdaļa ar spēcīgu Eiropas dimensiju.KODOLDALīšANāS UN AIZSARDZīBA PRET RADIāCIJUMērķisIzveidot pārdomātu zinātniski tehnisko bāzi, lai paātrinātu praktisko risinājumu attīstību radioaktīvo atkritumu ar ilgu pussabrukšanas periodu drošākai apsaimniekošanai, veicinātu drošāku, resursu izmantošanas ziņā efektīvāku un konkurētspējīgu kodolenerģijas izmantošanu, kā arī nodrošināt robustu un sociāli pieņemamu sistēmu cilvēka un vides aizsardzībai pret jonizējošā starojuma ietekmi.PamatojumsKodolenerģija šobrīd rada vienu trešdaļu no visas ES patērētās elektroenerģijas un ir nozīmīgākais pašlaik pieejamās bezoglekļa bāzes elektroenerģijas avots. Eiropas kodolenerģētikas nozari kopumā raksturo progresīvu tehnoloģiju izmantošana, un tā rada nodarbinātību vairākiem simtiem tūkstošu cilvēku ar augstu prasmju līmeni. Kodolenerģija kā vietējs un uzticams enerģijas avots veicina ES neatkarību un piegāžu stabilitāti, vienlaikus augstāk attīstītās kodoltehnoloģijas piedāvā izredzes būtiski uzlabot resursu izmantošanu un efektivitāti, nodrošinot vēl augstākus drošības standartus un radot vēl mazāk atkritumu nekā šābrīža projekti.Tomēr pastāv nozīmīgi jautājumi, kas skar šā enerģijas avota ilgstošu izmantošanu ES. Būtiskākie no tādiem ir reaktora darbības drošums un atkritumu ar ilgu pusssabrukšanas periodu apsaimniekošana, saistībā ar ko norit nepārtraukts darbs tehniskā līmenī, bet vajadzīgi arī kopēji politiski un sabiedriski centieni. Attiecībā uz visiem radiācijas izmantojuma veidiem – kā rūpniecībā, tā medicīnā – svarīgākais princips ir cilvēka un vides aizsardzība. Visās šeit ietvertajās tematiskajās jomās vissvarīgākais ir nodrošināt augsta līmeņa drošību. Līdzīgā kārtā visā kodolzinātnes un kodolenerģētikas sfērā pastāv skaidri nosakāmas vajadzības attiecībā uz pētniecības infrastruktūru un zinātnisko atziņu pieejamību. Turklāt atsevišķās tehniskās jomas ir savstarpēji saistītas ar tādiem transversāliem tematiem kā kodoldegvielas cikls, aktinīdu ķīmija, riska analīze un drošības novērtējums, un pat sociāli un pārvaldības jautājumi.Būs vajadzīgi arī pētījumi, lai izpētītu jaunas zinātniskās un tehnoloģiskās iespējas un elastīgi reaģētu uz jaunām politikas vajadzībam, kas rodas Pamatprogrammas darbības laikā.Darbības- Radioaktīvo atkritumu apsaimniekošanaUz īstenošanu orientētas pētniecības un attīstības darbības saistībā ar izlietotās degvielas un radioaktīvo atkritumu ar ilgu pussabrukšanas periodu dziļu ģeoloģisku apglabāšanu un attiecīgā gadījumā demonstrējumi saistībā ar tehnoloģijām un drošību, kā arī lai pamatotu vienota Eiropas uzskata attīstību atkritumu apsaimniekošanas un apglabāšanas galvenajos jautājumos. Pētījumi par sadalīšanos un transmutāciju un/vai citiem jautājumiem, kuru mērķis ir samazināt apglabājamo atkritumu apjomu un/vai bīstamību.- Reaktoru sistēmasPētniecība, lai veicinātu nepārtrauktu drošu esošo reaktoru sistēmu (tostarp degvielas cikla iekārtas) darbību, ņemot vērā jaunus izaicinājumus, piemēram, ekspluatācijas laika pagarināšana un jaunu progresīvu drošības novērtējuma metodoloģiju izstrāde (gan tehniskais, gan cilvēka faktors), kā arī lai novērtētu topošo reaktoru sistēmu potenciālu un drošības īstermiņa un vidēja termiņa aspektus, tādējādi saglabājot ES jau sasniegtos augsta līmeņa standartus.- Aizsardzība pret radiācijuPētījumi, jo īpaši par zemu devu radīto risku, par izmantojumu medicīnā un avāriju pārvaldību, lai radītu zinātnisko bāzi robustai, taisnīgai un sociāli pieņemamai aizsardzības sistēmai, kas nevajadzīgi neierobežos radioaktīvā starojuma pozitīvās un plaši izpaltītās lietojuma iespējas medicīnā un rūpniecībā (ieskaitot kodolenerģijas ražošanu). Pētījumi, lai iespējami mazinātu radioloģiskā un kodolterorisma draudus un mazinātu to ietekmi.- InfrastruktūraLai atbalstītu tādu pētniecības infrastruktūru pieejamību kā materiālu pārbaudes reaktori, pazemes pētniecības laboratorijas un radiobioloģijas iekārtas un audu bankas, kas vajadzīgas, lai uzturētu augstus tehnisko sasniegumu, jauninājumu un drošības standartus Eiropas kodolenerģijas nozarē.- Cilvēkresursi un mācībasAtbalsts zinātniskās kompetences un cilvēkresursu saglabāšanai un pilnveidei, lai kodolenerģijas nozarē garantētu atbilstoši kvalificētu pētnieku un darbinieku pieejamību ilgākā termiņā.KOPĪGĀ PĒTNIECĪBAS CENTRA DARBĪBAS KODOLENERĢIJAS JOMĀMērķisSniegt uz klientu orientētu zinātnisko un tehnoloģisko atbalstu ES kodolenerģijas politikas veidošanas procesā, nodrošinot atbalstu pastāvošo politiku īstenošanai un uzraudzībai, vienlaikus elastīgi reaģējot uz jaunas politikas vajadzībām.PamatojumsKopīgais Pētniecības centrs atbalsta Eiropas energoapgādes stratēģijas mērķus, jo īpaši, lai sekmētu atbilstību Kioto mērķiem. ES kompetence ir atzīta daudzos kodoltehnoloģijas aspektos, un tās pamatā ir spēcīga iepriekšēju panākumu bāze šajā jomā. KPC lietderīgums, kas izpaužas kā atbalsts ES politikām un līdzdalība jauno kodolenerģijas pētniecības tendenču veidošanā, pamatojas uz tā zinātnisko kompetenci un integrāciju starptautiskajā zinātniskajā sabiedrībā. No vienas puses KPC ir kompetents personāls un modernas iekārtas, lai veiktu atzītu zinātniski tehnisko darbu; no otras puses, tas atbalsta ES politiku saglabāt pamatkompetenci un speciālās zināšanas arī turpmāk, rīkojot jauno zinātnieku mācības un veicinot viņu mobilitāti. Ir radies jauns pieprasījums, jo īpaši ārējo sakaru jomā un ar drošību saistītās politikās. Šādos gadījumos vajadzīga droša iekšējā informācija/analīze/sistēmas, kuras ne vienmēr iespējams iegūt tirgū.KPC darbības kodolenerģijas jomā paredzētas, lai apmierinātu