type: contracts

text:
 Важна правна забележка
 |
 22002D0165
 Официален вестник n° L 038 , 13/02/2003 стр. 0024 - 0025 специално чешко издание глава 11 том 08 стр. 26 - 27 специално испанско издание глава 11 том 08 стр. 26 - 27 специално унгарско издание глава 11 том 08 стр. 26 - 27 специално литвийско издание глава 11 том 08 стр. 26 - 27 LV.ES глава 11 том 08 стр. 26 - 27 MT.ES глава 11 том 08 стр. 26 - 27 PL.ES глава 11 том 08 стр. 26 - 27 SK.ES глава 11 том 08 стр. 26 - 27 специално словенско издание глава 11 том 08 стр. 26 - 27
 Решение на Съвместния комитет на ЕИПNo 165/2002от 6 декември 2002 годиназа изменение на приложение IX (Финансови услуги) към Споразумението за ЕИПСЪВМЕСТНИЯТ КОМИТЕТ НА ЕИП,като взе предвид Споразумението за Европейско икономическо пространство, изменено с Протокола за адаптиране на Споразумението за Европейско икономическо пространство, по-нататък наричано "Споразумението", и по-специално член 98 от него,като има предвид, че:(1) Приложение IX към споразумението бе изменено с Решение No 103/2002 на Съвместния комитет на ЕИП от 12 юли 2002 г. [1].(2) Директива 2002/12/EО на Европейския парламент и на Съвета от 5 март 2002 г. за изменение на Директива 79/267/EИО на Съвета относно съгласуваните правила за упражняване на животозастрахователна дейност [2] трябва да бъде включена в споразумението,РЕШИ:Член 1Приложение IX към споразумението се изменя, както следва:1. Към точка 11 (Директива 79/267/ЕИО на Съвета) се добавя следното тире:- "— 32002 L 0012: Директива 2002/12/EО на Европейския парламент и на Съвета от 5 март 2002 г. (ОВ L 77, 20.3.2002, стр. 11)."2. Адаптациите в точка 11 (Директива 79/267/ЕИО на Съвета) се изменят, както следва:а) текстът на адаптация а), както и първото, второто и шестото тире на адаптация б) се заличават;б) след адаптация е) се добавя следната адаптация:"ж) в член 20а думите "Европейски индекс на потребителските цени, обхващащ всички държави-членки" се заменя от думите "индекс на ЕИП на потребителските цени, обхващащ всички договарящи се страни"."3. Текстът на адаптации а) и б) в точка 12а (Директива 92/96/ЕИО на Съвета) се заличава.Член 2Текстовете на Директива 2002/12/EО на исландски и норвежки език, които предстои да бъдат публикувани в притурката за ЕИП към Официален вестник на Европейските общности, са автентични.Член 3Настоящото решение влиза в сила на 7 декември 2002 г., при условие че всички нотификации до Съвместния комитет на ЕИП съгласно член 103, параграф 1 от Споразумението са направени [***].Член 4Настоящото решение се публикува в раздела за ЕИП и в притурката за ЕИП към Официален вестник на Европейските общности.Съставено в Брюксел на 6 декември 2002 година.За Съвместния комитет на ЕИППредседателKjartan Jóhannsson[1] ОВ L 298, 31.10.2002, стр. 19.[2] ОВ L 77, 20.3.2002, стр. 11.[***] Посочени са конституционни изисквания.--------------------------------------------------


type: caselaw

jurisdiction: EU

text:
 2.12.2006
 ET
 Euroopa Liidu Teataja
 C 294/62
 4. oktoobril 2006 esitatud hagi — Itaalia Vabariik versus komisjon
 (Kohtuasi T-280/06)
 (2006/C 294/123)
 Kohtumenetluse keel: itaalia
 Pooled
 Hageja: Itaalia Vabariik (esindaja: Avvocato dello Stato P. Gentili)
 Kostja: Euroopa Ühenduste Komisjon
 Hageja nõuded
 —
 Tühistada Euroopa Komisjoni regionaalpoliitika peadirektoraadi 24. juuli 2006. aasta teade nr 06626 — Programmid ja projektid Küprosel, Kreekas, Ungaris, Itaalias, Maltal ja Madalmaades –, mille esemeks on taotletud summast erineva summa maksmine komisjoni poolt. Viide programm POR Sitsiilia (nr CCI 1999 IT 61 PO 011);
 —
 Tühistada kõik seotud ja eelnevad aktid ja seega mõista kohtukulud välja Euroopa Ühenduste Komisjonilt.
 Väited ja peamised argumendid
 Väited ja peamised argumendid on samad, mis esitati kohtuasjas T-345/04: Itaalia Vabariik v. komisjon (1).
 (1) ELT C 262, 23.10.2004, lk 55.


type: other

text:
Úvodní strana Časopis Ad Notam Oznámení o výhradě práva dovolat se neúčinnosti právního jednání dle § 94b a násl. not. ř. de lege ferenda
 V souvislosti s § 593 občanského zákoníku a v něm zakotvenou výhradou relativní neúčinnosti právního jednání, zavedla s účinností od 1. 1. 2014 novela notářského řádu institut oznámení o výhradě práva dovolat se neúčinnosti právního jednání, upravený v § 94b – 94e not. řádu. Domnívám se, že tato úprava si zaslouží stručnou glosu a zamyšlení.
 odle těchto ustanovení notář na žádost věřitele doručí oznámení podle § 593 OZ a vydá o tom věřiteli veřejnou listinu, která mu slouží jako plnohodnotný důkaz o tom, co a komu bylo doručeno.
 Samotná procedura má potom dvě varianty. Podle § 94c not. ř. notář sepíše protokol o žádosti, který musí obsahovat předepsané náležitosti, jmenovitě pak místo a datum sepsání protokolu, identifikační údaje věřitele a osoby, jíž je oznámení doručováno, údaj o tom, že bylo oznámení o výhradě notářem převzato, a podpis věřitele, otisk úředního razítka notáře a jeho podpis. Notář pak pouze doručuje oznámení, které mu bylo věřitelem předáno, aniž by jakkoli odpovídal za jeho obsah. Zákon přitom výslovně nestanoví, že by kopie doručovaného oznámení měla být přílohou protokolu, ze smyslu a účelu daného zákonného ustanovení však plyne, že tomu tak být musí, neboť jinak by se věřiteli nedostal důkaz o obsahu doručovaného oznámení a daný institut by tak nebyl s to plnit svůj účel.
 Druhou variantou je pak postup podle § 94d not. ř., kdy věřitel činí oznámení o výhradě přímo do protokolu. V takovém případě pak notář odpovídá za splnění obsahových náležitostí oznámení dle § 94d odst. 1 písm c) not. ř. (a contrario § 94c odst. 3 not. ř.).
 Jakmile notář zjistí, že bylo oznámení doručeno a kdy se to stalo, sdělí tuto skutečnost věřiteli. Notářský řád bohužel nestanoví, jakou formou toto oznámení činí a zřejmě je tedy může učinit bezformálně. Zde je však opět, myslím, třeba vykládat zákon v souladu s jeho smyslem a účelem, kterým je nepochybně dát věřiteli do rukou nejen důkaz o tom, co a komu bylo doručeno, ale též kdy se tak stalo. Soudím proto, že notář by měl vydat věřiteli veřejnou listinu potvrzující, kdy k doručení došlo, a to buď ve formě druhého protokolu, nebo jednoduše ve formě úředního potvrzení. Jinak by totiž soudu nezbývalo, než vyžádat si od notáře příslušný spis a zkoumat doručenky v něm založené. Takové řešení se však nejeví jako efektivní.
 Potud je vše snadné a jednoznačné. Oznámení o výhradě práva dovolat se neúčinnosti právního jednání je nepochybně účinným nástrojem a užitečnou službou, kterou může notář nabídnout veřejnosti. Při pohledu na § 94b – 94e not. ř. se však neodbytně nabízí otázka, proč jenom oznámení o výhradě práva dovolat se neúčinnosti právního jednání podle § 593 OZ?
