text:
 EUROPSKA KOMISIJA
 Bruxelles, 25.5.2018.
 COM(2018) 341 final
 2018/0187(COD)
 Prijedlog
 ODLUKE EUROPSKOG PARLAMENTA I VIJEĆA
 o računalnoj obradi kretanja i nadzora trošarinske robe (preinaka)
 OBRAZLOŽENJE
 1.KONTEKST PRIJEDLOGA
 •Razlozi i ciljevi prijedloga
 Ovaj je prijedlog povezan s Prijedlogom direktive Vijeća o utvrđivanju općih aranžmana za trošarine u pogledu automatizacije postupka za kretanje trošarinske robe koja je puštena za potrošnju na državnom području jedne države članice i prebačena na državno područje druge države članice u svrhu dostave u komercijalne svrhe u toj drugoj državi članici.
 Odluka br. 1152/2003/EZ odluka je o uspostavi računalnog sustava (sustav kontrole kretanja trošarinskih proizvoda – EMCS). U ovom trenutku taj sustav obuhvaća samo kretanja trošarinske robe u sustavu odgode plaćanja trošarine. Potrebno je izmijeniti Odluku da bi se omogućila automatizacija postupka kretanja trošarinske robe koja je puštena za potrošnju na državnom području jedne države članice i prebačena na državno područje druge države članice u svrhu dostave u komercijalne svrhe u toj drugoj državi članici. Međutim, s obzirom da se takvim izmjenama mijenja većina odredbi Odluke, radi jasnoće trebalo bi tu odluku preinačiti.
 •Dosljednost s postojećim odredbama politike u određenom području
 Prijedlog je povezan s preinakom Direktive Vijeća 2008/118/EZ.
 •Dosljednost u odnosu na druge politike Unije
 Nije primjenjivo.
 2.PRAVNA OSNOVA, SUPSIDIJARNOST I PROPORCIONALNOST
 •Pravna osnova
 Prijedlog se temelji na članku 114. Ugovora o funkcioniranju Europske unije (UFEU). O tom je članku propisano da Europski parlament i Vijeće, odlučujući u skladu s redovnim zakonodavnim postupkom i nakon savjetovanja s Gospodarskim i socijalnim odborom, usvajaju mjere za usklađivanje odredaba zakona ili drugih propisa u državama članicama, čiji je cilj uspostava i funkcioniranje unutarnjeg tržišta.
 •Supsidijarnost (za neisključivu nadležnost)
 Načelo supsidijarnosti primjenjuje se u mjeri u kojoj prijedlog ne potpada pod isključivu nadležnost Europske unije.
 Države članice ne mogu zadovoljavajuće ostvariti ciljeve prijedloga, ali može ih se bolje ostvariti na razini Unije.
 •Razmjernost
 Predložena preinaka ne nadilazi ono što je potrebno za rješavanje predmetnih pitanja, a time i za ostvarivanje ciljeva Ugovora u pogledu pravilnog i djelotvornog funkcioniranja unutarnjeg tržišta.
 Prijedlog je u skladu s načelom proporcionalnosti kako je utvrđeno u članku 5. stavku 4. Ugovora o Europskoj uniji (UEU).
 Cilj je prijedloga proširenje EMCS-a na kretanja unutar EU-a trošarinske robe puštene za potrošnju da bi se pojednostavio postupak i omogućilo pravilno praćenje takvih kretanja, pružio temelj za upravljanje daljnjim automatizacijama postupaka utvrđenih trošarinskim zakonodavstvom Unije, u slučajevima kada se takva automatizacija smatra korisnom. Bez ovog prijedloga neće biti moguće koordinirano planiranje automatizacije kretanja trošarinske robe puštene za potrošnju unutar EU-a.
 •Odabir instrumenta
 Odabir instrumenta u potpunosti je u skladu s pravnim aktom koji je trenutačno na snazi. Budući da je prijedlog preinaka Odluke br. 1152/2003/EZ, on mora biti prijedlog odluke.
 3.REZULTATI EX POST EVALUACIJA, SAVJETOVANJA S DIONICIMA I PROCJENE UČINAKA
 •Ex post evaluacija/provjera primjerenosti postojećeg zakonodavstva
 Provedena je evaluacija Direktive 2008/118/EZ, a Prijedlog direktive Vijeća o utvrđivanju općih aranžmana za trošarine temelji se na toj evaluaciji i izvješću Komisije Vijeću i Europskom parlamentu „o provedbi i ocjeni Direktive Vijeća 2008/118/EZ od 16. prosinca 2008. o općim aranžmanima za trošarine” od 21. travnja 2017. (COM(2017) 184 final). U izvješću se ističe potreba za daljnjom automatizacijom, a ovaj se prijedlog odnosi samo na preinaku koja odražava tu opciju politike.
 •Savjetovanja s dionicima
 Savjetovanja s dionicima održana su u kontekstu revizije Direktive Vijeća 2008/118/EZ.
 •Procjena učinka
 Nije bila potrebna zasebna procjena učinka jer se opcija politike daljnje automatizacije zasniva na procjeni učinka za preinaku Direktive 2008/118/EZ.
 •Primjerenost propisa i pojednostavljivanje
 Ocjena Direktive 2008/118/EZ provedena je unutar okvira Komisijina programa REFIT. Komisija je u travnju 2017. podnijela Vijeću i Europskom parlamentu izvješće o provedbi i ocjeni Direktive Vijeća 2008/118/EZ.
 •Temeljna prava
 Nije primjenjivo.
 4.UTJECAJ NA PRORAČUN
 Financiranje glavnog projekta pokriveno je proračunom FISCALIS unutar odobrenih sredstava već predviđenih službenim financijskim programiranjem. Nisu potrebna dodatna sredstva iz proračuna EU-a. Usto, ova inicijativa neće dovoditi u pitanje prijedlog Komisije za sljedeći višegodišnji financijski okvir.
 Procjena troškova za administracije i gospodarske subjekte uključena je u procjenu učinka pripremljenu za preinaku Direktive 2008/118/EZ.
 5.OSTALI DIJELOVI
 •Planovi provedbe i mehanizmi praćenja, evaluacije i izvješćivanja
 Nije primjenjivo.
 •Dokumenti s obrazloženjima (za direktive)
 Nisu potrebni dodatni dokumenti s obrazloženjem o prenošenju odredaba ovog prijedloga.
 •Detaljno obrazloženje posebnih odredbi prijedloga
 Odluka br. 1152/2003/EZ odluka je o uspostavi računalnog sustava (sustav kontrole kretanja trošarinskih proizvoda – EMCS). U ovom trenutku obuhvaća samo kretanja trošarinske robe u sustavu odgode plaćanja trošarine. Potrebno je izmijeniti Odluku da bi se omogućila automatizacija postupka kretanja trošarinske robe koja je puštena za potrošnju na državnom području jedne države članice i prebačena na državno područje druge države članice u svrhu dostave u komercijalne svrhe u toj drugoj državi članici.
 Izmjene provedene u svrhu uopćavanja teksta Odluke utječu na većinu odredbi Odluke, čime bi se mogla omogućiti automatizacija bilo kojeg postupka upotrebljavanog za kretanje i praćenje trošarinske robe. Dio teksta potrebno je izbrisati jer sadržava reference na zastarjelo zakonodavstvo ili je izgubio značenje (jer je računalni sustav za postupak odgode plaćanja trošarine u radu tek od 2010.). Stoga se članci od 1. do 14. mijenjaju kako je predloženo u preinaci Odluke.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ (prilagođeno)
 2018/0187 (COD)
 Prijedlog
 ODLUKE EUROPSKOG PARLAMENTA I VIJEĆA
 o računalnoj obradi kretanja i nadzora trošarinskih proizvoda Ö trošarinske robe Õ (preinaka)
 EUROPSKI PARLAMENT I VIJEĆE EUROPSKE UNIJE,
 uzimajući u obzir Ugovor o osnivanju Europske zajednice Ö o funkcioniranju Europske unije Õ a posebno njegov članak 95. Ö 114. stavak 1. Õ ,
 uzimajući u obzir prijedlog Europske komisije,
 nakon prosljeđivanja nacrta zakonodavnog akta nacionalnim parlamentima,
 uzimajući u obzir mišljenje Europskoga gospodarskog i socijalnog odbora,
 u skladu s redovnim zakonodavnim postupkom,
 budući da:
 ò novo
 (1)Potreban je veći broj značajnih izmjena Odluke br. 1152/2003/EZ Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća
 1
 . Radi jasnoće tu bi Odluku trebalo preinačiti.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 1. (prilagođeno)
 (2)[Direktiva Vijeća 92/12/EEZ od 25. veljače 1992. o općim aranžmanima za proizvode koji podliježu trošarinama te o držanju i prometu tih proizvoda i njihovom praćenju
 2
 XXX/EZ
 3
 ] predviđa da se uz proizvode Ö robu Õ koji koja se u sustavu odgode plaćanja trošarine prevozei između državnih područja država članica priloži dokument koji je ispunio pošiljatelj.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 2. (prilagođeno)
 (3)Uredbom Komisije (EEZ) br. 2719/92 od 11. rujna 1992. o pratećem administrativnom dokumentu za prijevoz proizvoda koji podliježu trošarini u sustavu odgode plaćanja trošarina
 4
 (EZ) br. 684/2009
 5
 određuje oblik Ö se struktura Õ i sadržaj pratećeg dokumenta propisanog iz u [Direktive XXX/EZ 92/12/EEZ] Ö i postupci za njegovu primjenu Õ.
 ò novo
 (4)Kako bi se poboljšali pregledi i pojednostavilo kretanje trošarinske robe unutar Unije, Odlukom br. 1152/2003/EZ uspostavljen je računalni sustav.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 3. (prilagođeno)
 ð novo
 (5)Potrebno je Ö i ubuduće održavati i razvijati taj Õ imati takav računalni sustav za nadgledanje kretanja trošarinske proizvoda Ö robe Õ Ö , kako bi se Õ da se državama članicama omogući omogućilo dobivanje stvarne informacije o tim kretanjima i provođenje potrebnih Ö ručnih i automatiziranih Õ provjera uključujući provjere za vrijeme kretanja Ö trošarinske robe Õ proizvoda u smislu Ö poglavlja III., IV. i V. Õ članka 15. Direktive 92/12/EEZ XXX/EZ] ð i poglavlja IV. Uredbe Vijeća (EU) br. 389/2012
 6
 ï .
