Right Hon. R. B. BENNETT (Prime Minister):: Yesterday the hon. member for Shelburne-Yarmouth (Mr. Ralston) asked whether I would be in a position to table further correspondence in connection with the world economic and financial conference. The official communications on this subject have been issued by the secretary of the League

Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
of Nations, as I indicated yesterday, and they include the invitation from the president of the Lausanne conference of the League of Nations to invoke the world conference, and the action taken by the League of Nations in consequence. Copies of the communications are attached to the file which I shall presently lay on the table. Copies are also attached of communications with the government of the United States indicating the scope of the conference, together with two telegrams from the Canadian delegation at Geneva supplementing the official information. Some despatches in this connection have been received from the government of the United Kingdom, as I indicated yesterday, but these are of a confidential nature and do not contain any additional information as to the scope or nature of the conference.
I will now table these documents so that they will be available to the hon. member and to the house generally.



QUESTION PASSED AS ORDER FOR RETURN


Mr. REID:: 1.	How many rural mail routes were established in each province during the year 1931?
2.	How many rural mail routes were put into operation from January 1, 1932, to date, and what number in each province?


Mr. SAUVE:: Tabled herewith.



PUBLIC WORKS-NOVA SCOTIA

Mr. WILLIAM DUFF (Antigonish-Guysborough) moved:: For a return giving a list of all federal public works started or contemplated in Nova Scotia, by constituencies, since April 1, 1932; the nature of same, whether wharves, breakwaters, etc.; whether such works are on regular estimates or undertaken as relief measures; the amounts expended or to be expended during the current fiscal year; names of localities and foremen of construction; current rates of wages paid.


Richard Bedford Bennett: I think if the hon. gentleman will look at the terms of his motion he will observe that the words "or contemplated" are contained in it. I think these words should be deleted before the motion is passed. This house does not pass resolutions dealing with matters in contemplation until such time as those matters take concrete form. '


Mr. SPEAKER:: Shall the motion carry, with the words "or contemplated" deleted?


Richard Bedford Bennett: And the corresponding
words with regard to expenditures.


Pierre Édouard Blondin: Perhaps the motion had better stand and be rewritten.
Motion stands.



IMPERIAL ECONOMIC CONFERENCE


Richard Bedford Bennett: That it is expedient that parliament do approve of the trade agreement entered into at Ottawa the 20th day of August, 1932, between representatives of His Majesty's government in Canada and of His Majesty's government in the United Kingdom, and that this house do approve of the same, subject to the legislation required in order to give effect to the fiscal changes consequent thereto.
He said: I have the great honour and satisfaction of presenting for the approval of this house, certain trade agreements made between Canada and the other countries of the British Empire at the Imperial economic conference, recently held in this city.
These agreements are as follows:
1.	Agreement between His Majesty's government in the United Kingdom and His Majesty's government in Canada.
2.	Agreement beween His Majesty's government in the Dominion of Canada and His Majesty's government in the Union of South Africa.
3.	Agreement between His Majesty's government in Canada and His Majesty's government in the Irish Free State.
4.	Agreements between His Majesty's government in Canada and the government of Southern Rhodesia.
These agreements mark the first forward step in a definite scheme of closer empire economic association. They are based upon the principle enunciated by the Conservative party before the last general election, and steadfastly supported by it from that time to the present. They conform to the general plan proposed by this government at the economic conference held at London two years ago, reaffirmed at the opening of the Ottawa conference, and adopted in a very practical way by the agreements which are the outcome of its deliberations.
At the economic conference held in London in October, 1930, I submitted, on behalf of the government of Canada, a plan for closer econ-
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omic association, predicated upon the general adoption of preferential tariffs. At that time the empire as a whole was not ready to accept this plan. At the economic conference recently held in this city, I resubmitted in principle my earlier proposal by offering to the United Kingdom: (1) an extension of the list of articles admitted free into Canada from empire markets; (2) retention of the existing preferences in favour of Great Britain; and (3) increased preferences in respect of a selected list of articles in which Great Britain was especially equipped to supply the Canadian market without injuring efficient Canadian enterprise, and in exchange I asked: (1) for the retention of existing preferences; and (2) their effective extension to those other natural and processed products of which the United Kingdom is an importer.
My proposal involved the adoption of measures to safeguard the operation of the agreement from the unfair competition of countries whose state controlled standards of living, state controlled labour and state aided dumping, dictated by high state policies, conflicted in theory and in practice with the free institutions of the British Empire.
As at London in 1930, so at the conference at Ottawa, I explained that the desire of this government was to secure a greater empire market for its natural products. And here I said that while in the past, Canada's manufactured products have enjoyed a measure of protection in the home market, our natural products have enjoyed little or no tariff advantage over their foreign competitors in empire markets. I made it clear that in our opinion, the ideal application of the principle of protection involved an equalization of benefits thereunder as between manufactured and natural products, and said that it was the desire of this government to effect that equalization and to find a way for our exporters into empire markets by giving the exporters from those markets a way into ours.
In brief, I proposed that we should secure tariff preferences in empire markets for our natural products, as well as wider markets for our manufactured products, by granting in the home market tariff concessions to empire manufacturers. In other words, we desired to secure wider empire markets for our producers of natural and manufactured products, having regard to the relative importance to them of export trade.
How far this government succeeded, you may judge by the character of the agreements to which it is a signatory.

I do not wish to create the impression that as a result of this conference we are putting into operation a plan that will secure at the outset the greatest possible development of the empire's trading potentialities. When we remember that the British Empire, as we know it to-day, has within its boundaries one-quarter of the human family, representing every shade of economic diversity, it would have been folly to expect that we should have secured at the outset the maximum benefits in preferential trade of which the empire is capable.
What I do mean to say, however, is that after almost half a century of hopes and fears, and vain endeavour, the countries of the British Empire have at last come together in agreement, based upon the principle of reciprocal and mutually advantageous tariff preferences; and have, moreover, by their common trust and zeal, prepared the way, not only for the practical working out of existing agreements, but for their augmentation at such times as our common interest may suggest.
These agreements were made in good faith between friends and kinsmen. They do not represent the result of dispassionate bargaining. And despite the unpatriotic efforts made by some to create the impression that the primary interest of each of the delegations was to benefit its own empire state at the cost of all others, I can tell you that while naturally and properly each delegation did its best for its own country, we all realized that no agreement could be lasting or beneficial which was one-sided, and we tried, while advancing our own position, to be constantly mindful of the position of other parties to the negotiations. In the result, we have agreements which, I claim, are fair and because of their fairness, I believe, will be enduring. It is in our interest that they should be enduring, for in my view advantages under these agreements are not secured through drying up world channels of trade. On the contrary, the more profitable shall be our inter-empire trade, the greater the volume of commodities which shall pass from one country to the other, the more certain it is that Canada as well as the other dominions of the empire will be the better able to reach out into other markets and there secure the further advantages required to put this country into that position in w'orld commerce which it is the aim of this government to secure.

Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
It is not my purpose to deride the efforts of past Canadian governments to secure that scheme of empire trade which, with all humility, I may claim we have helped to bring about. Nor, at this time, do I wish to point the moral and suggest that the policies of this government, those which throughout the long years the party it represents has so unswervingly supported, must inevitably be the only policies on which a mutually beneficial plan of empire trade could be developed. I rather choose, at this anxious time in our country's history, to return thanks that the peoples of the empire, conscious of the benefits which must flow from closer economic association, were able, through selfdenial and patience and a capacity to see the other's point of view, to inaugurate an imperial tariff policy from which every one of them must obtain real and lasting advantage.
I ask my honourable friends on the other side of the house to accept these agreements in that spirit. I ask them before they prejudice the success of them by criticism induced by the consciousness that we have done what they failed to do, to remember that these agreements are for the good of Canada, for the good of the empire, and that these considerations at this time particularly should transcend the interest of party. I do not ask them to defend their failures of the past I do not even wish to put them in issue.
In addressing the house on April 26 last I placed on Hansard extracts from the memorandum submitted by Sir Wilfrid Laurier to the British government at the Colonial conference of 1902. It was at that time you will recall, that Sir Wilfrid Laurier, ceasing to agree with his delegate colleagues, took a very definite stand with respect to imperial preference. Let me requote from the memorandum this paragraph so apposite to the discussions on this subject today:
The Canadian ministers stated that if they could be assured that the Imperial government would accept the principle of preferential trade generally, and particularly grant to the food products of Canada in the United Kingdom exemption from duties now levied, or hereafter imposed, they,, the Canadian ministers, would be prepared to go further into the subject and endeavour to give to the British manufacturer some increased advantage over his foreign competitors in the markets of Canada.
I now only ask, and I sincerely hope that the parliament of Canada, now seeing accomplished the task which was attempted by that distinguished leader of the party which now sits to the left of the Speaker, can with one voice, approve the agreements which nothing
but mutual trust and confidence, mutual hope and the common appreciation of the fundamental principles on which empire business should be conducted, could have brought about.
Canada will carry out her part under these agreements in the spirit in which they were made, and no good Canadian will dare tc suggest that any empire country will be be. hind us in a recognition of those obligations not evidenced necessarily by the written word, but of the very warp and woof of the arrangements we have so painstakingly concluded.
It is not my intention at the present time exhaustively to analyse the agreements made by this government. I shall, however, indicate the basic principles contained in them and outline the advantages we have secured for the concessions granted, keeping you mindful of the fact that this government, on its own behalf, claims nothing more than that Canada's 'best interests have been maintained by the agreements I have tabled, and an equitable balance of benefits between agriculture and industry, so essential to the welfare of this country has been secured.
The agreement with the United Kingdom is naturally the agreement of primary importance to us. We have given to the mother country increased advantages which are set out in detail in the tariff resolutions to be submitted to the house by the Minister of Finance.



SUMMARY OF PROPOSALS AS TO CHANGES IN CUSTOMS TARIFF OF CANADA

[Stage Direction]
The resolution to be introduced embodies a schedule comprising 262 tariff items which have been amended in rates or wording, or both. This schedule, since tariff items run necessarily in numerical sequence, covers not only the concessions granted by Canada to the United Kingdom but also those arising cut of the negotiations with various other units of the British commonwealth.
Of the total of 262 above referred to, some 37 are existing items in which the amendments are purely technical in character-mere changes in wording necessitated by the insertion of the new items resulting from the-conference. This means, therefore, that there will be introduced to the house 225 substantive tariff items which actually alter our existing tariff schedules; and on 223 of these the British preference is materially increased. Nor is this increased preference granted in any piecemeal fashion; although by far the greater
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number of the concessions concern, for the present at least, only the United Kingdom, the preferences afforded to the mother country are extended, without reservation, to the various dominions and colonies.
The 223 items above mentioned as those on which the empire trading margin is widened may be classified as follows:
Items in which the result is secured by:
(a)	reduction of the British preferential rate only	
81(b)	increase in the intermediate or general rate, or both	
89(c)	reduction in the British preferential rate accompanied by increases in the intermediate or general rate,or both	
49(d)	reduction in all rates	
2(e)	increase in all rates	
1(f)	reduction in British preferentialand intermediate rates	
1
As the tabulated items will appear in Votes and Proceedings, they will bear ratings in two parallel columns-"Proposed" and "Present". An analysis of the latter column will reveal 81 items free of duty under the British preferential tariff; a count of the "Proposed" column will show 137 such free items.
Important as is each item in this schedule from the point of view of inter-empire and world trade, the mere arithmetical total thereof does not begin to reveal the significance of the proposed fiscal arrangement. In some cases one new item-such as, for instance, that covering chemicals and drugs of a kind not produced in Canada-embraces within its few words a field of trade and commerce that is almost illimitable, and that will grow in scope with the development of science and industry. Again, from various large group divisions of our tariff sets of key items have been selected for empire-treatment; often these key items may represent only one-tenth of the total number of any given commodity-group but may be responsible for nine-tenths of the imports within that group. Further, the items amended are very largely those which were earmarked by various of the imperial delegates as those in which they were peculiarly and especially interested and therefore may fairly be described as meeting, by and large, the desires of those other portions of the empire which came to Ottawa in search of wider avenues of trade.
Considering only the major groups which are comprised within the proposals now to be
[Mr. Bennett. 1
tabled, we may begin with that relating to iron and steel. The basic forms of these were the subject of unofficial industrial conversations at Montreal, just prior to the conference, between the producers of the United Kingdom and Canada; and the legislation now proposed will, it is believed, crystallize in tariff verbiage the spirit of those negotiations which were conducted in an atmosphere of hearty cooperation and good will. The first feature of these proposals is a very material widening of the preference on primary forms of great commercial importance, such as steel plate; black, galvanized and tinned sheets; boiler plate; and various kinds of strip and hoop steel. Duties under the British preferential tariff are removed entirely on poundage steel in bars, large bars for shafting; casement sections, rust and heat-resisting steels, silicon sheets for electrical use, cooperage steel, tramway rails, heavy structural shapes and sections, centre and side sills for steel cars, hollow forgings, power equipment for dairying purposes, automobile engines of heavy rating, telephone and radio apparatus and special-type storage batteries. On steel tires, railway axles, wire products, steel chains, certain machinery, cutlery and small tools, the preferential margin is widened. Automobiles, motor trucks and motorcycles are embraced in the iron and steel schedule and these are made free of duty under the British preferential tariff.

[Stage Direction]
Cottons:
In so far as the British preferential tariff is concerned, the specific duties on cotton goods -from yarns to clothing-are reduced by one-third on every item on which, at present, specific duties are operative, the sole exception being that covering cotton velveteens, on which the specific duty is removed entirely and the ad valorem duty reduced. Cotton fabrics composed of yarns of a certain fineness are made free of duty, as are typewriter ribbons and cotton bobinet. A wide preference is provided for on mercerized cotton yarns, with free entry under the British preferential tariff.
Woollens:
Under the British preferential tariff, the specific duties on woollen goods-from yarns to clothing-are reduced by one-quarter on every item on which, at present, specific duties are operative, the exceptions being those covering blankets and carpets, on which the specific duty is cut in half, and those

Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
relating to hair yarns, lustres and linings, gray fabrics four ounces or less in weight, and billiard cloth, all of which are made entirely free of duty.
Linen Textiles:
All linen fabric and articles made therefrom of the finer grades and weaves, such as are not made in Canada, are made free of all duty under the British preferential tariff, as are, also, certain jute fabrics.

[Stage Direction]
The leather schedules are revised, with resultant increased preference on such important lines as belting and sole leather, pig and morocco leathers, and all leather further finished than tanned. Kip lining leathers, reptile leathers and upholstery leathers are made free of duty under the British preferential tariff.

[Stage Direction]
Although difficult to describe in non technical language, no changes among all those proposed are more complete, more vital or more valuable in a trading sense than are those pertaining to chemicals and drugs. The Canadian schedule has been revised from end to end with one objective always in view: the shifting from foreign to empire channels of the great and growing business in these indispen9a'bles of domestic and industrial economy. The immediate diversion will be great; the potential, incalculable. As industry continues to turn more and more to research and the laboratory, and as science becomes more and more applied rather than pure or academic, so will the place and power of the chemical factor in our modern development continue to grow apace-and in that growth Canada and the empire stand ready to share, hand in hand. Inasmuch that industry stands to gain most directly from the development of the empire toward self-sufficiency in a chemical sense, it is believed that Canadian industry

as the largest consumer-will gladly accept the imposition of duties on certain chemicals at present free, in order that empire sources many of them in Canada, actual and potential-'may be exploited and developed for mankind.
[Stage Direction]
The British preference has been widened on every item of the flat glass schedule; on one item the British preferential rate has been reduced and on all others it has been removed entirely.

[Stage Direction]
An empire policy has been followed in respect of vegetable oils. Even in the subnormal trading of 1932, Canada imported of these close upon $7,000,000, of which more than $5,000,000 came from foreign sources. Duties have been imposed under the intermediate and general tariffs, in the hope that the preferences will divert at least a part of this enormous trade into empire channels.
Other commodities or commodity groups on which the British preference is materially increased include:
Cigarettes and manufactured tobaccos, Canned pineapples,
Perfumes and toilet accessories,
Books and advertising matter,
Gums and lacs,
Soap,
Glues and gelatines,
China and porcelain tableware,
Metal wire,
Aluminum and products thereof,
Linen thread,
Asphalt,
Gutta percha and balata,
Rubber boots and shoes,
Fertilizers,
Manufactures of fur,
Parts for motor trucks,
Certain crude oils, not natural.
Under this agreement, Canada has in addition declared that it will give the United Kingdom producers full opportunity of reasonable competition on the basis of the relative costs of economical and efficient production, provided that in the application of such principle, special consideration should be given to the case of industries not fully established. Pursuant to that undertaking, this government has increased the preferences in the manner I have just indicated, and has furthermore agreed to cause the tariff board, authorized by act of parliament at its last session to review, at the request of the government of the United Kingdom, any item in our tariff schedule which it is claimed is out of keeping with the principle adopted.
I shall make only a very few observations about the provisions in our treaty with the United Kingdom dealing with this feature of the agreement.
[Stage Direction]
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The general rule governing United Kingdom concessions to us is, that we have free entry, being on an equality basis with the United Kingdom producers except as to freight charges. The exceptions to this rule are very few.
The general rule governing our concessions to the United Kingdom, is that we maintain a tariff, though a preferential one, against their products. We have lowered our tariffs in respect of those articles in which they are specially equipped to supply our market and we have made substantial concessions by additions to the free list, while they, having in the United Kingdom the greater advantage in years, production and markets, and the like, were prepared to meet us on a free entry basis.
It was not to be expected that the industrial structure of this country could permit of free entry from such a highly developed state as Great Britain with her more than forty millions of people. But it was our purpose to adjust our preferential tariffs so as to place the United Kingdom producers on that basis of fair competition with ours that has been afforded to us by continued free entry into their markets.
We have therefore provided that our tariff board shall act as a judicial body as well as a fact-finding body in so far as their functions of interpreting the agreement are concerned. Upon representation of the British government, the duty will devolve upon our tariff board to make a survey of the relevant facts touching production, labour costs and the like in the industries affected in order that parliament shall have the facts necessary to enable it to see that the government of the day is carrying out in spirit and in letter our undertaking solemnly given to the United Kingdom government. It may be mentioned that it is possible under the terms of the treaty for the government to ignore the recommendation made. The government, of course, could not, without being guilty of a sharp departure in constitutional practice relating to tariff and other financial matters, abrogate its responsibility of recommending to parliament all decisions affecting our tariff structure. The report of the tariff commission is, however, tabled in parliament in order that the government may satisfy parliament and in fact the country as a whole that the decisions which the government makes under these provisions are in keeping with the spirit and letter

of the agreement. I think that the house may be well assured that this government which gave the undertaking in the agreement will see that it is carried out, and if I interpret aright the attitude of this country to the great imperial policy we are adopting, public opinion throughout Canada would demand that it be so carried out.
I believe that this principle of fair competition will always find favour with the Canadian people. It has never been the intention of this government so ito permanently adjust its tariffs as to give the Canadian manufacturer an improper advantage in competition with the importer. To do so would have worked an unforgivable hardship upon the consumer, whose welfare is after all, the surest criterion of our prosperity.
Two years ago this country enacted measures to meet abnormal world conditions. It then became manifest that all earlier attempts at world reconstruction following the war, had failed. In 1920 it was thought that the world's producing capacity was sufficient to refill those warehouses of supplies emptied by the war. Then after a few years currencies were again linked with gold, and the world had, with a few exceptions, a single medium for concluding contracts and conducting trade, and it was assumed that we were once more on the tried and certain path of recovery. By 1925 the real evidences of recovery were supposed to have appeared. The world's standard of living was then higher than in 1913, and in 1929, after a full postwar decade had passed, the world as a whole was well ahead of all earlier standards and seemed to be advancing to unheard of levels of prosperity. Then the great disillusionment came, and we were called upon to face the reverse activity of that false inflationary world movement which culminated in the collapse of markets. Special measures which we then took to protect the financial integrity of this country against the wholesale dumping of goods at distressed prices by foreign industrial concerns facing or going into bankruptcy, will be maintained so long only as world conditions justify their existence. The economic situation having since then slightly improved, our industries have had an opportunity to readjust themselves to new conditions, have become more firmly established and are in a better position now to meet competition from abroad. Having regard to the advantages which we have

Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
secured through the concessions we have given, I am confident that Canadian manufacturers who realize that their welfare is inseparable from the welfare of this country, will gladly accept the readjustments to be made, and under them as we return to better times, will enjoy that measure of prosperity which in this country is attendant upon their efficiency, resourcefulness and good management.
For the concessions granted, Canada has secured concessions in the United Kingdom market for both its manufactured and natural products.
For its manufactured products, we have secured free entry except in respect of a very limited list of goods, and the advantages of current tariffs against foreign countries. This means that whereas in the Canadian market, the United Kingdom manufacturer must still compete with the Canadian manufacturer protected in respect to the great majority of our products, in the United Kingdom market, the Canadian manufacturer may compete on equal terms with the British manufacturer, except in respect to the small list of articles I have mentioned, and will enjoy alike with him whatever protection is given the United Kingdom producer against foreign countries. And I submit, sir, there are very few within sound of my voice who, merely hearing these words, have any adequate appreciation of their implication.
It is elementary that the price to the consumer of Canadian products will be reduced in direct ratio to the cost of production. It is equally elementary that the cost of production will be reduced in direct ratio to the volume of production, and it is self-evident that the volume of production depends on the volume of consumption. Consequently, when the Canadian producer is assured not only of fair competition with the United Kingdom producer in the home market, having regard to the relative cost of production, but furthermore is assured of free competition in the United Kingdom market with the United Kingdom manufacturer, behind a tariff wall by which both profit without distinction, the consumption of Canadian products must be increased. The cost of production must, therefore, decrease and the cost to the consumer be proportionately lessened. In other words, when there is open to the Canadian manufacturer not only the home market of
ten million people, but the United Kingdom market of over forty million people, it is manifest that Canadian industry must profit, and will develop by sure and progressive stages to the point where it will be able to compete on equal terms with all the countries of the earth.
Thus, it may be fairly said that by an adjustment in our tariffs we have secured preferences in the market of the United Kingdom which promise great advantage to Canadian industry. I shall illustrate the substantial character of the preferences secured by enumerating a number of important articles of Canadian manufacture, indicating the margins of preference that will operate in cur favour as a result of the free entry provision contained in article 1 of the agreement and by reference to the marked change which six months under these preferences have made in many of pur export products.
I shall ask the house to observe that when the Import Duties Act was passed in the United Kingdom on March 1, 1932, the British parliament provided by section 4 of that act as follow's:
4. (1) This section shall apply to the following countries, that is to say, the dominions within the meaning of the Statute of Westminster, 1931. India and Southern Rhodesia, and any territories in respect of which a mandate of the League of Nations is being exercised by, or which are administered under the authority of, the government of any such dominion as aforesaid.
(2)	In the case of goods which are shown to the satisfaction of the commissioners-
That is, the Commissioners of Customs and Excise
-to have been consigned from any part of the British Empire and growrn, produced or manufactured in any country to which this section applies, neither the general ad valorem duty nor any additional duty shall be chargeable until the fifteenth day of November, nineteen hundred and thirty-two, or if a later date is fixed for the purposes of this section by resolution of the commons house of parliament either generally or as respects any particular country, then, in cases to which the resolution applies, until that later date.
(3)	At any time after the first day of November, nineteen hundred and thirty-two, the treasury may, on the recommendation of the Secretary of State, by order direct as respects goods of any class or description specified in the order, being goods which are shown to the satisfaction of the commissioners to have been consigned from any part of the British Empire and grown, produced or manu-
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factured in aiiy country specified in the order, being a country to which this section applies, that as from such date as may be specified in the order, not being earlier than the said fifteenth day of November, or, if any later day is fixed as aforesaid, not being earlier than that date, the general ad valorem duty or any additional duty or both such duties shall not be chargeable or shall be chargeable only at some specified rate less than the full rate, and where any such order is made, the provisions of this act shall have effect accordingly.
During the last session of parliament attention was riveted upon that provision by the leader of the opposition (Mr. Mackenzie King), and it will be within the memory of this house that he brought to our attention this fact, that on the 15th day of November the preferences we enjoy7 in the British market would lapse unless some action were taken. When I point out that with only a few exceptions that preference applies to all goods exported from a British dominion to the United Kingdom the character, the scope, the magnitude of that preference can be understood. What we have succeeded in doing is embodied in article 1 of the agreement between the United Kingdom and Canada which I have laid on the table, to which article I now direct attention. Article 1 provides as follows:
His Majesty's government in the United Kingdom undertake that orders shall be made in accordance with the provisions of section 4 of the Import Duties Act, 1932, which will ensure the continuance after the 15th November, 1932, of entry free of duty into the United Kingdom of goods consigned from any part of the British Empire and grown, produced or manufactured in Canada which by virtue of that act are now free of duty subject, however, to the reservations set forth in schedule A appended hereto.
I wonder if the true significance of that is understood, I wonder if the magnitude of that concession is appreciated. After the 15th day of November, while other countries pay tolls and duties in order that their goods may find a market in the United Kingdom, the goods
of this dominion find access to that market free of duty of any kind.
The free entry therefore provided for in our favour by the Import Duties Act until the 15th day of November of this year only, has now been guaranteed to us during the currency of the agreement by reason of article 1 thereof.
The range of Canadian goods accorded tariff preference in the United Kingdom, in consequence of article 1 of our agreement with the United Kingdom, is practically unlimited. Under the Import Duties Act, passed on February 29, 1932, the United Kingdom extended its former limited tariff so as to impose duties on nearly all foreign goods. The measure temporarily exempted empire products. Article 1 of our agreement guarantees the continuance of this exemption to Canadian goods during the life of the agreement.
The general rate imposed against foreign goods by the Import Duties Act was 10 per cent ad valorem, but by means of power taken in the act to increase duties, this rate has been increased on many commodities to 15 per cent, 20 per cent, 25 per cent, 30 per cent or 33,' per cent ad valorem. Preferences under article 1 therefore range from 10 per cent to 33^ per cent ad valorem.
I shall in a moment deal in more detail with the benefits to be derived from our preferences in the United Kingdom under the existing tariff as modified by the conference agreements. I shall touch only on goods likely to be of most interest to Canada.
In respect of manufactured goods, free entry secured to Canada by article 1 of the agreement will mean that we shall now enjoy the following preferences: Not ten per cent, but the larger margins represented by the tariffs which Great Britain has imposed against imports from foreign countries, while goods from this country enter free. The preferences are as follows:
Commodity	Preferential Hate	General Tariff
Kraft and imitation kraft, machine-glazed paper (other than bleached white poster); grease proof paper; certain glazed paper; all when weighing from 7 to 90 lbs. to the ream of 480 sheets of double crown 30" x 20"			25 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 15 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val.
Paper and board (other than newsprint) weighing up to 90 lbs. per ream of 480 sheets double crown, 30" x 20"	
Foregoing, when of heavier class	Free	Articles of which paper or board comprises 50 p.c. or more of the value (not including printed books, newspapers or music)	
Aluminum bars	Free	Aluminum manufactures	Brass manufactures	Copper manufactures	Free	
[Mr. Bennett.1

Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
Commodity	Preferential Rate	General Tariff
	Free	20 p.c. ad val.
	Free	20 p.c. ad val.
	Free	20 p.c. ad val.
	Free	20 p.c. ad val.
	Free	20 p.c. ad val.
	Free	20 p.c. ad val.
Forks, shovels, spades, scythes, sickles, and farm implements and	Free	IS p.c. ad val.
	Free	20 p.c. ad val.
Reapers, binders, threshers, ploughs, planters, seeders, farm trac-	Free	15 p.c. ad val.Other machinery and parts except ball bearings and roller bearings	Free Free	20 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.and 2s. gross 20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Insulated wires and cables, telegraph, telephone, and wireless	Free	20 p.c. ad val.20 p.c. ad val.20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	Is. per lb.Free	(key industry Duty) 33| p.c. ad val.Free	(key industry Duty) 331 P.c. ad val.Free	(key industry Duty) 20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.*22 2/9 p.c. ad val.	*33} p.c. ad val.*22 2/9 p.c. ad val.	*33} p.c. ad val.Free	20 p.c. ad val.Free	f50 p.c. ad val.Free	t50 p.c. ad val.
Leather, Furs, Rubber, Textiles
Leather dressed, other than patent, varnished, etc	
Patent leather	
Saddlery and harness	
Trunks, bags, wallets	
Boots and shoes of leather	
Gloves of leather	
Machinery belting (including conveyor and elevator bands)....
Furs and otheT skins (dressed)	
Goods made wholly or partly of fur-skin including any skin with
fur, hair, or wool attached	
Rubber tires and tubes for motor cars	
Rubber boots, shoes, heels and soles	
Rubber hose	
Rubber balls (toys)	
Rubber belting	
Rubber gloves and clothing	
Rubber rods and sheets	
Rubber mats and matting	
Hosiery and underwear	
Gloves	
Corsets and brassieres	
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
J22 2/9 p.c. ad val. Free Free Free Free Free Free Free
See following items on clothing Ditto Ditto
15 p.c. ad val.
10 p.c. ad val.
20 p.c. ad val.
25 p.c. ad val.
20 p.c. ad val.
30 p.c. ad val.
15 p.c. ad val.
15 p.c. ad val.
30 p.c. ad val.
J33$ p.c. ad val.
20 p.c. ad val.
10 p.c. ad val.
25 p.c. ad val.
15 p.c. ad val.
20 p.c. ad val.
10 p.c. ad val.
20 p.c. ad val.
See following items on clothing Ditto Ditto
*McKenna duties. tKey industry duty.
^Imposed to complete McKenna Duties.
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Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
Leather, Furs, Rubber, Textiles-Cone.
Commodity	Preferential Rate	General TariffClothing containing i.i value more than 20 p.c. of silk or both silk and artificial silk*	Five-sixths of general tariff Five-sixths of general tariff One-half general ad val. rate or, if higher, five-sixths of specific rate.	43$ p.c. or if higher 12s. lb. 20 p.c. ad val. or if higher 4s. per lb. 20 p.c. ad val. or if higher 9d. per lb. 20 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 15 p.c. ad val. 15 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val.Clothing containing in value 5 p.c.-20 p.c. of silk or both silk and	Clothing containing in value not more than 5 p.c. of silk or both	
Blankets, shawls, coverlets and travelling rugs			
		
		
Binder twine			
Other cordage and rope of fibre			
	Free	
		
Chemicals
		10 p.c. ad val. t33-3 p.c. (pure) 10 p.c. (other) t33-3 p.c. (pure) 10 p.c. (other) *33-3 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 33-3 p.c. ad val. 33-3 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c.lad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val.
Cobalt oxide			
		
		
Talc			
		
		
		
Citric acid			
		
		
		
Phosphorus			
	Free	
		
Miscellaneous Goods
Musical instruments	
Cinematograph films, on basis of a width of one and three-eights inches-
Blanks	
Positives	
Negatives	
Toilet soaps	
Other soaps including abrasive soaps	
Tooth paste and powder	
Medicinal preparations	
Alcoholic spirits (tested)	
Athletic goods	
Brushes and brooms of all kinds
Candles	
Fountain pens	
Toys and games	
Plaster of Paris	
J22-2 p.c. ad val.
J2s. 9d. ft.
J2s. 3d. ft.
J3J d. ft.
Free Free Free ** Free 72s. lOd.
75s. 8d.
(proof gallon Old tariff) Free Free Free Free Free Free
133-3 p.c. ad val.
tls. 3d. ft.
{Id. ft.
J5d. ft.
30 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 30 p.c. ad val. ''*10 p.c. ad val. 75s. 4d.
78s. 5d.
(proof gallon Old tariff) 25 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 25 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val.
Other Goods
Note.-Nearly all other goods with the exception of a limited list admitted free from all countries are 10 p.c. to 33| p.e. ad valorem in the general tariff column and exempt from duty in the preferential column.
*If containing artificial silk (but not silk) the alternative specific rates of the general tariff are 5s., Is. 8d., and 4d. respectively.
f Key Industry Duty.
JMcKenna duties.
"Tariff status may be affected by certain dutiable ingredients.
[Stage Direction]
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
These preferences have already had a stimulating effect, particularly noticeable in the case of cereal foods, wooden ware, paper boards of various kinds, wrapping paper, wall boards rubber footwear, rubber heels and soles, socks and stockings, patent leather, toilet preparations, soaps, photographic films, office furniture, hardware, brass valves, radio parts, typewriters, agricultural implements and machines, electrical household appliances, and a variety of manufactured specialities, heretofore mainly supplied from foreign countries.
In other words, the direct effect already upon the trade of this country has been to increase very largely the volume of our exports in the commodities I have indicated into the markets of Great Britain.
Figures of Canadian exports to the United Kingdom in July and August of this year, show considerable increases over the figures for the same months in the previous year in nearly all branches of trade.
Iron products-The value of Canadian exports to the United Kingdom in the first five months of the present fiscal year were $2,481,968 compared with $1,570,244 in the same period in 1931, an increase of 58 per cent.
Further examination of trade returns reveals striking increases in certain items.
Exports to the United Kingdom from Canada of typewriters increased from $11,259 in five months, April to August 1931, to $400,468 in the same period of this year.
Similar exports to the United Kingdom of paper beards, n.o.p. rose from $182,429 to $324,816.
Medicinal preparations from $65,663 to $237,855.
All electrical appliances from $88,433 to $195,968.
Socks and stockings from $18,964 to $73,259.
Although the total imports of the United Kingdom during the first six months of this year decreased by £58,000,000, as compared with the same period in 1931, the imports from British empire countries show a net increase of nearly £4,000,000. While Canada's contribution rose from £13,200,000 to £17,300,000, the imports from the United States dropped from £51.500,000 to £43,250,000.
Taking a few items at random:
Imports of Canadian wrapping paper into the United Kingdom increased from 11,007 cwt. in the first months of 1931 to 31,385 cwt. in the same period of this year.
Imports of Canadian patent leather increased from 2,884 cwt. to 3,580 cwt., while those from the United States in the same periods decreased from 7,972 to 3,603 cwt.
These figures should be all the more impressive when we take into account the invariable practice of countries to forestall tariff increases by importing heavily prior to the imposition of the new rates. It is certain that when complete trade figures for the present year are available, they will reveal a still more substantial diversion of the United Kingdom trade from foreign to empire countries.
The house will not fail to observe that Canada, more than any other part of the empire, will benefit by the preference secured in respect to manufactured goods. Canada is the only part of the British Empire with factories equipped to manufacture for export to the United Kingdom many of the manufactured articles heretofore supplied to that market by foreign countries.
The possibilities of increased activities in Canadian factories and transportation routes with corresponding decrease in unemployment, as a result of these preferences, is unlimited. We should not fail to note the additional advantage of transferring to Canada the industries formerly carried on in these other countries which now have the advantage of United Kingdom trade.
Before I leave the subject of manufactured goods, I would also invite the house to consider that by article 8 of the United Kingdom agreement, Canada is assured of the benefit of the over-growing preferences which are being adopted in the colonial empire. I do not think I shall take time to do more than direct attention to the preferences. I shall not read them, although they might be well worth reading. Perhaps at this point I may read the article hurriedly, so that it may be incorporated in Hansard as part of my remarks:
Article 8. His Majesty's government in thu United Kingdom will invite the governments of the non-self-governing colonies and protectorates to accord to Canada any preference which may for the time being be accorded to any other part of the British Empire, provided that this clause shall not extend to any preferences accorded by Northern Rhodesia to the Union of South Africa, Southern Rhodesia and the territories of the South African High Commission by virtue of the Customs Agreement of 1930; and further will invite the governments of the colonies and protectorates shown in schedule D to accord to Canada new or additional preferences on the commodities and at the rates shown therein.
It will readily be observed that not only does this dominion benefit in the markets of the United Kingdom, but in the vast colonial empire, with its possibilities which no man can foresee, on terms similar to those of the United Kingdom itself. This article, it will be noted, also stipulates that the United Kingdom will seek to enlarge the range of preferences in the colonies on a list of
120	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
articles of special importance to Canada, such as rubber footwear, motor cars and parts, socks and stockings, electrical appliances and apparatus, hardware, furniture, lumber, and some food products. This clause in the trade agreement should be of increasing value to our manufacturers since it assures to them the benefit of empire preferences throughout the colonial empire. When consideration is given to the possibilities for development inherent to the natural resources of the colonies and protectorates it can be realized that Canadian manufacturers are granted tariff benefits in an expanding market of great possibilities.
For many of our natural products, we have 4 secured preferences which, with industry on our part and capable marketing, will undoubtedly give us a substantial place in the markets of the United Kingdom. These preferences practically cover the entire range of our natural products. Had it been practical to do so, this government would naturally have desired to have even wider preferences extended to our whole list. It would be unprofitable to expect, however, that preferences can be made effective without making trade advantages reciprocal. Those who would seek to obtain advantages in empire markets for our products, without giving corresponding advantages to empire countries in ours, are seeking to imperil the effective operation of the whole empire tariff plan and to destroy utterly the basis of mutual advantage, upon which alone these agreements can be made to operate most effectively.
For we must commonly agree that there can be no continued sale without purchase; that if we exipect to market our goods in the United Kingdom, we must expect to purchase goods from the United Kingdom. I have said before that by a scheme of mutually advantageous agreements, based on the principle of tariff preferences, new and greater channels of trade between the parties to the agreements will be established, and new and greater channels of trade will, as a result of these agreements, be established between the United Kingdom and Canada. It is unprofitable at the present time to tally u.p the potential sales against the potential purchases. The practical object then is to ensure both increased sales and purchases.
We in turn have secured great advantages in the markets of the United Kingdom. How great these advantages are will be more apparent when our producers of natural products shall have organized for the great market which is awaiting them. And it shall be the privilege and duty of this government to assist by all proper means our producers so that without delay they may equip themselves to take advantage of this unprecedented opportunity.
Nor are the advantages we have secured confined to the United Kingdom agreement. In respect to certain natural commodities, the increased export of which perhaps means more to some of the other dominions than it does to Canada, preferences have been given those other dominions which are not specifically contained within the terms of our own agreement. But with those other dominions we equally enjoy the advantages of them.
I shall enumerate the preferences secured for our natural products, with such brief comments upon the value and character of them as at this juncture may seem appropriate.
Timber Products:
In respect to timber products the present tariff of the United Kingdom affords to Canada the following preferences:
Commodity	Preferential Rate	General Tariff
Planks, deals, boards, scantlings, battens, strips, laths, tongued and grooved flooring, planed or dressed wood, sleepers, staves, plywood, veneers		Free	
Builders' woodwork, including window frames, doors, gates and parts; shingles		Free	
Tops, bottoms and sides of boxes, in appropriate numbers to make complete boxes		Free	
Unspecified manufactures of wood and timber	Free	**20 p.c. ad val.Lumber for shipbuilding or repairs, consigned to shipyards; pit props, logs of pine, spruce or aspen up to 50 inches long and 12 inches diameter at top	Free	Free
"Schedule C: Timber now dutiable imported in substantial quantities from Canada not to be reduced below 10 p.c. ad valorem.
[Stage Direction]
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
By article 1 of the agreement, we are ensured continued free entry, and by article 3 a minimum margin of 10 per cent is guaranteed in respect of timber of all kinds imported into the United Kingdom in substantial quantities from Canada in so far as it is now dutiable.
In other words two ships, one from a foreign country and the other from Canada, enter a harbour laden with timber. Before the foreign ship may tie up to the quay side and discharge her cargo of timber, a minimum of
S10,000	must be paid. The Canadian ship may come to the quay side and unload her cargo without any such payment.
The United Kingdom imports annually about 3,800 million board feet of sawn lumber. Of this amount Canada could supply 3,000 million feet of softwood and about 170 million feet of hardwood. The industry, therefore, may well look forward to this agreement and subsequent developments from it to open this market for a greatly increased proportion of its products.
In dealing with lumber it is worth mentioning that the value of all ad valorem preferences in the United Kingdom is enhanced in consequence of the United Kingdom duty being levied on the cost insurance freight valuation of imports.
Under the Import Duties Act, our advantage over the United States in competing in the United Kingdom market is already evident by the exports of the first half of this year. Consider these comparative figures:
United Kingdom imports of sawn softwood lumber for first six months, 1931 and 1932:
Quantity	Value
1M ft. B.M.	f
1931	1932	1931	1932
Canada	 29.469 49,591 218.625 372,497
United States 171,836 46,586 642,104 492,140
Per cent
Canadian increase	 68
United States decrease	 73
That, I believe, is the direct result of the application of these preferences.
On the Pacific coast, for the first time in many years, British Columbia exports of lumber to the United Kingdom have exceeded those of Washington and Oregon combined:
1M ft. B.M.
First six months-[DOT]	1931	1932British Columbia	
37,251	49,805
Washington and Oregon.. 55,435 25,064
As article 21 of the agreement, which becomes important, controls imfair competition, it is not unreasonable to expect that with the operation of that section the prices of commodities coming from Baltic countries again will be put upon the basis of supply and demand. That article reads as follows:
This agreement is made on the express condition that, if either government is satisfied that any preferences hereby granted in respect of any particular class of commodities are likely to be frustrated in whole or in part by reason of the creation or maintenance directly or indirectly of prices for such class of commodities through state action on the part of any foreign country, that government hereby declares that it will exercise the powers which it now has or will hereafter take to prohibit the entry from such foreign country directly or indirectly of such commodities into its country for such time as may be necessary to make effective and to maintain the preferences hereby granted by it.
Under normal conditions Canada exports annually about 1,S00 million board feet of lumber valued at 850,000,000, of which 1,445 million feet, valued at $39,000,000 has been going to the United States and 186 million feet valued at 86,474,000 to the United Kingdom. The recent United States import tax of 83 per 1,000 board feet has practically closed that market to Canada. New markets are essential. This applies especially to lower and common grades, which comprise from 60 per cent to 70 per cent of the lumber sawn.
The orient provides a market for some of the lower grades of British Columbia lumber, but for the eastern provinces and a large part of the British Columbia output, the United Kingdom presents the only market capable of absorbing a sufficient amount to enable the mills to continue the manufacture of the higher grades for which there is a demand. I think the house will agree that this provision will ensure a stability of market to Canadian producers of lumber which certainly they have not enjoyed hitherto.
Fish products:
As a result of the conference agreements, Canada will now enjoy the following preferential rates in respect of fish products:
122	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
Commodity	Preferential Rate	General Tariff
		[DOT]10 p.c. ad val.
		*10 p.c. ad val.
		*10 p.c. ad val.
		10 p.c. ad val.
		lid. per lb. 30 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val.
		