 V právním životě je celá řada případů, kdy je (nebo může být) nutné u soudu prokázat obsah písemnosti, která byla jedné či druhé straně doručena. Takovou písemností může být výpověď z nájmu nebo z pracovního poměru, odstoupení od smlouvy, uplatnění odpovědnosti za vady zboží, předžalobní výzva atp. Dnes to přitom bez součinnosti osoby, jíž má být doručeno (a jejího podpisu na podací rubrice) může být takřka nemožné, neboť samotná poštovní doručenka prokazuje toliko to, že adresátovi bylo „něco“ doručeno. Není tak vyloučené, že adresát bude např. tvrdit, že mu byla doručena prázdná obálka a není ostatně ani vyloučené, že takové tvrzení bude pravdivé.
 Notář může de lege lata v těchto případech poskytnout klientům důkaz o obsahu doručované písemnosti toliko tak, že sepíše notářský zápis osvědčující, že mu byla předložena písemnost toho a toho znění, a že před jeho zraky byla vložena do tak a tak označené domovní schránky na té a té adrese. Takovýto postup je však těžkopádný, nákladný, jen obtížně prakticky použitelný a také skutečně zřídkakdy používaný.
 Zobecněním úpravy § 94b – 94e not. ř. na jakékoli písemnosti by se přitom prokazování obsahu doručovaných písemností výrazně zjednodušilo, zefektivnilo, ale i zlevnilo. Domnívám se, že by tím notář poskytl veřejnosti užitečnou službu, která by zároveň přispěla k efektivitě a rychlosti soudních řízení zjednodušením některých dokazování. Vědomí snadné prokazatelnosti těchto skutečností by pak v konečném důsledku přispívalo k předcházení sporů, což jistě patří mezi hlavní poslání notáře.
 Přitom je třeba vzít v úvahu, že zejména ve spotřebitelských a pracovněprávních věcech může klient potřebovat nejen důkaz o obsahu doručované písemnosti, ale i odbornou právní pomoc při formulaci samotného obsahu písemnosti. Tak jako notář, postupuje-li podle § 94d not. ř., přebírá odpovědnost za obsahové a formální náležitosti oznámení, mohl by obdobně při zobecnění dané služby pomoci klientovi při precizaci formálních a obsahových náležitostí doručovaných písemností. Notář by tak mohl klientovi poskytnout komplexní právní službu pro jeho životní situaci. I tím by ostatně notář přispěl k předcházení sporů. Institucionální a procesní rámec pro takovouto službu je přitom již v notářském řádu v zásadě zakotven – nezbytná novelizace notářského řádu by po legislativně-technické stránce byla zcela jednoduchá. Ani po administrativní stránce by zvládnutí takovéto dodatečné agendy zřejmě nečinilo notariátu zvláštních potíží. Notář při své úřední činnosti, zejména pak v dědické agendě, již teď pravidelně doručuje celou řadu úředních písemností, dodatečná administrativní zátěž by tak v praxi spočívala toliko v sepisování příslušných protokolů.
 Rozšíření úpravy § 94b – 94e not. ř. by tak za cenu minimálních nákladů přineslo veřejnosti zjevnou přidanou hodnotu a soudím tedy, že de lege ferenda stojí přinejmenším za zamyšlení.


text:
 22.11.2008
 PL
 Dziennik Urzędowy Unii Europejskiej
 C 301/47
 Skarga wniesiona w dniu 11 września 2008 r. — New Europe przeciwko Komisji
 (Sprawa T-383/08)
 (2008/C 301/81)
 Język postępowania: angielski
 Strony
 Strona skarżąca: New Europe (Bruksela, Belgia) (przedstawiciel: A.-M. Alamanou, lawyer)
 Strona pozwana: Komisja Wspólnot Europejskich
 Żądania strony skarżącej
 —
 Stwierdzenie nieważności decyzji Komisji w formie pisma z dnia 2 lipca 2008 r. doręczonego skarżącej w tym samym dniu, na mocy której odmówiono skarżącej dostępu do danych dotyczących nazw spółek i nazwisk osób fizycznych wymienionych w dokumentach, które zostały ujawnione przez Komisję; oraz
 —
 obciążenie strony pozwanej kosztami postępowania.
 Zarzuty i główne argumenty
 W drodze niniejszej skargi skarżąca kwestionuje decyzję Komisji — która została jej notyfikowana pismem z dnia 2 lipca 2008 r. — na mocy której Komisja odmówiła ujawnienia nazw spółek i nazwisk osób fizycznych związanych z tzw. „sprawą Eximo”, wymienionych w dokumentach ujawnionych skarżącej w odpowiedzi na jej pierwszą skargę.
 Skarżąca wnosi o stwierdzenie nieważności spornej decyzji, wskazując iż:
 Po pierwsze, zdaniem skarżącej, sporna decyzja w sposób rażący narusza prawo z uwagi na fakt, iż Komisja dokonała błędnej interpretacji i w sposób nieprawidłowy zastosowała wyjątki przewidziane w art. 4 ust. 1 lit. b) oraz art. 4 ust. 2 tiret pierwsze rozporządzenia nr 1049/2001 (1), nie zbadawszy okoliczności faktycznych i nie przedstawiwszy powodów odmowy. Ponadto skarżąca podnosi, że Komisja popełniła błąd w ocenie okoliczności faktycznych poprzez uznanie, że ujawnienie wspomnianych nazw i nazwisk naruszyłoby ochronę interesów handlowych spółek oraz prywatności i integralności osób fizycznych. Skarżąca twierdzi również, że stosując wykładnię rozszerzającą terminów „ochrona interesów handlowych” i „ochrona prywatności i integralności osoby fizycznej”, Komisja naruszyła zasadę możliwie najszerszego dostępu do dokumentów wyrażoną w art. 1 lit. a) rozporządzenia (WE) nr 1049/2001.
 Po drugie skarżąca podnosi, że sporna decyzja narusza art. 4 ust. 4 rozporządzenia (WE) nr 1049/2001, ponieważ Komisja odmówiła skarżącej pełnego dostępu do dokumentu, który był już w tym czasie publicznie dostępny.
 Po trzecie skarżąca wskazuje, iż nie informując jej o podstawie wydania decyzji i ograniczając się do przywołania wyjątków określonych w art. 4 ust. 4 rozporządzenia nr 1049/2001, Komisja naruszyła obowiązek uzasadnienia przewidziany w art. 253 WE.
 (1) Rozporządzenie (WE) nr 1049/2001 Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 30 maja 2001 r. w sprawie publicznego dostępu do dokumentów Parlamentu Europejskiego, Rady i Komisji (Dz.U. L 145, s. 43).