vajadzības pētniecības un attīstības jomā, atbalstot gan Komisiju, gan dalībvalstis. Šīs programmas mērķis ir izstrādāt un apkopot zināšanas, piedalīties debatēs par kodolenerģijas ražošanu, tās drošumu un uzticamību, ilgtspējīgumu un kontroli, ar to saistītajiem draudiem un problēmjautājumiem, ieskaitot novatoriskas/nākotnes reaktoru sistēmas.DarbībasKPC darbības būs vērstas uz šādām jomām:Kodolatkritumu apsaimniekošana un ietekme uz vidi nolūkā radīt izpratni par kodoldegvielas procesiem, sākot no enerģijas ražošanas līdz atkritumu uzglabāšanai, kā arī izstrādāt efektīvus risinājumus augsta līmeņa kodolatkritumu apsaimniekošanai, izmantojot abas galvenās iespējas (tiešā uzglabāšana vai sadalīšana un transmutācija).Kodoldrošība , īstenojot pētījumus par esošiem un jauniem degvielas cikliem, kā arī par reaktora drošību gan rietumu, gan Krievijas reaktoru veidam un par jauna reaktora projektu. Turklāt KPC piedalīsies un koordinēs Eiropas līdzdalību Ceturtās paaudzes starptautiskā foruma pētniecības un attīstības iniciatīvā, kurā iesaistītas pasaules labākās pētniecības organizācijas.Kodoldrošība , atbalstot Kopienas saistību izpildi, jo īpaši degvielas cikla iekārtu kontroli, uzsverot degvielas cikla pēdējos posmus, radioaktivitātes monitoringu vidē vai papildprotokola un integrēto drošības pasākumu īstenošana, un pasākumi, lai novērstu radioaktīvo un kodolmateriālu plūsmas novirzīšanos, kas saistīta ar šādu materiālu nelegālu tirdzniecību.II PIELIKUMSFINANSĒŠANAS SHĒMASSaskaņā ar dalības noteikumiem, kas noteikti, lai īstenotu Septīto pamatprogrammu, ES īpašajās programmās ar vairāku finansēšanas shēmu palīdzību atbalstīs pētniecības un tehnoloģiskās attīstības darbības, kā arī demonstrējumu darbības. Šīs shēmas – vai nu atsevišķi, vai kombinācijā ar citām – tiks izmantotas, lai finansētu dažādas visā Pamatprogrammā īstenoto darbību kategorijas.1. FINANSĒŠANAS SHĒMAS KODOLSINTĒZES JOMĀKodolsintēzes pētniecības jomas darbību īpatnības nosaka vajadzību ieviest īpašus noteikumus. Finansiāls atbalsts tiks sniegts darbībām, kas tiek veiktas, pamatojoties uz procedūrām, kuras noteiktas:1.1. asociācijas līgumos starp Komisiju un dalībvalstīm vai pilnīgi asociētām trešām valstīm vai vienībām dalībvalstīs vai pilnīgi asociētās trešās valstīs, kas nodrošina ES kodolsintēzes pētniecības programmas daļas izpildi saskaņā ar Līguma 10. pantu;1.2. Eiropas Kodolsintēzes attīstības nolīgumā ( EFDA ), kas ir daudzpusējs nolīgums starp Komisiju un dalībvalstu vai to pilnvarotām organizācijām un asociētajām valstīm, kas cita starpā nodrošina bāzi tālākai kodolsintēzes tehnoloģijas pētniecībai asociētās organizācijās un rūpniecībā, JET iekārtu izmantošanu un Eiropas ieguldījumu starptautiskā sadarbībā;1.3. Eiropas kopuzņēmumā ITER vajadzībām, pamatojoties uz Līguma II sadaļas 5. nodaļas 45. līdz 51. panta noteikumiem;1.4. starptautiskos nolīgumos starp Euratom un trešām valstīm, ietverot darbības kodolsintēzes pētniecības un attīstības jomā, jo īpaši ITER nolīgumu;1.5. jebkuros citos daudzpusējos līgumos starp Kopienu un asociētām organizācijām, jo īpaši Līgumā par personāla mobilitāti;1.6. izmaksu dalīšanas pasākumos, lai veicinātu kodolsintēzes pētījumus un piedalītos tajos kopā ar institūcijām dalībvalstīs vai ar Euratom pamatprogrammu asociētās valstīs, kurām nav asociācijas līguma.Papildus minētajām darbībām var veikt pasākumus, kas vajadzīgi, lai veicinātu un attīstītu cilvēkresursus, zinātnisko darbinieku stipendijas, integrētas infrastruktūras iniciatīvas, kā arī īpašus atbalsta pasākumus, jo īpaši nolūkā koordinēt kodolsintēzes pētniecību, veikt pētījumus šo darbību atbalstam, atbalstīt publikācijas, informācijas apmaiņu, kā arī mācības, lai veicinātu tehnoloģiju pārņemšanu.2. FINANSĒŠANAS SHĒMAS CITĀS JOMĀSEuratom pamatprogrammā atbalstītās darbības ar kodolsintēzes enerģiju nesaistītās jomās finansē, izmantojot vairākas finansēšanas shēmas. Šīs shēmas – vai nu atsevišķi, vai kombinācijā ar citām – tiks izmantotas, lai finansētu dažādas visā Pamatprogrammā īstenoto darbību kategorijas.Lēmumos par īpašajām programmām, darba programmām un uzaicinājumiem iesniegt priekšlikumus attiecīgi tiks minēts:- shēmas (-u) veids (-i), ko izmanto, lai finansētu dažādas darbību kategorijas;- dalībnieku kategorijas (piemēram, pētniecības organizācijas, universitātes, rūpniecības uzņēmumi, valsts iestādes), uz kurām tā (-s) attiecas;- darbību veidi (pētniecība, attīstība, demonstrējumi, mācības, izplatīšana, zināšanu nodošana un tamlīdzīgas darbības), ko var finansēt katrā no shēmām.Ja var izmantot dažādas finansēšanas shēmas, darba programmās var noteikt finansēšanas shēmu, kas izmantojama attiecībā uz tematu, par kuru publicēts aicinājums iesniegt priekšlikumus.Finansēšanas shēmas ir šādas:a) lai atbalstītu darbības, kuras galvenokārt īsteno, pamatojoties uz uzaicinājumiem iesniegt priekšlikumus:1. Kopīgi projektiAtbalsts pētījumu projektiem, ko veic konsorciji, kurus veido dalībnieki no dažādām valstīm, lai izstrādātu jaunas zinātniskās atziņas, jaunas tehnoloģijas, produktus vai kopīgus pētniecības resursus. Projektu apjoms, darbības sfēra un iekšējā organizācija katrā jomā un katrā tematā var atšķirties. Projekti var būt, sākot ar neliela vai vidēja mēroga specifiskām pētniecības darbībām līdz plašākiem integrētiem projektiem, kas mobilizē ievērojamu resursu apjomu, lai sasniegtu iepriekšnoteiktu mērķi.2. Izcilības tīkliAtbalsts kopīgām pētniecības programmām, ko īsteno virkne pētniecības organizāciju, kuras integrē savas darbības noteiktā jomā, un veic pētniecības grupas ilgāka termiņa sadarbības