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 4. (prilagođeno)
 ð novo
 (6)Postavljanje Ö Izmjena i proširenje i rad računalnog sustava Õ računalnog sustava trebalo bi također omogućiti pojednostavnjenje kretanja Ö trošarinske robe Õ unutar Zajednice Ö Unije Õ robe u sustavu odgode plaćanja trošarine ð , kao i kretanja trošarinske robe koja je već puštena u potrošnju na državnom području države članice i prebačena na državno područje druge države članice u svrhu dostave u komercijalne svrhe ï .
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 12. (prilagođeno)
 ð novo
 (7)Ö Izmjena i proširenje Õ Uspostavljanje računalnog sustava služi ubrzanju aspekata unutarnjeg tržišta u vezi kretanja trošarinske robe. Svi fiskalni aspekti koji se odnose na kretanje trošarinske robe trebaju se razmatrati u okviru izmjena [Direktive 92/12/EEZ XXX/EZ] ð ili Uredbe (EU) br. 389/2012 ï . Ova Odluka ne dovodi u pitanje zakonsku osnovu bilo kojih budućih izmjena [Direktive 92/12/EEZ XXX/EZ] ð ili Uredbe (EU) br. 389/2012 ï .
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 9. (prilagođeno)
 (8)Također je potrebno Potrebno je definirati podjelu između sastavnica računalnog sustava Ö Unije Õ Zajednice i izvan Ö Unije Õ Zajednice te kao i odgovarajuće dužnosti Komisije i država članica s obzirom na razvoj i razmještaj sustava. Komisija bi u tom kontekstu i uz pomoć odgovarajućeg odbora trebala imati glavnu ulogu u koordinaciji i organizaciji sustava te upravljanja njime.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 5.
 Računalni sustav za kretanje unutar Zajednice i nadgledanje trošarinske robe (EMCS) treba biti usklađen i, ako je tehnički moguće, spojen s novim računalnim tranzitnim sustavom (NRTS) radi olakšavanja administrativnih i trgovačkih postupaka.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 6.
 Za potrebe provođenja ove Odluke, Komisija treba koordinirati aktivnosti država članica kako bi osigurala nesmetano funkcioniranje unutarnjeg tržišta.
 ò novo
 (9)Kako bi se osigurali jedinstveni uvjeti za provedbu mjera potrebnih za izmjenu i proširenje računalnog sustava te upravljanje njime, Komisiji bi trebalo dodijeliti provedbene ovlasti. Te bi ovlasti trebalo izvršavati u skladu s Uredbom (EU) br. 182/2011 Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća
 7
 .
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 10.
 (10)Potrebno je izvršiti pripreme za ocjenu provedbe računalnog sustava za nadgledanje trošarinske robe.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 13. (prilagođeno)
 ð novo
 (11)Prije nego što EMCS Ö novo proširenje računalnog sustava Õ počne s djelovanjem, a s obzirom na dosadašnje probleme, Komisija treba u suradnji s državama članicama i uzimajući u obzir gledišta predmetnih djelatnosti, ð istražiti jesu li ï pronaći načine kojima može unaprijediti ð još uvijek prikladni dosadašnji sustavi koji se temelje na papiru ï dosadašnji sustav koji se temelji na papiru.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 11. (prilagođeno)
 (12)Financiranje Ö Troškove računalnog Õ sustava trebaju dijeliti Zajednica Ö Unija Õ i države članice, izričito unoseći udio Zajednice kao takav u opći proračun Europske unije.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodne izjave 7. i 8. (prilagođeno)
 (13)Zbog veličine i složenosti takvog računalnog sustava i Zajednica Ö, Unija Õ i države članice trebaju znatno veći Ö osigurati Õ ljudski kadar i financijska sredstva za tu svrhu. U skladu s tim potrebno je donijeti odredbu po kojoj Komisija i države članice trebaju staviti na raspolaganje određena sredstva za razvoj i razmještaj sustava. Države članice trebale bi u razvoju nacionalnih sastavnica primijeniti načela utvrđena za vladine računalne sustave te se trebaju prema gospodarskim subjektima odnositi na isti način kao u drugim područjima gdje su računalni sustavi već postavljeni. Posebno bi trebale dopustiti gospodarskim subjektima, s naglaskom na malom i srednjem poduzetništvu aktivnom u ovom sektoru, da koriste te nacionalne sastavnice po najnižim mogućim cijenama te promicati sve mjere namijenjene očuvanju njihove konkurentnosti.
 ò novo
 (14)S obzirom na to da cilj ove Odluke, to jest osiguravanje temelja za upravljanje daljnjim automatizacijama postupaka definiranih zakonodavstvom Unije o trošarinama ne mogu dostatno ostvariti države članice, nego se taj cilj, time što se osigurava pravilno funkcioniranje unutarnjeg tržišta, na bolji način može ostvariti na razini Unije, Unija može donijeti mjere u skladu s načelom supsidijarnosti utvrđenim u članku 5. Ugovora o funkcioniranju Europske Unije. U skladu s načelom proporcionalnosti utvrđenim u tom članku, ova Odluka ne prelazi ono što je potrebno za ostvarivanje tog cilja,
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 14.
 Ova Odluka, za cijelo razdoblje potrebno za razvoj i razmještaj sustava, utvrđuje financijski okvir koji predstavlja prvu preporuku u smislu točke 33. Međuinstitucionalnog sporazuma od 6. svibnja 1999. između Europskog parlamenta, Vijeća i Komisije o proračunskoj disciplini i poboljšanju proračunskog postupka, za proračunsko tijelo tijekom godišnjeg proračunskog postupka.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ uvodna izjava 15.
 Mjere koje su potrebne za provođenje ove Odluke treba donijeti u skladu s Odlukom Vijeća 1999/468/EZ od 28. lipnja 1999. o utvrđivanju postupaka za izvršavanje provedbenih ovlasti dodijeljenih Komisiji,
 ê 1152/2003/EZ (prilagođeno)
 ð novo
 DONIJELI SU OVU ODLUKU:
 Članak 1.
 1.
 Ö Ovom se Odlukom predviđa upravljanje izmjenama i proširenjima računalnog sustava Õ Ovim se uspostavlja računalni sustav Ö korištenog za praćenje Õ kretanja i nadgledanja trošarinske Ö robe Õ proizvoda iz članka 3. 1. stavka 1. Direktive XXX/EZ92/12/EEZ, dalje u tekstu (‘računalni sustav)’.
 2.
 Računalni sustav je namijenjen za:
 (a)omogućavanje elektroničkog prijenosa pratećih Ö administrativnih Õ dokumenata propisanih ð Uredbom XXX/EZ i ï Uredbom (EEZ) br. 2719/92 (EU) br. 389/2012 i poboljšanje provjera;
 (b)poboljšanje funkcioniranja unutarnjeg tržišta pojednostavnjenjem kretanja Ö trošarinske robe Õ unutar Zajednice Ö Unije Õ proizvoda u sustavu odgode plaćanja trošarine i omogućavanjem državama članicama nadgledanja protoka u stvarnom vremenu te izvršavanje nužnih provjera kada je to potrebno.
 Članak 2.
 Države članice i Komisija uspostavljaju računalni sustav u roku od šest godina od dana stupanja na snagu ove Odluke.
 Aktivnosti vezane uz pokretanje uvođenja Ö proširenje Õ računalnog sustava započinju najkasnije 12 mjeseci nakon stupanja na snagu ove Odluke.
 Članak 3.
 1.
 Računalni se sustav sastoji od sastavnica Ö Unije Õ Zajednice i sastavnica koje nisu sastavnice Ö Unije Õ Zajednice.
 2.
 Komisija osigurava da se u radu na sastavnicama računalnog sustava Zajednice Ö Unije Õ detaljna pozornost posveti što većem ponovnom korištenju Ö postojećih Õ sustava NCTS i osiguravanju da je računalni sustav kompatibilan Ö s drugim relevantnim računalnim sustavima Komisije i država članica te osiguravanju Õ i, ako je tehnički moguće, integriran u NCTS s ciljem stvaranja integriranog računalnog sustava ð skupa računalnih sustava ï za nadzor i kretanje trošarinske robe unutar Zajednice Ö Unije Õ i kretanja robe koja podliježe drugim porezima i teretima te koja dolazi iz trećih zemalja ili odlazi u njih.
 3.
 Sastavnice sustava Zajednice Ö Unije Õ su zajedničke specifikacije, tehnički proizvodi, usluge Zajedničke komunikacijske mreže/sučelja mreže zajedničkih sustava i usluge koordiniranja koje koriste sve države članice, isključujući bilo koje vrste ili posebnih karakteristika bilo koje takve usluge namijenjene zadovoljavanju nacionalnih potreba.
 4.
 Sastavnice sustava koje nisu sastavnice Zajednice Ö Unije Õ su nacionalne specifikacije, nacionalne baze podataka koje čine dio sustava, mrežne veze između sastavnica Zajednice Ö Unije Õ i sastavnica izvan Zajednice Ö Unije Õ , te bilo kojeg softvera ili opreme koju država članica drži nužnom za osiguravanje potpunog korištenja sustava kroz njegovu administraciju.
 Članak 4.
 1.
 Komisija, u skladu s postupkom iz članka 7. stavka 2., koordinira uspostavu i vođenje Ö izmjenu i proširenje sastavnica računalnog sustava Unije te upravljanje njima, kao Õ sastavnica računalnog sustava Zajednice i sastavnica koje nisu sastavnice Zajednice Ö Unije Õ, i to posebno:
 (a)infrastrukturu i sredstva potrebna za osiguravanje unutrašnjih poveznica sustava i sveukupnog međudjelovanja unutar sustava;
 (b)razvoj sigurnosne politike najvišeg mogućeg standarda, kako bi se spriječio neovlašteni pristup podacima i jamčila nepovredivost sustava;
 (c)instrumente za iskorištavanje podataka u borbi protiv prijevare.