text:
 Avis juridique important
 |
 21987A0616(01)
 Abkommen zwischen der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft und der Argentinischen Republik über den Handel mit Textilwaren - Protokoll A - Protokoll B - Protokoll C - Protokoll D - Vereinbarte Niederschrift - Notenwechsel Nichtamtliche Übersetzung
 Amtsblatt Nr. L 156 vom 16/06/1987 S. 0002 - 0038 L040 13/02/1991 P.0002
 AGREEMENT Between the European Economic Community and the Republic of Argentina on trade in textile products Done at Brussels on 30 September 1986 THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,of the one part, andTHE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARGENTINAof the other part,DESIRING to promote, with a view to permanent cooperation and in conditions providing every security for trade, the orderly and equitable development of trade in textile products between the European Economic Community (hereinafter referred to as 'the Community') and the Republic of Argentina ('hereinafter Argentina').RESOLVED to take the fullest possible account of the serious economic and social problems at present affecting the textile industry in both importing and exporting countries, and in particular, to eliminate real risks of market disruption on the market of the Community and real risks of disruption to the textile trade of Argentina.HAVING REGARD to the Arrangement regarding International Trade in Textiles (hereinafter referred to as 'the Geneva Arrangement'), and in particular Article 4 thereof; and to the conditions set out in the Protocol extending the Arrangement.HAVE DECIDED to conclude this Agreement and to this end have designated as their Plenipotentiaries:THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES:THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARGENTINA:WHO HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:SECTION ITrade arrangementsArticle 11. The Parties recognize and confirm that, subject to the provisions of this Agreement and without prejudice to their rights and obligations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the conduct of their mutual trade in textile products shall be governed by the provisions of the Geneva Arrangement.2. In respect of the products covered by this Agreement, the Community undertakes not to introduce quantitative restrictions under Article XIX of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade or Article 3 of the Geneva Arrangement.3. Measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions on the importation into the Community of the products covered by this Agreement shall be prohibited.Article 21. This Agreement shall apply to trade in textile products of cotton, wool and man-made fibres originating in Argentina which are listed in Annex I.2. The classification of the products covered by this Agreement is based on the Nomenclature of the Common Customs Tariff and on the Nomenclature of Goods for the External Trade Statistics of the Community and the Statistics of Trade between Member States (NIMEXE).From the entry into force of the International Convention on the Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) this classification will be based on the Harmonized System and on the Community nomenclatures derived from that system.3. The origin of the products covered by this Agreement shall be determined in accordance with the rules in force in the Community.Any amendment to these rules of origin shall be communicated to Argentina and shall not have the effect of reducing any quantitative limit established in Annex II.The procedures for control of the origin of the products referred to above are laid down in Protocol A.Article 3Argentina agrees for each Agreement year to restrain its exports to the Community of the products described in Annex II to the limits set out therein.Exports of textile products set out in Annex II shall be subject to a double-checking system specified in Protocol A.Article 4Argentina and the Community recognize the special and differential character of re-imports of textile products into the Community after processing in Argentina.Such re-imports may be agreed outside the quantitative limits established under this Agreement provided that they are effected in accordance with the regulations on economic outward processing in force in the Community.Article 5Exports of cottage industry fabrics woven on hand- or foot-operated looms, garments or other articles obtained manually from such fabrics and traditional folklore handicraft products shall not be subject to quantitative limits, provided that these products meet the conditions laid down in Protocol B.Article 61. Imports into the Community of textile products covered by this Agreement shall not be subject to the quantitative limits established in Annex II, provided that they are declared to be for re-export outside the Community in the same state or after processing, within the framework of the administrative system of control which exists within the Community.However, the release for home use of products imported under the conditions referred to above shall be subject to the production of an export licence ißüd by the Argentine authorities, and to proof of origin in accordance with the provisions of Protocol A.2. Where the Community authorities have evidence that imports of textile products have been set off against a quantitative limit established under this Agreement, but that the products have subsequently been re-exported outside the Community, the authorities concerned shall inform the Argentine authorities within four weeks of the quantities involved and authorize imports of identical quantities of the same products, which shall not be set off against the quantitative limit established under this Agreement for the current or the following year.Article 71. In any Agreement year advance use of a portion of the quantitative limit established for the following Agreement year is authorized for each category of products up to 5 % of the quantitative limit for the current Agreement year.Amounts delivered in advance shall be deducted from the corresponding quantitative limits established for the following Agreement year.2. Carryover to the corresponding quantitative limit for the following Agreement year of the amounts not used during any Agreement year is authorized for each category of products up to 7 % of the quantitative limit for the current Agreement year.3. Transfers in respect of categories in Group I shall not be made from any category except as follows:- transfers between categories 2 and 3 and from category 1 to categories 2 and 3 may be made up to 7 % and transfers into category 1 from categories 2 and 3 may be made up to 4 % of the quantitative limit for the category to which the transfer is made,- transfers between categories 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 may be made up to 7 % of the quantitative limit for the category to which the transfer is made.Transfers into any category in Groups II and III may be made from any category or categories in Groups I, II and III up to 7 % of the quantitative limit for the category to which the transfer is made.4. The table of equivalence applicable to the transfers referred to above is given in Annex I to this Agreement.5. The increase in any category of products resulting from the cumulative application of the provisions in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 above during an Agreement year shall not exceed 17 %.6. Prior notification shall be given by the authorities of Argentina in the event of recourse to the provisions of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 above.Article 81. Exports of textile products not listed in Annex II to this Agreement may be made subject to quantitative limits by Argentina on the conditions laid down in the following paragraphs.2. Where the Community finds, under the system of administrative control set up, that the level of imports of products in a given category not listed in Annex II originating in Argentina exceeds, in relation to the preceding year's total imports into the Community from all sources of products in that category, the following rates:- 1 % for categories of products in Group I,- 5 % for categories of products in Group II,- 10 % for categories of products in Group III.It may request the opening of consultations in accordance with the procedure described in Article 16 of this Agreement, with a view to reaching agreement on an appropriate restraint level for the products in such category.The Community shall authorize the importation of products of the said category shipped from Argentina before the date on which the request for consultations was submitted.3. Pending a mutually satisfactory solution, Argentina undertakes to limit exports of the products in the category concerned to the Community or to the regions of the Community market specified by the Community for a provisional period of three months from the date on which the request for consultations is made. Such provisional limit shall be established at 25 % of the level of imports reached during the calendar year preceding that in which imports exceeded the level resulting from the application of the formula set out in paragraph 2, and gave rise to the request for consultation or 25 % of the level resulting from the application of the formula set out in paragraph 2, whichever is the higher.4. Should the Parties be unable in the course of consultations to reach a satisfactory solution within the period specified in Article 16 of the Agreement, the Community shall have the right to introduce a definitive quantitative limit at an annual level not lower than the level resulting from the application of the formula set out in paragraph 2, or 106 % of the level of imports reached during the calendar year preceding that in which imports exceeded the level resulting from the application of the formula set out in paragraph 2 and gave rise to the request for consultations whichever is the higher.The annual level so fixed shall be revised upwards after consultations in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 16, with a view to fulfilling the conditions set out in paragraph 2, should the trend of total imports into the Community of the product in question make this necessary.5. The limits introduced under paragraph 2 or paragraph 4 may in no case be lower than the level of imports of products in that category originating in Argentina in 1985.6. Quantitative limits may also be established by the Community on a regional basis in accordance with the provisions of Protocol C.7. The annual growth rate for the quantitative limits introduced under this Article shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Protocol D.8. The provisions of this Article shall not apply where the percentages specified in paragraph 2 have been reached as a result of fall in total imports into the Community, and not as a result of an increase in exports or products originating in Argentina.9. In the event of the provisions of paragraph 2, 3 or 4 being applied, Argentina undertakes to ißü export licencesfor products covered by contracts concluded before the introduction of the quantitative limit, up to the volume of the quantitative limit fixed.10. Up to the date of communication of the statistics referred to in Article 9 (7), the provisions of paragraph 2 of this Article shall apply on the basis of the annual statistics previously communicated by the Community.11. The provisions of this Agreement which concern exports of products subject to the quantitative limits established in Annex II shall also apply to products for which quantitative limits are introduced under this Article.Article 91. Argentina shall supply the Community with precise statistical information on all export certificates ißüd by the Argentine authorities for all categories of textile products subject to the quantitative limits established under this Agreement as well as on all certificates ißüd by the Argentine authorities for all products referred to in Article 5 and subject to the provisions of Protocol B.The Community shall likewise transmit to the Argentine authorities precise statistical information on import authorizations or documents ißüd by the Community authorities in respect of export licences and certificates ißüd by Argentina.2. The information referred to in paragraph 1 shall, for all categories of products, be forwarded before the end of the second month following the quarter to which the statistics relate.3. Argentina also undertakes to supply the Community wherever possible with available statistical information on all textile exports by country of destination.4. The Community shall forward to the Argentine authorities import statistics for all products covered by the system of administrative control referred to in Article 8 (2) and for products covered by Article 6 (1).5. The information referred to in paragraph 3 shall, for all categories of products, be transmitted before the end of the third month following the quarter to which the statistics relate.6. Should it be found on analysis of the information exchanged that there are significant discrepancies between the returns for exports and those for imports, consultations may be initiated in accordance with the procedure specified in Article 16.7. For the purpose of applying the provisions of Article 7, the Community undertakes to provide the Argentine authorities before 15 April of each year with the preceding year's statistics on imports of all textile products covered by this Agreement, broken down by supplying country and Community Member State.Article 101. Should there be divergent opinions between Argentina and the competent Community authorities at the point of entry into the Community on the classification of products covered by the present Agreement, classification shall provisionally be based on indications provided by the Community, pending consultations in accordance with Article 16 with a view to reaching agreement on definitive classification of the product concerned.2. If the above provisional classification results in provisional debit against a quantitative limit for a category of products other than the category indicated on the export documents ißüd by the competent Argentine authorities, the Community shall inform Argentina of such provisional debit within 30 days.3. The authorities of Argentina shall be informed of any amendment to the tariff and statistical nomenclatures in force in the Community or any decision, made in accordance with the procedures in force in the Community, relating to the classification of products covered by this Agreement.Any amendment to the tariff and statistical nomenclatures in force in the Community or any decision which results in a modification of the classification of products covered by this Agreement shall not have the effect of reducing any quantitative limit established in Annex II.The procedures for the application of this paragraph are set out in Protocol A.Article 111. Argentina and the Community agree to cooperate fully in preventing the circumvention of the present Agreement by transhipment, rerouting or whatever other means.2. Where information available to the Community as a result of the investigations carried out in accordance with the procedures set out in Protocol A constitutes evidence that products of Argentine origin subject to quantitatives limits established under this Agreement have been transhipped, rerouted or otherwise imported into the Community in circumvention of this Agreement, the Community may request the opening of consultations in accordance with the procedures described in Article 16 of this Agreement, with a view to reaching agreement on an equivalent adjustment of the corresponding quantitative limits established under the Agreement.3. Pending the result of the consultations referred to in paragraph 2, Argentina shall as a precautionary measure, if so requested by the Community make the necessary arrangements to ensure that adjustments of quantitative limits liable to be agreed following the consultations referred to in paragraph 2, may be carried out for the quota year in which the request to open consultations in accordance with paragraph 2 was made, or for the following year if the quota for the current year is exhausted, where clear evidence of circumvention is provided.4. Should the parties be unable in the course of consultations to reach a satisfactory solution within the period specified in Article 16 of the Agreement, the Community shall have the right, where clear evidence of circumvention has been provided, to deduct from the quantitative limits established under this Agreement amounts equivalent to the products of Argentine origin.Article 121. Argentina shall endeavour to ensure that exports of textile products subject to quantitative limits are spaced out as evenly as possible over an Agreement year, dü account being taken, in particular, of seasonal factors.2. Should there be an excessive concentration of imports on any product within a category subject to quantitative limits under this Agreement, the Community may request consultations in accordance with the procedure specified in Article 16 of this Agreement with a view to remedying this situation. Article 13Should recourse be had to the denunciation provisions of Article 18 (4), the quantitative limits established in Annex II shall be adapted on a pro rata basis. Article 141. For the purpose of the administration of this Agreement, the limits referred to in Article 3 are broken down by the Community into shares for each of its Member States.2. Portions of the quantitative limits established in Annex II not used in one Member State of the Community may be reallocated to another Member State in accordance with the procedures in force in the Community.The Community undertakes to examine with care and reply within four weeks to any request made for reallocation by Argentina. In the event of agreement on such reallocation, the flexibility provisions set out in Article 6 shall continü to be applicable to the levels of the original allocation.If, in the course of the application of this Agreement, Argentina finds that the break-down of a limit established in Annex II causes particular difficulties, it may request the opening of consultations in accordance with Article 16 with a view to reaching a mutually satisfactory solution.3. After the first of June of each year of application of the Agreement, Argentina may transfer, subject to prior notification to the Community, the unused quantities of the regional quota-shares of a Community quantitative limit, set out in Annex II, to the quota-shares of the same limit of other regions of the Community provided that the regional quota-share from which the transfer is made is utilized by leß than 80 %, and up to the amount of the followingpercentages of the quota-share to which the transfer is made:- 2 %in the first year of the application of the Agreement,- 4 % in the second year of the application of the Agreement,- 8 % in the third year of the application of the Agreement,- 12 % in the fourth year of the application of the Agreement.The percentage in the fifth year of the application of the Agreement shall be determined following consultation between the Parties.4. Should it appear in any given region of the Community that additional supplies are required, the Community may, where measures taken pursuant to paragraph 1 are inadequate to cover those requirements, authorize the importation of amounts greater than those stipulated in Annex II.Article 151. Argentina and the Community undertake to refrain from discrimination in the allocation of export licences and import authorizations or documents referred to in Protocol A.2. In implementing this Agreement, the Contracting Parties shall take care to maintain the traditional commercial practices and trade flows between the Community and Argentina.3. Should either Party find that the application of this Agreement is disturbing existing commercial relations between importers in the Community and suppliers in Argentina consultations shall be started promptly, in accordance with the procedure specified in Article 16 with a view to remedying this situation.Article 161. The special consultation procedures referred to in this Agreement shall be governed by the following rules:- any request for consultations shall be notified in writing to the other Party,- the request for consultations shall be followed within a reasonable period (and in any case not later than 15 days following the notification) by a statement setting out the reasons and circumstances which, in the opinion of the requesting Party, justify the submission of such a request,- the parties shall enter into consultations within one month at the latest of notification of the request, with a view to reaching agreement or a mutually acceptable conclusion within one further month at the latest.2. The Community may request consultations in accordance with paragraph 1 when it ascertains that during a particular year of application of the Agreement difficulties arise in the Community or one of its regions from a sharp and substantial increase, by comparison to the preceding year, in imports of a given category of Group I subject to the quantitative limits set out in Annex II.3. If necessary, at the request of either of the Parties and in conformity with the provisions of the Geneva Arrangement, consultations shall be held on any problems arising from the application of this Agreement. Any consultations held under this Article shall be approached by both Parties in a spirit of cooperation and with a desire to reconcile the difference between them.Article 17This Agreement shall apply, on the one hand, to the territories within which the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community is applied and under the conditions laid down in that Treaty and, on the other hand, to the territory of Argentina.Article 181. This Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the date on which the Contracting Parties notify each other of the completion of the procedures necessary for this purpose. It shall be applicable until 31 December 1991.2. This Agreement shall apply with effect from 1 January 1987.3. Either party may at any time propose modifications to the Agreement.4. Either Party may at any time denounce this Agreement provided that at least 60 days notice is given. In that event, the Agreement shall come to an end on the expiry of the period of notice.5. The Annexes, Protocols and Agreed Minutes to this Agreement shall form an integral part thereof.Article 19This Agreement shall be drawn up in two copies in the Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Portugüse and Spanish languages, each of these texts being equally authentic.ANNEX I LIST OF PRODUCTS 1. When the constitutive material of the products of categories 1 to 114 is not specifically mentioned these products are to be taken to be made exclusively of wool or of fine animal hair, of cotton or of man-made fibres.2. Garments which are not recognizable as being garments for men or boys or as garments for women or girls are classified with the latter.3. Where the expression 'babies' garments' is used, this is meant also to cover girls' garments up to and including commercial size 86.>PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE>>PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE>>PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE>>PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE>>PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE> . 6. 87Official Journal of the European Communities>PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE>ANNEX II For practical reasons the product descriptions used Annex I are given in the present Annex in abbreviated form >PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE>PROTOCOL A TITLE ICLASSIFICATIONArticle 11. The competent authorities of the Community undertake to inform Argentina of any changes in the tariff and statistical nomenclatures before the date of their entry into effect in the Community.2. The competent authorities of the Community undertake to inform Argentina of any decisions relating to the classification of products subject to the Agreement within one month of their adoption at the latest. Such communication shall include:(a) a description of the products concerned;(b) the relevant category and the related tariff and statistical references;(c) the reasons which have led to the decision.3. Where a decision on classification results in a change of classification practice or a change of category of any product subject to the Agreement, the competent authorities of the Community shall provide 30 day's notice, from the date of the Community's communication, before the decision is put into effect. Products shipped before the date of application of the decision shall remain subject to the earlier classification practice, provided that the goods in question are presented for importation into the Community within 60 days of that date.4. Where a Community decision on classification resulting in a change of classification practice or a change of categorization of any product subject to the Agreement affects a category subject to restraint, the two Parties agree to enter into consultations in accordance with the procedures described in Article 16 (1) of the Agreement with a view to honouring the obligation under the second subparagraph of Article 10 (3) of the Agreement.TITLE IIORIGINArticle 21. Products originating in Argentina for export to the Community in accordance with the arrangements established by this Agreement shall be accompanied by a certificate of Argentina origin conforming to the model annexed to this Protocol.2. The certificate of origin shall be ißüd by the competent governmental authorities of Argentina if the products in question can be considered products originatingin that country within the meaning of the relevant rules in force in the Community.3. However, the products in Group III may be imported into the Community in accordance with the arrangements established by this Agreement on production of a declaration by the exporter on the invoice or other commercial document relating to the products to the effect that the products in question originate in Argentina within the meaning of the relevant rules in force in the Community.4. The certificate of origin referred to in paragraph 1 shall not be required for import of goods covered by a certificate of origin Form A or Form APR completed in accordance with the relevant Community rules in order to qualify for generalized tariff preferences.Article 3The certificate of origin shall be ißüd only on application having been made in writing by the exporter or, under the exporter's responsibility, by his authorized representative. The competent governmental authorties of Argentina shall ensure that the certificate of origin is properly completed and for this purpose they shall call for any necessary documentary evidence or carry out any check which they consider appropriate.Article 4Where different criteria for determining origin are laid down for products falling within the same category, certificates or declarations of origin shall contain a sufficiently detailed description of the goods to enable the criterion to be determined on the basis of which the certificate was ißüd or the declaration drawn up.Article 5The discovery of slight discrepancies between the statements made in the certificate of origin and those made in the documents produced to the customs office for the purpose of carrying out the formalities for importing the product shall not ipso facto cast doubt upon the statements in the certificate.TITLE IIIDOUBLE CHECKING SYSTEM FOR CATEGORIES OF PRODUCTS WITH QUANTITATIVE LIMITSSection IExportationArticle 6The competent authorities of Argentina shall ißü an export licence in respect of all consignments from Argentina oftextile products referred to in Annex II, up to the relevant quantitative limits as may be modified by Articles 7, 13 and 14 of the Agreement and of textile products subject to any definitive or provisional quantitative limits established as a result of the application of Article 8 of the Agreement.Article 71. The export licence shall conform to the model annexed to this Protocol. It must certify inter alia that the quantity of the product in question has been set off against the quantitative limit prescribed for the category of the product in question.2. Each export licence shall only cover one of the categories of products listed in Annex II of this Agreement. It may be used for one or more consignments of the products in question.Article 8The competent Community authorities must be notified forthwith of the withdrawal or alteration of any export licence already ißüd.Article 91. Exports shall be set off against the quantitative limits established for the year in which shipment of the goods has been effected, even if the export certificate is ißüd after such shipment.2. For the purpose of applying paragraph 1, shipment of the goods is considered to have taken place on the date of their loading on to the exporting aircraft, vehicle or vessel.Article 10The presentation of an export licence, in application of Article 11, shall be effected not later than 31 March of the year following that in which the goods covered by the licence have been shipped.Section IIImportationArticle 11Importation into the Community of textile products subject to quantitative limits shall be subject to the presentation of an import authorization or document.Article 121. The competent Community authorities shall ißü such import authorization or document automatically within fiveworking days of the presentation by the importer of the original of the corresponding export licence.The import authorization or document shall be valid for six months.2. The competent Community authorities shall cancel the already ißüd import authorization or document if the corresponding export licence has been withdrawn.However, if the competent Community authorities have not been notified about the withdrawal or cancellation of the export licence until after the products have been imported into the Community, the quantities involved shall be set off against the quantitative limit for the category and the quota year in question.Article 131. If the competent Community authorities find that the total quantities covered by export certificates ißüd by Argentina for a particular category in any Agreement year exceed the quantitative limit established in Annex II for that category, as may be modified by Articles 7, 13 and 14 of the Agreement, or any definitive or provisional limit established under Article 8 of the Agreement, the said authorities may suspend the further ißü of import authorizations or documents. In this event, the competent Community authorities shall immediately inform the authorities of Argentina and the special consultation procedure set out in Article 16 of the Agreement shall be initiated forthwith.2. Exports of Argentine origin not covered by Argentine export licences ißüd in accordance with the provisions of this Protocol may be refused the ißü of import authorizations or documents by the competent Community authorities.However, if the import of such products is allowed into the Community by the competent Community authorities, the quantities involved shall not be set off against the appropriate quantitative limits set out in Annex II or established as a result of the application of Article 7 of the Agreement, without the expreß agreement of Argentina save as provided for in Article 11 of the Agreement.TITLE IVFORM AND PRODUCTION OF EXPORT CERTIFICATES AND CERTIFICATES OF ORIGIN, AND COMMON PROVISIONSArticle 141. The export licence and the certificate of origin may comprise additional copies duly indicated as such. They shall be made out in English or French. If they are completed by hand, entries must be in ink and in block capitals.These documents shall measure 210 × 297 mm. The paper used must be white writing paper, sized, not containing mechanical pulp and weighing not leß than 25 g/m$. Eachpart shall have a printed guilloche-pattern background making any falsification by mechanical or chemical means apparent to the eye.If the documents have several copies only the top copy which is the original shall be printed with the guilloche-pattern background. This copy shall be clearly marked as 'original' and the other copies as 'copy'. Only the original shall be accepted by the competent authorities in the Community as being valid for the purposes of export to the Community in accordance with the arrangements established by this Agreement.2. Each document shall bear a standardized serial number, whether or not printed, by which it can be identified.This number shall be composed of the following elements:- two letters identifying Argentina as follows: AR,- two letters identifying the country of destination as follows:BL = BeneluxDE = GermanyDK = DenmarkFR = FranceGB = United KingdomGR = GreeceIE = IrelandIT = ItalyES = SpainPT = Portugal- a one-digit number identifying quota year, corresponding to the last figure in year, e.g. 7 for 1987,- a two-digit number running consecutively from 01 to 99 identifying issuing office.