type: wikipedia

text:
NTP er en forkortelse for Network Time Protocol.
 Med NTP-protokollen kan en computer synkronisere sit indbyggede ur med serverens ur, således at tidspunkterne er ens.
 Overordnet virkemåde
 Verdens NTP-servere indgår i et globalt netværk, der er organiseret som et hierarki. I toppen af hierarkiet er der stratum-0-ure. Disse er atomure, der går meget præcist. På næste niveau er der stratum-1-servere. En stratum-1-server får tidsinformation fra en stratum-0-kilde. På dette niveau varetages to funktioner: Serverne kommunikerer løbende indbyrdes for at komme frem til den korrekte UTC-tid. En stratum-1-server har desuden stratum-2-servere som klienter. Selv atomure går ikke helt ens, så afvigelser mellem stratum-1-servere skal korrigeres. Stratum-2-servere stiller tidskilder til rådighed for computere, der har brug for en præcis tidsindstilling.
 NTP er en internetprotokol baseret på UDP. En forespørgsel til en NTP-server består af en UDP-pakke og svaret leveres i en UDP-pakke med samme format som forespørgslen. Ud fra udvekslingen af meddelelser med en eller flere servere beregner hver tidsserver, hvor stor usikkerhed der er på serverens egen tid, og om uret går for hurtigt eller langsomt. Ud fra disse beregninger justeres tiden i små skridt, så tiden hele tiden går fremad, og der ikke sker store spring. For at undgå, at det tager mange timer før en tidsserver begynder at give korrekt tid efter et driftstop, vil man normalt tillade store spring i tiden i denne startfase.
 Hvis man ikke har brug for tid, der er nøjagtig på milisekunder, kan man i stedet bruge SNTP, der er en forenklet udgave af NTP.
 Skudsekunder og NTP
 Skudsekunder håndteres specielt i NTP-protokollen. Et skudsekund skal registreres i referencetidskilderne samme dag som det indtræffer og senest et minut før det indtræffer. Mens skudssekundet varer, står tiden som udgangspunkt stille i følge NTP. Dog sikres det, at alle klienter, der spørger efter tid i skudsekundet får unikke tidspunkter, så rækkefølgen af forespørgslerne er entydig. Hvis der er spurgt efter tid i skudsekundet, vil serveren derfor være en anelse foran, når skudsekundet er overstået, men det korrigeres på samme måde, som andre uregelmæssigheder. Det kan ske, at der annonceres et "negativt" skudsekund, hvor et minut afkortes til 59 sekunder. Dette kræver ingen korrektion.
 Historie
 Network Time Protocol blev udviklet af Professor David L. Mills fra The University of Delaware. Han er stadig med i arbejdet med at udvikle og dokumentere protokollen. Forløberen for NTP som blev kaldt Internet Clock Service var ikke særlig præcis sammenlignet med nutidens NTP, da der ikke blev kompenseret for frekvensfejl i computernes ure. De første RFC-dokumenter blev offentliggjort i 1988. Den første RFC omtalte kun selve netværksprotokollen og de tilhørende formater for de sendte meddelelser. Klient/server protokol og server til server-protokol var defineret. Et år senere blev der defineret en tilhørende autorisationsprotokol (RFC 1119). I 1992 kom standarden, som nu var i version 3, også til at omfatte de algoritmer, der skal bruges for at få den mest præcise tidsbestemmelse. I denne meget omfattende specifikation lånte man ideer fra systemet Digital Time Synchronization Service som var blevet udviklet af Digital Equipment Corporation, (DEC). I 1994 kom SNTP på banen. Den seneste version af protokollen er version 4. Denne version [er endnu ikke beskrevet i en RFC.] er beskrevet i RFC 5905 (juni 2010).
 Sideløbende med alt dette er der udviklet standarder og teknikker til at holde styr på tiden i selve styresystemet, så nøjagtigheden kan opretholdes med færre kontakter til eksterne servere, Kommunikationen fra en ekstern tidskilde og computersystemet blev standardiseret i 1999.