	Free	
		30 p.c. ad val. Is. 4d. gal.
	Free	
	Free	10 p.c. ad val.
		
Stabilized in schedule C.
Under our treaty, free entry with 10 per cent preference is secured to us on fresh sea fish, canned salmon and other canned fish while Newfoundland has been given Is. 4d. per gallon on cod liver oil and lid. per pound on chilled and frozen salmon. The Newfoundland salmon preference, which Canada will also enjoy, will be of distinctive benefit.
The salmon preference will prove a distinct stimulation to Canadian trade in this commodity on both coasts of Canada.
In 1930, the United Kingdom imported 126,231 cwts. frozen salmon, valued at £761,923. Of this, 34,867 cwts. were from Canada; 29,353 cwts. from Newfoundland; 27,448 cwts. from the United States; 17,144 cwts. from the Irish Free State, and the remainder from Japan and Norway. From these figures it will be seen that one-third of the salmon imports came from non-empire countries.
With the preferences I have indicated the enterprise and courage of our people will ensure a substantial part of that market to Canada. On the Pacific coast, the market for frozen salmon product should be increased substantially.
It should be remembered that Canada has to market abroad approximately 70 per cent value and 80 per cent tonnage of fish in fresh, frozen, smoked, salted, dried or canned jondition. The United States high tariff makes wider markets elsewhere imperative.
Already the 10 per cent preference is proving advantageous in respect of all canned lobster in competition with foreign canned crab, which I shall show by the following figures:
Exports-Canada to the United Kingdom
This year to 1930 end of July cwts.	cwts.
Canned Lobster	 17,648	19,375
We have a large production of canned sardines on the Atlantic coast produced from young herring, although technically, I believe, in consequence of a decision of the court of appeal in England, they are not called sardines. These are of high quality, but in the past a market has not been found for them in the United Kingdom. We find, however, that in this year up to the end of July, in consequence of the preference, 1,045 cwts. were already exported.
It seems probable that the 10 per cent preference will enable us to take a substantial portion of the United Kingdom business in this canned fish in which the United Kingdom for the year 1930 imported a total of 188,000 cwts.

[Stage Direction]
Nearly every manufacturing industry uses minerals or products made from minerals at some stage in the factory process. In the United Kingdom, with its enormous manufacturing establishments, no less than forty-eight mineral products have to be imported from outside sources.
Canada, rich in mineral resources, has a surplus available for export of at least twenty-eight products. The United Kingdom is a potential market for all mineral products of which we have a surplus for export, excepting lignite coal.
The most important metal products we have for export are copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt and certain minor metals, especially bismuth and cadmium.
Our proposed trade agreement with the United Kingdom provides special preferences for three principle metals-copper, lead and tine.
[Stage Direction]
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
Following are the preferences on a few of the leading minerals in which Canada is
interested:-
Commodity	Preferential Rate	General Tariff
Copper, unwrought, refined, or not, in ingots, bars, blocks, slabs, cakes and rods			*2d. per lb. "10 p.c. ad val. 15 p.c. ad val. "10 p.c. ad val. "10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val.
Asbestos			
		
Zinc		Free Free	
Lead			
Cobalt alloys			
Bismuth			
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	Free	
		
The Import Duties Act at the present time makes free to all countries metallic ores, concentrates, and residues; scrap metals; gold and silver bullion and coin; platinum in grain, ingot, bar or powder; iron pyrites.
'Stabilized in Schedule B.	"Stabilized in Schedule C.
Capper: Our total copper production in 1930 reached its maximum of 151,739 tons; in 1931, 146,577 tons, This year's production is less.
Until recent years no refining was done in Canada. In 1930, 36,432 tons refined copper were produced here. In 1931 this increased to 95,342 tons. There is a present installed refining capacity of 185,000 tons, and this could readily be expanded should circumstances warrant.
Until recently our surplus production of copper was sold almost entirely in the United States, the only market available to copper mines of British Columbia and eastern Quebec. The recent United States tariff of 4 cents per pound closed this market. Our preference of 2d. per pound assures Canadian producers access to the third largest market in the world for unwrought products.
Lead: Allowing for home production capacity, the United Kingdom offers a market to the empire fcr nearly 290,000 short tons of piglead. The average British imports for the 5 year period ending 1930, were 317,650 short tons of piglead annually, in addition to 13,730 tons of lead in manufactured products imported. In recent years about one-third of the imports of lead into the United Kingdom were of foreign origin, nearly all from the United States; about two-thirds was of empire origin, Australia contributing at least half of this. Canada contributing about 49,900 short tons, or 15 per cent of the total.
Lead produced from Canadian ores, refined at home or abroad totals 166,447 tons in 1930; 133,670 tons in 1931. Nearly all Canadian production is refined in Canada. Canada's installed plants for producing lead have a capacity of about 170,000 tons. The Canadian home consumption of lead, including that required for brasses and print pigments, is normally 45,000 tons. If plants operated to capacity, there would be a surplus for export of about 125,000 tons. In 1927 experts were 119,705 tons; 1931, 108,213 tons. Canada's lead production hitherto sold in all the principal markets of the world except the United States, which imposes a tariff of 2-125 cents per pound.
I am sure, Mr. Speaker, that the house must realize the value of a stabilized market for Canadian lead and copper where the preference is at the rate I have indicated.
Zinc. The total production of zinc in Canada is gradually increasing-1930 reaching a maximum of 133,S22 tons; 1931 declining to 118,623 tons, and this year less still, owing to market conditions.
The installed capacity of our refineries has been gradually increased as market conditions warranted, and we now have two plants capable of producing 169,400 tons of refined zinc annually.
Canada's home requirements of zinc metal, under normal conditions, are about 24,000 tons
per annum, including metal used in brasses,
124	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
bronzes and zinc white pigments. If our normal requirements were supplied from Canadian sources there would still be a surplus of over 145,000 tons for export, if the refining plants operated to capacity.
The average imports of zinc into the United Kingdom in primary forms during the five year period ending 1930 was 157,500 tons. In addition there were imports of 25,500 tons of manufactured zinc products. About 56 per cent of these imports came from nonBritish countries, chiefly Germany, Belgium and the United States, and the balance from British countries; Canada supplying two-thirds of this, and Australia slightly more than, and Rhodesia less than, half the remaining.
The retention of the British preference of 10 per cent will assure empire countries of a market capable of absorbing a very large proportion of the surplus production.
We also have certain other minerals such as mica, talc, graphite, and feldqpar, in which
a trade is possible, provided that our producers can meet the market conditions of the United Kingdom. Electro-furnace products made from minerals such as ferro-silicon, ferromanganese and calcium carbide are in demand in Great Britain although only a small trade has as yet been developed. Other mineral products that may become of importance in our export trade to the United Kingdom are calcined and dead burned magnesite granites and marbles.
I mention these because they indicate that, with respect to our great undeveloped mineral fields, we have been afforded by this agreement an opportunity for development and expansion which is limited only by the capacity of our people to exploit the great natural resources which Providence has given us.
I turn now to-
Agricultural Products. And ask the house to take note of these figures.
(a) Bacon and hams.
Cwts	Lbs.
Value
United Kingdom imports, 1931	
Canada's exports to United Kingdom, 1931.. .. Canada's total exports, 1931	
Canada's production, 1931	
Canada's maximum production	 Canada's maximum exports to United Kingdom,
11,968,978 or
Head
Est. 6,190,695 @ $12.50
1,340,525,536
10,961,700
12,775,200
240,729,586
£36,353.309 00 $ 1,493,363 00 $ 2,035,382 00
[Stage Direction]
Article 6 of the agreement is as follows:
His Majesty's government in the United Kingdom declare that it is their intention to arrange as soon as possible after receiving the report of the commission now sitting on the reorganization of the pig industry in the United Kingdom, for the quantitative regulation of the supplies of bacon and hams coming onto the United Kingdom market and undertake that in any legislation which they may submit to parliament for regulating the supplies of bacon and hams from all sources into the United Kingdom, provision will be made for free entry of Canadian bacon and hams of good quality up to a maximum of 2,500,000 cwt. per annum.
Under favourable marketing conditions and with a price maintained continuously above the cost of production, Canada has potential possibilities for the production of 8,500,000 hogs by 1937, permitting of an export volume of 300,000,000 pounds of bacon and 10,000,000 hogs by 1942, permitting of an export volume of 500,000,000 pounds of bacon and hams.
One of the matters that have constantly engaged the attention of government in this country has been the providing of a market for bacon and ham. In Great Britain the domestic producer has had his difficulties against foreign competition, and now in this

agreement it is provided that whatever benefits are obtained by the domestic producer in Great Britain shall also be part and parcel of the rights of the Canadian producer; and in the quota arrangement under consideration and soon I believe to be made-the commission has been sitting now for several months and the report, I understand, is practically complete-we shall have a quota of
2.500.000	cwt. per annum. I wonder if the farmers of this country have a proper appreciation of just what the value of that is.
The declaration in article 6 and the undertaking that in any legislation submitted to the United Kingdom parliament for regulating the supplies of bacon and ham from all sources into the United Kingdom, provision will be made for free entry of Canadian bacon and hams of good quality up to a maximum of
2.500.000	cwts. (280,000,000 lbs.) per annum,
is of vital importance to the Canadian swine industry.	.
The benefits under this article of the treaty will become manifest when:-
(1) Confidence is established among farmers through government policy to secure the necessary increase in production from year to

Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
year to make possible the objective in volume of product for export to the United Kingdom market;
(2) Organization of ithe packing industry in Canada is arranged so that each respective packing plant will assume responsibility for bacon exports in relation to its respective share of the kill from week to week and month to month.
Need I point out that here we have a stability for at least five years. The difficulty
heretofore has been that the producer of bacon and ham has had no certainty and business has been spasmodic with the results not being at all satisfactory. Here we have a value in stability, a value in the certainty of a market for a period of years; and I believe that there will be opened up a useful and profitable activity to Canadian farmers which has not heretofore been presented to them.
Coming now to cattle I shall first read some statistics of interest:
British imports of live cattle, 1931 (cal. year)	
Canada's exports to United Kingdom, 1931	
Canada's total exports, 1931-
Cattle	
Dressed beef in terms of cattle	
Calves'	
Canada's total exports under more normal conditions-
1927 Cattle	
Beef in terms of cattle	
Calves	
Maximum annual exports to United Kingdom since the embargo was partially removed in 1923-*
1925 Cattle	
Maximum exports to United Kingdom since 1874-
1906 Cattle	
Total Canadian marketings (through stock yards direct to packers and direct on export, less feeder cattle returned to county points from stock yards) -
1931 Cattle	-	
Calves	
1927 Cattle	
Calves	
No. 766,523 27,140	Value £12,615,945 $ 2,218,383
40,217 6,261 16,069	$ 3,348,748 435,186 268,256
216,209 94,570 79,065	$12,496,582 7,116.382 1,501,379
110,808	$11,796,383
163,994	$11,045,463
569,283 338,509 854.961 433.244	$22,771,320 3.406,581 847.022.555 6.931,904
I give these figures because it becomes important to understand just what is the potential market with respect to even live cattle since our exports to the United States have been practically prohibited under the Ford-ney-McCumber tariff and lately the Hawley-Smoot tariff.
Article 5 of the agreement is as follows:
His Majesty's government in the United Kingdom will invite parliament to pass the legislation necessary to modify the conditions at present governing the importation into the United Kingdom of live cattle from Canada on the lines already agreed upon in principle between themselves and His Majesty's government in Canada.
In 1906 Canada exported to the United Kingdom 163,994 cattle, being her maximum since 1874.
The restrictions, removal of which is provided by the agreement, have materially impeded the forwarding of Canadian cattle to Great Britain and have unduly increased costs in developing this trade. At the present time the only Canadian cattle eligible for licensing to interior markets and farms in Great Britain are store cattle-defined in the Importation of Animals Act of 1922 as "castrated male or spayed female bovine animal intended for further feeding purposes and not for immediate slaughter." All male and female cattle, as well as cattle shipped as "fats" may be landed only for immediate slaughter. To insure against cattle in finished condition being shipped as stores, the British port veterinarians are authorized to classify as near fats any cattle which in their judgment could not properly be termed "stores." Such cattle, if licensed to farms or feed lots, must be retained for at least twenty-eight days before being returned to market. The purpose of this has been to prevent, as far as possible, competition of Canadian finished cattle with home finished cattle on interior markets and it has had that effect.
In the agreement which has been arrived at, the parliament of the United Kingdom will be invited to amend the Importation of Animals Act of 1922 so as to provide for the admission to interior markets and other premises of all Canadian cattle shipped to Great Britain irrespective of conditions and sex, subject to regulations similar to those which at present apply to the movement to interior markets and other premises in the United Kingdom of Irish cattle of the same classes. The United Kingdom would, however, retain the right to require the slaughter at the port of entry of any male or female
126	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
animal considered by them to be below the desired standard for breeding purposes.
The agreement also provides for amendment of the Importation of Animals Act of 1922 to eliminate the requirement that a federal veterinarian accompany each shipment of store cattle, and to reduce to one clear day the present three day isolation period in Canada prior to shipment. In addition, the agreement provides for the amendment of the Canadian cattle (marking) order to do away with the present requirement that store cattle be branded on the cheek.
While Canada's surplus in cattle production is at present at the lowest level in twenty years, an export outlet is required, under normal conditions, for upwards of 200,000 cattle.
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930 practically closed the United States market. It is therefore of utmost importance to Canadian producers to have unrestricted access to the only alternative export outlet. When the new agreement becomes effective, Canadian cattle will be in a position to compete on their merits in the interior markets of Great Britain, and will be relieved of some of the overhead costs which have in the past made this trade a precarious one.
While this clause is of vital importance to Canada as a whole its benefits will be more quickly manifested in the stock growing areas in the interior of British Columbia, in southern Alberta and in southwestern Saskatchewan. The mixed farming areas of the prairie provinces, and the cattle finishing counties in western Ontario are the parts of the dominion in which an improved, outlet for beef cattle is of the most importance.
I shall next deal with (c) dairy products, giving figures which present similar possibilities of expanding markets:
(1) Concentrated Milks
(Condensed sweetened, evaporated unsweetened, dried whole milk and condensed coffee)
Cwts.	Lbs.
Value
United Kingdom imports, 1931	
[Stage Direction]
Canada's exports to United Kingdom, 1931..
Canada's total exports, 1931	
Canada's production, 1931	
Canada's maximum production, year 1920.. ..
Canada's maximum exports, year ended
March 31, 1920	
Canada's potential production	
2,798,840	313,470,080	f 4,336,835or (112 lbs.)	8,153,900	$ 623,51820,204,200	$ 2,098,02563,037,221	$ 5,512,05192,601,754	$16,355,834Lbs.	Value54,247,536	$ 8,517,7715 years hence 200,000,000 pounds.	
As the capacity of existing plants is about 200,000,000 pounds, any increase beyond this figure must be through new establishments, which would be provided to take care of the demand.
Under the United Kingdom tariff as modified by the conference agreements Canada, on sweetened condensed milk, will enjoy free entry (except for sugar duty) for three years certain, maintaining the preferential margin during the currency of the agreement as against as. per cwt., in addition to the preference in respect of sugar content. As to condensed milk, whole, not sweetened, under the Australian-New Zealand and South African agreements we have the benefit of 6s. per cwt. (112 lbs.) As to milk powder and other preserved milks not sweetened, under the New Zealand agreement we will enjoy a preferential margin of 6s. per cwt.
One non-Canadian manufacturer who has not a branch factory in Canada has contracted with a Canadian factory for the production in Canada of his requirements for the United Kingdom trade.
The producer receives a higher price for milk to produce concentrated milks than for milk used in the manufacture of butter or cheese, but the volume of the milk required for the manufacture of concentrated milks represents a smaller percentage of the selling value of the product than is the case with other dairy products. An expansion in the output of concentrated milks means a greater increase in employment not only in manufacturing the product itself, but also in producing packages, as cans and cases, labels, etc., than is the case with an expansion in the output of cheese and butter.
[Stage Direction]
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
agreement will be especially beneficial to the province of Ontario.
This feature of the (d) Creamery Butter.
United Kingdom imports, 1931	
Canada's exports to United Kingdom, 1931.. ..
Canada's total exports, 1931	
Canada's production, 1931, which was maximum
production year as well	
Canada's maximum exports, year ended June 30,
1903	
Canada's potential production-
5 years hence	
10 years hence	
Cwts.	Lbs.	Value8,071,167 (112 lbs.)	903,970,704	£46,357,9978,656,900	$ 1,815,80110,680,500	$ 2,329,853225,802,635	$50,168,73834,128,976	$ 6,954,618275.000.	000 325.000.	000	
Canada is guaranteed free entry for three years certain as against 15s. per cwt. (112 lbs.) general tariff and a preference margin of 15s. per cwt. during the life of the agreement.
The price level has probably been higher in the past few months than would have been the case if the Import Duties Act had not been passed, but the effect is not very perceptible. This preference should greatly assist us to sell in the British market. It is reported that butter production in Denmark is now about 10 per cent less than that of a year ago.
United Kingdom imports, 1931	
Canada's exports to United Kingdom, 1931.. ..
Canada's total exports, 1931	
Canada's production, 1931	
Canada's maximum production, 1903	
Canada's maximum exports, year ended June 30,
1904	
Canada's potential production-
5 years hence	
10 years hence	
* Approximate. Exact figures not available.
This is probably largely due to the effect of the Import Duties Act.
The proposed treaty should also result in a gradual increase in the price of creamery butter, in which case Canadian agriculture will benefit, not only from the increase in price but also from the increase in production, which will result from an increase in price.
The prairie provinces will enjoy a most needed benefit as a result of this provision as will Canadian agriculture as a whole.
(e) Cheese.		
Cwts.	Lbs.	Value2.884.757	323,092.784	£ 9,059,599(112 lbs.)	80.565,500	$ 9,959,13184,788,400	$10,594,917113,704.109	$12,796,610250,000,900*	$26,975,000233,980,716 175.000.	000 225.000.	000	$24,184,566
The decrease in exports between 1903 and 1920 is due to increased consumption of milk products in Canada, such as butter, fluid milk and ice cream, and from 1920 to 1930 more to diverting fluid milk and cream to the United States.
Canada will now enjoy in the British market free entry for three years certain, with preference margin of 15 per cent which will be maintained during the currency of the agreement. Since the empire countries supplied 86-89 per cent of the cheese imported
into the United Kingdom in 1931 and the entire quantity of the type of cheese produced in Canada the direct effect of this preference is not so important. It is however, important to keep in mind that the various milk product industries act interdependently in maintaining a stable price for these commodities.
I shall next deal with (f) Tobacco, again beginning with Canadian production and export figures:
Lbs.
United Kingdom imports, 1930	
236,934,505	(unmfd.)Canada's exports to United Kingdom, 1930	
3,976,017	(unmfd.)Canada's total exports, 1930	
5,365,869	(unmfd.)
Canada's production-
1930	 36,717,000
1931	 51,300,000
Canada's maximum production (1931)	 51,300,000
Canada's maximum exports-
(1929)	 7,244,045
(1932 7 mo.)	 8,941,215
128	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
Article 7 of the agreement is as follows: His Majesty's government in the United Kingdom will invite parliament to pass legislation which will secure for a period of ten years from the date hereof to tobacco, consigned from any part of the British Empire and grown, produced or manufactured in Canada, the existing margin of preference over
foreign tobacco, so long, however, as the duty on foreign unmanufactured tobacco does not fall below 2/OJd. per pound, in which event the margin of preference shall be equal to the full duty.
The following are the existing preference margins secured:
Tobacco, unmanufactured, containing 10 pounds or more moisture in every 100 pounds weight:
Unstripped	
Stripped	 [DOT] [DOT][DOT] ;[DOT]
containing less than 10 pounds moisture in every 100 pounds weight:
TJnstripped	
Stripped	'	
Of the figures I have just quoted these will bear emphasis.
In 1930, the United Kingdom imported 236,934,505 pounds unmanufactured tobacco, of which Canada supplied 3,976.017 pounds, while Canada's total exports for that year were 5,365,869 pounds. In 1929, Canadian exports were 7,244,045 pounds while for the first seven months of 1932 they were 8,941,215 pounds. The maximum Canadian production was in 1931, being 51,300,000 pounds.
Canada's potential production of Bright flue-cured tobacco for five years may be conservatively estimated at 50 per cent increase, and within ten years at 100 per cent increase.
The extension of the present margin of preference for another ten years will enable Canadian producers and exporters to plan production and business relationships for at
British preference	General
per lb.	per lb.
7/5*	9/6
7/51	9/6J
8/21	10/6
8/31	10/6J
least this period. This will particularly affect the large producers of Bright flue-cured tobacco in the Norfolk district, who have been taking such an active part in introducing this type of tobacco on the English market.
It should also have a pronounced stabilizing effect on Canadian tobacco production and marketing.
Furthermore, English manufacturers after ten years will be familiar with the quality of Canadian tobacco and its use there will be established.
Sections of Ontario and Quebec will reap substantial benefits from the tobacco tariff provisions.
Next coming to (g) Fruit, the statistics of interest are:
Fresh Apples
United Kingdom imports, fiscal year, 1931-32.. Canada's total exports to United Kingdom,
1931-32	
Canada's total exports, 1931-32	
Canada's production, 1931	
Canada's maximum production, 1921	
Cwts.
7,816,000 (112 lbs.)
1,919.514 (100 lbs.) 2,261,015 (100 lbs.) 5,120,620 (100 lbs.) 5,652,020 (100 lbs.)
Canada's maximum exports, 1929-30 Canada's potential production-
Tn 5 years, average	
In 10 years, average	
2,536,009 (100 lbs.)
5,824,192 (100 lbs.) 6,594,140 (100 lbs.)
Value
$5,577,339 00 6,537,584 00 8,632,014 00 Shipping point value not available $8,111,943 00
Under the treaty, 4s. 6d. per cwt., on the oasis of Canadian free entry, is to be substituted for the existing 10 per cent ad valorem rate. In other words, apples, and pears, going into the United Kingdom from Canada will enter free, whereas if sent from a foreign country they pay 4s. 6d. per hundred pounds.
The proposed tariff on fruit of non-empire origin is expected materially to reduce the quantity of fruit imported into the United