- a five-digit number running consecutively from 00001 to 99999 allocated to the country of destination.Article 15The export licence and certificate of origin may be ißüd after the shipment of the products to which they relate. In such cases they shall bear either the endorsement 'délivré a posteriori' or the endorsement 'Ißüd retrospectively'.Article 161. In the event of theft, loß or destruction of an export licence or a certificate of origin, the exporter may apply to the competent governmental authority which ißüd the document for a duplicate to be made out on the basis of the export documents in his possession. The duplicate of any such certificate or licence so ißüd shall bear the endorsement 'duplicata'.2. The duplicate must bear the date of the original export licence or certificate of origin.TITLE VADMINISTRATIVE COOPERATIONArticle 17The Community and Argentina shall cooperate closely to implement the provisions of this Agreement. To this end, contacts and exchanges of views (including on technical matters) shall be facilitated by both Parties.Article 18In order to ensure the proper application of this Agreement, the Community and Argentina shall assist each other in checking the authenticity and accuracy of export licences and certificates of origin ißüd or declarations made under this Protocol.Article 19Argentina shall send the Commission of the European Communities the names and addresses of the governmental authorities competent for the ißü and verification of export licences and certificates of origin together with specimens of the stamps used by these authorities. Argentina shall also notify the Commission of any change in this information.Article 201. Subsequent verification of certificates of origin or export licences shall be carried out at random, or whenever the competent Community authorities have reasonable doubt as to the authenticity of the certificate or licence or as to accuracy of the information regarding the products in question.2. In such cases the competent authorities in the Community shall return the certificate of origin or export licence or a copy thereof to the competent governmental authority in Argentina giving, where appropriate, the reasons of form or substance for an enquiry. If the invoice has been submitted, such invoice or a copy thereof shall be attached to the certificate or licence or its copy. The authorities shall also forward any information that has been obtained suggesting that the particulars given on the said certificate or licence are inaccurate.3. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall be applicable to subsequent verifications of the declarations of origin referred to in Article 2 of this Protocol.4. The results of the subsequent verifications carried out in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be communicated to the competent authorities of the Community within three months at the latest. The information communicated shall indicate whether the disputed certificate or licence applied to the goods actually exported and whether these goods are eligible for export in accordance with the arrangements established by this Agreement. The information shall also include, at the requestof the Community, copies of all documentation necessary to determine the facts fully and in particular the trü origin of the goods.Should such verifications reveal systematic irregularities in the use of declarations of origin, the Community may subject imports of the products in question to the provisions of Article 2 (1) of this Protocol.5. For the purpose of subsequent verification of certificates of origin, copies of the certificates as well as any export documents referring to them shall be kept for a period of at least three years by the competent governmental authority in Argentina.6. Recourse to the random verification procedure specified in this Article must not constitute an obstacle to the release for home use of the products in question.Article 211. Where the verification procedure referred to in Article 20 or where information available to the Community or to Argentina indicates or appears to indicate that the provisions of this Agreement are being contravened, both Parties shall cooperate closely and with appropriate urgency to prevent such contravention.2. To this end Argentina shall on its own initiative or at the request of the Community, carry out appropriateenquiries or arrange for such enquiries to be carried out concerning operations which are, or appear to the Community to be in contravention of this Agreement. Argentina shall communicate the results of these enquiries to the Community together with any other pertinent information enabling the trü origin of the goods to be determined.3. By agreement between the competent Community authorities and the competent Argentine authorities, officials designated by the Community may be present at the enquiries referred to above.4. Pursuant to the cooperation referred to in paragraph 1, Argentina and the Community shall exchange any information considered by either party to be of use in preventing the contravention of the provisions of this Agreement. These exchanges may include information on textile production in Argentina and on trade in textile products of a kind covered by this Agreement between Argentina and other countries, particularly where the Community has reasonable grounds to consider that the products in question may be in transit acroß the territory of Argentina and prior to their importation into the Community. This information shall include at the request of the Community copies of all relevant documentation.5. Where it is established that the provisions of this Agreement have been contravened, Argentina and the Community may agree to take such measures as are necessary to prevent a recurrence of such contravention.Annex to Protocol A, Article 2(1)>PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE>Annex to Protocol A, Article 7(1)>PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE>PROTOCOL B 1. The exemption provided for in Article 5 of the Agreement in respect of cottage industry products shall apply only to the following products:(a) fabrics woven on hand- or foot-operated looms, being fabrics of a kind traditionally made in the cottage industry of Argentina;(b) garments or other textile articles of a kind traditionally made in the cottage industry of Argentina obtained manually from the fabrics referred to above and sewn exclusively by hand without the aid of any machine;(c) traditional folklore textile products of Argentina made by hand in the cottage industry of Argentina as defined in a list to be agreed between both Parties and annexed to this Protocol.Exemption shall be granted only for products accompanied by a certificate ißüd by the competent Argentine authorities in accordance with the specimen annexed to this Protocol. Such certificates shall state the ground on which exemption is based and shall be accepted by the competent Community authorities provided that they are satisfied that the products concerned conform to the conditions set out in this Protocol. Certificates covering the products referred to in subparagraph (c) above shall bear a conspicuous stamp: 'FOLKLORE'. In case of divergent opinion between Argentina and the competent Community authorities at the point of entry into the Community as to the nature of such products, consultations shall be held within one month with a view to resolving such divergences. Should imports of any of the above products reach such proportions as to cause difficulties to the Community, the two Parties shall open consultations forthwith in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16 of the Agreement with a view to finding a quantitative solution to the problem.2. The provisions of Title IV and V of Protocol A shall apply mutatis mutandi to the products referred to in paragraph 1 of this Protocol.Annex to Protocol B>PLATZ FÜR EINE TABELLE>PROTOCOL C Under Article 8 (6) of the Agreement, a quantitative limit may be fixed on a regional basis where imports of a given product into any region of the Community in relation to the amounts determined in accordance with paragraph 2 of the said Article 8 exceed the following regional percentage:Germany 25,5 %Benelux 9,5 %France 16,5 %Italy 13,5 %Denmark 2,7 %Ireland 0,8 %United Kingdom 21,0 %Greece 1,5 %Spain 7,5 %Portugal 1,5 %PROTOCOL D The annual growth rate for the quantitative limits introduced under Article 8 of the Agreement shall be determined as follows:For products in categories falling within Group I, II, III, the growth rate shall be fixed by agreement between the Parties in accordance with the consultation procedure established in Article 16 of the Agreement. Such growth rate may in no case be lower than the highest rate applied to corresponding products under bilateral agreements concluded under the Geneva Arrangement between the Community and other third countries having a level of trade equal to or comparable with that of Argentina.Agreed Minute With reference to Article 14 (3) of the Agreement on trade in textiles between the European Economic Community and the Republic of Argentina, initialled on 30 September 1986, it is agreed that the percentage of the fifth year of the application of the Agreement will be at least equal to the percentage applicable in the fourth year.Head of Delegation of theRepublic of ArgentinaHead of Delegation of theEuropean Economic CommunityExchange of Notes The Mission of the Republic of Argentina to the European Communities presents its compliments to the Directorate-General for External Relations of the Commission of the European Communities and has the honour to refer to the Agreement on trade in textile products between the Republic of Argentina and the Community initialled on 30 September 1986.The Mission wishes to inform the Directorate-General that whilst awaiting the completion of the necessary procedures for the conclusion and the coming into force of the Agreement, the Government of the Republic of Argentina is prepared to allow the provisions of the Agreement to apply provisionally from 1 January 1987 if the Community is disposed to do likewise.The Mission would be grateful if the Community would confirm its agreement to the foregoing.The Mission of the Republic of Argentina to the European Communities avails itself of this opportunity to renew to the Directorate-General for External Relations of the European Communities the assurance of its highest consideration.Exchange of Notes The Directorate-General for External Relations of the Commission of the European Communities presents its compliments to the Mission of the Republic of Argentina to the European Communities and has the honour to refer to the Note regarding the Agreement on trade in textile products between the Republic of Argentina and the Community initalled on 30 September 1986.The Directorate-General wishes to confirm that whilst awaiting the completion of the necessary procedures for the conclusion and the coming into force of the Agreement, the Community is prepared to allow the provisions of the Agreement to apply provisionally from 1 January 1987.The Directorate-General for External Relations of the Commission of the European Communities avails itself of this opportunity to renew to the Mission of the Republic of Argentina to the European Communities the assurance of its highest consideration.


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Saarna Karkun kirkon satavuotisjuhlassa | Piispa Kaarlo Kalliala
 Saarna Karkun kirkon satavuotisjuhlassa
 Mitä tapahtuu, kun öljy loppuu? Millaista on elämä öljyn jälkeen? Vastaus riippuu siitä, mitä ajatellaan kysyttävän. Paneudutaanko valvomisen sunnuntain evankeliumitekstiin vai onko käsillä tuore kirja Suomi öljyn jälkeen, joka pohtii miten sitten eletäänkään, kun öljy on niin vähissä, ettei ainakaan näin eletä. Tai sitten, yhtä kaikki, kysytään jotakuinkin yhtä ja samaa.