 Referenceimplementationen
 I det følgende beskrives den officielle referenceimplementation af NTP. Referenceimplementationen omfatter serverprogrammet ntpd og forskellige programmer til overvågning og vedligehold af serveren. Følgende programmer følger med:
 ntp-keygen – til oprettelse af krypteringsnøgler.
 ntp-wait – venter på, at serveren er klar.
 ntpd – serverprogrammet.
 ntpdate – sætter computerens tid ud fra en ntpserver.
 ntpdc – til administration af den kørende server.
 ntpq – administrationsprogram, der er enklere end ntpdc.
 ntptime – viser tiden og detaljeret status for serveren.
 ntptrace – viser hvilke servere denne server aktuelt får tid fra.
 Programmet ntpd starter på to forskellige måder alt efter om der findes en fil med oplysninger om den lokale tidskilde eller ej. Hvis der ikke er opsamlet data, vil ntp-wait blokere og ntpd begynder at estimere fejlen på det lokale ur. Der beregnes to parametre. Først beregnes frekvensfejlen. Frekvensfejlen fortæller, hvor meget serverens ur tikker for hurtigt eller langsomt. Derefter beregnes, hvor meget serverens tid afviger fra den korrekte UTC-tid. Når disse to ting er på plads, kan ntpd begynde at besvare forespørgsler fra klientprogrammer og ntp-wait blokerer ikke længere. Når der er registreret data om frekvensfejlen, vil ntpd hurtigt korrigere tiden på den lokale maskine og begynde at besvare forespørgsler.
 Med mellemrum bliver frekvensfejlen beregnet på ny og den nye status gemmes. For at virke optimalt skal ntpd kunne hente tid fra mindst tre andre serve eller en ekstern tidskilde som for eksempel et atomur. Som regel vil man konfigurere mindst fire eksterne servere, så systemet virker selv hvis en server holder op med at virke. Tiden fra andre servere korrigeres for den tid, det tager at sende forespørgsel og svar over nettet. Som udgangspunkt vil ntpd spørge om den korrekte tid hvert 64. sekund. Når det lokale ur er kommet tæt på den rigtige tid forlænges intervallet. Intervallet fordobles for hver gang. Hvis den lokale tid kommer til at afvige med mere end 128 mikrosekunder i forhold til den formodede rigtige tid, halveres intervallet igen. Hvis der ikke er konfigureret andet, varierer intervallerne fra 64 til 1024 sekunder.
 Selve korrigeringen af den lokale tidskilde klares af styresystemet. Derfor virker ntpd kun med styresystemer, der stiller systemkald til finstilling af tiden til rådighed. De fleste Unix-lignende systemer har denne mulighed.
 Servere med samme stratum kan sættes til at udveksle tid med hinanden. Dette er vigtigst for stratum-1 servere, men det kan bruges på alle niveauer. Servere, der udveksler tid med hinanden er mindre følsomme over for fejl i servere med lavere strata. For at undgå, at tiden manipuleres af uautoriserede
 brugere, krypteres denne kommunikation med symmetriske nøgler.
 Adgang til NTP-servere
 Mange internetudbydere stiller en tidssserver til rådighed. Hvis man gerne vil bruge flere end de tidsservere, som internetudbyderen stiller til rådighed, kan man bruge tidsservere hos pool.ntp.org, der er et netværk af frivillige, som stiller tidsservere til rådighed. Som bruger vælger man hvilken region, man vil have tidsservere fra, og så bruges nogle tilfældige fra puljen. Serverne vælges via DNS, så hvis man skulle være uheldig med de servere, man har fået tildelt. kan man bare prøve på ny.
 Henvisninger
 Referenceimplementation af NTP
 Referenceimplementation af NTP – Windows
 RFC 1305 – specifikation
 Engelsksproget liste med stratum 2-servere.
 pool.ntp.org – pulje af NTP-servere.