ietvaros. Šo kopīgo programmu īstenošanai būs vajadzīgs oficiāls ieguldījums no organizācijām, kas integrē daļu no saviem resursiem un darbībām.3. Koordinācijas un atbalsta pasākumiAtbalsts darbībām, kuru mērķis ir koordinēt vai atbalstīt pētniecību (tīklu veidošana, apmaiņa, pētījumi, konferences u.tml.). Šos pasākumus var īstenot, izmantojot arī citus veidus, ne tikai uzaicinājumus iesniegt priekšlikumus.4. Pasākumi, lai veicinātu un attīstītu cilvēku resursus un mobilitātiAtbalsts pētnieku sagatavošanai un profesionālajai izaugsmei.b) lai atbalstītu pasākumus, ko īsteno, pamatojoties uz Padomes lēmumiem, kuru pamatā ir Komisijas priekšlikums, Kopiena sniegs finansiālu atbalstu dažādu avotu finansētām liela mēroga iniciatīvām:- Kopienas finansiālais ieguldījums, lai dibinātu kopuzņēmumus, pamatojoties uz Euratom līguma II sadaļas 5. nodaļas 45. līdz 51. pantu.- Kopienas finansiāls ieguldījums jaunu Eiropas nozīmes infrastruktūru attīstībai.Kopiena īstenos finansēšanas shēmas saskaņā ar noteikumiem regulā, kas pieņemta uzņēmumu, pētniecības centru un universitāšu dalības noteikumos, attiecīgiem valsts atbalsta instrumentiem, jo īpaši Kopienas nostādnēm par valsts atbalstu pētniecībai un attīstībai, kā arī starptautiskiem noteikumiem šajā jomā. Saskaņā ar šiem starptautiskajiem noteikumiem būs jāspēj pielāgot finansiālās līdzdalības apjomu un veidu katrā atsevišķajā gadījumā, jo īpaši, ja ir pieejams finansējums no citiem valsts sektora avotiem, to skaitā citiem Kopienas finansējuma avotiem, piemēram, Eiropas Investīciju bankas (EIB).Tāda netieša pasākuma dalībniekiem, kas izveidots mazāk attīstītā reģionā (konverģences reģioni un attālāki reģioni[50]), iespēju un vajadzības gadījumos tiks mobilizēts papildfinansējums no struktūrfondiem.3. TIEŠIE PASĀKUMI - KOPĪGAIS PĒTNIECĪBAS CENTRSKopiena īstenos darbības ar Kopīgā pētniecības centra starpniecību, kuras apzīmē kā tiešos pasākumus.LEGISLATIVE FINANCIAL STATEMENT33. NAME OF THE PROPOSAL :Proposal for a Council Decision concerning the seventh framework programme of the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) for nuclear research and training activities (2007 to 2011) – Building the Europe of Knowledge34. ABM / ABB FRAMEWORKPolicy Area(s) concerned and associated Activity/Activities: RESEARCH and DIRECT RESEARCH35. BUDGET LINES36. Budget lines (operational lines and related technical and administrative assistance lines) including headings :Titles: 08 and 1037. Duration of the action and of the financial impact:2007-2013 subject to the approval of new financial perspectives framework38. Budgetary characteristics ( add rows if necessary ) :Budget line | Type of expenditure | New | EFTA contribution | Contributions from applicant countries | Heading in financial perspective |08 and 10 | Non-comp | Diff[51]/ | NO | NO | YES | No [1a] |XX.01 | Comp/ | Non-diff[52] | NO | NO | NO | No [ 1a...] |XX.01.05 | Non-comp | Non-diff | NO | NO | YES | No [ 1a...] |39. SUMMARY OF RESOURCES40. Financial Resources41. Summary of commitment appropriations (CA) and payment appropriations (PA)EUR million (to 3 decimal places) cash pricesAdministrative expenditure not included in reference amount[55] |Human resources and associated expenditure (NDA) | 8.2.5 d | 4,986 | 5,085 | 5,187 | 5,291 | 5,397 | 5,504 | 5,615 | 37,064 |Administrative costs, other than human resources and associated costs, not included in reference amount (NDA) | 8.2.6 e | 0,148 | 0,151 | 0,154 | 0,157 | 0,160 | 0,163 | 0,167 | 1,101 |Total indicative financial cost of interventionTOTAL CA including cost of Human Resources | a+c+d+e | 463,553 | 554,408 | 680,994 | 701,968 | 717,305 | 813,121 | 841,437 | 4.772,785 |TOTAL PA including cost of Human Resources | b+c+d+e |Co-financing detailsIf the proposal involves co-financing by Member States, or other bodies (please specify which), an estimate of the level of this co-financing should be indicated in the table below (additional lines may be added if different bodies are foreseen for the provision of the co-financing):EUR million (to 3 decimal places)Co-financing body | Year n | n + 1 | n + 2 | n + 3 | n + 4 | n + 5 and later | Total |........................ | f |TOTAL CA including co-financing | a+c+d+e+f |42. Compatibility with Financial Programming( Proposal is compatible with next financial programming (Commission’s February 2004 Communication on the financial perspectives 2007-2013 COM (2004) 101).( Proposal will entail reprogramming of the relevant heading in the financial perspective.( Proposal may require application of the provisions of the Interinstitutional Agreement[56] (i.e. flexibility instrument or revision of the financial perspective).43. Financial impact on Revenue( Proposal has no financial implications on revenue( Proposal has financial impact – the effect on revenue is as follows:Certain Associated States may contribute to the funding of the framework programmes.In accordance with Article 161 of the Financial Regulation, the Joint Research Centre may benefit from revenue from various types of competitive activities and from other services provided for outside bodies.In accordance with Article 18 of the Financial Regulation, certain revenue may be used to finance specific items.NB: All details and observations relating to the method of calculating the effect on revenue should be shown in a separate annex.EUR million (to one decimal place)Prior to action [Year n-1] | Situation following action |Total number of human resources |44. CHARACTERISTICS AND OBJECTIVESDetails of the context of