Kingdom from the United States, which is Canada's chief competitor, thereby assuring a more stable and enlarged market, preventing the dumping of large quantities of inferior fruit, and encouraging greater production and care of orchards in Canada. This preference Nova Scotia, Ontario and British Columbia, but particularly Nova Scotia, will most beneficially enjoy.

Imperial Conjerence-Trade Agreements
Apples, canned:
Canada is secured free entry except for any sugar duty as against 3s. 6d. per cwt (112 pounds) in addition to duty in respect of sugar content. Taking into account a rate, not guaranteed by treaty but at present in force there is a preference of 25 per cent ad valorem on fruit preserved without sugar by chemical process or artificial heat.
There has been a slight increase in the export of canned apples to Great Britain since March 1, 1932, but inasmuch as Canadian apple packers were not aware of the possibilities under the United Kingdom Imports Duties Act last fall, they did not pack stock for export. Many of the packers, are, however, preparing to take advantage of this market now. The provinces of British Columbia, Ontario and Nova Scotia are in a preferred position to benefit from this concession.
Apples Dried:
I have not available the statistics showing imports of dried apples into the United Kingdom, but Canada, in the year 1931 according to Fruit branch records, exported to the United Kingdom $S,967 worth of this commodity out of her total export of $78,723. Canada's production in the years 1930-1931 amounted to $256,807. What her maximum production is no one can now estimate, but it could be safely stated as 100 per cent increase over that at present.
United Kingdom imports, 1930	
Canada's exports to United Kingdom, 1931..
Canada's total exports, 1931	
Canada's production, 1930-31	
Canada's maximum exports, 1929	
We have -maintained for this industry free entry as against 10s. 6d. -per cwt, the former general tariff rate being 25 per cent ad valorem or which is approximately equal at present prices to a specific duty of 7s. We should safely look to a considerable increase in our dried apple trade as a result of this -preference.
Pears Fresh:
The United Kingdom imports of fresh pears in the year 1931 were 991,123 cwts (112 pounds) out of our total export trade of 9,118 cwt (100 pounds) we secured 8,990 cwts. (100 pounds) of the British trade. We have not the figures -to enable me to state these importations in terms of value.
Our total production was in 1931, 223,899 cwts. (100 pounds) valued at $464,773. 1920 was our maximum year in which we produced 290,540 cwts. (100 pounds) valued at $611,068. Our potential production based on a five-year average should ibe well over 200,000 cwts. (100 pounds).
From this it will -be seen that Canada's pear growing industry is capable of great expansion. Particularly is this true of Nova Scotia, Ontario, and British Columbia. The protection which we have secured on this commodity-free entry as against a general tariff of 4s. 6d. should provide the incentive to produce pears on a much greater scale in order to secure a greater part of the United Kingdom market.
Pears Canned:
Cwts.
Value
501,283 (112 lbs.)
19.053	(100 lbs.)
19.053	(100 lbs.) 107,928 (100 lbs.)
39,550 (100 lbs.)
[Stage Direction]
130.976	00
130.976	00 1,049,904 00
284,812 00
We have secured continued free entry except as to sugar duty as against a 15 per cent ad valorem general tariff plus sugar duty, or taking into account a rate now in force under the Import Duties Act but with continuance not guaranteed 25 per cent when the fruit is preserved without sugar and by chemical or artificial heat. Considerable benefits should
United Kingdom imports, 1931	
Canada's exports to United Kingdom, 1931-32.. Canada's total exports, 1931-32	
accrue to Canada by means of this preference. Already a small increase in shipments of canned pears to Great Britain may be noted since the coming into force of the United Kingdom tariff rates under the Import Duties Act.
Fresh Plums:
Cwts.	Value
513,665 (112 lbs.)		
1,528 (100 lbs.)		
1,584 (100 lbs.)		
I have not the figures representing the ada's maximum exports were 4,347 cwts (100 values corresponding to these amounts. Can- lbs.).
Cwts.	Value
Canada's production, 1931	
112,310 (100 lbs.)	$ 234,930 00Canada's maximum production, 1920	
366,918 (100 lbs.)	750,559 00
Under the existing 10 per cent preference, Fresh Plums and Fruit Juices should be, to some extent developed.
[Stage Direction]
130	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
(h) Tomatoes (Canned).
United Kingdom imports, 1930	
646,675	(112	lbs.)Canada's exports to United Kingdom	1930-31..	43,052	(100	lbs.)Canada's total exports, calendar	year,	1931..	63,341	(100	lbs.)Canada's production, 1930	
1,677,827	(100	lbs.)
(which is also its maximum)
Value
[Stage Direction]
There has been a very considerable increase in the export of canned tomatoes to Great Britain since March 1, 1932. Our information is that many of the packers are aiming to take advantage of the 10 per cent British preference.
(i)	Ketchup
The market for canned tomatoes in Great Britain will not only provide an outlet for a large part of our annual pack but will help
to stabilize the Canadian market. British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec are in a position to take the fullest advantage of this preference.
No information available as to importations into the United Kingdom, or Canadian production and exports since statistical records include ketchup with other sauces and condiments.
Our production is at least capable, however,
of a 50 per cent increase.
There has been little evidence of change in the export of ketchup since March 1st, last, exports from this country being made largely by one firm. There is no doubt, however, that that firm has benefited under the British preference. With free entry secured as against this preference of 10 per cent, it is expected that other Canadian firms will seek to develop this market. Canada should now materially extend her sales of ketchup into the United Kingdom in competition with Italy and Spain. While Ontario is the principle manufacturer of ketchup, quantities are also produced in British Columbia and Quebec.
(h) a Potatoes.
Cwts.	Value
United Kingdom imports, 1931	 16,588,000 (112 lbs.)		
Canada's exports to United Kingdom, 1931-32.. As a result of the embargo Canada, of course,
obtains none of United Kingdom trade but for the years 1931-1932 Canada's total exports were-
Cwts.	Value
Canada's total exports. 1931-32, fiscal year.. ..
Canada's production, 1931	
Canada's maximum production, 1920	
(when its greatest crop was produced) Canada's maximum exports, 1926-27	
2,834,171 (100 lbs.) 52,305.000 (100 lbs.) 80,298,840 (100 lbs.)
[Stage Direction]
4,991,448 (100 lbs.)
9,717,425 00
A preference of 10 per cent with our free entry will mean that in some years when production in the United Kingdom is low and our production high, free access to the United
Kingdom market will be of especial importance.
(i) Eggs in Shell.
United Kingdom Imports, 1930	long cwt. 26,560,914	£16,390.735Canada's Exports to United Kingdom, 1930-31 (Fiscal) ..dozen	26,260	$	9,607Canada's Total	Exports,	1930-31	(Fiscal).dozen	186,396	66,122Canada's Farm	Production	(not	including urban), 1930.. ..dozen	278,255,753	74,837,092
Canada's Maximum Production-Farm Production (not including
urban), 1931	dozen	286,882,447	49,206,845Canada's Maximum Exports-Fiscal Yearsi«88	dozen	14,170,859	2,122,283i!)02	dozen	11,635,108	1,733,242
By article 3 of the treaty with the United Kingdom, Canada will enjoy free entry for 3 years certain as against the following rates
instead of the existing rate of 10 per cent ad valorem, and will throughout the life of the agreement enjoy these preferential margins.
[Stage Direction]
Imperial Conjerence-Trade Agreements
Eggs in shell:
(i)	Not exceeding in weight 14 pounds per great hundred, Is. per great hundred.
(ii)	Over 14 pounds per great hundred but not exceeding 17 pounds, Is. 6d per great hundred.
(iii)	Over 17 pounds per great hundred, Is. 9d. per great hundred.
It will be noted from the figures I have just placed on Hansard that the United Kingdom is a big importer of eggs, importing in 1930, 26,541,280 long cwt., valued at £16,377,646. Canada in the fiscal year 1930-31 exported to the United Kingdom 26,260 dozen eggs, valued at S9,607, out of a total export of 186,396 dozen, valued at $66,122.
Canada's maximum production (this is farm production not including urban) was in 1931- 286,882,447 dozen, valued at $49,206,841.
With a favourable price incentive, Canada can double her production in five years, and treble or quadruple it in ten years.
Article 8 in the Canada-United Kingdom agreement has special significance to the egg and poultry trade with Bermuda. Bermuda's present British preferential tariff is as follows:
Eggs-6d. per dozen, January to May inclusive: and 3d. per dozen, June to December inclusive: while the general tariff is 25 per cent additional to this. Under the agreement a preferential margin of 2d. per dozen is proposed. In the calendar year 1930, Bermuda imported 174,340 dozen eggs,, valued at £14,056 and 12,089 packages of dressed poultry valued at £61,310. Canada can now supply all Bermuda's requirements in eggs, the greater part of the above having been imported from the United States.
In the egg and poultry industry the principal effect of the Import Duties Act has been an extension of the market for dressed poultry and frozen eggs. In the former quite a useful trade has been developed since March. The volume, while not large, has been promising and would have been greater if the exchange situation had been more favourable.
In frozen eggs, the first export to Great Britain on record took place this spring, between 200,000 and 300,000 lbs. having been shipped to date.
It is apparent that even the existing preferences have been sufficient to create interest and stimulate export trade. There is, in addition to the increased preferences, the value of the closer associations made during the conference, particularly along the lines of empire standards and qualitative control, as reported upon favourably by the committee on economic cooperation within the empire.
53719-9J
This gives promise of establishing a demand for the superior quality which Canada is in a position to supply.
The next item is honey. I was speaking to the High Commissioner for Canada yesterday with respect to this item and I find that we do not enjoy the benefit of the market we should have in Great Britain for Canadian honey because we have not standardized our product. But the opportunities are amazing. In fact, one will find Quebec honey, specially prepared, on sale in many places in the United Kingdom because of the effort that has been made to standardize it.
Canada now has, by reason of free entry, secured through the Import Duties Act, a preference of 10 per cent and through the United Kingdom, Australian and New Zealand agreements she will have a preference of 7s. per cwt.
In 1930, Canada exported to the United Kingdom £41,662 worth of honey-almost half of Great Britain's total of importations from British countries, and almost a quarter of her total importations altogether.
Total from British countries, £89,670.
Total imports from all countries £170,506.
Canada's exports to the United Kingdom also exceeded those of the United States, which were £40,257.
In 1931, Canada's maximum amount of honey was exported, being 2,589,269 pounds, valued at $225,643. Canada's production in 1931 had an estimated value of $2,647,402 estimated on the average wholesale quotations for that year.
The trend of production is steadily upward and is likely to continue so for some time, our potential production being practically unlimited. With assured markets ten years should double the present volume.
It may be noted that the Import Duties Act up to date has been of decided benefit to the Canadian honey industry. The 10 per cent preference granted to Canada enabled the largest exporters of Canadian honey to clear, at reasonable prices, large stocks of honey held over from previous years, which otherwise should have been sacrificed. With a duty of 7s. per cwt. imposed on foreign honey, much of the low-priced honey formerly dumped on the United Kingdom markets, at prices far below the cost of production of Canadian honey, will be eliminated, thus making room for the expansion of our trade. Ontario and Quebec honey producers are most in need of markets. This wider market to the United Kingdom will also make way for the ever-increasing supply from western Canada.
132	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
With respect to grains I have similar figures which I may be permitted to place on Hansard for the service of the house in
imports are and what our total production has been. I have these figures with respect to barley, oats, peas and other grains, as follows:
discussing this matter, showing what the total	(k) Barley:		
			Value
United Kingdom Imports, 1930	
Canada's Exports to United Kingdom-	.Cwts. (112 lbs.)	15,207,759	£4,593,8121930	2,058.149	$ 681,3881931	8,099,922	2,985,995Canada's Total Exports-	1930	2,834,299	987,2231931	24,259,755	9,923,520Canada's Production-	1930	135,160,200 67,382,600 136.391,000 38,943,642	1931	Canada's Maximum Production (Crop Year), Canada's Maximum Exports, Total fiscal year	1928	Bus.	1926-27.. ..Bus.	25,875,024
Canada's production of barley could be tremendously increased through the breaking of new land and the substitution of barley for other grains on presently cultivated land. It is essential that Canada widen her market for this product. The ten per cent preference which is secured to us will assist in improving Canada's competitive position in the United Kingdom market.
This preference, if taken advantage of, should be of particular benefit to the prairie provinces and in all provinces which can produce barley of satisfactory malting quality.
(1) Oats:
United Kingdom Imports, 1930	
Canada's Exports to United Kingdom	
Canada's Total Exports, 1930-31	
Canada's Production, 1930	
Canada's Maximum Production, Crop year 1923 Canada's Maximum Exports, fiscal year 1916-17..
		Value
	9,631,091 2,373,314 6,403,181 423.148.000 563.998.000 66,368,832	£2,409,111 $1,452,935 4,055,855
		