 2.
 Kako bi se postigli ciljevi iz stavka 1., Komisija sklapa potrebne ugovore o uspostavi Ö izmjeni i proširenju Õ sastavnica računalnog sustava Zajednice Ö Unije Õ i, u suradnji s državama članicama koje se sastaju unutar Odbora iz članka 7. stavka 1., sastavlja glavni plan i planove upravljanja koji su potrebni za uspostavu Ö izmjenu i proširenje sustava te upravljanje njime Õ i vođenje sustava.
 U glavnom planu i planovima upravljanja navode se početne i redovite zadaće koje moraju provesti Komisija i svaka država članica. Planovi upravljanja navode datume završetka radova za zadatke koji su potrebni za izvršenje svakog projekta koji je naveden u glavnom planu.
 Članak 5.
 1.
 Države članice osiguravaju dovršenje početnih i redovitih zadaća Ö dovršavaju početne i redovite zadaće Õ koje su im povjerene do datuma koji je naveden u planovima upravljanja iz članka 4. stavka 2.
 One izvješćuju Komisiju o rezultatima svakog zadatka i o datumu njegovog završetka. Komisija će redom o tome Ö izvješćuje Õ obavijestiti Odbor iz članka 7. stavka 1.
 2.
 Nijedna država članica Ö Države članice Õ ne poduzimaju poduzima radnje vezane uz uspostavu ili vođenje računalnog sustava Ö izmjenu i proširenje računalnog sustava te upravljanje njime Õ koje bi mogle utjecati na unutrašnje veze sustava i cjelokupno međusobno funkcioniranje ili njegovo funkcioniranje kao cjeline.
 Bilo koje mjere koje država članica želi poduzeti, a koje bi mogle utjecati ili na unutarnje veze računalnog sustava i cjelokupno međusobno funkcioniranje ili na njegovo funkcioniranje kao cjeline, moguće je poduzeti jedino uz prethodnu suglasnost Komisije, u skladu s postupkom utvrđenim u članku 7. stavku 2.
 3.
 Države članice Komisiju redovno izvješćuju o svim mjerama koje su poduzele kako bi ovlastile vlastitu administraciju da u potpunosti iskoristi računalni sustav. Komisija o tome izvješćuje Odbor iz članka 7. stavka 1.
 Članak 6.
 ð Komisija donosi provedbene akte kojima se utvrđuju ï U skladu s postupkom navedenim u članku 7. stavku 2. donose se mjere potrebne za provođenje ove Odluke koje se odnose na uspostavu i vođenje Ö izmjenu i proširenje Õ računalnog sustava Ö te upravljanje njime Õ i na Ö u pogledu Õ pitanja iz članka 4. stavka 1. i članka 5. stavka 2. drugog podstavka . drugog podstavka članka 5. stavka 2 ð Ti se provedbeni akti donose u skladu s postupkom ispitivanjaï Öiz članka 7. stavka 2Õ. Ove provedbene mjere ne utječu na odredbe Zajednice Ö Unije Õ u vezi s povećanjem i provjerom neizravnih poreza ili administrativnom suradnjom i međusobnom pomoći u pitanjima neizravnog oporezivanja.
 Članak 7.
 1.
 Komisiji pomaže Odbor za trošarineuspostavljen člankom 24. Direktive 92/12/EEZ. Ö Navedeni odbor je odbor u smislu Uredbe (EU) br. 182/2011. Õ
 2.
 Pri upućivanju na ovaj stavak primjenjuju primjenjuje se članci 4. i 7. Odluke 1999/468/EZ ð članak 5. Uredbe (EU) br. 182/2011 ï uzimajući u obzir odredbe njezinog članka 8.
 Razdoblje iz članka 4. stavka 3. Odluke 1999/468/EZ iznosi tri mjeseca.
 3.
 Odbor donosi svoj poslovnik.
 Članak 8.
 1.
 Komisija poduzima sve ostale potrebne korake kako bi se uvjerila da se Ö provjerava izvršavaju li se Õ mjere koje se financiraju iz općeg proračuna Europske unije izvršavaju pravilno i u skladu s odredbama ove Odluke.
 U suradnji s državama članicama koje se sastaju u Odboru iz članka 7. stavka 1. redovito nadgleda različite razvojne i razmještajne faze računalnog sustava s ciljem utvrđivanja ispunjenja postavljenih ciljeva i izdavanja smjernica o tome kako povećati učinkovitost aktivnosti koje su uključene u uvođenje računalnog sustava.
 2.
 Komisija Odboru iz članka 7. stavka 2. podnosi privremeno izvješće o djelatnostima nadzora 30 mjeseci nakon stupanja na snagu ove Odluke. Ako je primjereno, ovo izvješće navodi metode i kriterije koje je potrebno koristiti u kasnijoj procjeni funkcioniranja računalnog sustava.
 23.
 ð Pet godina nakon stupanja ove Odluke na snagu i svakih pet godina nakon toga, ï Po isteku šestogodišnjeg razdoblja iz prvog podstavka članka 2. Komisija Europskom parlamentu i Vijeću predaje izvješće o provedbi Ö i radu Õ računalnog sustava.
 Ovo izvješće, među ostalim, navodi metode i kriterije koje je potrebno koristiti u kasnijoj procjeni funkcioniranja tog sustava.
 Članak 9.
 O razvoju i razmještaju računalnog sustava Komisija izvješćuje zemlje koje su se prijavile za članstvo u Europskoj u Uniji te one, ako žele, mogu sudjelovati u testiranjima koja se trebaju obaviti.
 Članak 10.
 1.
 Troškovi uspostave Ö izmjene i proširenja Õ računalnog sustava dijele se između Zajednice Ö Unije Õ i država članica u skladu sa stavcima 2. i 3.
 2.
 Zajednica Ö Unija Õ snosi troškove dizajna, nabave, postavljanja i održavanja sastavnica računalnog sustava Zajednice Ö Unije Õ i tekućih operativnih troškova tih sastavnica Zajednice Ö Unije Õ koje su postavljene u prostorijama Komisije ili u prostorijama koje pripadaju podizvođaču kojeg je odredila Komisija.
 3.
 Države članice snose troškove postavljanja i upravljanja Ö izmjene i proširenja Õ sastavnicama sustava koje nisu sastavnice Zajednice Ö Unije Õ Ö te upravljanja njima Õ, kao i tekuće operativne troškove sastavnica Zajednice Ö Unije Õ koje su postavljene u njihovim prostorijama ili u prostorijama koje pripadaju podizvođaču kojeg je odredila ta država članica.
 Članak 11.
 1.
 Financijski okvir za financiranje računalnog sustava za razdoblje određeno prvim podstavkom članka 2. ovim se određuje na 35000000 EUR u mjeri koja se tiče općeg proračuna Europske unije.
 1. Godišnje raspodjele, uključujući raspodjele za korištenje i rad sustava nakon gore navedenog provedbenog razdoblja, odobrava proračunsko tijelo u granicama financijske perspektive Ö utvrđene Uredbom (EU) br. 1286/2013 Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća
 8
 Õ .
 2.
 Države članice procjenjuju i pribavljaju sredstva i osoblje potrebno za ispunjavanje obveza iz članka 5. Komisija i države članice osiguravaju osoblje te novčana i tehnička sredstva potrebna za uspostavu i vođenje Ö izmjenu, proširenje, rad i daljnji razvoj Õ računalnog sustava.
 ê
 Članak 12.
 Odluka 1152/2003/EZ stavlja se izvan snage.
 Upućivanja na odluku stavljenu izvan snage smatraju se upućivanjima na ovu Odluku i čitaju se u skladu s korelacijskom tablicom iz Priloga.
 ê 1152/2003/EZ (prilagođeno)
 Članak 13.
 Ova Odluka stupa na snagu na dan Ö dvadesetog dana od dana Õ objave u Službenom listu Europske unije.
 Članak 14.
 Ova je Odluka upućena državama članicama.
 Sastavljeno u Bruxellesu
 Za Europski parlament
 Za Vijeće
 Predsjednik
 Predsjednik
 (1)
 Odluka br. 1152/2003/EZ Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 16. lipnja 2003. o računalnoj obradi kretanja i nadzora trošarinskih proizvoda (SL L 162, 1.7.2003., str. 5.).
 (2)
 (SL L 76, 23.3.1992., str. 1.
 (3)
 Direktiva Vijeća xxx/EZ od (SL L, , str.).
 (4)
 SL L 276, 19.9.1992., str. 1. Uredba kako je izmijenjena Uredbom (EEZ) br. 2225/93 (SL L 198, 7.8.1993., str. 5.).
 (5)
 Uredba Komisije (EZ) br. 684/2009 od 24. srpnja 2009. o provedbi Direktive Vijeća 2008/118/EZ s obzirom na računalnu obradu postupaka za kretanje trošarinske robe u sustavu odgode plaćanja trošarine (SL L 197, 29.7.2009., str. 24.).
 (6)
 Uredba Vijeća (EU) br. 389/2012 od 2. svibnja 2012. o upravnoj suradnji u području trošarina i stavljanju izvan snage Uredbe (EZ) br. 2073/2004 (SL L 121, 8.5.2012., str. 1.).
 (7)
 Uredba (EU) br. 182/2011 Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 16. veljače 2011. o utvrđivanju pravila i općih načela u vezi s mehanizmima nadzora država članica nad izvršavanjem provedbenih ovlasti Komisije (SL L 55, 28.2.2011., str. 13.).
 (8)
 Uredba (EU) br. 1286/2013 Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 11. prosinca 2013. o donošenju akcijskog programa za poboljšanje rada poreznih sustava u Europskoj uniji za razdoblje 2014. – 2020. (Fiscalis 2020) i ukidanju Odluke br. 1482/2007/EZ (SL L 347, 20.12.2013., str. 25.).
 ---documentbreak---
 EUROPSKA KOMISIJA
 Bruxelles,25.5.2018.
 COM(2018) 341 final
 PRILOG
 Prijedlog odluke Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća
 o računalnoj obradi kretanja i nadzora trošarinske robe (preinaka)
 PRILOG 1. Korelacijska tablica
 Odluka br. 1152/2003/EZ
 Ova Odluka
 Članak 1.