the proposal are required in the Explanatory Memorandum. This section of the Legislative Financial Statement should include the following specific complementary information:45. Need to be met in the short or long termThe 7th Framework Programme will be an integral part of the EU efforts towards the knowledge economy and society in Europe, together with other specific endeavours on education, training and innovation. The elaboration of the objectives, as illustrated in the Communication COM (2004) 353 of 16.6.2004 on the future European research policy and very favourably viewed by the stakeholders and the other European institutions, is at the basis of the Commission proposal for the 7th Framework Programme.The 7th Framework Programme is characterised both by continuity with the current 6th Framework Programme (e.g. in the context of the cooperative research) and the introduction of novel elements at the level of content and instruments to address the arising needs at EU level (e.g. support to new infrastructures, co-ordination of national research programmes on a large scale).The main instruments to be used will be the known ones, with important efforts already undertaken and more envisaged to simplify all procedures of the Framework Programme and make them friendlier for the proposers.These elements are lucidly presented in the Explanatory Memorandum and in the Communication “Building the ERA of Knowledge for Growth” that is put forward at the same moment as the Commission proposals for the 7th Framework Programme.46. Value-added of Community involvement and coherence of the proposal with other financial instruments and possible synergyIntervention at EU level is justified in the field of R&D policy. There are a number of cases where it can be more effective to provide support for research at EU level than at national level. Some research activities are of such a scale that no single Member State can provide the necessary resources and expertise. In these cases, EU projects can allow research to achieve the required “critical mass”, while lowering commercial risk and producing a leverage effect on private investment. EU-scale actions also play an important role in transferring skills and knowledge across frontiers. This helps to foster excellence in research and development through enhancing capability, quality and EU-wide competition, as well as improving human capacity in S&T through training, mobility and European career development. EU support can also contribute to a better integration of European R&D, by encouraging the coordination of national policies, by the EU-wide dissemination of results, and by funding research for pan-European policy challenges.An in-depth analysis is provided for in the “Impact Assessment and Ex Ante Evaluation Report for the Commission proposals for the Council and European Parliament decisions on the 7th Framework Programme (EC and Euratom)”. This document represents a technical annex to the legislative proposal in the form of a staff working document. A whole chapter of the report is dedicated to this question (see its Annex 1, chapter 3). The report also addresses alternative options for Community intervention and the impacts likely to result from each policy option.The 7th Framework Programme will involve modes of support for research activities from EU, international, national and regional sources. These will be complementary to the support to be provided by the European Investment Bank and the Structural Funds. More information is included in the Communication “Building the ERA of Knowledge for Growth” (see above) and in the Explanatory Memorandum.47. Objectives, expected results and related indicators of the proposal in the context of the ABM framework“Reinvigorating” the Lisbon agenda is a key goal of the EU and the European Commission for the coming years. This implies, as a first priority, the full realisation of the knowledge society. In the same direction, the strategic objectives of the College, COM (2005) 12 final, have highlighted the importance of research and development as one of the key drivers of prosperity and growth. In particular this will mean the Union committing to invest 3% of GDP in research, with one third coming from the public sector. This message is reinforced by the Communication on ‘A new start for the Lisbon Strategy’ COM (2005)24.The objectives set out here are therefore aimed precisely at supporting the aims of the Lisbon agenda through Community funded research activities. It has been demonstrated that such research plays a critically important role in promoting growth and prosperity, building the European knowledge base including research capacities and developing an integrated and strengthened European Research Area.Objectives are in the following areas:1. Fusion Energy Research: Developing the knowledge base for, and realising ITER as the major step towards, the creation of prototype reactors for power stations which are safe, sustainable, environmentally responsible, and economically viable.2. Nuclear Fission and Radiation Protection: Establishing a sound scientific and technical basis in order to accelerate practical developments for the safer management of long-lived radioactive waste, promoting safer, more resource-efficient and competitive exploitation of nuclear energy and ensuring a robust and socially acceptable system of protection of man and the environment against the effects of ionising radiation.3. Nuclear Activities of the Joint Research Centre: To provide customer driven scientific