 Internetteknologi
 Tidsbestemmelse


type: contracts

jurisdiction: EU

text:
 26.10.2012
 ET
 Euroopa Liidu Teataja
 C 326/1
 PROTOKOLL (nr 28)
 MAJANDUSLIKU, SOTSIAALSE JA TERRITORIAALSE ÜHTEKUULUVUSE KOHTA
 KÕRGED LEPINGUOSALISED,
 MEENUTADES, et Euroopa Liidu lepingu artiklis 3 sisaldub eesmärk edendada majanduslikku, sotsiaalset ja territoriaalset ühtekuuluvust ja solidaarsust liikmesriikide vahel ning et Euroopa Liidu lepingu artikli 4 lõike 2 punktis c on nimetatud ühtekuuluvus loetletud ühena liidu jagatud pädevuse valdkondadest,
 MEENUTADES, et kolmanda osa XVIII jao sätted majandusliku, sotsiaalse ja territoriaalse ühtekuuluvuse kohta on tervikuna õiguslik alus liidu meetmete ühendamiseks ja edasiarendamiseks majandusliku, sotsiaalse ja territoriaalse ühtekuuluvuse valdkonnas, sealhulgas uue fondi loomisel,
 MEENUTADES, et Euroopa Liidu toimimise lepingu artikli 177 sätted näevad ette ühtekuuluvusfondi rajamise,
 MÄRKIDES, et Euroopa Investeerimispank annab laenuks suuri ja kasvavaid summasid vaesemate piirkondade heaks,
 MÄRKIDES soovi, et kokkulepped eraldiste kohta struktuurifondidest oleksid paindlikumad,
 MÄRKIDES soovi muuta liidu osalustaset teatavate riikide programmides ja projektides,
 MÄRKIDES ettepanekut võtta rohkem arvesse liikmesriikide suhtelist jõukust omaressursside süsteemis,
 KINNITAVAD VEEL KORD, et majandusliku, sotsiaalse ja territoriaalse ühtekuuluvuse edendamine on liidu täieliku arengu ja kestva edu jaoks esmatähtis,
 KINNITAVAD VEEL KORD oma veendumust, et struktuurifondid peaksid jätkuvalt etendama kaalukat osa liidu eesmärkide saavutamisel ühtekuuluvuse valdkonnas,
 KINNITAVAD VEEL KORD oma veendumust, et Euroopa Investeerimispank peaks jätkuvalt pühendama enamiku oma ressurssidest majandusliku, sotsiaalse ja territoriaalse ühtekuuluvuse arendamisele, ning deklareerivad oma valmisolekut vaadata Euroopa Investeerimispanga kapitalivajadused läbi niipea kui vaja,
 LEPIVAD KOKKU, et ühtekuuluvusfond annab liidu rahalist toetust keskkonna ning üleeuroopaliste võrkude alaste projektide tarvis liikmesriikides, mille rahvamajanduse kogutoodang elaniku kohta on väiksem kui 90 % liidu keskmisest ning millel on olemas programm artiklis 126 sätestatud majanduslike lähenemiskriteeriumide täitmiseks,
 DEKLAREERIVAD oma kavatsust võimaldada suurem paindlikkus struktuurifondidest raha eraldamise suhtes teatavateks vajadusteks, mida ei reguleeri praegused struktuurifondide eeskirjad,
 DEKLAREERIVAD oma valmisolekut kohandada liidu osalustaset struktuurifondide programmide ja projektide raames, selleks et vältida vähemjõukate liikmesriikide eelarveliste kulutuste ülemäärast kasvu,
 TÕDEVAD vajadust jälgida korrapäraselt edusamme majandusliku, sotsiaalse ja territoriaalse ühtekuuluvuse saavutamise suunas ning deklareerivad oma valmisolekut uurida selles suhtes kõiki vajalikke meetmeid,
 DEKLAREERIVAD oma kavatsust võtta rohkem arvesse üksikute liikmesriikide toetusvõimet omaressursside süsteemis ning läbi vaadata vahendid, et korrigeerida vähemjõukate liikmesriikide suhtes regressiivseid elemente praeguses omaressursside süsteemis,
 LEPIVAD KOKKU, et käesolev protokoll lisatakse Euroopa Liidu lepingule ja Euroopa Liidu toimimise lepingule.