 Članak 1.
 Članak 2. prvi stavak
 _
 Članak 2. drugi stavak
 Članak 2.
 Članak 3.
 Članak 3.
 Članak 4.
 Članak 4.
 Članak 5.
 Članak 5.
 Članak 6.
 Članak 6.
 Članak 7. stavak 1.
 Članak 7. stavak 1.
 Članak 7. stavak 2.
 Članak 7. stavak 2.
 Članak 7. stavak 3.
 –
 Članak 8. stavak 1.
 Članak 8. stavak 1.
 Članak 8. stavak 2.
 –
 Članak 8. stavak 3.
 Članak 8. stavak 2.
 Članak 9.
 Članak 9.
 Članak 10.
 Članak 10.
 Članak 11. stavak 1. prvi podstavak
 _
 Članak 11. stavak 1. drugi podstavak
 Članak 11. stavak 1.
 Članak 11. stavak 2.
 Članak 11. stavak 2.
 –
 Članak 12.
 Članak 12.
 Članak 13.
 Članak 13.
 Članak 14.
 _
 Prilog


type: other

text:
Noodweg: achteringang - Recht & Vastgoed.nl
 De meeste eigenaren van een strook grond met daarop een woning of een bedrijfsruimte zouden hun perceel ook graag via de achterzijde willen bereiken. Gelukkig kunnen veel eigenaren gebruik maken van een gezamenlijk pad of een erfdienstbaarheid. Andere eigenaren hebben niet deze luxe. Kunnen zij verlangen dat zij via een naburig perceel een noodweg krijgen om aan de achterzijde van het perceel te komen?
 In dit webartikel wordt besproken dat een perceeleigenaar slechts zelden kan afdwingen dat een andere perceeleigenaar een noodweg moet toestaan ten behoeve van een achteringang. Dit webartikel is een nadere uitwerking van het algemene webartikel over de noodweg. De lezer wordt ook verwezen naar dit algemene webartikel. De noodweg ten behoeve van een vluchtweg werd in een ander artikel besproken.
 Wel of geen sprake van een behoorlijke exploitatie?
 Een noodweg kan slechts worden afgedwongen als zonder noodweg een behoorlijke exploitatie van het ingesloten perceel niet mogelijk is. Onder bepaalde omstandigheden kan voor een erf dat al een toegang heeft naar de openbare weg (de voorzijde) toch nog een noodweg worden aangewezen, wanneer de bestaande toegang niet voldoende is om een behoorlijke exploitatie mogelijk te maken. Of een behoorlijke exploitatie al dan niet mogelijk is hangt af van de concrete omstandigheden van het geval.
 Hierna zal blijken dat rechters niet vaak aannemen dat een perceel zonder achteringang niet behoorlijk geëxploiteerd kan worden. Zo’n noodweg wordt dus niet vaak toegewezen. Hierna bespreek ik diverse gepubliceerde uitspraken. Gemakshalve maak ik onderscheid tussen kwesties die spelen bij woningen en bij bedrijven.
 Een huiseigenaar die noodgedwongen met de afvalcontainers, de fietsen, de motor en de kinderwagen vanuit de achtertuin door de woning naar de openbare weg moet rijden heeft pech. Voor een behoorlijke exploitatie is het niet noodzakelijk, maar slechts gerieflijk dat deze buitenom de woning kunnen worden vervoerd.[1] Het is weliswaar ongemakkelijk om deze door het huis te slepen, maar slechts dit ongemak betekent niet dat gewone exploitatie van de woning niet mogelijk is.[2] Er wordt dan geen noodweg toegewezen.
 Kan de wens om aan de achterzijde een auto te parkeren leiden tot het aanwijzen van een noodweg? Dit is zelden het geval. Het is niet vanzelfsprekend dat op het eigen perceel met een of meerdere auto’s kan worden geparkeerd.[3] Kijk maar naar woningen die gelegen in zijn stegen, op woonerven of in hoogbouwcomplexen. In al die gevallen zullen bewoners en bezoekers hun auto’s verderop moeten parkeren. Het voorgaande geldt ook wanneer nota bene aan de achterzijde van de woning een garage of parkeerplaats aanwezig is.[4]
 In het algemeen doet een gebrek aan een parkeerplaats, of het nu aan de voorzijde of achterzijde is, dus niet af aan een goede exploitatie van een woning. Wanneer het parkeren aan de openbare weg wel mogelijk is, maar dit slechts een risico op schade aan de auto oplevert, dan komt hieraan geen relevante betekenis toe. Deze omstandigheden gelden immers voor iedere woning zonder parkeergelegenheid op het eigen perceel.[5]
 Maar wanneer verderop ook geen parkeerplaats is en parkeren op de weg niet mogelijk is, hoeft ook niet verwacht te worden dat aldaar toch wordt geparkeerd.[6] In theorie is het dus denkbaar dat als de afstand tot de eerste werkelijk veilige parkeerplaats maar groot genoeg is, het voor het gebruik van de woning noodzakelijk kan zijn dat auto’s worden geparkeerd achter de woning.[7]
 Het feit dat een woning zonder eigen parkeergelegenheid aan de voorzijde of achterzijde minder waard is kan niet als een relevante omstandigheid gelden. Deze verminderde waarde staat niet aan een behoorlijke exploitatie van de betreffende woning in de weg.[8]
 Bij de vraag of sprake kan zijn van een behoorlijke exploitatie wordt meer gewicht toegekend aan de aard van het perceel dan de wijze van gebruik. Dit bleek uit een kwestie waarin een huiseigenaar achterop het erf een boot had gestald. Hij gebruikte die boot dagelijks voor zijn beroep. Dit was onvoldoende om een noodweg te kunnen aanwijzen.[9]
 Een specifieke levensstijl is ook niet van invloed. Zo kan een huiseigenaar die zijn woning per sé wilde verwarmen met een houtkachel geen aanspraak maken op een noodweg om boomstammen naar de achterzijde te brengen.[10]
 Van de noodlijdende woningeigenaar mag verwacht worden dat hij eerst zelf alle mogelijkheden beproeft om een toegang te verkrijgen zonder dat hij hiervoor het perceel van een ander gaat belasten. Van deze persoon mag verwacht worden dat hij een doorgang over zijn eigen grond realiseert naar de achter de woning gelegen opstallen door het verwijderen van struiken of een heg.[11]
 Ook bij bedrijven is de rechter streng. Ook hier gaat de rechter er niet snel van uit dat een perceel zonder noodweg niet behoorlijk kan worden geëxploiteerd. Het gaat hier met name om kwesties waarbij de bevoorrading zonder noodweg spaak loopt. De meest efficiënte en goedkope manier is om een bedrijf te bevoorraden met een vrachtauto. Maar wat als er slechts een smal pad ligt naar (de achterzijde van) de bedrijfsruimte?
 Er zal gekeken moeten worden of het mogelijk is om zware vrachten over te laden op een heftruck of ander rollend materieel dat wel over een aanwezig smal pad kan. Voor het recht op een noodweg is onvoldoende wanneer de perceeleigenaar zijn huidige werkwijze daardoor zal moeten aanpassen. Dat kan weliswaar onhandig zijn, maar het is niet onmogelijk.[12]
 Ook is an sich onvoldoende dat de perceeleigenaar meer kosten zal moeten maken, bijvoorbeeld omdat er extra heen en weer gereden moet worden.[13] Het is de noodlijdende perceeleigenaar die zal moeten aantonen dat een behoorlijke exploitatie van de onderneming op deze wijze (financieel) niet meer mogelijk is.[14]
 Wanneer het aanwijzen van een noodweg niet aan de orde is omdat, ondanks het overladen, een behoorlijke exploitatie van het perceel nog mogelijk wordt geacht, komt men niet toe aan een afweging van de belangen.
 Wat als iemand aan de achterzijde van een woning een bedrijf uitoefent? In het geval waarin iemand achterin zijn woning een fotostudio had ingericht en het zowat onmogelijk was om grote voorwerpen daarin te plaatsen werd eveneens geoordeeld dat een behoorlijke exploitatie nog gewoon mogelijk was. De eiser had onvoldoende gesteld om het tegenovergestelde aan te tonen. De rechter kende ook hier gewicht toe aan de aard van het erf (namelijk een woning).[15]
 Een perceeleigenaar kan slechts zelden afdwingen dat een andere perceeleigenaar een noodweg moet toestaan ten behoeve van een achteringang. Dit kan alleen wanneer een perceel zonder achteringang niet behoorlijk kan worden geëxploiteerd. Bij woningen is er sowieso al zelden sprake van zo’n situatie. Ook bij bedrijven mag van de ondernemer worden verwacht dat hij veel ongemakken voor zijn eigen rekening neemt.