		33,918,479
The potential production of oats in Canada is limited only by demand. Under the prevailing preference, the continuance of which is secured by the treaty, the export of oats from Canada to the United Kingdom has increased substantially during the five months' period ending August 19, 1932, as compared
with the same period in 1931. 1931, 3,082,430 bushels; 1932, 3,957,915 bushels. It should be noted that this increase has occurred while Canada's total exports of oats have slightly decreased.
(m) Peas (whole):
United Kingdom Imports, 1930	Cwts. (112 lbs.)
Canada's	Exports to United Kingdom, year	ending	March 31,
1932	Bus.
Canada's	Total Exports, year ending	March	31, 1932..	..Bus.
Canada's Production, 1930 and 1931-
1930		Bus.
1931		Bus.
Canada's	Maximum production, 1909	(Crop year)	Bus.
1,272,655
8,685
57,766
2,370,600
1.370.000
8.145.000
V alue £964,498
$	29,748
111,809
3.487.000
1.155.000
A sufficient time has not yet elapsed for 10 per cent preference under the United Kingdom Import Duties Act to show any appreciable effect on Canadian production and exports to the United Kingdom of peas. In 1931 the Canadian pea crop was short with no exportable surplus and the 1932 acreage is slightly less than that of 1931. The three principal pea growing provinces of Canada are Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia. The continuance of this preference will improve our competitive position in the United Kingdom market.
[Mr. Bennett-. 1
Time will not permit me to deal further with the advantages that should accrue to Canada in respect of farm products throughout the country if we are to take the fullest advantage of this vast and ever-widening market that has been secured. I shall hurriedly mention a list of those commodities most essential to Canadian farm industry on which we have secured continued free trade with a tariff margin which will be indicated by placing opposite them the general tariff rates that will prevail when the conference agreements are ratified.
OCTOBER 12, 1932 133 Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements Products, Mainly Agricultural		
Commodity	Preferential Rate	General TariffWheat	Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free, plus sugar duty, if any Free, plus sugar duty, if any Free, plus sugar duty, if any	*3d. per bu. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. 10 p.c. ad val. *4s. 6d. cwt. *4s. 6d. cwt. 25 p.c. ad val. if dried by artificial heat or chemical process and without sugar; otherwise 10 p.c. ad val. *10s. 6d. cwt. plus sugar duty if any in trade agreement (1) *3s. 6d. cwt. plus sugar duty if any in trade agreement (1) 115 p.c. ad val. plus sugar duty, if any.Wheat flour	Rye	Barley	Oats	Peas, whole	
Hay			
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
Specific rate is stabilized in Schedule B. fThis rate is in United Kingdom trade agreement with Australia and Union of South Africa. Under Import Duties Act, fruit preserved without sugar by artificial heat or chemical process is 25 per cent ad valorem. (1) Under Import Duties Act, fruit preserved without sugar by artificial heat or chemical process is 25 p.c. ad valorem. Note: Sugar duty is 5s. lOd. cwt. (Preferential) and 11s. 8d. (general) for highest polarization. On this basis following rates are established on preserved fruit:		
-	Preferential	GeneralWhen sugar duty not over 9|d. (preferential) or Is. 6£d. (general) per cwt. on total weight	9|d. cwt. 15§d. cwt. 41Id. cwt.	18^d. cwt. 31d. cwt. 82^d. cwt.Preserved in thin syrup	Preserved in thick syrup	
Commodity	Preferential Rate	General Tariff
	Free, unless containing sugar or spirit. Free, except for sugar duty, if any Free Free Free	10 p.e. ad val. but not less than duty on sugar or spirit content 10 p.c. ad val. or duty on sugar content if higher 10 p.c. ad val. 20 p.c. ad val. 6s. per cwt.
Pickles and sauces			
		
Vegetables, other, canned			
Condensed milk, not sweetened			
		
		
134	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
Commodity	Preferential Rate	General TariffCondensed milk, slightly sweetened	Is. lid. cwt. (sugar	*9s. per cwt. (plusduty)	2s. Id. sugar duty)Condensed milk, sweetened	2s. 8d. cwt. (sugar	*9s. per cwt. (plus 9s.duty)	4d. sugar duty)Milk powder and other preserved milk, not sweetened	Free	6s. per cwt.Milk powder and other preserved milk, sweetened	2s. l£d. or 4s. 9£d.	4s. 3d. or 9s. 7d. perper cwt. depend-	cwt. depending oning on sugar con-	sugar contenttent Free	7s. per cwt.*19 p.c. ad val.Free	*15s. per cwt.Eggs in shell	Free	*12d. to 21d. perTobacco, raw	7s. 3fd. to 8s. 3fd.	cwt. 9s. 6d. to 10s. 6£d.per lb.	per lb.(Article 7)	(Article 7)93s. 4d. per cwt.	80s. per cwt.(Old tariff)	(Old tariff)Confectionery made from sugar and no other ingredient except flavouring	5s. lOd. cwt.	11s. 8d. cwt.(Old tariff)	(Old tariff)Confectionery, when duty on sugar used therein does not exceed per cwt. 4s. 2§d. (pref.) and 8s. 9d. (gen.)	4s. 2id.	8s. 5d.(Old tariff)	(Old tariff)
'Stabilized in Schedule B.
I have not yet touched upon that farm commodity which is at the moment of most immediate importance to this country. Finding wheat and wheat flour markets is the great problem facing our wheat growers today. In flour we have secured free entry as against a minimum general British tariff of 10 per cent. You are all aware that our flour industry has suffered a serious decline due to tariff walls erected against us by foreign countries, import restrictions and the like. This gives the preference an especial relative value which is already reacting to the benefit of the Canadian wheat producers. Not only does the increase in the sale of Canadian flour widen the Canadian wheat market, but Canadian flour is most important in promoting the direct sale of Canadian wheat. Our secured place in the British flour market means that British domestic millers can only compete with the Canadian flour if they use Canadian wheat standards.
In 1931, the total import of wheat flour into the United Kingdom was 9,141,192 barrels of which 3,712,824 barrels came from British countries and 2,428,368 barrels from foreign countries, Canada being the chief British Empire supplier with 2,225,490 barrels and the United States the chief foreign supplier with 1,187,190 barrels.
This tariff preference should deflect to British Empire countries a large part of the flour trade of the United Kingdom heretofore supplied by foreign countries. Up to the pres-

ent, Australia has had the chief advantage of the deflection of trade from the United States. It is significant, nevertheless, that in the first six months of the present calendar year, the imports of wheat flour into the United Kingdom from the United States amounted to only 210,560 barrels as compared with 593,250 barrels in the corresponding period during the preceding year. On wheat we have secured a preference of 2s. per quarter. Article 4 of the agreement makes the continuance of this preference, as well as the preferences granted in respect to copper, zinc and lead conditional upon empire producers of these commodities being able and willing to offer them a first sale in the United Kingdom at prices not exceeding the world prices and in quantities sufficient to supply the requirements of the United Kingdom consumers.
I have never at any time represented to the wheat growers of this country that the effect of a preference would be to set up in their favour a price differential in world markets and at the expense of the British consumer. What I did maintain was that it was vital to us to find a secured market in the United Kingdom which is now by far, and is likely to continue to be, the greatest wheat consuming country in the whole world. The United Kingdom in 1931 imported what is equivalent to 250,466,000 bushels of wheat and her average imports over the past five years were 232,084,000. These figures are arrived at by converting barrels of flour

Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
at 4i bushels of wheat per barrel. There is no need of emphasizing the value of this market to Canada. The preference, it is agreed, will substantially increase the purchase of Canadian wheat by British importers. When this, the greatest of all the markets is secured, the problem of finding markets in other countries for the balance of our exportable surplus is proportionately lessened. When we have secured world markets sufficient to absorb our exportable surplus, our wheat in world markets will as a result enjoy a price which is more in keeping with the cost of production and the standards of living of our farmers in this country. Furthermore, it should be borne in mind that a preferential position in this market will be of immense advantage to Canada in maintaining our great wheat growing areas while world sources of supply are being compelled to adjust their acreage to market requirements. It will be observed that the preferences secured are as far as possible fairly divided among the various classes of producers and among the various sections of the country.
The United Kingdom agreement is made on the express condition-
-that, if either government is satisfied that any preferences hereby granted in respect of any particular class of commodities are likely to be frustrated in whole or in part by reason of the creation or maintenance directly or indirectly of prices for such class of commodities through state action on the part of any foreign country, that government hereby declares that it will exercise the powers which it now has or will hereafter take to prohibit the entry from such foreign country directly or indirectly of such commodities into its. country for such time as may be necessary to make effective and to maintain the preferences hereby granted by it.
This clause of the agreement is directed to unfair competition of the kind named from whatever source it may arise. I have heard it said that this provision to secure this agreement against unfair foreign competition is ineffective. My answer to that criticism is this. That provision goes to the very root of this agreement. Without definite protection against unfair competition from abroad, the advantages under the agreement would be seriously impaired. It remains with the United Kingdom to provide the means by which this provision will be made operative, and I, for one, am content that when in honour, the United Kingdom is bound to ensure its effectiveness, that effectiveness will follow upon their undertaking, as the night follows upon the day. And I must counsel any member of this house before he prejudges this provision and dares to impugn the good faith involved in its satisfactory operation, to
remember that the Canadian people, acting in good faith under this agreement, will bitterly resent any suggestion that the United Kingdom is not in this, like-minded with ourselves.
At the opening of the conference, I said that while our proposal was made directly to ithe United Kingdom, it was offered in principle to all the other countries of the empire wherever its application would be of mutual advantage. And I am happy to say that we have succeeded in concluding agreements, based in spirit and principle upon the agreement with the United Kingdom, and which in their turn, having regard to their necessarily more limited application, are of corresponding mutual benefit. These agreements, I have enumerated, and I shall take time now only to outline the important provisions of them.
Trade Agreement with South Africa
A trade agreement was also concluded at the conference between the governments of the Dominion of Canada and the Union of South Africa. This agreement, for the first time in the history of these two dominions, places their commercial relations upon a treaty basis. The Union of South Africa has been receiving the benefits of our British preferential tariff ever since 1904, prior to the formation of the Union. Up to 1925 the Union granted preferences .to Canada on a whole range of goods for which there were preferential rebates to empire countries. In 1925 the Union of South Africa adopted the principle of granting restricted and exclusive preferences to other countries in return for reciprocal tariff concessions. Accordingly the trade agreement which has been concluded with South Africa deals with the principal commodities which each dominion can sell to the other and is more limited in scope than the trade agreements recently concluded with Australia and New Zealand. It has, however, secured a considerable extension of the list of commodities on which preferences have hitherto been extended to Canada. Special consideration has been given by administrative regulation to the position of corn from South Africa and to motor cars from Canada.
An examination of the schedule attached to the trade agreement providing for preferential rebates on Canadian products imported into the Union of South Africa will indicate that the agreement provides for preferences on a number of important foodstuffs, forest products and manufactured goods for which the Union of South Africa offers opportunities for the extension of Canadian trade.
136	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
Trade Agreement with the Irish Free State
The agreement concluded at the conference between the government of the Dominion of Canada and the Irish Free State places the trade relations between the two dominions on a treaty basis. The Irish Free State on becoming a separate customs area in 1923 adopted the tariff of the United Kingdom with the then existing preferences on empire goods. The tariff has since been considerably modified but the principle of preferential rates for empire goods has been maintained. While these preferences have been extended to Canadian products Canada was not assured of their continued application so long as commercial relations were not regulated by an agreement. The trade agreement concluded at the conference secures for all goods the produce or manufacture of Canada imported into the Irish Free State the benefits of the lowest rates of duty accorded to similar goods the produce of any country. In return, goods the produce of the Irish Free State when imported into Canada will be accorded the same tariff treatment as similar goods imported from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Our exporters and manufacturers should henceforth derive considerable benefit from the preferences embodied in the Irish Free State tariff and it may be expected that this factor will be of material assistance in increasing the exports of certain Canadian foodstuffs and manufactured goods to the Irish Free State market.
Trade Agreement with Southern Rhodesia
The trade agreement between the governments of the Dominion of Canada and of the Colony of Southern Rhodesia provides for the exchange of preferential treatment on selected lists of commodities. In addition, other goods not enumerated in the schedules attached to the agreement will continue to enjoy the benefits of existing and future British preferences. The preferences accorded to Canada under this agreement should afford our exporters and manufacturers important advantages in competing with foreign countries for a share of the trade with Southern Rhodesia.
Conversations with British India
The presence of the Indian delegation at the Imperial economic conference enabled conversations to be initiated with respect to the desirability of a trade agreement between the two countries. Although the time available did not permit definite conclusions to be reached, the conversations served to provide an opportunity of examining the openings for (Mr. Bennett.]
mutual trade. It is hoped that after the Indian delegation have had the opportunity of reporting to the government of India the result of the conversations at Ottawa direct negotiations may be entered into between the two governments for the conclusion of a trade agreement which will secure to Canada preferences on the principal Canadian products for which India offers a market.
Conversations with Australia
Discussions took place during the conference with the representatives of the government of the Commonwealth of Australia on the question of implementing the trade agreement of 1931. The possibility was explored of each country extending further tariff concessions to the other. The Australian delegation are reporting to their government the result of these discussions, after which it is hoped that further negotiations will be conducted with a view to implementing the trade agreement and securing for Canada a number of additional tariff advantages on certain of the articles which we ship to Australia.
Conversations with New Zealand
The presence at the conference of the New Zealand delegation afforded an opportunity of discussing the extension of the trade agreement between Canada and New Zealand concluded on April 23, 1932. This agreement was concluded only for the period of one year. The opportunity was afforded of examining the respects in which the trade agreement should be implemented or modified and a general exchange of views took place, which should materially assist the consideration by both governments of the modification and extension of the existing trade agreement. It is hoped that further negotiations will lead to the conclusion of another agreement which will serve to regulate trade relations between the two countries for a long period and bring to Canadian exporters and manufacturers valuable tariff preferences in the New Zealand market.
Article 19 of the United Kingdom agreement is as follows:
His Majesty's government in Canada undertake to accord to those non-self-governing colonies, protectorates, and the mandated territories to which the benefits of the British preferential rates are at present accorded and also to Zanzibar the preferences on the commodities and at the rates shown in schedule F and also any preferences for the time being accorded to the United Kingdom. Provided that His Majesty's government in Canada shall not be bound to continue to accord any preferences to any colony or protectorate which, not being precluded by international obligations

Imperial
Conference-Trade Agreements
from according preferences, either (i) accords to Canada no preferences or (ii) accords to some other part of the empire (in the case of Northern Rhodesia excepting the Union of South Africa, Southern Rhodesia and the Territories of the South African High Commission) preferences not accorded to Canada.
The house will have at an early date further details of the concessions hereunder granted.
Then there remains for consideration the length of the agreements. It will be recalled that they are for a period of five years, and thereafter indefinitely. I believe it would be well to advise the house as to the length of time for which trade agreements have been heretofore negotiated, and the dates upon which they became effective. The following table will give this information:
Trade Agreement between Canada and Australia.
Convention of Commerce with Belgium....
Convention of Commerce with Czechoslovakia.
Convention of Commerce with Italy	
Convention of Commerce with the Netherlands.
Trade agreement with the British West Indies
Date on which effective
Aug. 3, 1931... Oct. 22, 1924.. Nov. 14, 1928. Jan. 8,1924.... Oct. 28, 1925.. April 30, 1927.
Trade Agreement with New Zealand...
Trade Agreement with the United Kingdom.
Trade Agreement with the Irish Free State..
Trade Agreement with the Union of South Africa.
Trade Agreement with Southern Rhodesia..
May 24, 1932	
Aug. 20, 1932 (subject to the necessary legislative or other action being taken as soon as may be practicable there after).
To go into force on date to be agreed upon.
To go into force on date to be agreed upon.
To go into force on date to be agreed upon.
Period for which negotiated
1 year and indefinitely thereafter, subject to 6 months' notice of denunciation.
4 years and indefinitely thereafter, subject to 12 months' notice of denunciation.
4 years and indefinitely thereafter, subject to 12 months' notice of denunciation.
4 years and indefinitely thereafter, subject to 12 months' notice of denunciation.
4	years and indefinitely thereafter, subject to 12 months' notice of denunciation.
12 years and thereafter indefinitely, subject to 12 months' notice of denunciation.
1 year.
5	years and indefinitely thereafter, subject to 6 months' notice of denunciation.
5 years and indefinitely thereafter, subject to 6 months' notice of denunciation.
5 years and indefinitely thereafter, subject to 6 months' notice of denunciation.
5 years and indefinitely thereafter, subject to 6 months'
It will be observed that the practice of preceding governments has been to initiate trade agreements for a maximum period of twelve years, and for periods of four years or less. The present agreements will be in existence for a period of five years, and thereafter will be subject to a six months' notice of termination. We believe that not less than five years will be required in order fully to demonstrate the value of these undertakings, and we are satisfied that if stability is desired, as it is, and if the value of the agreements is to be tested, any period less than that would be too short a time in which to try an experiment so great. The agreements made with Italy and Belgium, it will be remembered, were for a period of four years, and thereafter indefinitely. We believe, as I say, that five years should be the period selected.
Although it has been somewhat tiresome, I have endeavoured to place before this house a review of the agreements. I have tried to indicate the benefits to be derived from them, not only by Canada but by the other countries to the agreements as well. During the course of the debate questions naturally will arise which the members of this government will be glad to answer fully. Any presentation of this agreement with the United Kingdom or the agreements with the other dominions, however, would be incomplete did I not express again the privilege it has been to meet the representatives of the governments of the other countries of the empire, and to say how greatly we have esteemed the honour of cooperation with them in the development of this great scheme of inter-eimpire trade. And I furthermore desire to acknowledge with
[Stage Direction]
Imperial Conference-Trade Agreements
affection and gratitude the fine spirit of unselfishness and zeal with which our friends and kinsmen throughout the empire met together in this great achievement. The difficulties which confronted the delegates were neither few nor small. Every country had of necessity to bear in mind its own requirements, the conditions of its own people, the means by which they could best be helped, and strive by fair ways to incorporate them in an agreement. That they have done so, and that, after weeks of anxious deliberation, they were able to meet together in agreement, is the lasting proof that good faith and unselfishness and a common adherence to a fixed principle, can triumph over obstacles which to the cynic and him with little faith, seemed before the conference to be insuperable. I say that we have done well. And let those who would, for personal or party advantage, cavil at these agreements, remember that in all the history of this empire, nothing has been before achieved comparable in present benefit or in future promise to that which the Ottawa conference may claim to its lasting credit. And in the days to come, I do believe we and the generations which follow us will look back upon that conference as the beginning of a new and greater empire, bound together by common allegiance to the crown, by ties of kinship and friendship and by a common interest which our individual welfare bids us all strive to maintain.
I think in this regard we might adopt words written with respect to another phase of empire development:
Wider still and wider
Shall thy bounds be set.
God who made thee mighty
Make thee mightier yet.
On motion of Mr. Mackenzie King the debate was adjourned.

Richard Bedford Bennett: With the consent of the house I should like to revert to the order of motions in order to lay upon the table the supplementary volume of the report of the Imperial Economic Conference of 1932, together with a copy of the correspondence relating to the importation of Canadian store cattle into the
United Kingdom, and the importation of United Kingdom pedigreed stock into Canada. At the moment I am tabling two copies of each. The copy in French has not been completed as yet, but the translators hope to have it ready within two or three days. They have been steadily working on this and other papers and I may not be able to table the French copy before Monday or Tuesday.