 Siihen aikaan, kun Karkun kirkkoa rakennettiin, elämä ei vielä ollut lähellekään näin öljypohjaista. Vaikka autoilu ja liikenne ylipäätään kuluttaakin öljystä vain osan, jotakin se kertoo, että maassa oli ehkä tuhat autoa ja niistä noin kaksi kolmannesta Helsingin ulkopuolella – mahdollisesti jokin joskus myös täällä. Bensiinin myynti oli juuri siirtymässä apteekeista huoltoasemille.
 Kun piintyneet katsantokannat liestyvät
 Elämä oli paikallisempaa, hidasrytmisempää, luontaisempaa ja perinteisempää. Lisäksi se oli tautisempaa ja lyhyempää ja köyhempää. Mutta muuttumassa se oli: vaikka teollinen vallankumous saattoi tuntua kaukaiselta, se oli hyvää vauhtia meneillään. Itse asiassa maailma ja Suomi sen mukana oli jo vuosikymmeniä elänyt syvää murrosta. Jos kaupunkimaisemiin alkoi kohota tehtaanpiippuja, myös ihmisten mielenmaisemaan nousi jotakin ennen kokematonta.
 Jo 1800-luvun puolivälissä pari yhteiskuntafilosofia kuvasi tämän elämänkokemusta koskevan kehityskulun luonnetta tällä tavoin: ”Kaikki piintyneet, ruostuneet suhteet ja niihin liittyvät vanhastaan arvossa pidetyt katsantokannat liestyvät, kaikki vasta muodostuneet vanhenevat ennen kuin ehtivät luutua, kaikki säätyperäinen ja pysyvä katoaa, kaikkea pyhää häväistään, ja ihmisten on lopulta pakko tarkastella asemaansa elämässä ja keskinäisiä suhteitaan avoimin silmin.”
 Ja silloin, kun kaikki tämä alkoi olla täälläkin tunnistettavissa, rakennettiin Karkun kirkko. Hyvässä hengessä, hyvässä yhteisymmärryksessä ja ilman rakennusaikaisia onnettomuuksia. Sitä kukaan ei tiennyt, että vain vajaata vuotta sen jälkeen, kun kirkko oli vihitty Kristuksen tulemisen kirkoksi, Eurooppa ja maailma suistuisivat suorastaan lopunajalliselta tuntuvaan sotaan, joka – viimeistään – rajasi jonkin vanhan ja jonkin uuden aikakauden toinen toisistaan.
 Eikä sitä voitu tietää, että runsaan neljän vuoden päästä vihkimisestään kirkko toimisi varustuksena katkerassa sisällissodassa, joka – viimeistään – kertoi, että elämänmuodot ja elämänkokemukset olivat eriytyneet toinen toisistaan jo siinä määrin, että ihan vihaksi pisti.
 Ihminen on joka tapauksessa Jumalan varassa
 Mutta silloin siis rakennettiin kirkko. Ja vihittiin se viimeisenä adventtisunnuntaina 1913 Kristuksen tulemisen kirkoksi. Kirkkovuoden lopun tekstit ovat kovin samanhenkisiä kuin kirkkovuoden alunkin: vertaus tai kehotuspuhe kymmenestä morsiusneidosta viittaa tietenkin juuri Kristuksen tulemiseen. Hän on se sulhanen, jota odotetaan, ja morsian on hänen kirkkonsa, kristillinen seurakunta. Tuommoisena aikana tämä kirkko vihittiin: jälkeenpäin katsottuna hyvinkin dramaattisena ja ehkä jo silloinkin murrosluonteestaan jollain tavoin myös tietoisena. Mutta toisaalta, sittenkin, tulevaisuutta näkemättä ja siihen valmistautumatta.
 Morsiusneidot olivat puolittain valmistautuneita, puolittain ei – mielipidemittauksissa olisi saatu 50 prosentin kannatus sekä sulhasen varhaiselle saapumiselle että myöhäisemmälle, virhemarginaalin ollessa niin-ja-niin monta prosenttiyksikköä. Asiallisemmin kuvattuna osa oli varautunut toisenkinlaiseen tulevaisuuteen ja osa vain odotettavissa olevimpaan. Osa ajatteli asioiden menevän niin kuin niiden oli tapana mennä, kun taas osa piti mahdollisena katkosta, epäjatkuvuutta ja odottamattomuutta. Eikä tarvitse hetkeäkään miettiä, kummanlaisia kymmenen lampun kertomus kehottaa sen kuulevia olemaan.
 Se kehottaa olemaan sellaisia, jotka ovat aina valmiita, tapahtui mitä tapahtui. Sellaisia, joiden kannalta on loppujen lopuksi jokseenkin se ja sama, katkeaako tämä vai jatkuuko: ihminen kun nyt on joka tapauksessa koko ajan Jumalan varassa ja aina toinen toisestaan riippuvainen, kävi kuinka kävi.
 Tarvitseeko pyhä puolustuksekseen graniittilinnoja?
 Hienoa – mutta vaikeaa. Uljasta – mutta kuinkahan tavoitettavissa. Vaikka hyvin ymmärtäisikin, mitä kymmenen morsiusneidon kertomus ajaa takaa, voi silti joutua toteamaan, ettei ollenkaan ole varma omasta joka-aikaisesta varmuudestaan. Usko kun on tie ja Jumalan-tuntemus on tie: saatan olla alussa, sivussa tai ojassa. Voin olla väsähtänyt, pysähtynyt tai nääntynyt. Tietä kun kuljetaan, ajat, paikat ja hetket eivät ole ollenkaan yhtäläisiä: toista olisi lähteä kohtaamaan Herraansa keskeltä hengellistä kuivaa kautta tai uskossaan peräti tympääntyneenä kuin riemuissaan, lohdutettuna ja sielu hehkuen.
 Ehkei kertomus kuitenkaan ensisijaisesti vaadi, vaan huomauttaa. Aina sen on joka tapauksessa katsottu varoittavan. Varoittavan siitä, ettei kukaan katsoisi voivansa pitää taukoa luottamuksessaan Jumalaan eikä ehdoin tahdoin suostuisi siihen, ettei usko enää vaikuttaisi elämään. Jos – tai kun – usko on tie, on eri asia kompuroida ja kompastella sillä kuin heittää sikseen koko takkuinen vaellus tai lykätä matkan jatkaminen jonnekin epämääräiseen ja epävarmaan tulevaisuuteen.
 Jos kerran usko on tie ja kun kerran sen kuuluu vaikuttaa elämään, se tie kulkee juuri sen maailman halki, jossa kukin juuri nyt elää ja juuri siinä elettävän elämään se vaikuttaa. Vuonna 1913 tämä kirkko otettiin käyttöön siinä ajassa ja sen mielenmaisemissa. Se oli kuin olikin aikaa, josta jo aikalainen olisi voinut sanoa, että tämä sana on käynyt toteen korvien kuullen ja silmin nähden: ”Kaikki piintyneet, ruostuneet suhteet ja niihin liittyvät vanhastaan arvossa pidetyt katsantokannat liestyvät, kaikki vasta muodostuneet vanhenevat ennen kuin ehtivät luutua, kaikki säätyperäinen ja pysyvä katoaa, kaikkea pyhää häväistään.”
 Silti tällaiseen yhteiskuntaan ja tähän mielenmaisemaan rakennettiin mitä kiintein rakennus, kivinen kirkko. Siksikö, ettei tajuttu, kuinka ”vanhastaan arvossa pidetyt katsantokannat liestyvät” ja ”kaikkea pyhää häväistään”, että aika ajoi jo ohi? Vai vanhastaan arvossa pidetyn ja pyhän puolustamiseksi graniittilinnoituksin? En usko kumpaakaan.
 Onko usko todellisuuspakoa vai tosielämän jaksamista?
 Eiköhän tämä kirkko ole tässä siksi, mihin tuo lainaus päättyy: ”Ihmisten on lopulta pakko tarkastella asemaansa elämässä ja keskinäisiä suhteitaan avoimin silmin.”