 [1] Rechtbank Alkmaar 8 maart 2006, ECLI:NL:RBALK:2006:AV3992
 [2] Gerechtshof ’s-Hertogenbosch 17 mei 2016, ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2016:1928; Rechtbank Utrecht 7 april 2010, ECLI:NL:RBUTR:2010:BM0384
 [3] Gerechtshof ’s-Hertogenbosch 26 augustus 2008, ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2008:BF0448; Gerechtshof ’s-Hertogenbosch 29 mei 2007, ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2007:BA7224
 [4] Gerechtshof ’s-Hertogenbosch 29 mei 2007, ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2007:BA7224; Rechtbank Zeeland-West-Brabant 18 november 2015, ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2015:7861; Gerechtshof ’s-Gravenhage 24 juli 2012, ECLI:NL:GHSGR:2012:BX3114; Gerechtshof ’s-Gravenhage 17 augustus 2010, ECLI:NL:GHSGR:2010:BN4770
 [5] Gerechtshof ’s-Hertogenbosch 26 augustus 2008, ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2008:BF0448
 [6] Rechtbank Utrecht 16 november 2005, ECLI:NL:RBUTR:2005:AU6543
 [7] Rechtbank Utrecht 16 november 2005, ECLI:NL:RBUTR:2005:AU6543
 [8] Gerechtshof ’s-Hertogenbosch 26 augustus 2008, ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2008:BF0448
 [9] Rechtbank Rotterdam 6 juni 2012, ECLI:NL:RBROT:2012:BW9079
 [10] Gerechtshof ’s-Hertogenbosch 4 april 2017, ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2017:1540
 [11] Rechtbank Zeeland-West-Brabant 18 november 2015, ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2015:7861
 [12] Rechtbank Utrecht 3 augustus 2011, ECLI:NL:RBUTR:2011:BT7258
 [13] Rechtbank Zutphen 31 oktober 2007, ECLI:NL:RBZUT:2007:BC0947
 [14] Rechtbank Rotterdam 30 mei 2013, ECLI:NL:RBROT:2013:CA1499
 [15] Rechtbank Rotterdam 6 juni 2012, ECLI:NL:RBROT:2012:BW9079


type: caselaw

jurisdiction: EU

text:
 26.1.2008
 PL
 Dziennik Urzędowy Unii Europejskiej
 C 22/38
 Skarga wniesiona w dniu 30 listopada 2007 r. — Komisja Wspólnot Europejskich przeciwko Republice Greckiej
 (Sprawa C-541/07)
 (2008/C 22/67)
 Język postępowania: grecki
 Strony
 Strona skarżąca: Komisja Wspólnot Europejskich (przedstawiciel: M. Patakia)
 Strona pozwana: Republika Grecka
 Żądania strony skarżącej
 —
 stwierdzenie, że zakazując na mocy dekretu ministerstwa transportu z dnia 3 marca 2004 r. nr 12078/1343, interpretowanego na podstawie okólnika z dnia 28 lipca 2004 r. nr 45007/4795 wydanego przez dyrekcję ds. bezpieczeństwa drogowego i środowiska naturalnego, stosowania w ogólny sposób na szybach samochodowych powłok na szyby wyprodukowanych lub sprzedawanych zgodnie z prawem na rynku innych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej, Republika Grecka uchybiła zobowiązaniom, które ciążą na niej na mocy art. 28 i art. 30 WE;
 —
 obciążenie Republiki Greckiej kosztami postępowania.
 Zarzuty i główne argumenty
 1.
 Po otrzymaniu skargi Komisja zbadała greckie ustawodawstwo zakazujące stosowania powłok na szyby na przedniej szybie pojazdu i w sposób ogólny na szybach samochodowych.
 2.
 Komisja twierdzi, że zakaz nie jest objęty zakresem zastosowania dyrektywy 92/22/EWG zmienionej dyrektywą 2001/92/WE i, w braku harmonizacji na poziomie wspólnotowym, powinien być zbadany w kontekście art. 28 i 30 WE.
 3.
 Taki zakaz stanowi środek o skutku równoważnym do ograniczenia ilościowego w swobodnym przepływie towarów, sprzeczny z art. 28 WE zważywszy, że stanowi przeszkodę w sprzedaży w Grecji takich powłok, które są produkowane i sprzedawane zgodnie z prawem w innych państwach członkowskich.
 4.
 Ponadto Komisja zauważa, że władze greckie nie zdołały przedstawić dostatecznych dowodów świadczących, że środek był uzasadniony i proporcjonalny.
 5.
 W szczególności nie zostało wykazane, że istnieją kryteria pozwalające stwierdzić w toku kontroli, czy omawiane powłoki spełniają określone minimalne wymogi, zgodnie z tym co twierdzą władze greckie.
 6.
 W rezultacie Komisja twierdzi, że omawiane ustawodawstwo stanowi naruszenie art. 28 WE, które nie może być uzasadnione na podstawie art. 30 WE ani nadrzędnymi względami interesu publicznego w rozumieniu orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Wspólnot Europejskich.


type: legislation

jurisdiction: US

text:
 II
 Calendar No. 781
 110th CONGRESS
 2d Session
 S. 570
 [Report No. 110–349]
 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED
 STATES
 February 13,
 2007
 Mr. Warner (for himself and
 Mr. Webb) introduced the following bill;
 which was read twice and referred to the
 Committee on Energy and Natural
 Resources
 June 16, 2008
 Reported by Mr.
 Bingaman, with an amendment
 Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert
 the part printed in italic
 A BILL
 To designate additional National Forest
 System lands in the State of Virginia as wilderness or a wilderness study area,
 to designate the Kimberling Creek Potential Wilderness Area for eventual
 incorporation in the Kimberling Creek Wilderness, to establish the Seng
 Mountain and Bear Creek Scenic Areas, to provide for the development of trail
 plans for the wilderness areas and scenic areas, and for other
 purposes.
 1.Short title and table of contents
 (a)Short titleThis Act may be cited as the
 Virginia Ridge and Valley Act of
 2007.
 (b)Table of contentsThe table of contents for this Act is as
 follows:
 Sec. 1. Short title and table of
 contents.
 Sec. 2. Designation of additional
 National Forest System lands in Jefferson National Forest, Virginia, as
 wilderness or a wilderness study area.
 Sec. 3. Designation of Kimberling Creek
 Potential Wilderness Area, Jefferson National Forest, Virginia.
 Sec. 4. Designation of Seng Mountain and
 Bear Creek Scenic Areas, Jefferson National Forest, Virginia.
 Sec. 5. Trail plan and
 development.
 2.Designation of additional National Forest
 System lands in Jefferson National Forest, Virginia, as wilderness or a
 wilderness study area
 (a)Designation of wildernessSection 1 of Public Law 100–326 (102 Stat.
 584; 16 U.S.C. 1132 note), as amended by Public Law 106–471 (114 Stat. 2057),
 is further amended—
 (1)in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
 striking System— and inserting System:;
 (2)by striking certain at the
 beginning of paragraphs (1) through (8) and inserting
 Certain;
 (3)by striking the semicolon at the end of
 paragraphs (1) through (6) and inserting a period;
 (4)by striking ; and at the end
 of paragraph (7) and inserting a period; and
 (5)by adding at the end the following new
 paragraphs:
 (9)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 3,769 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Brush Mountain and Brush Mountain East and dated
 February 2007, and which shall be known as the Brush Mountain East
 Wilderness.
 (10)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 4,794 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Brush Mountain and Brush Mountain East and dated
 February 2007, and which shall be known as the Brush Mountain
 Wilderness.
 (11)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 4,223 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Seng Mountain and Raccoon Branch and dated February
 2007, and which shall be known as the Raccoon Branch Wilderness.
 (12)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 3,270 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Stone Mountain and dated February 2007, and which
 shall be known as the Stone Mountain Wilderness.
 (13)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 8,470 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Hunting Camp Creek and Garden Mountain and dated
 February 2007, and which shall be known as the Hunting Camp Creek
 Wilderness.
 (14)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 3,291 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Hunting Camp Creek and Garden Mountain and dated
 February 2007, and which shall be known as the Garden Mountain
 Wilderness.
 (15)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 5,476 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Mountain Lake Additions and dated February 2007,
 and which are hereby incorporated in the Mountain Lake Wilderness designated by
 section 2(6) of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (Public Law 98–586; 98
 Stat. 3105).
 (16)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 308 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Lewis Fork Addition and Little Wilson Creek
 Additions and dated February 2007, and which are hereby incorporated in
 the Lewis Fork Wilderness designated by section 2(3) of the Virginia Wilderness
 Act of 1984 (Public Law 98–586; 98 Stat. 3105).
 (17)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 1,845 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Lewis Fork Addition and Little Wilson Creek
 Additions and dated February 2007, and which are hereby incorporated in
 the Little Wilson Creek Wilderness designated by section 2(5) of the Virginia
 Wilderness Act of 1984 (Public Law 98–586; 98 Stat. 3105).
 (18)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 2,249 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Shawvers Run Additions and dated February 2007, and
 which are hereby incorporated in the Shawvers Run Wilderness designated by
 paragraph (4).
 (19)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 1,203 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Peters Mountain Addition and dated February 2007,
 and which are hereby incorporated in the Peters Mountain Wilderness designated
 by section 2(7) of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (Public Law 98–586; 98
 Stat. 3105).
 (20)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 263 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Kimberling Creek Additions and Potential Wilderness
 Area and dated February 2007, and which are hereby incorporated in the
 Kimberling Creek Wilderness designated by section 2(2) of the Virginia
 Wilderness Act of 1984 (Public Law 98–586; 98 Stat.
 3105).
 .
 (b)Designation of wilderness study
 areaSection 6(a) of the
 Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (Public Law 98–586; 98 Stat. 3108) is
 amended—
 (1)by striking certain at the
 beginning of paragraphs (1) through (4) and inserting
 Certain;
 (2)by striking the semicolon at the end of
 paragraphs (1) and (2) and inserting a period;
 (3)by striking ; and at the end
 of paragraph (3) and inserting a period; and
 (4)by adding at the end the following new
 paragraph:
 (5)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 3,226 acres, as generally depicted on a
 map entitled Lynn Camp Creek Wilderness Study Area and dated
 February 2007, and which shall be known as the Lynn Camp Creek Wilderness Study
 Area.
 .
 (c)Maps and legal descriptions
 (1)FilingAs soon as practicable after the date of
 the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall file with the
 Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the
 Committee on Natural Resources and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of
 Representatives a map and legal description of each wilderness area designated
 or expanded by the amendments made by subsection (a) and of the Lynn Camp Creek
 Wilderness Study Area designated by the amendment made by subsection
 (b).
 (2)Force and effectThe maps and legal descriptions referred to
 in paragraph (1) shall have the same force and effect as if included in this
 Act, except that the Secretary of Agriculture may correct clerical and
 typographical errors in the maps and descriptions. In the case of any
 discrepancy between the acreage specified in the amendments made by subsection
 (a) or (b) and the corresponding map filed under paragraph (1), the map shall
 control.
 (3)AvailabilityThe maps and legal descriptions referred to
 in paragraph (1) shall be on file and available for public inspection in the
 Office of the Chief of the Forest Service.