and technical support to the EU policy making process in the nuclear field, ensuring support to the implementation and monitoring of existing policies while flexibly responding to new policy demands.Performance indicators will be developed at three levels. Quantitative and qualitative indicators will be developed to show the path or direction of scientific and technical progress, such as new standards and tools, scientific techniques, patent applications and licence agreements new products, process and services.Management indicators will be developed to monitor performance internally and support senior management decision making. These could include level of budget execution, time to contract and time to payment.Outcome (impact) indicators will be used to assess the overall effectiveness of the research against high level objectives. These cold include assessment at the aggregate the Framework Programme Level (e.g. impact on the achievement of the Lisbon, Goeteborg, Barcelona and other objectives) and assessment at the SP level (e.g. contribution made to the EU S&T and economic performance).More information on this point is included in the Annex of the “Impact Assessment and Ex Ante Evaluation Report for the Commission proposals for the Council and European Parliament decisions on the 7th Framework Programme (EC and Euratom)”, Chapter 6: Towards an effective, user-friendly management and outcome-oriented new 7th Framework Programme , Section 3: New programme evaluation and monitoring system.5.4 Method of Implementation (indicative)Show below the method(s)[58] chosen for the implementation of the action.( Centralised Management( Directly by the Commission( Indirectly by delegation to:( Executive Agencies( Bodies set up by the Communities as referred to in art. 185 of the Financial Regulation( National public-sector bodies/bodies with public-service missionٱ Shared or decentralised managementٱ With Member statesٱ With Third countriesٱ Joint management with international organisations (please specify)Relevant comments:As a general principle when deciding on the most appropriate management structures, there must be clear lines of responsibility within the Commission and clean interfaces between the Commission and any separate management structures. In addition, where the link between the detailed follow-up of the actual projects funded and the development of S&T policy is clear, any shift of management away from the Commission services cannot go beyond “upstream” tasks supporting the submission and evaluation of proposals. Where this link between the individual project follow-up and the definition of scientific priorities is not direct or does not exist, management of the “downstream” tasks of making contracts and running the projects could be given to an executive agency.With this principle in mind, the following is proposed for the management of the various parts of the Euratom Framework Programme:(1) For all RTD projects, including collaborative research projects , the hypothesis used is that it will not be possible to manage with the status quo (i.e. full internal direct management with limited use of outsourcing through commercial contracts). In this case, the executive agency set up for “upstream” implementation tasks under the 7th EC Framework Programme will be used. Tasks of this agency would include the reception and administrative management of proposals submitted, inviting and paying expert evaluators (chosen by the Commission), providing logistical support to proposal evaluation and possible further tasks, such as financial viability checking and provision of statistics. The continued possibility to sub-contract specific tasks to private companies (e.g. for the development of IT tools) will not be ruled out.The evaluation, contracting and project management of RTD projects would be carried out by the Commission services, in order to maintain the close link between such activities and policy formulation.Flexibility should be maintained to allow the possibility of adapting these management arrangements depending on experience acquired during the first years of the 7th Framework Programme.(2) The European Joint Undertaking, based on the provisions of Articles 45-51, Title II of Chapter V of the Euratom Treaty, will be used for the creation of ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor).48. MONITORING AND EVALUATION49. Monitoring systemMonitoring of implementation management would be ensured by operational senior management within the Commission on a continuous basis with annual check points and using a common set of management performance indicators. Adequate resource would be given to this process. The annual results of this exercise will be used to inform senior management and as an input to the multi-annual assessment exercise.The requirements and systems for data collection regarding proposal evaluation and contract preparation are currently under review given the needs of providing a robust and simplified data set while imposing minimum burden on research programme participants.50. Evaluation51. Ex-ante evaluationIn line with the Commission requirements, an ex ante evaluation of the 7th Framework Programme legislative proposals has been undertaken. This evaluation is incorporated in the overall Impact Assessment report of the European Commission’s proposals for the European parliament and Council decisions on the 7th Framework Programme (EC and EURATOM).The 7th Framework Programme Impact Assessment exercise was based upon inputs from