text:
Milenii: Mileniul I î.Hr. - Mileniul I - Mileniul al II-lea
 Secole: Secolul I - Secolul al II-lea - Secolul al III-lea
 Decenii: Anii 130 Anii 140 Anii 150 Anii 160 Anii 170 - Anii 180 - Anii 190 Anii 200 Anii 210 Anii 220 Anii 230
 Ani: 179 180 181 182 183 - 184 - 185 186 187 188 189
 Evenimente
 Arte, științe, literatură și filozofie
 Nașteri
 Decese
 184


text:
 Avis juridique important
 |
 21999A1231(09)
 Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Community and the Republic of Tajikistan amending the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Republic of Tajikistan on trade in textile products initialled at Brussels on 16 July 1993, as last amended by an Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters initialled on 22 November 1995 - Exchange of notes
 Official Journal L 343 , 31/12/1999 P. 0022 - 0025
 AGREEMENT IN THE FORM OF AN EXCHANGE OF LETTERSbetween the European Community and the Republic of Tajikistan amending the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Republic of Tajikistan on trade in textile products initialled at Brussels on 16 July 1993, as last amended by an Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters initialled on 22 November 1995A. Letter from the Council of the European UnionSir,1. I have the honour to refer to the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Republic of Tajikistan on trade in textile products initialled on 16 July 1993 (hereafter referred to as the "Agreement").2. In view of the expiry of the Agreement on 31 December 1999 and in accordance with Article 20(4) of the Agreement, the European Community proposes to extend the duration of the Agreement, for a further period of at least three years, subject to the following amendments and conditions:2.1. Annex I which sets out the products referred to in Article 1 of the Agreement is replaced by Appendix 1 to this letter.2.2. The text of Article 20(1), second and third sentences, of the Agreement shall be replaced by the following: "It shall be applicable until 31 December 2002. Thereafter, the application of all of the provisions of this Agreement shall be extended automatically for a period of one more year up to 31 December 2003, unless either Party notifies the other at least six months before 31 December 2002 that it does not agree with this extension."2.3. Textile categories 3, 4, 5 and 7 are exempted from the double-checking system referred to in Article 2(3) of the Agreement and specified in Protocol A. If, in a given year, the levels of imports of products of these textile categories exceed the rates specified in Article 5(2) of the Agreement, the double-checking system will be automatically reintroduced for these categories.3. Should the Republic of Tajikistan become a member of the World Trade Organisation before the date of expiry of the Agreement, the provisions of Articles 2(2) to (6), 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 to 19, Protocol A, Protocol B, Protocol C, Agreed Minutes No 1, Agreed Minutes No 2, Agreed Minutes No 3 and Agreed Minutes No 4 shall continue to be applicable as administrative arrangements within the meaning of Article 2(17) of the WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing.4. I should be obliged if you could kindly confirm your Government's acceptance of the foregoing. Should this be the case, this letter together with its appendix and your letter of acceptance will constitute an Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters which shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the day on which the Parties have notified each other that the legal procedures necessary to this end have been completed. In the meantime, it shall be applied provisionally from 1 January 2000 on conditions of reciprocity.Please accept, Sir, the assurance of my highest consideration.For the Council of the European UnionAppendix 1Annex I to the Agreement between the European Community and Tajikistan on trade in textile products initialled on 8 June 1993, containing the category and goods descriptions for textile products, is replaced by Annex I to Regulation (EEC) No 3030/93(1). It is understood that, without prejudice to the rules for the interpretation of the combined nomenclature, the wording of the description of goods is considered to be of indicative value only, since the products covered by each category are determined, within that Annex by CN codes. Where there is an "ex" symbol in front of a CN code, the products covered in each category are determined by the scope of the CN code and by that of the corresponding description.(1) In 1999 this Annex was amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1072/1999 (OJ L 134, 28.5.1999, p. 1).Appendix 2Exchange of NotesThe Directorate-General for Trade of the Commission of the European Union presents its compliments to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan and has the honour to refer to the Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Tajikistan on Trade in Textile Products initialled on 8 June 1993, as last amended by the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters initialled on 27 October 1999.The Directorate-General for Trade wishes to inform the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Tajikistan that, whilst awaiting the completion of the necessary procedures for the conclusion and coming into force of the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters, the European Community is prepared to allow the provisions of the Agreement to apply de facto from 1 January 2000. This is on the understanding that either Party may at any time