 (d)Administration
 (1)New wilderness areasSubject to valid existing rights, the
 Secretary of Agriculture shall administer the lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest designated as a new wilderness area by the amendments made by subsection
 (a) in accordance with this section and the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et
 seq.), except that, with respect to such lands, any reference in the Wilderness
 Act to the effective date of that Act shall be deemed to be a reference to the
 date of the enactment of this Act.
 (2)Expanded wilderness areasSubject to valid existing rights, the
 Secretary of Agriculture shall administer the lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest designated as wilderness and incorporated into an existing wilderness
 area by the amendments made by subsection (a) in accordance with this section,
 the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.), and other laws applicable to that
 wilderness area, except that, with respect to such lands, any reference in the
 Wilderness Act to the effective date of that Act shall be deemed to be a
 reference to the date of the enactment of this Act.
 3.Designation of Kimberling Creek Potential
 Wilderness Area, Jefferson National Forest, Virginia
 (a)DesignationIn furtherance of the purposes of the
 Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.), certain lands in the Jefferson
 National Forest, which comprise approximately 349 acres, as generally depicted
 on the map entitled Kimberling Creek Additions and Potential Wilderness
 Area and dated February 2007, are designated as a potential wilderness
 area for eventual incorporation in the Kimberling Creek Wilderness designated
 by section 2(2) of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (Public Law 98–586; 98
 Stat. 3105).
 (b)Map and legal descriptions
 (1)FilingAs soon as practicable after the date of
 the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall file with the
 Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the
 Committee on Natural Resources and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of
 Representatives a map and legal description of potential wilderness
 area.
 (2)Force and effectThe map and legal description referred to
 in paragraph (1) shall have the same force and effect as if included in this
 Act, except that the Secretary of Agriculture may correct clerical and
 typographical errors in the map and description. In the case of any discrepancy
 between the acreage specified in subsection (a) and the map filed under
 paragraph (1), the map shall control.
 (3)AvailabilityThe map and legal description referred to
 in paragraph (1) shall be on file and available for public inspection in the
 Office of the Chief of the Forest Service.
 (c)ManagementExcept as provided in subsection (d) and
 subject to valid existing rights, the Secretary of Agriculture shall manage the
 potential wilderness area as wilderness pending its incorporation in the
 Kimberling Creek Wilderness.
 (d)Ecological Restoration
 (1)In generalFor purposes of ecological restoration
 (including the elimination of non-native species, removal of illegal, unused,
 or decommissioned roads, and any other activities necessary to restore the
 natural ecosystems in the potential wilderness area), the Secretary of
 Agriculture may use motorized equipment and mechanized transport in the
 potential wilderness area until its incorporation in the Kimberling Creek
 Wilderness.
 (2)LimitationTo the maximum extent practicable, the
 Secretary shall use the minimum tool or administrative practice necessary to
 accomplish ecological restoration with the least amount of adverse impact on
 wilderness character and resources.
 (e)Wilderness DesignationThe potential wilderness area shall be
 designated as wilderness and incorporated in the Kimberling Creek Wilderness on
 the earlier of—
 (1)the date on which the Secretary of
 Agriculture publishes in the Federal Register notice that the conditions in the
 potential wilderness area that are incompatible with the Wilderness Act (16
 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.) have been removed; or
 (2)the date that is five years after the date
 of the enactment of this Act.
 (f)AdministrationSubject to valid existing rights, upon
 incorporation of the lands designated as wilderness under subsection (e) in the
 Kimberling Creek Wilderness, the Secretary of Agriculture shall administer the
 lands in accordance with the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.) and other
 laws applicable to that wilderness area, except that, with respect to such
 lands, any reference in the Wilderness Act to the effective date of that Act
 shall be deemed to be a reference to the date on which the lands are designated
 as wilderness under subsection (e).
 4.Designation of Seng Mountain and Bear Creek
 Scenic Areas, Jefferson National Forest, Virginia
 (a)EstablishmentThe following National Forest System lands
 in the State of Virginia are hereby designated as National Scenic Areas (in
 this section referred to as the scenic areas):
 (1)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 6,455 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Seng Mountain and Raccoon Branch and dated February
 2007, and which shall be known as the Seng Mountain National Scenic
 Area.
 (2)Certain lands in the Jefferson National
 Forest, which comprise approximately 5,128 acres, as generally depicted on the
 map entitled Bear Creek and dated February 2007, and which shall
 be known as the Bear Creek National Scenic Area.
 (b)Maps and legal descriptions
 (1)FilingAs soon as practicable after the date of
 the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall file with the
 Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the
 Committee on Natural Resources and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of
 Representatives a map and legal description of each of the scenic areas.
 (2)Force and effectThe maps and legal descriptions referred to
 in paragraph (1) shall have the same force and effect as if included in this
 Act, except that the Secretary of Agriculture may correct clerical and
 typographical errors in the maps and descriptions. In the case of any
 discrepancy between the acreage specified in subsection (a) and the
 corresponding map filed under paragraph (1), the map shall control.
 (3)AvailabilityThe maps and legal descriptions referred to
 in paragraph (1) shall be on file and available for public inspection in the
 Office of the Chief of the Forest Service.
 (c)Purposes of scenic areasThe scenic areas are established for the
 purposes of—
 (1)ensuring the protection and preservation of
 scenic quality, water quality, natural characteristics, and water
 resources;
 (2)protecting wildlife and fish habitat,
 consistent with paragraph (1);
 (3)protecting areas that may develop
 characteristics of old-growth forests; and
 (4)providing a variety of recreation
 opportunities, consistent with the preceding paragraphs.
 (d)Administration
 (1)In generalThe Secretary of Agriculture shall
 administer the scenic areas in accordance with this section and the laws and
 regulations generally applicable to the National Forest System. In the event of
 conflict between this section and other laws and regulations, this section
 shall take precedence.
 (2)Consistent
 useThe Secretary shall only
 allow such uses of the scenic areas as the Secretary finds will further the
 purposes for which the scenic areas are established.
 (e)Management planWithin two years after the date of the
 enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall develop a management
 plan for the scenic areas consistent with this section. The management plan
 shall be developed as an amendment to the land and resource management plan for
 the Jefferson National Forest, except that nothing in this section requires the
 Secretary to revise the land and resource management plan for the Jefferson
 National Forest pursuant to section 6 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable
 Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1604).
 (f)RoadsAfter the date of the enactment of this
 Act, no roads shall be established or constructed within the scenic areas,
 except that this prohibition shall not be construed to deny access to private
 lands or interests therein in the scenic areas.
 (g)Vegetation managementNo timber harvest shall be allowed within
 the scenic areas, except as the Secretary of Agriculture finds necessary in the
 control of fire, insects, and diseases and to provide for public safety and
 trail access. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the Secretary may engage
 in vegetation manipulation practices for maintenance of existing wildlife
 clearings and visual quality. Firewood may be harvested for personal use along
 perimeter roads under such conditions as the Secretary may impose.
 (h)Motorized travelMotorized travel shall not be permitted
 within the scenic areas, except that the Secretary of Agriculture may authorize
 motorized travel within the scenic areas—
 (1)as necessary for administrative use in
 furtherance of the purposes of this section;
 (2)in support of wildlife management projects
 in existence as of the date of the enactment of this Act; and
 (3)on Forest Development Road 9410 and 84b
 during deer and bear hunting seasons.
 (i)FireWildfires in the scenic area shall be
 suppressed in a manner consistent with the purposes of this section, using such
 means as the Secretary of Agriculture considers appropriate.
 (j)Insects and diseaseInsect and disease outbreaks may be
 controlled in the scenic areas to maintain scenic quality, prevent tree
 mortality, reduce hazards to visitors, or protect private lands.
 (k)WaterThe Secretary of Agriculture shall
 administer the scenic areas so as to maintain and enhance water quality.
 (l)Mining withdrawalSubject to valid existing rights, all
 federally owned lands in the scenic areas are withdrawn from location, entry,
 and patent under the mining laws of the United States and from leasing claims
 under the mineral and geothermal leasing laws of the United States, including
 amendments to such laws.
 5.Trail plan and development
 (a)Trail planThe Secretary of Agriculture shall
 establish a trail plan for National Forest System lands described in this
 subsection in order to develop the following:
 (1)Hiking and equestrian trails on the lands
 in the Jefferson National Forest designated as wilderness by the amendments
 made by section 2(a), in a manner consistent with the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C.
 1131 et seq.).
 (2)Nonmotorized recreation trails within the
 Seng Mountain and Bear Creek Scenic Areas designated by section 4.
 (b)ConsultationThe Secretary of Agriculture shall
 establish the trail plan in consultation with interested parties.
 (c)Implementation reportNot later than two years after the date of
 the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit to
 Congress a report on the implementation of the trail plan, including the
 identification of priority trails for development.
 (d)Trail
 requiredThe Secretary of
 Agriculture shall develop a sustainable trail, using a contour curvilinear
 alignment, to provide a continuous connection for non-motorized travel between
 County Route 650 and Forest Development Road 4018 in Smyth County,
 Virginia.
 1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the
 Virginia Ridge and Valley Act of
 2008.
 2.DefinitionsIn this Act:
 (1)Scenic
 areasThe term scenic areas means the Seng
 Mountain National Scenic Area and the Bear Creek National Scenic Area.
 (2)SecretaryThe
 term Secretary means the Secretary of Agriculture.
 3.Designation of additional National Forest
 System land in Jefferson National Forest, Virginia, as wilderness or a
 wilderness study area
 (a)Designation of wildernessSection 1 of Public Law 100–326 (16 U.S.C.
 1132 note; 102 Stat. 584, 114 Stat. 2057), is amended—
 (1)in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
 striking System— and inserting System:;
 (2)by striking certain each
 place it appears and inserting Certain;
 (3)in each of paragraphs (1) through (6), by
 striking the semicolon at the end and inserting a period;
 (4)in paragraph (7), by striking ;
 and and inserting a period; and
 (5)by adding at the end the following:
 (9)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 3,743 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Brush Mountain and Brush Mountain East and dated May 5,
 2008, which shall be known as the Brush Mountain East
 Wilderness.
 (10)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 4,794 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Brush Mountain and Brush Mountain East and dated May 5,
 2008, which shall be known as the Brush Mountain
 Wilderness.