stakeholders, internal and external evaluation and other studies, and contributions from recognised European evaluation and impact assessment experts. The Impact Assessment exercise covered the period from April 2004 to April 2005. It was conducted and monitored by the Commission services with the help of a number of external experts.52. Measures taken following an intermediate/ex-post evaluation (lessons learned from similar experiences in the past)A Five Year Assessment of the implementation and achievements of Community research over the five preceding years was carried out between June-December 2004 by a panel of independent high level experts. The assessment was based on analysis of an extensive database of evaluation and policy reports concerning Community research, 8 separate studies and analyses prepared specifically as inputs to the assessment exercise; interviews with and presentations by Commission staff; and discussion by panel members within their own constituencies.The results of the Five Year Assessment were made available on 10 February 2005 and on XX/XX/2005, the Commission communicated the conclusions of the assessment, accompanied by its observations, to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.A synthesis of the key findings of the Five Year Assessment report and how these have been integrated into the proposal (in italics) are as follows:- It was noted that the Framework Programmes have provided a major contribution to Europe’s knowledge base and the restructuring of Europe’s research system to be more innovative and that the Commission’s proposal to substantially increase the European research budget in the future is a welcome step in the right direction. The proposal is for a substantial increase in funding of the Framework.- It was recommended that a clearer vision or articulation of what EU research aims to achieve is needed to help set clear objectives, define precisely the Added Value for Europe, reinforce the impetus given by the European Research Area and get the necessary support from the public for these activities. The proposal is accompanied by a specific Communication to describe the relationship between knowledge creation and growth and has been developed in parallel with, the ex ante Impact Assessment which gives a clear and detailed statement on the expected benefits from the proposed research activities.- It was recommended that the industrial orientation and participation in the Framework Programme must be enhanced to help strengthen European competitiveness. Links to other EU policies are needed such as intellectual property rights (IPR), state aid rules and also encouragement of public-private collaboration such as through joint technology initiatives. The proposal reflects the need for a strengthened and simplified approach to Community research funding with detailed attention to the needs of the industrial sector, including different types of industrial participant such as large firms and SMEs. The promotion of joint technology initiatives is one of the innovative features to promote industrial participation in the programme.- It was recommended that excelling in science and developing human resources for research will be crucial for further development of the knowledge-based society. This will require the extension in scale and scope of human resources and mobility programmes. The proposal reflects this need through the enhanced measures for human resources development with the commitment for more flexibility and greater articulation between the public and private sectors. It is also proposed to create a European Research Council to promote riskier research and excellence in science.- It was recommended that enhancing citizens trust in science, technology and innovation and better understanding of the legitimacy of research policies are necessary to tackle society’s concerns appropriately by science and research policy objectives. Impacts and actual results should be communicated to the public at large in a meaningful manner. The proposal reflects these needs through a specific approach to Science in Society as one of the activities under ‘Capacities’.- Simplifying the access and participation to the Framework Programme, notably through the streamlining of its administration, is essential to reinforce its positive role in the EU research landscape. This is not least true for the new Member States which face particular problems that are to be addressed. For reasons of continuity, it was recommended to maintain the current implementation instruments . Extensive efforts are ongoing towards a major simplification of Framework Programme procedures, the proposed results of which are incorporated throughout the proposal.