terminate this de facto application of the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters provided that four months notice is given.The Directorate-General for Trade would be grateful if the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan would confirm its agreement to the foregoing.The Directorate-General for Trade of the Commission of the European Union avails itself of this opportunity to renew to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan the assurance of its highest consideration.B. Letter from the Government of the Republic of TajikistanSir,I have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your letter of today's date which reads as follows: "Sir,1. I have the honour to refer to the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Republic of Tajikistan on trade in textile products initialled on 16 July 1993 (hereafter referred to as the 'Agreement').2. In view of the expiry of the Agreement on 31 December 1999 and in accordance with Article 20(4) of the Agreement, the European Community proposes to extend the duration of the Agreement, for a further period of at least three years, subject to the following amendments and conditions:2.1. Annex I which sets out the products referred to in Article 1 of the Agreement is replaced by Appendix 1 to this letter.2.2. The text of Article 20(1), second and third sentences, of the Agreement shall be replaced by the following: 'It shall be applicable until 31 December 2002. Thereafter, the application of all of the provisions of this Agreement shall be extended automatically for a period of one more year up to 31 December 2003, unless either Party notifies the other at least six months before 31 December 2002 that it does not agree with this extension.'2.3. Textile categories 3, 4, 5 and 7 are exempted from the double-checking system referred to in Article 2(3) of the Agreement and specified in Protocol A. If, in a given year, the levels of imports of products of these textile categories exceed the rates specified in Article 5(2) of the Agreement, the double-checking system will be automatically reintroduced for these categories.3. Should the Republic of Tajikistan become a member of the World Trade Organisation before the date of expiry of the Agreement, the provisions of Articles 2(2) to (6), 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 to 19, Protocol A, Protocol B, Protocol C, Agreed Minutes No 1, Agreed Minutes No 2, Agreed Minutes No 3 and Agreed Minutes No 4 shall continue to be applicable as administrative arrangements within the meaning of Article 2(17) of the WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing.4. I should be obliged if you could kindly confirm your Government's acceptance of the foregoing. Should this be the case, this letter together with its appendix and your letter of acceptance will constitute an Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters which shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the day on which the Parties have notified each other that the legal procedures necessary to this end have been completed. In the meantime, it shall be applied provisionally from 1 January 2000 on conditions of reciprocity.Please accept, Sir, the assurance of my highest consideration."I have the honour to confirm that my Government is in agreement with the content of your letter.Please accept, Sir, the assurance of my highest consideration.For the Government of the Republic of TajikistanAppendix 1Annex I to the Agreement between the European Community and Tajikistan on trade in textile products initialled on 8 June 1993, containing the category and goods descriptions for textile products, is replaced by Annex I to Regulation (EEC) No 3030/93(1). It is understood that without prejudice to the rules for the interpretation of the combined nomenclature, the wording of the description of goods is considered to be of indicative value only, since the products covered by each category are determined, within that Annex by CN codes. Where there is an "ex" symbol in front of a CN code, the products covered in each category are determined by the scope of the CN code and by that of the corresponding description.(1) In 1999 this Annex was amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1072/1999 (OJ L 134, 28.5.1999, p. 1).Appendix 2Exchange of NotesThe Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan presents its compliments to the Directorate-General for Trade of the Commission of the European Union and has the honour to refer to the Note of the Directorate-General (date of Note Verbale) regarding the Agreement on trade in textile products initialled on 8 June 1993, as last amended by the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters initialled on 27 October 1999.The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan wishes to confirm to the Directorate-General for Trade that, whilst awaiting the completion of the necessary procedures for the conclusion and coming into force of the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters, the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan is prepared to allow the provisions of the Agreement to be applied de facto from 1 January 2000. This is on the understanding that either Party may at any time terminate this de facto application of the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters provided that four months notice is given.The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan avails itself of this opportunity to renew to the Directorate-General for Trade of the Commission of the European Union the assurance of its highest consideration.