 (11)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 4,223 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Seng Mountain and Raccoon Branch and dated April 28,
 2008, which shall be known as the Raccoon Branch
 Wilderness.
 (12)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 3,270 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Stone Mountain and dated April 28, 2008, which shall be
 known as the Stone Mountain Wilderness.
 (13)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 8,470 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Garden Mountain and Hunting Camp Creek and dated April
 28, 2008, which shall be known as the Hunting Camp Creek
 Wilderness.
 (14)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 3,291 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Garden Mountain and Hunting Camp Creek and dated April
 28, 2008, which shall be known as the Garden Mountain
 Wilderness.
 (15)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 5,476 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Mountain Lake Additions and dated April 28, 2008, which
 is incorporated in the Mountain Lake Wilderness designated by section 2(6) of
 the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; Public Law
 98–586).
 (16)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 308 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Lewis Fork Addition and Little Wilson Creek Additions
 and dated April 28, 2008, which is incorporated in the Lewis Fork Wilderness
 designated by section 2(3) of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (16 U.S.C.
 1132 note; Public Law 98–586).
 (17)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 1,845 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Lewis Fork Addition and Little Wilson Creek Additions
 and dated April 28, 2008, which is incorporated in the Little Wilson Creek
 Wilderness designated by section 2(5) of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984
 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; Public Law 98–586).
 (18)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 2,219 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Shawvers Run Additions and dated April 28, 2008, which
 is incorporated in the Shawvers Run Wilderness designated by paragraph
 (4).
 (19)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 1,203 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Peters Mountain Addition and dated April 28, 2008,
 which is incorporated in the Peters Mountain Wilderness designated by section
 2(7) of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; Public Law
 98–586).
 (20)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 263 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Kimberling Creek Additions and Potential Wilderness
 Area and dated April 28, 2008, which is incorporated in the Kimberling
 Creek Wilderness designated by section 2(2) of the Virginia Wilderness Act of
 1984 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; Public Law
 98–586).
 .
 (b)Designation of wilderness study
 areaSection 6(a) of the
 Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; Public Law 98–586) is
 amended—
 (1)by striking certain each
 place it appears and inserting Certain;
 (2)in each of paragraphs (1) and (2), by
 striking the semicolon at the end and inserting a period;
 (3)in paragraph (3), by striking ;
 and and inserting a period; and
 (4)by adding at the end the following:
 (5)Certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 3,226 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Lynn Camp Creek Wilderness Study Area and dated April
 28, 2008, which shall be known as the Lynn Camp Creek Wilderness Study
 Area.
 .
 4.Designation of Kimberling Creek Potential
 Wilderness Area, Jefferson National Forest, Virginia
 (a)DesignationIn furtherance of the purposes of the
 Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.), certain land in the Jefferson National
 Forest comprising approximately 349 acres, as generally depicted on the map
 entitled Kimberling Creek Additions and Potential Wilderness
 Area and dated April 28, 2008, is designated as a potential wilderness
 area for incorporation in the Kimberling Creek Wilderness designated by section
 2(2) of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; Public Law
 98–586).
 (b)ManagementExcept as provided in subsection (c) and
 subject to valid existing rights, the Secretary shall manage the potential
 wilderness area in accordance with the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et
 seq.).
 (c)Ecological Restoration
 (1)In generalFor purposes of ecological restoration
 (including the elimination of nonnative species, removal of illegal, unused, or
 decommissioned roads, and any other activity necessary to restore the natural
 ecosystems in the potential wilderness area), the Secretary may use motorized
 equipment and mechanized transport in the potential wilderness area until the
 date on which the potential wilderness area is incorporated into the Kimberling
 Creek Wilderness.
 (2)LimitationTo the maximum extent practicable, the
 Secretary shall use the minimum tool or administrative practice necessary to
 accomplish ecological restoration with the least amount of adverse impact on
 wilderness character and resources.
 (d)Wilderness DesignationThe potential wilderness area shall be
 designated as wilderness and incorporated in the Kimberling Creek Wilderness on
 the earlier of—
 (1)the date on which the Secretary publishes
 in the Federal Register notice that the conditions in the potential wilderness
 area that are incompatible with the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.)
 have been removed; or
 (2)the date that is 5 years after the date of
 enactment of this Act.
 5.Seng Mountain and Bear
 Creek Scenic Areas, Jefferson National Forest, Virginia
 (a)EstablishmentThere
 are designated as National Scenic Areas—
 (1)certain National Forest
 System land in the Jefferson National Forest, comprising approximately 5,192
 acres, as generally depicted on the map entitled Seng Mountain and
 Raccoon Branch and dated April 28, 2008, which shall be known as the
 Seng Mountain National Scenic Area; and
 (2)certain National Forest
 System land in the Jefferson National Forest, comprising approximately 5,128
 acres, as generally depicted on the map entitled Bear Creek and
 dated April 28, 2008, which shall be known as the Bear Creek National
 Scenic Area.
 (b)PurposesThe
 purposes of the scenic areas are—
 (1)to ensure the protection
 and preservation of scenic quality, water quality, natural characteristics, and
 water resources of the scenic areas;
 (2)consistent with paragraph
 (1), to protect wildlife and fish habitat in the scenic areas;
 (3)to protect areas in the
 scenic areas that may develop characteristics of old-growth forests; and
 (4)consistent with
 paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), to provide a variety of recreation opportunities
 in the scenic areas.
 (c)Administration
 (1)In
 generalThe Secretary shall administer the scenic areas in
 accordance with—
 (A)this Act; and
 (B)the laws (including
 regulations) generally applicable to the National Forest System.
 (2)Authorized
 usesThe Secretary shall only allow uses of the scenic areas that
 the Secretary determines will further the purposes of the scenic areas, as
 described in subsection (b).
 (d)Management
 plan
 (1)In
 generalNot later than 2 years after the date of enactment of
 this Act, the Secretary shall develop as an amendment to the land and resource
 management plan for the Jefferson National Forest a management plan for the
 scenic areas.
 (2)EffectNothing
 in this subsection requires the Secretary to revise the land and resource
 management plan for the Jefferson National Forest under section 6 of the Forest
 and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1604).
 (e)Roads
 (1)In
 generalExcept as provided in paragraph (2), after the date of
 enactment of this Act, no roads shall be established or constructed within the
 scenic areas.
 (2)LimitationNothing
 in this subsection denies any owner of private land (or an interest in private
 land) that is located in a scenic area the right to access the private
 land.
 (f)Timber harvest
 (1)In
 generalExcept as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), no
 harvesting of timber shall be allowed within the scenic areas.
 (2)ExceptionsThe
 Secretary may authorize harvesting of timber in the scenic areas if the
 Secretary determines that the harvesting is necessary to—
 (A)control fire;
 (B)provide for public safety
 or trail access; or
 (C)control insect and
 disease outbreaks.
 (3)Firewood for personal
 useFirewood may be harvested for personal use along perimeter
 roads in the scenic areas, subject to any conditions that the Secretary may
 impose.
 (g)Insect and disease
 outbreaksThe Secretary may control insect and disease
 outbreaks—
 (1)to maintain scenic
 quality;
 (2)to prevent tree
 mortality;
 (3)to reduce hazards to
 visitors; or
 (4)to protect private
 land.
 (h)Vegetation
 managementThe Secretary may engage in vegetation manipulation
 practices in the scenic areas to maintain the visual quality and wildlife
 clearings in existence on the date of enactment of this Act.
 (i)Motorized
 vehicles
 (1)In
 generalExcept as provided in paragraph (2), motorized vehicles
 shall not be allowed within the scenic areas.
 (2)ExceptionsThe
 Secretary may authorize the use of motorized vehicles—
 (A)to carry out
 administrative activities that further the purposes of the scenic areas, as
 described in subsection (b);
 (B)to assist wildlife
 management projects in existence on the date of enactment of this Act;
 and
 (C)during deer and bear
 hunting seasons—
 (i)on Forest Development
 Roads 49410 and 84b; and
 (ii)on the portion of Forest
 Development Road 6261 designated on the map described in subsection (a)(2) as
 open seasonally.
 (j)Wildfire
 suppressionWildfire suppression within the scenic areas shall be
 conducted—
 (1)in a manner consistent
 with the purposes of the scenic areas, as described in subsection (b);
 and
 (2)using such means as the
 Secretary determines to be appropriate.
 (k)WaterThe
 Secretary shall administer the scenic areas in a manner that maintains and
 enhances water quality.
 (l)WithdrawalSubject
 to valid existing rights, all Federal land in the scenic areas is withdrawn
 from—
 (1)location, entry, and
 patent under the mining laws; and
 (2)operation of the mineral
 leasing and geothermal leasing laws.
 6.Trail plan and
 development
 (a)Trail
 planThe Secretary, in consultation with interested parties,
 shall establish a trail plan to develop—
 (1)in a manner consistent
 with the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.), hiking and equestrian trails
 in the wilderness areas designated by paragraphs (9) through (20) of section 1
 of Public Law 100–326 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note) (as added by section 3(a)(5));
 and
 (2)nonmotorized recreation
 trails in the scenic areas.
 (b)Implementation
 reportNot later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this
 Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that describes the
 implementation of the trail plan, including the identification of priority
 trails for development.
 (c)Sustainable trail requiredThe Secretary shall develop a sustainable
 trail, using a contour curvilinear alignment, to provide for nonmotorized
 travel along the southern boundary of the Raccoon Branch Wilderness established
 by section 1(11) of Public Law 100–326 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note) (as added by
 section 3(a)(5)) connecting to Forest Development Road 49352 in Smyth County,
 Virginia.
 7.Maps and boundary
 descriptions
 (a)In
 generalAs soon as practicable after the date of enactment of
 this Act, the Secretary shall file with the Committee on Energy and Natural
 Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Natural Resources and the
 Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives maps and boundary
 descriptions of—
 (1)the scenic areas;
 (2)the wilderness areas
 designated by paragraphs (9) through (20) of section 1 of Public Law 100–326
 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note) (as added by section 3(a)(5));
 (3)the wilderness study area
 designated by section 6(a)(5) of the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984 (16 U.S.C.