- Terms and frequency of future evaluationNot later than 2010, the Commission shall carry out with the assistance of external experts, an interim evaluation of the seventh framework programme and its specific programmes on the quality of the research activities under way and progress towards the objectives set.A coordinated programme of studies for: horizontal assessments of such topics as the impact of research on issues such as productivity, competitiveness and employment; structuring effects of the Framework Programme on the ERA (fragmentation, excellence, coordination) through the formation and development of commercial and knowledge networks, and the creation and support to infrastructures; and the impact of Community research on strategic decision making in companies and research organisations and national, European and regional authorities; assessment of impact and achievements at portfolio, programme and higher levels against the strategic objectives and indicators that are set within a clearly defined programme logic.Two years following the completion of this framework programme, the Commission shall have carried out an external evaluation by independent experts of its rationale, implementation and achievements. This would be supported by a coherent set of independent studies, the interim evaluation and other evaluation activities carried out over the life-time of the Framework Programme, as listed above. The report of this exercise would be presented to all interested stakeholders, including the Parliament and Council. Furthermore, this report could feed into future ex ante evaluation and impact assessments by the Commission.An independent ex post programme evaluation would be undertaken 2 years after the end of the 6th Framework Programme.Evaluation methods to include: expert panels; sampled analyses, case studies and surveys; longitudinal studies; studies coordinated with Members States; where appropriate, cost-benefit analysis or follow-on macroeconomic impact analysis.53. ANTI-FRAUD MEASURESMeasures will be taken to ensure that the same anti-fraud measures taken in the sixth framework programmes’ rules for participation and contracts will be brought forward and reinforced in the seventh framework programmes. These include measures such a financial collective responsibility, sanctions against overcharging, measures to ensure the effective recovery of amounts due to the Commission, and administrative and legal measures taken to ensure full compliance with the Financial Regulation and its provisions regarding procedures for selecting and financing grants and services rendered to the Commission.54. DETAILS OF RESOURCES55. Objectives of the proposal in terms of their financial costCommitment appropriations in EUR million (to 3 decimal places) Cash prices[59]56. The EURATOM programme covers the period 2007-2011. The figures for 2012 are only for information57. Description of tasks deriving from the actionImplementation of the Framework Programme58. Sources of human resources (statutory)(When more than one source is stated, please indicate the number of posts originating from each of the sources)( Posts currently allocated to the management of the programme to be replaced or extended( Posts pre-allocated within the APS/PDB exercise for year 2005( Posts to be requested in the next APS/PDB procedure (2006)( Posts to be redeployed using existing resources within the managing service (internal redeployment)( Posts required for year n although not foreseen in the APS/PDB exercise of the year in question59. Other Administrative expenditure included in reference amount (XX 01 05 – Expenditure on administrative management)EUR million (to 3 decimal places) Cash PricesXX 01 02 11 02 – Meetings & Conferences | 0,001 | 0,001 | 0,001 | 0,001 | 0,001 | 0,003 | 0,008 |XX 01 02 11 03 – Committees[65] | 0,111 | 0,114 | 0,116 | 0,118 | 0,121 | 0,249 | 0,828 |XX 01 02 11 04 – Studies & consultations |XX 01 02 11 05 - Information systems |2 Total Other Management Expenditure (XX 01 02 11) |3 Other expenditure of an administrative nature (specify including reference to budget line) |Total Administrative expenditure, other than human resources and associated costs (NOT included in reference amount) | 0,148 | 0,151 | 0,154 | 0,157 | 0,160 | 0,330 | 1,101 |60. The EURATOM programme covers the period 2007-2011. The figures for 2012 and 2013 are only for informationCalculation - Other administrative expenditure not included in reference amountThese figures are estimated on the basis of the 2006 DG RTD requests increased of the 2% for the yearly foreseen inflation. (Fiche 1 REV)The needs for human and administrative resources shall be covered within the allocation granted to the managing DG in the framework of the annual allocation procedure.
 [1] KOM(2005) 118.
 [2] OV C [...], [...], [...]. lpp.
 [3] OV C [...], [...], [...]. lpp.
 [4] OV C [...], [...], [...]. lpp.
 [5] OV C [...], [...], [...]. lpp.
 [6] Vēl nav publicēts Oficiālajā Vēstnesī.
 [7] Kā jau minēts Komisijas 2004. gada 26.2. Paziņojumā KOM(2004) 101 un 2004. gada 14.7. Paziņojumā KOM(2004) 487 par Finanšu plānu 2007.- 2013. gadam.
 [8] OV L 312, 23.12.1995., 1. lpp.
 [9] OV L 292, 15.11.1996., 2. lpp.
 [10] OV L 136, 31.5.1999., 1. lpp.
 [11] Tas ietvers finansiālu atbalstu COST pasākumu administrēšanai un koordinācijai.
 [12] Termins „bioekonomika” ietver visas nozares un tautsaimniecības sektorus, kuros ražo, apsaimnieko un citādi izmanto bioloģiskos resursus un saistītos pakalpojumus, piegādes vai patērētaju nozares, tādas kā lauksaimniecība, pārtika, zivsaimniecība, mežsaimniecība utt.
 [13] „Zinātnes par dzīvību un biotehnoloģija – Eiropas stratēģija” - KOM(2002) 27.
 [14] Papildinošā pētniecība, kas ir saistīta ar dabas resursu ilgtspējīgu apsaimniekošanu un saglabāšanu, ir aprakstīta tēmā „Vide, tostarp klimata pārmaiņas”.
 [15] KOM(2000) 769.
 [16] Papildinošā pētniecība saistībā ar bioloģisko resursu ražošanu un lietošanu ir paredzēta saskaņā ar tēmu „Pārtika, lauksaimniecība un biotehnoloģija”.
 [17] Dažādās darbībās tiks ņemtas vērā šo Eiropas tehnoloģiju platformu pētniecības programmas.
 [18] KOM(2001) 370.
 [19] Eiropas aeronautikas nozarē 14% no apgrozījuma tiek ieguldīti pētniecībā, Eiropas automašīnu ražošanas nozarē – gandrīz 5% no apgrozījuma; ES kuģu būves nozares konkurences priekšrocību lielā mērā nosaka PTA.