text:
A szórványemlék egy nyelv első emléke, nyelvtörténeti forrás, amely egy idegen nyelvű szövegbe ágyazott szó, szókapcsolat vagy mondattömb.
 Hazai szórványemlékek
 1.) A tihanyi apátság alapítólevelében (1055) az alábbi magyar szavak találhatóak a latin szövegben:
 tichon=Tihany
 bolatin (szláv eredetű szó, jelentése: mocsaras) → Balaton
 munorau bukeur rea → mogyoróbokorra
 munorau kereku → mogyoróerdő
 fehervaru rea meneh hodu utu rea → Fehérvárra menő hadi útra
 rea → önálló szavak voltak eredetileg, de később egybeolvadtak magával a szóval. Sok ősi szavunkból az utolsó magánhangzó lekopott. Ezt hívjuk a tővéghangzó lekopásának.
 utu → út
 hadu → had
 varu → vár
 2.) A veszprémvölgyi apácák adománylevele
 3.) Váradi regestrum
 4.) Anonymus: Gesta Hungarorum
 Külföldi szórványemlékek
 1.) Konsztantinosz Porphürogenétosz: A birodalom kormányzásáról (De administrando imperio)
 Lásd még
 Szövegemlék
 Nyelvemlék
 Külső hivatkozások
 Az egyházi kultúra kezdetei
 A veszprémvölgyi apácák adománylevele
 Középkor – Magyar irodalom
 Heribert C, Pannonhalmi és Veszprémvölgyi Alapítólevél


text:
Automobile Dacia S.A. mais conhecida como Dacia (em pronuncia romena: [datʃi.a]) é uma empresa automobilística romena, fundada em 1966. Pertence ao Grupo Renault. O nome tem origem na região onde atualmente se encontra a Roménia, que era ocupada pelos dácios, a religião da Dácia.
 História
 A Dacia surgiu oficialmente sob o nome Uzina de Autoturisme Piteşti (UAP), em 1966, com sua fábrica sendo construída em Mioveni, próximo a Piteşti, na Roménia.
 Inicialmente, a Dacia adquiriu o ferramental e os desenhos básicos do modelo Renault 12, produzindo como o Dacia 1300 (nos mercados de exportação era conhecido como Dacia Denem). Pequenas mudanças estéticas foram feitas em poucos anos, em um esforço para aumentar o interesse do público em comprar um modelo mais recente, mas as principais características de design do carro ainda continuavam sem mudanças, tornando-o desatualizado. O Dacia 1300 chegou a ser produzido em versões hatchback, sedã e perua.
 Durante o período comunista, a Dacia possuía duas linhas de montagem paralelas: uma linha produziu o Dacia para o mercado romeno e outra linha produziu o mesmo carro, mas com elementos de melhor qualidade e melhor montado, destinado ao mercado de exportação. Era muito comum romenos que moravam na fronteira com a Hungria comprarem os modelos de exportação e voltarem para a Romênia os dirigindo.
 O primeiro acordo com a Renault data de 1966 e foi celebrado com o objetivo de produzir o R16 que, apesar de tudo, acabou não indo adiante. Desta forma, o primeiro modelo produzido pela marca Romena acabou sendo o Dacia 1100 em 1968. Este modelo era muito semelhante ao Renault 8 uma vez que a empresa fabricava veículos Renault sob licença. Até 1972 venderam-se cerca de 44 000 unidades do Dacia 1100.