 Se sulhanen, se Herra, jota viisi sellaista ja viisi tällaista morsiusneitoa odottavat, hän se meidän silmämme on aukaissut. Hän se – koko olemisellaan, opetuksellaan ja kohtalollaan – on pakottanut meidät tarkastelemaan asemaamme elämässä ja keskinäisiä suhteitamme kaihtelematta.
 Hän ei ole, milloin lempeästi ja milloin hyvin vähän lempeästi, jättänyt meille mahdollisuutta olla kohtamaatta realiteetteja, koskivat ne sitten itseämme, toisia, maailmaa ylipäätään tai Jumalaa. Ja tämän lahjomattoman realismin myötä hän on myös antanut meille toivon: vain tosipohjaisesti voi toivoa, kun taas selittely ja kuvittelu tuottavat vain toiveajattelua vailla katetta.
 Ei ole ollenkaan todennäköistä, että nuo yhteiskuntafilosofit, jotka niin osuvasti kuvasivat maailman muuttumista, ajattelivat sitä, että juuri Kristus pakottaisi ihmiset tarkastelemaan ”asemaansa elämässä ja keskinäisiä suhteitaan avoimin silmin”. Eivät Karl Marx ja Friedrich Engels monessa muussakaan suhteessa olleet oikeassa, niin terävästi ja suorastaan profeetallisesti kuin he länsimaisen elämänmuodon muuttumisen näkivätkin. Uskonto ei ole kansan oopiumia, jolla se huumaa itsensä tosimaailman kärsimyksiä paetakseen. Kristus-usko on kansan luomuruokaa, jolla se pysyy kunnossa kärsimyksiä lievittääkseen ja tosielämää jaksaakseen.
 Jumalan sanan kärki: nähdä maailma toisin
 Tämän takia tämä kirkko on tässä. Pitkäaikainen kirkkoherra K.E. Rinne vei vuonna 1934 syntyneen rippikoululaisikäluokan ulos ja kierrätti heillä kirkon. Tehtävänä oli etsiä kaksi samanlaista kiveä. Vaikka räystään alla näyttikin ensi näkemältä sellaisia olevan, ne olivat silti vähän eripituisia.
 Opetus Rinteen omin sanoin oli tämä: ”Me olemme temppelin kiviä. Tärkeintä ei suinkaan ole, että olemme samanlaisia. Se ei ole mahdollistakaan. Jumalan luomistyön rikkaus näkyy erilaisuudessa. On valkoihoisia, mustia, keltaisia ja punertavia. Ja satoja eri kieliä. Mutta missä Kristuksen evankeliumi Pyhän Hengen vaikuttamana kohtaa ihmisen, siitä tulee elävä kivi ja se rakentuu toisten kanssa temppelirakennukseksi. Siksi me uskallamme joka sunnuntai lausua: Minä uskon pyhän yhteisen seurakunnan ja pyhäin yhteyden.”
 Niinpä tämä kirkko on yhtä aikaa tila ja paikka ”Ihmisten ... tarkastella asemaansa elämässä ja keskinäisiä suhteitaan avoimin silmin” ja yhtä aikaa se on tällä tavoin, uskon silmin, katselevan ihmisjoukon kuva ja symboli. Se on rakennus, jossa jaetaan sakramenttia ja saarnataan Jumalan sanaa; Jumalan sananhan olemus ja kärki on juuri siinä, että me näkisimme maailman toisin, uskon avoimin silmin. Ja se on rakennus, joka muistuttaa meitä kutakin erilaisuudestamme ja ominaislaadustamme, keskinäisten suhteidemme moninaisuudesta ja jakamisen välttämättömyydestä. Sekä asemamme haavoittuvuudesta yksin ja sen vahvuudesta toinen toistemme kanssa.
 Karkun kirkko on aloittamassa toista vuosisataansa. Aika ei ole ainakaan sen vähemmän raskaana odotuksesta kuin sata vuotta sitten. Nyt meidän on pakko kysyä, mitä me teemme ja miten me elämmekään, ellei meillä ole öljyä. Me emme tiedä, kuinka tyhmiä morsiusneitoja me olemme viimeisen sadan vuoden aikana olleetkaan tai kuinka viisaita ratkaisuja me pystymmekään kehittämään.
 Sekin meidän on työläs hahmottaa, kuinka unessa tai valveilla ne ovat olleet, jotka meidän yhä monimutkaisemmassa ja keskinäisriippuvaisemmassa maailmassamme ovat suuria ratkaisuja tehneet. Mutta semmoista aavistusta vain on vaikea välttää, että meitä, meidän lapsiamme ja lapsenlapsiamme on odottamassa yhteiskunta ja elämänmuoto, joka on kovin erilainen kuin se, mihin me olemme tottuneet.
 Ehkä siihen siirrytään kivuliaasti. Ehkä se tuntuu kokonaan toiselta aikakaudelta. Ehkä se tuo mukanaan tämän tutunoloisen maailman lopun, vaikkei maailmanloppua: ehkä valmistautumisessa siihen on jotakin olennaisesti samaa kuin kirkkovuoden lopussa ja adventissa. Ehkä. Mutta aivan varmasti siihen voivat suhtautua poikkeuksellisen luottavaisesti ne, jotka Kristus on saattanut tarkastelemaan asemaansa elämässä ja keskinäisiä suhteitaan uskon avoimin silmin. Ne, joilla on öljyä, kun öljyä ei ole.


type: wikipedia

text:
Област Ловеч (също и Ловешка област) (бивш Ловешки окръг) е област в България. Административен и стопански център е град Ловеч. Пощенските кодове на населените места в област Ловеч са от 5500 (за град Ловеч) до 5799. МПС-кодът ѝ е ОВ.
 Разположена е по северните склонове на Средна Стара планина и централния Предбалкан до Деветашкото плато и началото на Дунавската равнина. Обхваща територия от 4128,8 km2 и е с население 116 394 души (по окончателни данни от преброяване 2021).
 Населени места
 Населени места в област Ловеч (градовете са с удебелен шрифт):
 Население
 Численост на населението
 Численост на населението в населените места на днешните общини в област Ловеч, според преброяванията през годините:
 Прираст на населението
 Естествен прираст
 Етнически състав
 Численост и дял на етническите групи според преброяванията на населението през годините:
 Езици
 Численост и дял на населението по роден език, според преброяването на населението през 2001 г.
 Вероизповедания
 Численост и дял на населението по вероизповедание според преброяванията на населението през годините:
 Източници
 Външни препратки
 Ловеч Нюз – Новините от Ловеч и региона
 Ловеч днес – Новини и коментари от Ловеч
 Крушунските водопади – изумрудената водна феерия на Предбалкана
 Музикални изпълнители в стил рок или свързаните с него подстилове музика от областта в Български рок архиви


text:
Občina Šentilj je ena od občin v Republiki Sloveniji. Meji na občine Apače, Kungota, Pesnica, Sveta Ana in Sveti Jurij v Slovenskih goricah.
 Naselja v občini
 Ceršak, Cirknica, Dražen Vrh, Jurjevski Dol, Kaniža, Kozjak pri Ceršaku, Kresnica, Plodršnica, Selnica ob Muri, Sladki Vrh, Spodnja Velka, Srebotje, Stara Gora pri Šentilju, Svečane, Šentilj v Slovenskih goricah, Šomat, Štrihovec, Trate, Vranji Vrh, Zgornja Velka, Zgornje Dobrenje, Zgornje Gradišče
 Lega
 Občina Šentilj leži v zahodnih Slovenskih goricah, med Dravo in Muro. Meri 65 km2 in ima okoli 8100 prebivalcev. Severno od naselja Šentilj je mednarodni mejni prehod.
 Sklici in opombe
 Glej tudi
 Seznam enot nepremične kulturne dediščine v Občini Šentilj
 Šentilj
 Ustanovitve leta 1994