 [20] ACARE : Eiropas Aeronautikas izpētes konsultatīvā padome. Tās darbība uzsākta 2001. gadā, un tā ir pirmais Tehnoloģiju platformas piemērs. ERRAC : Eiropas Dzelzceļa pētniecības konsultatīvā padome; ERTRAC : Eiropas Autotransporta pētniecības konsultatīvā padome; WATERBORNE tehnoloģiju platforma.
 [21] Teroristu uzbrukumu novēršana, sagatavotība tiem un reaģēšana uz tiem - KOM(2004) 698, 700, 701, 702; Solidaritāte/ CBRN novēršanas programma.
 [22] Eiropas stratēģiskais forums pētniecības infrastruktūrai ( ESFRI ) tika uzsākts 2002. gada aprīlī. ESFRI darbojas ES 25 dalībvalstu pārstāvji, ko ieceļ par pētniecību atbildīgie ministri, un Eiropas Komisijas pārstāvis. Ar Pamatprogrammu pētniecības jomā saistītās valstis tika aicinātas pievienoties 2004. gadā.
 [23] Konverģences reģioni ir tie, kas noteikti 5. pantā priekšlikumā Padomes Regulai, ar ko nosaka Eiropas Reģionālās attīstības fonda, Eiropas Sociālā fonda un Kohēzijas fonda vispārīgos noteikumus - KOM(2004) 492. Tas ietver „konverģences” mērķa reģionus, reģionus, kas var pretendēt uz Kohēzijas fonda finansējumu, un attālākos reģionus.
 [24] Ieskaitot Kopīgās tehnoloģiju iniciatīvas (tostarp finanšu plānu u.c.) un to koordinācijas un starptautiskās sadarbības pasākumu daļu, kas finansējama tēmu ietvaros.
 [25] Vai Padomes lēmumiem, apspriežoties ar Eiropas Parlamentu.
 [26] Konverģences reģioni ir tie, kas noteikti 5. pantā priekšlikumā Padomes Regulai, ar ko nosaka Eiropas Reģionālās attīstības fonda, Eiropas Sociālā fonda un Kohēzijas fonda vispārīgos noteikumus - KOM(2004) 492. Tas ietver „konverģences” mērķa reģionus, reģionus, kas var pretendēt uz Kohēzijas fonda finansējumu un attālākos reģionus.
 [27] Differentiated appropriations.
 [28] Non-differentiated appropriations here after referred to as NDA.
 [29] Expenditure that does not fall under Chapter xx 01 of the Title xx concerned.
 [30] Expenditure within article xx 01 05 of Title xx.
 [31] Expenditure within chapter xx 01 other than articles xx 01 05.
 [32] See points 19 and 24 of the Interinstitutional agreement.
 [33] Additional columns should be added if necessary i.e. if the duration of the action exceeds 6 years.
 [34] If more than one method is indicated please provide additional details in the "Relevant comments" section of this point.
 [35] The amounts represent (cash prices) the heading 1 a) of the Financial Perspectives related to “Establishing a European research area, ...”excluding the part related to Innovation.Those amounts have not been included in the actual financial legislative statement.
 [36] As described under Section 5.3.
 [37] Cost of which is NOT covered by the reference amount.
 [38] Cost of which is NOT covered by the reference amount.
 [39] Cost of which is included within the reference amount.
 [40] Reference should be made to the specific legislative financial statement for the Executive Agency(ies) concerned.
 [41] EURAB committee.
 [42] KOM(2005) 118.
 [43] OV C , , lpp. .
 [44] OV C , , lpp. .
 [45] OV C , , lpp. .
 [46] OV nav publicēts.
 [47] OV L 312, 23.12.1995., 1. lpp.
 [48] OV L 292, 15.11.1996., 2. lpp.
 [49] OV L 136, 31.5.1999., 1. lpp.
 [50] Konverģences reģioni ir tie, kas noteikti 5. pantā priekšlikumā Padomes regulai, ar ko nosaka Eiropas Reģionālās attīstības fonda, Eiropas Sociālā fonda un Kohēzijas fonda vispārīgos noteikumus - KOM(2004) 492. Tas ietver „konverģences” mērķa reģionus, reģionus, kas var pretendēt uz Kohēzijas fonda finansējumu un attālākos reģionus.
 [51] Differentiated appropriations
 [52] Non-differentiated appropriatins hereafter referred to as NDA.
 [53] Expenditure that does not fall under Chapter xx 01 of the Title xx concerned.
 [54] Expenditure within article xx 01 05 of Title xx.
 [55] Expenditure within chapter xx 01 other than articles xx 01 04 or xx 01 05.
 [56] See points 19 and 24 of the Interinstitutional agreement.
 [57] Additional columns should be added if necessary i.e. if the duration of the action exceeds 6 years.
 [58] If more than one method is indicated please provide additional details in the "Relevant comments" section of this point.
 [59] The Euratom programme covers the period 2007-2011. The figures for 2012 and 2013 are only for information.
 [60] As described under Section 5.3.
 [61] Cost of which is NOT covered by the reference amount.
 [62] Cost of which is NOT covered by the reference amount.
 [63] Cost of which is included within the reference amount. Moreover during the period 2007-2010 the added staff is related to ITER.
 [64] Reference should be made to the specific legislative financial statement for the Executive Agency(ies) concerned.
 [65] Specify the type of committee and the group to which it belongs.