 Na década de 80 surgiram inúmeros protótipos assim como variantes do Dacia 1310. Em 1990 foi feito um esforço para atualizar o design dos automóveis Dacia, o que levou ao lançamento de um novo modelo, o Dacia Nova. Apesar do esforço este modelo deixava ainda muito a desejar no que ao design dizia respeito. Com a entrada da Romênia na União Europeia todas as linhas de montagem foram renovadas e ampliadas.
 Após quase 30 anos de cooperação com Dacia, que fabricava veículos Renault sob licença, o Grupo Renault adquiriu em 1999, 51% no capital do fabricante romeno. Esta participação foi aumentada progressivamente para atingir 99,3% do capital em 2004.
 Com a aquisição, a Renault reforçou assim a sua presença no mercado automobilístico e contribuiu para atingir o objetivo de 4 milhões de veículos vendidos em 2010.
 O grupo Renault realizou 489 milhões de euros de investimento nestes últimos 5 anos para a modernização da Dacia, tendo como principais objetivos, a melhoria profunda da qualidade, formação do pessoal, etc.. Estes investimentos contribuíram nomeadamente para inaugurar novas linhas de montagem (motores e caixas de velocidade Renault), renovar as construções e renovar o equipamento informático.
 Modelos
 Dacia 1100 (1968-1971)
 Dacia 1300 (1969-1983) / Dacia Denem (no Reino Unido), com base no Renault 12.
 Dacia 1310 (1983-2004)
 Dacia 2000
 Dacia Duster / ARO 10 (1985 - 2005)
 Dacia 500 (Lăstun) (-1989)
 Dacia Brasovia coupè (protótipo)
 Dacia Gamma
 Dacia Jumbo Highrise van(protótipo)
 Dacia Liberta Hatchback
 Dacia Nova Minivan (prototype only)
 Dacia Nova (1995-2000) - (baseado no Peugeot 309)
 Dacia SuperNova (2000-2003)
 Dacia Solenza (2003-2005)
 Dacia Logan (2004-presente) - ( hoje chamado "Noul Logan" )
 Dacia Logan MCV (2006-presente)
 Dacia Sandero (2007-presente)
 Dacia Duster (2010-presente)
 Dacia Lodgy
 Dacia Dokker VAN
 Dacia Dokker
 Ligações externas
 Site oficial
 Fabricantes de automóveis da Romênia
 Empresas fundadas em 1966


type: caselaw

text:
 16.1.2010
 LT
 Europos Sąjungos oficialusis leidinys
 C 11/26
 2009 m. lapkričio 17 d. Pirmosios instancijos teismo sprendimas byloje Apollo Group prieš VRDT (THINKING AHEAD)
 (Byla T-473/08) (1)
 (Bendrijos prekių ženklas - Žodinio Bendrijos prekių ženklo THINKING AHEAD paraiška - Absoliutus atmetimo pagrindas - Skiriamojo požymio nebuvimas - Reglamento (EB) Nr. 40/94 7 straipsnio 1 dalies b punktas (dabar Reglamento (EB) Nr. 207/2009 7 straipsnio 1 dalies b punktas))
 2010/C 11/51
 Proceso kalba: anglų
 Šalys
 Ieškovė: Apollo Group, Inc. (Finiksas, Arizona, Jungtinės Valstijos), atstovaujama advokatų A. Link ir A. Jaeger-Lenz
 Atsakovė: Vidaus rinkos derinimo tarnyba (prekių ženklams ir pramoniniam dizainui), atstovaujama J. Crespo Carrillo
 Dalykas
 Ieškinys dėl 2008 m. rugpjūčio 14 d. VRDT antrosios apeliacinės tarybos sprendimo (byla R 728/2008-2), susijusio su paraiška įregistruoti žodinį žymenį THINKING AHEAD kaip Bendrijos prekių ženklą.
 Rezoliucinė dalis
 1.
 Atmesti ieškinį.
 2.
 Priteisti iš Apollo Group, Inc. bylinėjimosi išlaidas.
 (1) OL C 6, 2009 1 10.