 1132 note; Public Law 98–586) (as added by section 3(b)(4)); and
 (4)the potential wilderness
 area designated by section 4(a).
 (b)Force and
 effectThe maps and boundary descriptions filed under subsection
 (a) shall have the same force and effect as if included in this Act, except
 that the Secretary may correct any minor errors in the maps and boundary
 descriptions.
 (c)Availability of map and
 boundary descriptionThe maps and boundary descriptions filed
 under subsection (a) shall be on file and available for public inspection in
 the Office of the Chief of the Forest Service.
 (d)ConflictIn
 the case of a conflict between a map filed under subsection (a) and the acreage
 of the applicable areas specified in this Act, the map shall control.
 8.Effective
 dateAny reference in the
 Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.) to the effective date of that Act shall
 be considered to be a reference to the date of enactment of this Act for
 purposes of administering—
 (1)the wilderness areas
 designated by paragraphs (9) through (20) of section 1 of Public Law 100–326
 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note) (as added by section 3(a)(5)); and
 (2)the potential wilderness
 area designated by section 4(a).
 June 16, 2008
 Reported with an amendment


type: wikipedia

text:
Az UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format, 8 bites Unicode átalakítási formátum) változó hosszúságú Unicode karakterkódolási eljárás, melyet Rob Pike és Ken Thompson alkotott meg. Bármilyen Unicode karaktert képes reprezentálni, ugyanakkor visszafelé kompatibilis a 7 bites ASCII szabvánnyal. Emiatt egyre inkább az internetes karakterkódolás standardjává válik.
 Az angolszász, majd az európai országokból kiindulva az ASCII után először az úgynevezett Latin-1 kódolás terjedt el, ami tartalmazza az összes angol nyelvhez szükséges betűt, illetve számos európai nyelv betűit, de például a magyar „ő” és „ű” betűket nem (ezek helyett – helytelenül – gyakran használják a hullámos illetve a kalapos betűket: û ô vagy õ). Magyarhoz lehet azonban a Latin-2 (közép-európai) kódolást is használni, ami ismeri az ő és ű betűinket, de nem ismer más fontos betűket, például a cirill, görög, vagy például az örmény, indiai, arab és héber betűket, a kínai írásjegyeket és a japán kanákat. A Unicode és az UTF-8 kódolás egyszerre támogatja mindezen karakterek megjelenítését, és így minden nyelv egységes kódolást tud használni, megelőzve a betűk nem tervezett „átalakulását”.
 Az UTF-8-kódolás lényege, hogy a 7 bites ASCII kódtábla karaktereit (angol kis- és nagybetűk, számok és gyakoribb írásjelek) az ASCII-kódjukkal jelöli, az egyéb karakterek kódját pedig „feldarabolja”, és a darabokat egy vezérlőjelet követő több, egymás utáni bájtban helyezi el úgy, hogy a bájtok mindegyike 127 felett van (azaz így nem téveszthető össze a 7 bites ASCII-kódok egyikével sem). Ennek számos előnye van: a 7 bites ASCII-szöveg UTF-8-kódja saját maga, illetve az UTF-8 szöveget tévesen valamilyen más elterjedt kódolásnak (például ISO-8859-1-nek) értelmezve általában nem kapunk nagyon rossz eredményt (magyar szöveg esetén csak az ékezetes karakterek, a gondolatjel és egyéb speciális tipográfiai jelek helyén lesz két-két értelmetlen karakter), a félbeszakadt UTF-8 karakterről egyértelműen felismerhető, hogy hibás, és a nagyrészt ASCII-szöveg kódolása nem igényel sok extra bájtot.
 Működése
 Az UTF-8 kód bináris alakban 0-val kezdődő bájtjai 7 bites ASCII karaktereket jelölnek, a 11-gyel kezdődőek több bájtos karakterkód-szekvencia kezdetét, az 10-val kezdődőek pedig a folytatását. A karakterkód-szekvenciát indító bájt elején álló egyesek száma megadja, hány bájtból áll a szekvencia, ezután egy 0 jön, a fennmaradó helyen és a követő bájtok fennmaradó 6 helyén lévő biteket összefűzve kapjuk a jelölt karakter Unicode azonosító számát. Más szóval, ha a Unicode azonosítót 4 bájton ábrázoljuk (balra növekvő helyiértékekkel), akkor az UTF-8 kódolását az alábbi táblázat első olyan sora fogja megadni, amelynek a bal oldalán lévő minta ráillik a négybájtos számra.
 Összesen 221 = szám ábrázolható így, ami lefedi a Unicode szabványban definiált teljes spektrumot (U+0000-től U+10FFFF-ig, összesen karakter). Bár az UTF-8 kódolás logikája kiterjeszthető lenne 6 vagy akár 7 bájtos szekvenciákra is, és az UTF-8-at definiáló korábbi ISO/IEC 10646 szabvány még maximum 6 bájtos szekvenciákat írt elő, a jelenleg érvényes Unicode szabvány szerint csak a legfeljebb 4 bájtos szekvencia számít helyes UTF-8 kódolásnak. Ennek oka a csak karaktert ábrázolni képes UTF-16 szabvánnyal való kompatibilitás.
 BOM
 Egyes windowsos programok a fájl elejére írt 0xEF,0xBB,0xBF bájtsorozattal jelzik, hogy UTF-8 kódolású fájlról van szó; ezt néha UTF-8 BOM kódolásnak hívják. Ez a bájtsorozat ugyanis az U+FEFF Unicode-azonosítójú bájtsorrend-jel (angolul byte order mark, röviden BOM) UTF-8 kódja; a BOM karakter normális esetben UTF-16 kódolás elején állva azt jelzi, hogy a kétbájtos számok kisebb vagy nagyobb helyiértékű bájtja van-e elöl. (UTF-16-ban ugyanis az U+FEFF karakter kódja 0xFE,0xFF, a két bájt felcserélésével kapott 0xFF,0xFE pedig nem érvényes UTF-16 kód.) UTF-8-ban ennek a karakternek elméletileg nincs jelentése, így használható a kódolás jelzésére, azonban ez megtöri az ASCII-kompatibilitást, így nem javasolt. Az így kódolt PHP fájlok például a weboldal elején megjelenő ï»¿ karaktersorozatot eredményeznek.
 Elterjedése
 Alapértelmezett kódolásként meglehetősen elterjedt Linux rendszereken, de a Microsoft Windows rendszer XP-től fölfelé is teljeskörűen támogatja.
 Az IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) minden internetprotokolltól megköveteli, hogy az általa használt kódolások között szerepeljen az UTF-8. Az IMC (Internet Mail Consortium) javaslata szerint minden e-mail kliensnek meg kell tudni jeleníteni az UTF-8 kódolású leveleket, és létre kell tudnia hozni azokat.
 Megjegyzések
 További információk
 Hivatalos definíció a Unicode 5.2 szabványban (bitkódolás táblázata a 93. oldalon)
 Hivatalos definíció a Unicode 13.0 szabványban (bitkódolás táblázata a 124. oldalon)
 Átfogó Unicode leírás
 Karakterkódolások
 Internet
 fi:Unicode#UTF-8


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29.10.2005
 DA
 Den Europæiske Unions Tidende
 C 271/17
 Anmodning om præjudiciel afgørelse forelagt ved kendelse afsagt den 22. august 2005 af Hovrätten för Övre Norrland i sagen P. Granberg mod Anklagemyndigheden i Haparanda
 (Sag C-330/05)
 (2005/C 271/31)
 Processprog: svensk
 Ved kendelse afsagt den 22. august 2005, indgået til Domstolens Justitskontor den 6. september 2005, har Hovrätten för Övre Norrland i sagen P. Granberg mod Anklagemyndigheden i Haparanda forelagt De Europæiske Fællesskabers Domstol en anmodning om præjudiciel afgørelse af følgende spørgsmål:
 1)
 Giver artikel 9, stk. 3, i direktiv 92/12/EØF (herefter »direktivet«) medlemsstaterne mulighed for generelt at undtage fyringsolie fra anvendelsesområdet for direktivets artikel 8, således at en medlemsstat kan foreskrive, at en privatperson, som på egen hånd og til eget brug har købt opvarmningsbrændsel i en anden medlemsstat, hvor olien er overgået til forbrug, og transporteret det til bestemmelsesmedlemsstaten, skal betale punktafgift dér, uanset på hvilken måde opvarmningsbrændslen er blevet transporteret?
 2)
 Såfremt det første spørgsmål besvares bekræftende er direktivets artikel 9, stk. 3, da forenelig med de grundlæggende principper i traktaten om fri bevægelighed for varer og med proportionalitetsprincippet, i betragtning af, at formålet med direktivets artikel 9, stk. 3, forekommer at være at få privatpersoner til at afstå fra at transportere mineralolier ved at fastsætte en fravigelse fra princippet om, at når varer anskaffes af privatpersoner til eget brug og transporteres af dem selv skal punktafgift erlægges i den medlemsstat, hvor varerne er anskaffet, og er et sådant formål foreneligt med det af Rådet påberåbte hjemmelsgrundlag for direktivet, eller er direktivets artikel 9, stk. 3, ugyldig?
 3)
 Såfremt det første spørgsmål besvares benægtende, er en privatpersons transport af 3000 liter opvarmningsbrændsel ved hjælp af såkaldte IBC-beholdere, som kan være godkendte til erhvervsmæssige transporter af farligt gods, bl.a. væsker, i en varevogns lastrum, en atypisk transportform som omhandlet i direktivets artikel 9, stk. 3?
 4)
 Er det foreneligt med direktivets artikel 7, stk. 4, at lovgivningen i en medlemsstat foreskriver en pligt for en privatperson, som på egen hånd og til eget brug har anskaffet opvarmningsbrændsel i en anden medlemsstat, hvor den er overgået til forbrug, og selv har overført olien til bestemmelsesmedlemsstaten ved hjælp af en atypisk transportform i den forstand, hvori udtrykket anvendes i direktivets artikel 9, stk. 3, til at stille sikkerhed for betaling af punktafgifter samt at medbringe et forenklet ledsagedokument og bevis for sikkerhedsstillelsen for punktafgift ved indførslen?