Mr. LAPOINTE:: They have had it since August 19. Surely the translation should be completed by now\



WAYS AND MEANS

[Stage Direction]
Hon. E. N. RHODES (Minister of Finance) moved that Mr. Speaker do* now leave the chair for the house to resolve itself into committee of ways and means.
He said:	In submitting this motion, Mr. Speaker, I beg to give notice that when we go into committee I propose to move the following resolutions:
1. Resolved, That Schedule A to the Customs iariff, being chapter forty-four of the Revised Statutes of Canada, 1927, as amended by chapter seventeen of the Acts of 1928, chapter thirty-nine of the Acte of 1929, chapter thirteen of the Acts of 1930 (first Session), chapter three of. the Acts of 1930 (second Session), chapter thirty of the Acte of 1931, and chapter forty-one of the Acts of 1932, be further amended by striking thereout tariff items 20a, 39a, 77, 79, 83(a), 87(n), 106(b), 143a, 144, 145, 146, 147, 152, 156, 157a, 159, 160, 164, 166, 168, 171, 178 188, 203, 206. 207. 208, 208b, 208d, 208e, 208h 209, 210. 210d, 211. 212, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 219c, 229, 230, 232. 232b, 232c, 234, 236, 240, 241, 242, 245, 249, 253, 254, 256, 264, 267b, 276b 277, 278, 287, 288, 289, 300, 312, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 340, 341, 348d, 349, 350, 353, 363a, 354, 354a. 355, 356, 361, 370, 377c, 378(d) 380(a), 380(b), 380(c), 381(a), 382(a). 382(b), 382(c), 383(a), 383(b). 383(e), 385, 386(a), 386(m), fi), 386(m) (ii). 387, 388, 388b, 393, 394(a), 401(a), 401(b), 401(c), 401(d), 401(e), 401(f), 401(g), 406(b), 407a, 408, 409, 410L, 410n, 410o, 412a, 412b, 414, 422a, 429(b), 429(c). 429(d), 429(e), 429(f), 429(g), 431b, 438a, 438b, 438c, 438d, 438e. 440j. 441. 445c. 445,d, 446, 476, 476a, 488, 522, 522c, 522d, 523, 523a, 523b, 523e, 523f, 524, 528, 529, 532, 537b, 540, 540a, 540b, 540c, 541a, 551, 551a, 552, 553, 554, 554a, 554b, 555, 568a, 568b, 572, 584, 586, 598, 599, 604, 605, 607a, 616, 616a, 617, 625, 663, 684, 728, 783, 784, and 785, the several enumerations of goods, respectively, and the several rates of duties of customs, if any, set opposite each of said items, and by inserting the following items, enumerations and rates of duty in Schedule A:-
I Mr. Bennett.]
20a
39a
77b
83
106
135b
143a
145
147
Butter produced from the cocoa bean	per pound
Rice flour, sago flour, cassava flour, tapioca flour, and rice meal
per pound
Beans, viz. Tonquin, crude only; locust beans; locust bean meal
Vanilla beans, crude only	
Florist stock, viz. -Azaleas, rhododendrons, pot-grown lilacs rose stock and other stock for grafting, seedling carnation stock, araucarias, bulbs, corms, tubers, rhizomes and dormant roots, n.o.p.; seedling stock for grafting, viz.;-Plum, pear, peach and other fruit trees	
Potatoes, as hereunder defined:-
(a)	In their natural state, per one hundred pounds....
(n) Tomatoes	[DOT] [DOT][DOT]*	[DOT]
Provided that when imported under the Intermediate or General Tariff rates, the duty shall at no time be less than two cents per pound.
Fruits, prepared, in air-tight cans or other air-tight containers, the weight of the containers to be included in the weight for duty:
(b)	Pineapples	per pound
Sugar, above number 16 Dutch	Standard in colour when imported or purchased in bond in Canada by a recognized sugar refiner for refining purposes only, under regulations by the Minister, when exceeding 98 degrees, but not exceeding 99 degrees polarization, per one hundred pounds....
Cigarettes, the weight of the paper covering to be included in
the weight for duty	Per pound
and	,
Cut tobacco	Per pound
Manufactured tobacco, n.o.p.,	and snuff	per pound
Ale, beer, porter and stout, when imported in casks or otherwise than in bottle	P®r gallon
Ale, beer, porter and stout, when imported in bottles.per gallon Provided that six quart bottles or twelve pint bottles shall be held to contain one gallon.
Lime juice, fruit syrups and fruit juices, n.o.p	
Free
i ct.
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
1 ct.
31-64 cts.
$3.50 25 p.c. 80 cts. 75 cts.
25 cts. 30 cts.
15 p.c.
Inter- mediate Tariff		Present rates		
General Tariff	British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	General Tariff3 cts.	3 cts.	Free	2 cts.	2 cts.l! cts.	11 cts.	1 cts.	1 ct.	1 ct.Free 10 p.e.	Free 10 p.c.	Free Free	Free Free	Free Free15 p.c.	20 p.c.	Free	Free	FreeFree 27$ p.c.	75 cts. 30 p.c.	Free Free	Free 27$ p.c.	75 cts. 30 p.c.4 cts.	5 cts.	3 cts.	4 cts.	5 cts.! 31-64 cts.	$4.10 25 p.c. 95 cts. 90 cts.	$4.10 25 p.c. 95 cts. 90 cts.	$4.10 25 p.c. i 95 cts. 90 cts.	$4.10 25 p.c. 95 cts. 90 cts.	$4.10 25 p.c. 95 cts. 90 cts.35 cts. 50 cts.	35 cts. 50 cts.	30 cts. 42 cts.	30 cts. 42 cts.	30 cts. 42 cts.25 p.c.	25 p.c.	171 P.c.	22} p.c.	22} p.c.
o
o
[Stage Direction]
o
w
[Stage Direction]
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
British	Inter-	!	Present rates	X c l 11XX Item	Pref. Tariff	mediate Tariff	General Tariff	British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	General Tariff156	Ethyl alcohol, or the substance commonly known as alcohol hydrated oxide of ethyl or spirits of wine, n.o.p.; gin of al kinds, n.o.p.; whisky and all spirituous or alcoholic liquors, n.o.p.; amyl alcohol or fusel-oil, or any substance known as potato spirit or potato oil; methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha, pyrosylic spirit or any substance known as wood spirit or methylated spirits, absinthe, arrack or palm spirit, brandy, including artificial brandy and imitations of brandy, n.o.p.; cordials and liqueurs of all kinds, n.o.p.; mescal, pulque, rum shrub, schiedam and other schnapps; tafia, angostura and similar alcoholic bitters or beverages; and wines, n.o.p., containing more than forty per cent of proof spirit, per gallon of the strength of proof	
Provided, as to all goods specified in Item No. 156 when	$8.00	$10.00	$10.00	$10.00	$10.00	$10.00157a 159	oi less strength than the strength of proof, that no reduction or allowance shall be made in the measurement thereof for duty purposes, below the strength of 15 per cent under proof. Amyl alcohol or refined fusel oil, when imported by the Department of National Revenue or by a person licensed by the Minister, to be denatured for use in the manufacture of metal varnishes or lacquers, to be entered at ports prescribed by regulations of the Minister, subject to the Excise Act and to the regulations of the Department of National Revenue, per gallon	
Spirits and strong waters of any kind, mixed with any ingredient	Free	25 cts.	25 cts.	Free	Free	Freeor ingredients, as being or known or designated as essences, extracts, or ethereal and spirituous fruit essences, n.o.p. per gallon	$8.00	$10.00	$10.00	$10.00	$10.00	$10.00160	Alcoholic perfumes and perfumed spirits, bay rum, cologne and lavender waters, lotions, hair, tooth and skin washes, and other toilet preparations containing spirits of any kind:- (a)	When in bottles or flasks containing not more than four ounces each	
(b)	when in bottles, flasks or other packages, containing	30 p.c.	30 p.c.	30 p.c.	30 p.c.	30 p.c.60 p.c.	90 p.c.	90 p.c.	90 p.c.	90 p.c.	90 p.c.more than four ounces each	
per gallon	$5.00	$5.00	$5.00	$5.00	$5.00	$5.00164	(a) Wines of the fresh grape of all kinds, except sparkling wines	40 p.c.	40 p.c.	40 p.c.	40 p.c.	40 p.c.imported in barrels or in bottles, containing less than 35 p.c. proof spirit, when the produce or manufacture of the Union of South Africa	per gallon	25 cts.	55 cts.	
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
166
171
171a
178b
192c
199c
(b) Wines of all kinds, except sparkling wines, imported in barrels or in bottles, containing 35 p.c. or over, but not more than 40 p.c. of proof spirits, when the produce or
manufacture of the Union of South Africa	per gallon
Provided that six quart bottles or twelve pint bottles be held to contain a gallon for duty purposes under this Item.
Acetone and amyl acetate	
Malt flour containing less than 50 per centum in weight of malt; malt syrup or malt syrup powder; extracts of malt, fluid or not; grain molasses-all articles in this item upon valuation without British or foreign excise duties, under regulations
prescribed by the Minister	per pound
and	
Books, printed, periodicals and pamphlets, or parts thereof, n.o.p., not to include blank account books, copy books, or
books to be written or drawn upon	
Comic periodicals for juveniles-	
Advertising and printed matter, viz.:-
Advertising pamphlets, advertising show cards, illustrated advertising periodicals; price books, catalogues and price lists; advertising almanacs and calendars; patent medicine or other advertising circulars, fly sheets or pamphlets; advertising chromos, chromo-types, oleographs or like work produced by any process other than hand painting or drawing, and having any advertisement or advertising matter printed, lithographed or stamped thereon, or attached thereto, including advertising bills, folders and posters, or other similar artistic work, lithographed, printed or stamped on paper or cardboard for business or advertisement purposes, n.o.p.,
per pound
Provided, that when imported under the General Tariff
rate, the duty shall be not less than	
Printed Advertising Matter issued by railway systems in the British Empire (not including railway systems operating in Canada)	
Plain basic photographic paper, baryta coated, adapted for use exclusively in manufacturing albumenized or sensitized
photographic paper	
Roofing and shingles of saturated felt	
Waxed stencil paper for use on duplicating machines	
Non-edible seeds, beans, nuts, berries, plants, weeds, barks, and woods, in a crude state or chipped or ground, and extracts and preparations thereof; turmeric, nutgalls and extracts thereof; indigo, indigo paste, and extracts of; aniline oil, crude; aniline salts, alizarin and artificial alizarin; annatto, liquid or solid; iron liquor, being solution o. acetate or nitrate of iron adapted for dyeing and calico printing; red liquor, being a crude acetate of aluminum prepared from pyroligneous acid and adapted for dyeing and calico printing
55 cts. 10 p.c.
3 cts. 20 p.c.
Free
Free
5 cts.
Free
Free Free 10 p.c.
Free
				
30 p.c.	30 p.c.	30 p.c.	30 p.c.	30 p.c.5 cts.	10 cts.	3 cts.	3 cts.	5 cts.30 p.c.	35 p.c.	25 p.c.	30 p.c.	35 p.c.10 p.c.	10 p.c.	5 p.c.	10 p.c.	10 p.c.10 p.c.	10 p.c.	5 p.c.	10 p.c.	10 p.c.12§ cts.	15 cts.	10 cts.	12| cts.	15 cts.35 p.c.	35 p.c.10 cts.	121 cts.	15 cts.but,	not less than	35 p.c.15 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	Free	Free25 p.c.	35 p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.	35 p.c.32i p.c.	35 p.c.	22j p.c.	32£ p.c.	35 p.c.Free	Free	Free	Free	Free
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
Tariff
Item
British
Pref.
Tariff
203a
203b
206a
207 207a
208b
208d
£C8e £(f h
20 8 j
208k
208m
208n
208p
208q
208r
208s
Chemical compounds composed of two or more acids or salts
soluble in water, adapted for dyeing or tanning	
Aniline and coal tar dyes, soluble in water, in bulk or packages of
not less than one pound weight	
Dragon's blood; fuller's earth, in bulk only, not prepared for toilet or other purposes; litmus and all lichens, prepared or not prepared; musk, in pods or in grain; vaccine and ivory vaccine points; quassia juice; saffron, saffron cake, safflower, and extracts of; quinine, salts of; cochineal; ferment cultures
to be used in butter-making	
Bacteriological products or serum for sub-cutaneous injection...
Dried blood	
Blood albumen	
Boracic acid and borax in packages of not less than twenty-five pounds weight; hydro-fluosilicic acid; tannic acid; ammonia, sulphate of; cyanide of potassium; cyanide of sodium and cyanogen bromide; antimony salts, viz.: tartar emetic, chlorine and lactate (antimonine); arsenous oxide; precipitate of copper (crude); verdigris or sub-acetate of copper, dry; sulphur and brimstone, crude or in roll or flour: argols; iodine, crude; bromine; sulphide of arsenic; carbon bisulphide	
Bisulphate of soda or nitre cake	
Calcium chloride, not in solution, for road-treating purposes
only	
Xanthates, cresylie acid and compounds of cresylic acid, used
in the process of concentrating ores, metals or minerals.
Ethylene glycol, when imported by manufacturers of antifreezing compounds to be used exclusively in the manufacture of anti-freezing compounds, in their own factories	
Sal ammoniac and nitrate of ammonia	
Oxide of Cobalt	
Bichloride of tin and tin crystals	
Sulphate of copper (blue vitriol)	
Sulphate of Iron (copperas)	
Cream of Tartar in crystals and Tartaric Acid crystals	
Phosphorous and compounds thereof, n.o.p	
Oxalic Acid	
Oxide of Tin or of Copper	
Sulphate of zinc and chloride of zinc	
All chemicals and drugs, when of a kind not produced in Canada, which were on August 20, 1932, dutiable at rates of 15, 25, and 25 p.c., under Tariff Item 711	
Free
Free
Free Free 5 p.c. Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Inter- mediate Tariff	General Tariff	Present rates	British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	General Tariff10 p.o.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	FreeFree	Free	Free	Free	Free20 p.o.	20 p.c.	Free	Free	FreeP C.	10 p.c.	5 p.c.	7h p.c.	10 p.c.10 p.c.	10 p.c.	5 p.c.	7J p.c.	10 p.c.Free	Free	Free	Free	Free20 p.o.	20 p.c.	Free	Free	Free15 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	Free	Free15 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	Free	Free15 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	Free	Free25 p.o.	25 p.c.	Free	Free	Free10 p.o.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free20 p.c.	20 p.c.	Free	Free	Free20 p.c.	20 p.c.	Free	Free	Free15 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	Free	Free20 p.c.	20 p.c.	Free	Free	Free25 p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.	25 p.c.
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
209c
210d
211a
215
216 210b 216c
217a
219
219c
219d
230
232b
232c
232d
236
Potash, chlorate of, not further prepared than ground; potash, muriate and sulphate of, crude; saltpetre or nitrate of
potash	
Bichromate of potash, crude; red and yellow prussiate of potash Peroxide of soda; silicate of soda in crystals or in solution; bichromate of soda; nitrate of soda or cubic nitre; sulphide of sodium; nitrite of soda; arseniate, binarseniate, chlorate, bisulphite and stannate of soda; prussiate of soda and
sulphite of soda	
Sodium, sulphate of, crude, or salt cake	per pound
Alumina	
Chloride of aluminum, or chloralum	
Sulphate of alumina or alum cake; and alum in bulk, ground or
unground, but not calcined	
Stearic acid, n.o.p	
Acids, n.o.p., of a kind not produced in Canada	
Phosphoric acid	
Nitric acid, not including glass containers, when in packages
weighing not more than 100 pounds	
Sulphuric and muriatic acid, n.o.p...per one hundred pounds
Sulphuric and muriatic acids, not including glass containers, when in packages weighing not more than 100 pounds
per one hundred pounds
Acid phosphate, not medicinal	
Solutions of peroxides of hydrogen	
Non-alcoholic preparations or chemicals, such as are used for disinfecting, dipping or spraying, when in packages not exceeding three pounds each, in weight, the weight of such
packages to be included in the weight for duty	
Sulphuric ether and chloroform	
Soap, common or laundry	per one hundred pounds
Castile	soap,	the	weight	of	the	cartons and wrappings to beincluded	in	the	weight for duty	per	poundGlue, liquid, powdered or sheet, and gelatine, n.o.p	and	per	poundVegetable glue	Gelatine, edible	Mucilage, casein and adhesive paste	and	per	pound
Perfumery, including toilet preparations, non-alcoholic, viz., hair oils, tooth and other powders and washes, pomatums, pastes and all other perfumed preparations, n.o.p., used for
the hair, mouth or skin	
Surgical dressings, antiseptic or aseptic, including absorbent cotton, lint, lamb's wool, tow, jute, oakum, woven fabric of cotton weighing not more than seven and one-half pounds per one hundred square yards, whether imported singly or in combination one with another, but not stitched or otherwise manufactured; surgical trusses and suspensory bandages of all kinds; sanitary napkins, spinal braces and abdominal supports	
Free
Free
Free 4 ct. Free Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free 174 cts.
Free Free 15 p.c.
5 p.c. Free 50 cts.
Free 174 p,c. 2 cts.
10 p.c. 10 p.c. 174 P-c. 2 cts.
20 p.c.
124 P-C.
Free 15 p.c.
15 p.e.
| ct. Free 10 p.o.
15 p.e. 17$ p.c. 25 p.c. 25 p.c.
20 p.c. 22$ ets.
22J cts. 25 p.c. 22$ p.c.
25 p.c. 25 p.c. $1.50
2 cts. 25 p.c. 5 cts. 35 p.c. 35 p.c. 25 p.c. 2$ cts.
40 p.c.
25 p.c.
Free	Free	Free	Free15 p.c.	Free	Free	Free20 p.c.	Free	Free	Freef ct.	$ ct.	$ ct.	f ct.Free	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free15 p.c.	Free	10 p.c.	10 p.c.20 p.c.	12$ p.c.	17$ p.c.	20 p.c.25 p.c.	15 p.c.	20 p.c.	22$ p.c.25 p.c.	15 p.c.	20 p.c.	22$ p.c.22$ p.c.	15 p.c.	20 p.c.	22$ p.c.25 cts.	17$ cts.	22$ cts.	25 cts.25 cts.	17$ cts.	22$ cts.	25 cts.25 p.c.	12$ p.c.	17$ p.c.	20 p.c.25 p.c.	15 p.c.	22$ p.c.	25 p.c.25 p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.	25 p.c.25 p.c.	15 p.c.	22$ p.c.	25 p.c.$1.50	65 cts.	90 cts.	$1.002 cts.	1 ct.	1 ct.	2 cts.25 p.c.	17$ p.c.	25 p.c.	27$ p.c.5 cts.	2 cts.	2$ cts.	3 cts.35 p.c.	17$ p.c.	25 p.c.	27$ p.c.35 p.c.	17$ p.c.	25 p.c.	27$ p.c.27$ p.c.	17$ p.c.	25 p.c.	27$ p.c.3 cts.	2 cts.	2$ cts.	3 cts.40 p.c.	25 p.c.	32$ p.c.	32$ p.c.35 p.c.	12$ p.c.	17$ p.c.	20 p.c.
w
[Stage Direction]


Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
Tariff
Item
241
241a
249
293
296
296a
267b
276b
278
278b
278e
284a
Ultramarine blue, dry or in pulp; whiting or whitening; Paris
. white and gilders' whiting; blane fixe; satin white	
Litharge, when imported by manufacturers of electric storage batteries, for use exclusively in the manufacture of storage
battery plates, in their own factories	
Litharge, other than for battery purposes	
Dry red lead and orange mineral; zinc oxides such as zinc white
and lithopone	
Ochres, oehrey earths, siennas and umbers	
Varnishes, lacquers, japans, japan driers, liquid driers, and oil
finish, n.o.p	per gallon
and	
Putty of all kinds	
Gums, viz.:-Amber, Arabic, Australian, copal, damar, elerni, kaurie, mastic, sandarac, Senegal, tragacanth, gedda, and barberry; gum chicle or sappato gum, crude; lac, crude,
seed, button, stick and shell; ambergris; Pontianac	
Printing ink	
Rotogravure ink	
Essential oils, n.o.p., including bay oil, otto of limes, and peppermint oil	
Crude petroleum not in its natural state, -7290 specific gravity or heavier at 60 degrees temperature, when imported by oil
refiners to be refined in their own factories...per gallon
Cotton seed and crude cotton seed oil, when imported by manufacturers of cotton seed meal and refined cotton seed oil, for use exclusively in the manufacture of such commodities,
in their own factories	
Palm and palm kernel oil, unbleached or bleached, not edible;
shea butter	
Oils, viz.: Cocoanut, palm and palm kernel, not edible, for manufacturing soap; carbolic or heavy oil; olive oil for
manufacturing soap or tobacco, or for canning fish	
Crude Peanut Oil, for refining for edible purposes, used as
materials in Canadian manufactures	
Cocoanut oil, not edible, when imported for use in the manufacture of refined cocoanut oil	
Earthenware tiles, for roofing purposes	
Tableware of china, porcelain, semi-porcelain, white granite or ironstone	
	Inter- mediate Tariff		Present rates		
Pref. Tariff	General Tariff	British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	General TariffFree	10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	FreeFree Free	Free 15 p.c.	Free 15 p.c.	Free Free	Free Free	Free FreeFree 3 p.c.	13 p.c. 13 p.c.	13 p.c. 13 p.c.	Free 10 p.c.	3 p.c. 12§ p.c.	3 p.c. 13 p.c.20 cts. 19 p.c. 174 p.c.	20 cts. 23 p.c. 27* p.c.	20 cts. 30 p.c. 274 p.c.	20 cts. 13 p.c. 17^ p.c.	20 cts. 20 p.c. 224 p.c.	20 cts. 22£ p.c. 23 p.c.Free 12-j p.c. 124 p.c.	19 p.c. 174 p.c. 174 p.c.	15 p.c. 23 p.c. 20 p.c.	Free 124 p.c. 124 p.c.	Free 174 p.c. 174 p.c.	Free 20 p.c. 20 p.c.Free	74 p.c.	7| p.c.	9 p.c.	74 p.c.	74 p.c.1 ct.	11 cts.	I5 cts.	TO	TO	£ ct.Free	10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	FreeFree	10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	FreeFree	10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	FreeFree	10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	FreeFree Free	10 p.c. 32£ p.c.	10 p.c. 35 p.c.	Free 25 p.c.	Free 325 p.c.	Free 35 p.c.Free	35 p.c.	35 p.c.	Free	274 p.c.	30 p.c.
co
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
53719-10	REVISED EDITION
288 289	Earthenware and stoneware, brown or coloured and Rockingham ware; "C.C." or cream-coloured ware, decorated printed or sponged; and all earthenware, n.o.p	 Baths, bathtubs, basins, closets, lavatories, urinals, sinks and laundry tubs of earthenware, stone, cement, clay or other material, n.o.p		25 p.e. 20 p.e. Free
300	Crucibles of clay, sand or plumbago		
312	Asbestos in any form other than crude, and all manufactures	
	thereof, n.o.p		15 p.e.
312a	Asbestos in any form other than crude, and all manufactures	
318	thereof, when made from crude asbestos of Empire origin. .	Free
	Common and colourless window glass			
319	Glass, in sheets, and bent plate glass, n.o.p		Free
320	Plate glass, not bevelled, in sheets or panes not exceeding seven	
321	square feet each, n.o.p		Free
	Plate glass, not bevelled, in sheets or panes exceeding seven square feet each, and not exceeding twenty-five square feet	
	each, n.o.p		Free 20 p.e. 10 p.e.
322	Plate glass, n.o.p		
339a	Lead capsules for bottles		
340	Type for printing, including chases, quoins and slugs, of all kinds	7^ p.e.341	Babbit metal and type metal, in blocks, bars, plates and sheets.	10 p.e.348d	Copper in bars or rods, when imported by manufacturers of trolley, telegraph and telephone wires, electric wires and electric cables, for use only in the manufacture of such arti-	cles in their own factories	Free349	Brass in bars and rods, in coil or otherwise, not less than six feet in length, and brass in strips, sheets or plates, not polished,	planished or coated	5 p.e.350	Wire of all metals and kinds, n.o.p	10 p.e.352c	Coin locks of which solid brass or bronze are the components of	chief value, plain, polished or plated	15 p.e.353	Aluminum and alloys thereof, crude or semi-fabricated, viz.: Pigs, ingots, blocks, notch bars, slabs, billets and blooms; scrap; bars, rods and wire; angles, channels, beams, tees, and other rolled or drawn sections and shapes; pipes and tubes; plates, sheets and strips, including circles; leaf or foil, less than -005 inch in thickness, plain or embossed, with or without backing; wire and cable, twisted or stranded, rein-	forced with steel or not; aluminum powder	Free354	Manufactures of aluminum, n.o.p	15 p.e.354a	Kitchen or household holloware of aluminum, n.o.p	20 p.e.354b	Kitchen or household holloware of nickel, n.o.p	20 p.e.3 55	Nickel in ingots or blocks, n.o.p.; nickel bars and rods, not including bars or rods depolarized or otherwise processed	1	for use as anodes; and nickel in strips, sheets or plates	Free 135 p.c.	35 p.c.	25 p.c.	30 p.c.	35 p.e.35 p.c.	35 p.c.	20 p.c.	30 p.c.	35 p.c.15 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	Free	Free22* p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	22* p.c.	25 p.c.22} p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	22* p.c.	25 p.c.15 p.c	15 p.c.	7} p.e.	12* p.c.	12} p.c.25 p.c.	25 p.c.	17} p.c.	22* p.c.	25 p.c.25 p.c.	25 p.c.	7} p.c.	10 p.c.	10 p.c.25 p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.	27} p.c.30 p.c.	35 p.c.	22* p.c.	30 p.c.	35 p.c.27} p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	27* p.c.	30 p.c.17} p.c.	20 p.c.	12} p.c.	17* p.c.	20 p.c.20 p.c.	20 p.c.	10 p.c.	15 p.c.	15 p.c.10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	15 p.c.	5 p.c.	7* p.c.	10 p.c.30 p.c.	35 p.c.	15 p.c.	17* p.c.	20 p.c.35 p.c.	40 p.c.	30 p.c. 20 p.c.	37* p.c. 27* p.c.	45 p.c. 30 p.c.30 p.c.	30 p.c.	15 p.c. 20 p.c. Free 15 p.c. 15 p.c. 15 p.c.	17* p.c. 27* p.c. Free 22* p.c. 27* p.c. 25 p.c.	20 p.c. 30 p.c. Free 25 p.c. 27} p.c. 25 p.c.30 p.c.	30 p.c.	15 p.c.	22* p.c.	25 p.c.30 p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	27* p.c.	30 p.c.27} p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	27* p.c.	30 p.c.Free	Free i	Free	Free	Free
Impend Conference-Customs Tariff
British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	Present rates	T ariff Item	General Tariff	British Pref. Tariff	mediate Tariff	General Tariff356	Britannia metal in pigs, blocks or bars; nickel silver and German silver, in ingots or blocks, n.o.p	Free	Free	Free	Free	Free	Free361	Gold and silver leaf; Dutch or schlag metal leaf; brocade and bronze powders	15 p.c.	30 p.c.	30 p.c.	15 p.c.	27$ p.c.	27$ p.c.370	Rollers, copper, adapted for use in calico printing	Free	10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free377c	Ingots, cogged ingots, blooms, slabs, billets, n.o.p., of iron or steel, of a class or kind not made in Canada, when imported by manufacturers of forgings for use exclusively in the manufacture of forgings, in their own factories, under regulations prescribed by the Minister	per ton	Free	$3.00	$3.00	Free	$2.25	$2.50378	Bars and rods, of iron or steel; billets, of iron or steel, weighing less than 60 pounds per lineal yard:- (d.) Hot rolled, valued at not less than 4 cents per pound, n.o.p	Free	12$ p.c.	15 p.c.	5 p.c.	12$ p.c.	15 p.c.379	(e) Bars of iron or steel, hot rolled, 5 inches in diameter and larger, when imported by manufacturers of polished shafting for use in their own factories	per ton	Free	$7.00	$7.00	$4.25	$7.00	$7.00379	(f) Sash or casement sections of iron or steel, hot or cold rolled, not punched, drilled nor further manufactured, when imported by manufacturers of metal window frames, for use in their own factories	per ton	Free	$7.00	$7.00	(a)$4.25	$7.00	$7.00380	Plates of iron or steel, hot or cold rolled:- (a) Not more than 66 inches in width, n.o.p	per ton	$4.25	$8.00	$8.00	(c)15 p.c. $4.25	25 p.c. $6.00	30 p.c. $7.00(b) More than 66 inches in width, n.o.p	per ton	Free	$6.00	$6.00	Free	$3.00	$5.00(c) Flanged, dished or curved, n.o.p	10 p.c.	25 p.c.	30 p.c.	10 p.c.	25 p.c.	30 p.c.381	Sheets, of iron or steel, hot or cold rolled:- (a) -080 inch or less in thickness, n.o.p	7$ p.c..	20 p.c.	20 p.c.	7$ p.c.	12$ p.c.	12$ p.c.382	Hoop, band or strip, of iron or steel: (a) Hot rolled, -080 inch or less in thickness, n.o.p	7$ p.c.	15 p.c.	15 p.c.	7$ P-c.	12$ p.c.	12$ p.c.(b) Hot rolled, more than -080 inch in thickness, n.o.p.per ton	$4.00	$8.00	$8.00	$4.25	$6.00	$ /. 00(c) Cold rolled or cold drawn, -080 inch or less in thickness, n.o.p	7$ P-c.	20 p.c.	20 p.c.	7$ p.c.	121 p.c.	15 p.c.383	Sheets, plates, hoop, band or strip, of iron or steel: (a) Coated with tin, of a class or kind not made in Canada,	Free	15 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	5 p.c.	5 p.c.(b ) Coated with tin, n.o.p	Free	20 p.c.	20 p.c.	7$ p.c.	12$ p.c.	15 p.c.(c) Coated with zinc, n.o.p	7$ p.c.	20 p.c.	20 p.c.	1 7* p.c.	12$ p.c.	15 p.c.3S5	Sheets, plates, hoop, band or strip, of iron or steel, hot rolled, valued at not less than five cents per pound, n.o.p	5 p.c.	12| p.c.	15 p.c.	5 p.c.	12$ p.c.	15 p.c.385a	Sheets, plates, hoop, band or strip, of rust, acid or heat resisting steels, hot rolled, valued at not less than five cents per pound	Free	20 p.c.	20 p.c.	1 5 p.c.	12$ p.c.	15 p.c.
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff

[Stage Direction]
388b
388e
392a
394
Sheets, plates, hoop, band or strip, of iron or steel, as hereunder denned, under regulations prescribed by the Minister:- fa) Plates, when imported by manufacturers for use exclusively m the manufacture or repair of the pressure parts of boilers, pulp digesters, steam accumulators and vessels for the refining of oil, in their own factories.per ton (m) (i) Sheets of iron or steel, cold rolled, when imported by manufacturers for use exclusively in the manufacture of
sheets coated with tin	
(ii) Sheets, hoop, band or strip, of iron or steel, hot rolled, when imported by manufacturers for use exclusively in the manufacture of sheets, hoop, band or strip, coated with zinc or other metal or metals, not including tin, in their own factories	
Cp) Sheets of iron or steel, hot or cold rolled, with silicon content of -075 p.c. or more, when imported by manufacturers of electrical apparatus, for use in the manufacture of electrical
apparatus in their own factories	
(q) Hoop steel, hot or cold rolled, plain or coated, -064 inch or less in thickness, not more than three inches in width, when imported by manufacturers of barrels or kegs or by manufacturers of flat hoops for barrels and kegs, for use exclusively
in their own factories	
Railway rails, of iron or steel, of any weight or for any purpose, punched, drilled or not, n.o.p	per ton
Steel grooved (or girder) rails for electric tramway use, weighing not less than 75 pounds per lineal yard, punched, drilled, or
not, of shapes and lengths not made in Canada	per ton
Iron or steel angles, beams, channels, columns, girders, joists, piling, tees, zees and other shapes or sections, not punched, drilled or further manufactured than hot rolled, weighing
not less than 35 pounds per lineal yard, n.o.p....per ton
Iron or steel angles, beams, channels, columns, girders, joists, piling, tees, zees, and other shapes or sections, not punched, drilled or further manufactured than hot rolled, n.o.p. per ton Iron or steel side or centre sill sections, of all sizes not manufactured in Canada, weighing not less than 35 pounds per lineal yard, not punched, drilled or further manufactured, when imported by manufacturers of railway cars, for use in
in their own factories	per ton
Forgings of iron or steel, in any degree of manufacture, hollow,
not less than 12 inches in internal diameter	
Tires, of steel, in the rough, not drilled or machined in any manner, for railway vehicles, including locomotives and
tenders	
Axles and axle bars, n.o.p., and axle blanks, and parts thereoif, of iron or steel:
(a)	For railway vehicles, including locomotives and tenders
Free
Free
5 p.c.
Free
Free
84.50
Free
Free
[Stage Direction]
Free
Free
Free
10 p.c.
$5.00 15 p.c.
20 p.c.
121 p.c.
12J P-c. $0.00
[Stage Direction]
$3.00 30 p.c.
10 p.c.
271 p.c.
			
$5.00	; Free	Free	Free15 p.c.	5 p.c.	7} p.c.	10 p.c.20 p.c.	5 p.c.	71 p.c.	10 p.c.121 p.c.	71 p.c.	121 P-c.	121 P-c.121 P.c. $7.00	71 p.c. $4.50	121 P.c. $6.00	121 P-c. $7.00$7.00	$4.50	$6.00	$7.00$3.00	$1.00	$2.75	$3.00$7.00	$4.25	$7.00	$7.00$3.00 30 p.c.	$1.00 20 p.c.	$2.75 271 P-c.	$3.00 30 p.c.10 p.c.	Free	5 p.c.	71 p.c.30 p.c.	20 p.c.	271 p.c.	30 p.c.
q
[Stage Direction]
pa
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
Tariff
Item
400
407a
409 4101
410n
410o
412a
Wire, of iron or steel:
(a)	Barbed fencing, coated or not	
(b)	Twisted, braided or stranded, including wire rope or
cable, coated or not, n.o.p	
(c)	Drawn flat or cold rolled flat after drawing, coated or
not, n.o.p., not more than -25 inch in width and less than *1875 inch in thickness	*.* * * *;..
(d)	Coated with zinc or spelter, curved or not, in coils, -144,
*104, or -092 inch in diameter, with tolerance not to exceed -004 inch, and not for use in telegraph or telephone lines	
(e)	Coated with zinc or spelter, n.o.p	
(f)	Single or several, coated, n.o.p., or covered with any
material, including cable so covered	
(a)	N.o.p	;	;*[DOT]**:	
Coil chain, coil chain links, including repair links, and chain
shackles, of iron or steel:-
(b)	Less than one and one-eighth inches in diameter	
Chains, of iron or steel, n.o.p	
Malleable sprocket chain and link belting chain, of iron or steel
including roller chain of all kinds for operating on steel sprockets or gears, when imported by manufacturers of agricultural implements for use exclusively in the manufacture of agricultural implements, in their own factories,
under regulations prescribed by the Minister._	
Cream separators and complete parts therefor, including steel
bowls	_[DOT]
Ore crushers, rock crushers, stamp mills, grinding mills, rock drills, percussion coal cutters, coal augers, rotary coal drills, n.o.p., and complete parts of all the foregmng, for use exclusively in mining, metallurgical or quarrying operations	
Diamond drills and core drills, not including motive power, electrically operated rotary coal drills, and coal cutting machines, n.o.p., and integral parts of the foregoing, for
use exclusively in mining operations	
Coal heading machines: electric or magnetic machines for concentrating or separating iron ores; automatic scales for use with conveyors; and integral parts of all the foregoing, for use exclusively in mining or metallurgical operations.... Machinery and apparatus, n.o.p., viz.: gun and mould apparatus for making press rollers; machine? and apparatus for making electrotypes and stereotypes, engraving machines, photo-
British
Pref.
Tariff
Free 15 p.c.
7J p.c.
Free 10 p.c.
15 p.c. 15 p.c.
15 p.c. 20 p.c.
Free
Free
71 p.c.
Free
Free
Inter- mediate Tariff		Present rates		
General Tariff	British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	General Tariff10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free25 p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	22\ p.c.	25 p.c.20 p.c.	20 p.c.	p.c.	13 p.c.	20 p.c.10 p.c. 20 p.c.	10 p.c. 20 p.c.	Free 10 p.c.	Free m p.c.	Free 20 p.c.30 p.c. 20 p.c.	30 p.c. 20 p.c.	15 p.c. 15 p.c.	25 p.c. m p.c.	30 p.c. 20 p.c.23 p.c. 30 p.c.	25 p.c. 35 p.c.	15 p.c. 20 p.c.	20 p.c. 27| p.c.	20 p.c. 30 p.c.10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free23 p.c.	23 p.c.	Free	Free	Free20 p.c.	25 p.c.	10 p.c.	15 p.c.	20 p.c.10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	10 p.c.	10 p.c.Free	Free	Free	Free	Free
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
412b
412d
422a
422b
427b
427c
428b
engraving apparatus, machines for graining metal plates, machines for sensitizing metal plates, machines and apparatus for transferring by photographic processes to plates or rolls for use in lithography, rotogravure and printing, machines for addressing and wrapping newspapers, magazines, periodicals, pamphlets and catalogues, and machines for embossing, book-binding, bronzing, creasing, scoring, cutting^ perforating, punching, gathering, gumming, pasting, jogging, numbering, patching, slitting, rewinding, ruling, sheet-piling, stitching, stripping or varnishing, when for use exclusively by printers, bookbinders, manufacturers of stereotypes, electrotypes and printing plates or rolls, papar converters, and by manufacturers of articles made from paper or cardboard; and complete parts of all the foregoing
not to include saws, knives, and motive power	
Flat bed cylinder printing presses, to print sheets of a size 25 by 38 inches or larger, and complete parts thereof; machines designed to fold or sheet-feed paper or cardboard, and
complete parts thereof	
Offset presses; lithographic presses; printing presses and typemaking accessories therefor, n.o.p	
Typewriters and complete parts thereof	
Concrete road-paving machines, self-propelling, end loading type, with a capacity of 21 cubic feet of wet. concrete or more; concrete and asphalt road finishing machines; form graders; sub-graders; back filling machines and equipment, mounted on self-propelling wheels or crawding traction, semi- or full-revolving boom and scraper type; steam or air driven pile hammers or extractors; well-points; truck turntables; all the foregoing of a class or kind not made in
Canada, and complete parts thereof	
Trench and ditch excavating machines, round wheel or vertical or ladder boom, chain and bucket type, for digging vertical
or sloping bank ditches	
Ball and roller bearings	
Machinery, viz: Power churns, power milk coolers, power fillers and cappers, power ice-cream mixers, power butter printers, power cream savers, power bottle sterilizers, power brine tanks, power milk bottle washers, power milk can washers; ice-breaking machines, valveless or centrifugal milk pumps, sanitary milk and cream vats; none of the foregoing machinery to include motive power	
Engines for motor trucks or motor buses, when of 100 H.P. or
more	
Cutlery of iron or steel, plated or not:
(b)	Table knives and table forks	
(c)	Pen knives, jack-knives and pocket knives of all kinds..
(d)	Knives, n.o.p	
(e)	Spoons	
(f ) Scissors and shears, n.o.p	
(g)	Razors and razor blades	
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free 5 p.c.
Free
Free
15 p.c.
Free
Free
15 p.c.
Free
Free
5 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	5 p.c.10 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	5 p.c.10 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	5 p.c.25 p.c.	25 p.c.	10 p.c.	20 p.c.10 p.c.	12$ p.c.	Free	10 p.c.10 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	10 p.c.27$ p.c.	35 p.c.	15 p.c.	27$ p.c.27$ p.c.	35 p.c.	15 p.c.	27$ p.c.25 p.c.	27$ p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.30 p.c.	35 p.c.	20 p.c.	27$ p.c.30 p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	27$ p.c.30 p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	27$ p.c.30 p.c.	35 p.c.	20 p.c.	27$ p.c.30 p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	27$ p.c.30 p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	27$ p.c.
10 p.c.
10 p.c.
10 p.c. 25 p.c.
12$ p.c.
12$ p.c. 35 p.c.
35 p.c.
27$ p.c.
30 p.c. 30 p.c. 30 p.c. 30 p.c. 30 p.c. 30 p.c.
[Stage Direction]
o
[Stage Direction]
o
a
a
a
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	Present rates	Tariff Item	General Tariff	British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	General Tariff431b	Adzes, anvils, vises, cleavers, hatchets, saws, augers, bits, drills, files, rasps, screw-drivers, planes, spokeshaves, chisels, mallets, metal wedges, wrenches, sledges, hammers, crowbars, cantdogs, and track tools, picks, mattocks and eyes or	10 p.c.	35 p.c.	35 p.c.	15 p.c.	27$ p.c.	30 p.c.438a	Automobiles for conveying passengers only, n.o.p., valued at retail at place of production, when new, with standard equipment complete, at more than twelve hundred dollars each but not more than twenty-one hundred dollars each;	Free	22$ p.c.	30 p.c.	15 p.c.	22$ p.c.	30 p.c.438b	Automobiles for conveying passengers only, n.o.p., valued at retail at place of production, when new, with standard equipment complete at not more than twelve hundred dollars each; motor cars or motor trucks (not for railways or tramways) for carrying goods only; chassis for motor	Free	17$ p.c.	20 p.c.	12$ p.c.	17$ p.c.	20 p.c.438c	Automobiles and motor vehicles of all kinds, n.o.p.; chassis	Free	30 p.c.	40 p.c.	15 p.c.	30 p.c.	40 p.c.438d	Horns, distributors, instrument board lamps, oil gauges, gasoline gauges, thermostats, oil filters, carburetors, purifiers for oil, purifiers for air, annular ball bearings and parts thereof, lock washers, speedometers and parts thereof, vacuum tanks, composite gaskets of copper and asbsetos, steering wheels and rims therefor, one piece welded axle housings, machined or not, instrument bezel assemblies, dash heat indicators, electric ignition locks, cylinder lock barrels and keys, bearing spring shackles and automatic radiator shutter assemblies, ameters, radiator shells, body cowls, and body stampings of metal, including front, rear, side and door stampings, not further manufactured than welded or riveted for shipping purposes, all of a class or kind not made in Canada, when imported by manufacturers of goods enumerated in tariff items 438a, 438b, 438c, 438e and 43Sf for use only as original equipment in the manufacture of motor vehicles enumerated in Tariff Items 438a, 438b 438e and 438f 	Free	Free	Free	Free	Free	Free438e	Tops, wheels and bodies, n.o.p., for motor vehicles enumerated in Tariff Ttema 4SRn 428h 438c and 43Sf	20 p.c.	27J p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	27$ p.c.	30 p.c.438f 438g 440j	Motor omnibuses, for conveying passengers only, having seating capacity for not less than 10 persons; chassis for same	15 p.c. Free	30 p.c. 20 p.c.	40 p.c. 30 p.c.	15 p.c. 12$ p.c.	30 p.c. 17$ p.c.	40 p.c. 20 p.c.Trawls, trawling spoons, fly hooks, sinkers, swivels, sportsmen's fishing reels, bait hooks, and fishing tackle, n.o.p...	Free	1 25 p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	25 p.c.	30 p.c.
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
44 le 445c
445d
445m
446b
446c
446d
446e
476a
522
522c
522d
Guns, rifles, including air guns and air rifles not being toys; muskets, cannons, pistols, revolvers, or other firearms, n.o.p.; cartridge cases, cartridges, primers, percussion caps, wads or other ammunition, n.o.p.; bayonets, swords, fencing foils and masks; gun or pistol covers or cases, game
bags, loading tools and cartridge belts of any material...
Guns and rifles of a class or kind not made in Canada	
Electric telegraph or telephone apparatus and complete parts
thereof	
Electric wireless or radio apparatus and complete parts thereof. Electric storage batteries, composed of plates measuring not less than eleven inches by fourteen inches and not less than threequarters inch in thickness; complete parts thereof	
Flame proof electric switch gear, for use underground in coal
mines	
Electric steam turbo generator sets, 700 H.P. and greater, of a class or kind not made in Canada, and complete parts thereof
Steel bicycle rims, not enamelled nor plated	
Golf shafts of seamless steel, coated or not, but not chromium
plated	
Bottles or cylinders of seamless steel used as high-pressure containers for gas	
Steel balls not larger than three-eighths inch in diameter, commonly known as "burnishing balls"	
Surgical and dental instruments of any material; surgical needles; X-ray apparatus; microscopes valued at not less than $50.
each, by retail; and complete parts of all the foregoing..
Glassw'are and other scientific apparatus for laboratory work in public hospitals; surgical operating tables; apparatus for sterilizing purposes, including bedpan washers and sterilizers but not including washing or laundry machines; all for the use of any public hospital, under regulations prescribed by the
Minister	
Nitrate and acetate of lead, not ground; platinum and black oxide of copper, for use in the manufacture of chlorates and
colours	
Rovings, yams and warps wholly of cotton, not more advanced
than singles, n.o.p	per pound
and	
Rovings, yarns and warps wholly of cotton, including threads, cords and twines generally used for sewing, stitching, packaging and other purposes, n.o.p.; cotton yarns, wholly or partially covered with metallic strip, generally known as
tinsel thread	per pound
and	
Yams and warps w'holly of cotton, mercerised, number forty and finer, imported by manufacturers to be further manufactured in their own factories	
10 p.c. 5 p.c.
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
10 p.c.
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
124 P-c. 2 cts.
15 p.c. 2 cts.
Free
27* p.c. 27* p.c.	30 p.c. 30 p.c.	10 p.c. 10 p.c.	27* p.c. 27* p.c.25 p.c. 25 p.c.	30 p.c. 30 p.c.	15 p.c. 15 p.c.	25 p.c. 25 p.c.25 p.c.	27* p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.20 p.c.	30 p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.20 p.c. 27* p.c.	25 p.c. 35 p.c.	Free 15 p.c.	15 p.c. 27* p.c.35 p.c.	35 p.c.	15 p.c.	27* p.c.25 p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	27* p.c.7* p.c.	10 p.c.	15 p.c.	27* p.c.10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	FreeFree	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free15 p.c. 31 cts.	22* p.c. 4 cts.	12* p.c. 3 cts.	15 p.c. 3* cts.22* p.c. 3* cts.	25 p.c. 4 cts.	15 p.c. 3 cts.	22* p.c. 3* cts.25 p.c.	25 p.c.	Free	Free
30 p.c. 30 p.c.
271 p.c. 27* p.c.
27| p.c.
30 p.c.
20 p.c. 35 p.c.
35 p.c.
35 p.c.
35 p.c.
Free
Free
Free
22* p.c. 4 cts.
25 p.c. 4 cts.
Free
[Stage Direction]
§
[Stage Direction]


Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
Tariff Item	British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	General Tariff	Present rates	British Pref. Tariff	Inter- mediate Tariff	General Tariff5221	Yarns and warps wholly of cotton, number forty and finer, when	imported by manufacturers of mercerised cotton yarns, for	use exclusively in the manufacture of mercerised cotton	yarns, in their own factories	Until	Dec. 31,	1933:	121 P-c.	15 p.c.	22$ p.c.Free	Free	Free	Thereafter:	and per pound	Free	15 p.c.	15 p.c.	3 cts.	3$ cts.	4 cts.523	Woven fabrics, wholly of cotton, not bleached, mercerised, nor	coloured, n.o.p., and cotton seamless bags	171 p.c.	20 p.c.	25 p.c.	171 P-c.	20 p.c.	25 p.c.and	per pound	2 cts.	3$ cts.	4 cts.	3 cts.	3$ cts.	4 cts.523a	Woven fabrics, wholly of cotton, bleached or mercerised, not	coloured, n.o.p	20 p.c.	22$ p.c.	271 P-o.	20 p.c.	221 P-c.	271 P-c.and	per pound	2 cts.	31 cts.	4 cts.	3 cts.	3$ cts.	4 cts.523b	Woven fabrics* wholly of cotton, printed, dyed or coloured,	221 p.c.	271 P-c.	32$ p.c.	221 P-c.	271 P-c.	32$ p.c.and	per pound	2 cts.	31 cts.	4 cts.	3 cts.	3$ cts.	4 cts.323 c	Woven fabrics wholly of cotton, composed of yarns of counts of	100 or more, including all such fabrics in which the average	of the count of warp and weft yams is 100 or more	Free	271 P-c.	321 p.c.	17$ p.c.	20 p.c.	25 p.c.31 cts.	3$ cts.	and	20 p.c.	221 p.c.	271 P-c.3 cts.	3$ cts.	4 cts.and	22$ p.c.	271 P-c.	321 p.c.3 cts.	3$ cts.	4 cts.323e	Woven fabrics wholly of cotton with cut pile, n.o.p	13 p.c.	271 P-c.	321 p.c.	221 P-c.	271 P-c.	321 p.c.31 cts.	31 cts.	S23f	Woven fabrics of cotton, not coloured, when imported by manu	facturers of typewriter ribbon for use exclusively in the	manufacture of such ribbon in their own factories	Free	121 p.c.	15 p.c.	10 p.c.	121 P-c.	15 p.c.524	Seamless cotton duck in circular form, of a class or kind not	made in Canada, for use in the manufacture of hose pipe	Free	10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free528	White cotton bobinet, plain, in the web	Free	25 p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	221 P-c.	25 p.c.529	Embroideries, lace, nets, nettings, bobinet, n.o.p., fringes and	tassels, wholly of cotton	20 p.c.	27$ p.c.	30 p.c.	20 p.c.	271 P-c.	30 p.c.and	per pound	2 cts.	31 cts.	4 cts.	3 cts.	3$ cts.	4 cts.532	Clothing, wearing apparel and articles, made from woven fabrics	and all textile manufactures, wholly or partially manufac-	tured, composed wholly of cotton, n.o.p.; fabrics wholly of	cotton, coated or impregnated, n.o.p	25 p.c.	30 p.c.	35 p.c.	25 p.c.	30 p.c.	35 p.c.and	per pound	2 cts.	31 cts.	4 cts.	3 cts.	31 cts.	4 cts.
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
537b
541a
551a
551c
553
Linen thread, for hand and machine sewing	
(a)	Woven fabrics, in the web, wholly of flax or hemp, not
to include towelling and glass cloth of crash or buck, with or without lettering or monograms woven in, nor table cloths and napkins of crash with coloured borders and	per pound
(b)	Articles wholly of flax or hemp, such as sheets, pillow cases, taole cloths and napkins, towels and handkerchiefs, but not to include towels or glass cloths of crash or huck, with or without lettering or monograms woven in, nor table cloths and napkins of crash with coloured
borders	
and	per pound
(c)	Towelling and glass cloth of crash or huck, with or without lettering or monograms woven in, table cloths and napkins of crash with coloured borders, in the web, wholly of flax or hemp; woven fabrics, in the web, composed in part of flax or hemp, not containing silk, artificial
silk nor wool	
and	per pound
(d)	Towels and glass cloths of crash or huck, with or without lettering or monograms woven in, table cloths and napkins of crash with coloured borders, wholly or in part of flax or hemp, not containing silk, artificial silk
nor wool	
and	per pound
Woven fabrics, wholly of jute, n.o.p	
Yams, composed wholly or in part of wool or hair but not containing silk or artificial silk, n.o.p	
and	per pound
Yams and warps composed wholly or in part of wool or hair, imported by manufacturers for use exclusively in their own
factories, n.o.p	
and	per pound
Yams and warps	composed wholly of hair, imported	by manufacturers for use in their own factories	
and	per pound
Felt, pressed, of all kinds, in the web, not consisting of or in combination with any woven, knitted or other fabric or
material	
and	per pound
Blankets of any material, not to include automobile rugs, steamer
rugs, or similar articles	
and	per pound
Woven fabrics,	composed	-wholly	or	in	chief	part	by	weight ofyarns of wool	or	hair,	not exceeding in	weight six	ounces to
the square yard, n.o.p., when imported in the gray or unfinished condition, for the purpose of being dyed or finished
in Canada	
and	per pound
Free
Free
Free
25 p.c. 3 cts.
25 p.c. 3 cts. Free
15 p.c.
Hi cts.
10 p.c. 7\ cts.
Free
15 p.c. 7§ cts.
22\ p.c, 10 cts.
20 p.c. 9J cts.
22* p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	22} p.c.	25 p.c.30 p.c. 3* cts.	35 p.c. 4 cts.	15 p.c. 20 p.c.	25 p.c. 30 p.c.	27} p.c. 32} p.c.22} p.c. and 3 cts.	30 p.c. 3} cts.	32} p.c. 4 cts. per lb30 p.c. 3* cts.	35 p.c. 4 cts.	25 p.c. 3 cts.	30 p.c. 3} cts.	35 p.c. 4 cts.30 p.c. 3* cts.	35 p.c. 4 cts.	22} p.c. 3 cts.	30 p.c. 3} cts.	32} p.c. 4 cts.30 p.c. 3* cts. 22* p.c.	35 p.c. 4 cts. 25 p.c.	25 p.c. 3 cts. 15 p.c.	30 p.c. 3} cts. 22} p.c.	35 p.c. 4 cts. 25 p.c.20 p.c. 20 cts.	22} p.c. 22} cts.	15 p.c. 15 cts.	20 p.c. 20 cts.	22} p.c. 22} cts.17* P.c. 15 cts.	20 p.c. 17} cts.	10 p.c. 10 cts.	17} p.c. 15 cts.	20 p.c. 17} cts.17* p.c. 15 cts.	20 p.c. 17} cts.	10 p.c. 10 cts.	17} p.c. 15 cts.	20 p.c. 17} cts.22* p.c. 17* cts.	25 p.c. 20 cts.	15 p.c. 10 cts.	22} p.c. 17} cts.	25 p.c. 20 cts.30 p.c. 25 cts.	35 p.c. 30 cts.	22} p.c. 20 cts.	30 p.c. 25 cts.	35 p.c. 30 cts.25 p.c. 17* cts.	30 p.c. 20 cts.	20 p.c. 12} cts.	25 p.c. 17} cts.	30 p.c. 20 cts.
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
Tariff
Item
British
Pref.
Tariff
554a
554b
554c
554o
554f
568a
568b
568c
584
584b
598
598a
Woven fabrics, consisting of cotton warp3 with wefts of lustre wool, mohair or alpaca, generally known as lustres or Italian
linings, n.o.p	
Woven fabrics, composed wholly or in part of yarns of wool or
hair, n.o.p	
and 	per pound
Woven fabrics, composed wholly or in chief part by weight of yarns of wool or hair, not exceeding in weight four ounces to the square yard, when imported in the gray or unfinished condition, for the purpose of being dyed or finished in Canada	
and 	per pound
Woven fabrics, composed wholly or in part of yarns of wool or hair, weighing not less than eighteen ounces per square yard
and	_	per pound
Woven fabrics, composed wholly or in part of yarns of wool or
hair, commonly known as billiard cloth	
and	per pound
Clothing, wearing apparel and articles made from woven fabrics, and all textile manufactures, wholly or partially manufactured , composed wholly or in part of wool or similar animal fibres, but of which the component of chief value is not silk nor artificial silk, n.o.p.; fabrics, coated or impregnated, composed wholly or in part of yarns of wool or hair, but not
containing silk nor artificial silk, n.o.p	
and	per pound
Socks and stockings of all kinds	
and	per each one dozen pairs
Gloves and mitts of all kinds, n.o.p	
Women's dress gloves of kid, elbow length	
Turkish or imitation Turkish or other floor rugs or carpets, and
carpets, n.o.p	
and	per square foot
Bone pitch, crude only; and resin or rosin in packages of not less
than one hundred pounds	
Asphalt or asphaltum, solid	
Coal, anthracite, n.o.p	per ton
Brass band instruments, n.o.p.; parts of pianofortes and parts
of organs	
Brass band instruments, of a class or kind not made in Canada;
bagpipes	
Hides and skins, raw, whether dry, salted or pickled; and raw pelts	
Free
27? p.c. 181 cts.
Free
25 p.c. 20 cts.
Free
30 p.c. 181 cts. 30 p.c. 75 cts. 25 p.c. Free
30 p.c. 5 cts.
Free
Free
Free
15 p.c.
Free
Free
	Inter- mediate Tariff		Present rates		
General Tariff	British Pref. Tariff	In ter-mediate Tariff	General Tariff20 p.c.	25 p.c.	10 p.c.	20 p.c.	25 p.c.35 p.c. 30 cts.	40 p.c. 35 cts.	27* p.c. 25 cts.	35 p.c. 30 cts.	40 p.c. 35 cts.25 p.c. 17* cts.	30 p.c. 20 cts.	20 p.c. 12* cts.	25 p.c. 17J cts.	30 p.c. 20 cts.35 p.c. 30 cts.	40 p.c. 35 cts.	27* p.c. 25 cts.	35 p.c. 30 cts.	40 p.c. 35 cts.35 p.c. 30 cts.	40 p.c. 35 cts.	27* p.c. 25 cts.	35 p.c. 30 cts.	40 p.c. 35 cts.40 p.c. 32J cts. 32} p.c. SI. 35 25 p.c. 35 p.c.	40 p.c. 35 cts. 35 p.c. SI. 50 45 p.c. 45 p.c.	30 p.c. 25 cts. 30 p.c. $1.00 25 p.c. 25 p.c.	40 p.c. 32J cts. 32i p.c. $1.35 25 p.c. 25 p.c.	40 p.c. 35 cts. 35 p.c. $1.50 45 p.c. 45 p.c.35 p.c. 15 cts.	40 p.c. 20 cts.	30 p.c. 10 cts.	35 p.c. 15 cts.	40 p.c. 20 cts.Free 10 p.c. 50 cts.	Free 10 p.c. 50 cts.	Free Free Free	Free Free 40 cts.	Free Free 40 cts.22j p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	22J p.c.	25 p.c.30 p.c.	35 p.c.	15 p.c.	22^ p.c.	25 p.c.Free	Free	Free	10 p.c.	15 p.c.
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
605
605a
607a
610a
616a
616b
625
683
684 689 689a 728
Belting leather in butts or bends; sole leather; and all leather
further finished than tanned, n.o.p	
Leather produced from East India tanned kip, uncoloured or coloured other than black, when imported for use exclusively
in lining boots and shoes; genuine reptile leathers	
Genuine pig leathers and genuine Morocco leathers; so-called
roller leathers	
Leather, not further finished than tanned, in whole hides, in grains, or splits, when imported by manufacturers of upholstering leathers, for use exclusively in the manufacture
of upholstering leathers, in their own factories	
Provided, that the Governor in Council may, when satisfied that the leather specified in this item is being produced in Canada, in quantity and quality sufficient for Canadian requirements, by Order in Council direct that this tariff item be repealed.
Belting of camel's hair, for machinery	
Rubber, crude, caoutchouc or india-rubber, unmanufactured; powdered rubber and rubber or gutta percha waste or junk; hard rubber in sheets but not further manufactured, and
recover! d rubber and rubber substitute	
Balata, crude, unmanufactured	
Gutta percha, unmanufactured	
India-rubber boots and shoes	
Caps, hats, muffs, tippets, capes, coats and cloaks of fur, and
other manufactures of fur, n.o.p	
Fertilizers, compounded or manufactured, n.o.p	
Barytes	
Rubber thread, not covered	
Charcoal, animal, for use in the refining of sugar	
Mineral wool	;	*
Hyposulphite of soda, when imported by tanners for use in their
own factories, in the tanning of leather	
Gasoline and steam engines, transmission assemblies and parts thereof, magnetos, starting motors, electric generators, propeller shafts, steel chassis frames, brakes, clutches, brake and clutch controls, steel road wheels, steel rims for pneumatic tires, larger than thirty inches by five inches, steering gears and front and rear axles, all of a class or kind not made in Canada, when imported by manufacturers^ of motor trucks (not for railways or tramways) or carrying goods only, for use only in the manufacture of such motor trucks	
12§ p.c.
Free
Free
Free
15 p.c.
Free
Free
Free
Free
15 p.c.
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
Free
27$ p.c.	27$ p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.	25 p.c.15 p.c.	15 p.c.	12$ p.c.	15 p.c.	15 p.c.27$ p.c.	27$ p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.	25 p.c.15 p.c.	15 p.c.	10 p.c.	15 p.c.	15 p.c.27$ p.c.	27 $p.c.	20 p.c.	25 p.c.	27$ p.c.Free	Free	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free22$ p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	22$ p.c.	25 p.c.30 p.c.	35 p.c.	20 p.c.	27$ p.c.	30 p.c.7$ p.c.	10 p.c.	5 p.c.	7$ p.c.	10 p.c.25 p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.	25 p.c.10 p.c.	15 p.c.	Free	Free	Free25 p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.	25 p.c.25 p.c.	25 p.c.	15 p.c.	25 p.c.	25 p.c.10 p.c.	10 p.c.	Free	Free	Free17$ p.c.	20 p.c.	15 p.c.	17$ p.c.	20 p.c.
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
156	COMMONS
Imperial Conference-Customs Tariff
2. Resolved, That any enactment founded upon the foregoing resolution shall be deemed to have come into force on the thirteenth day of October, One Thousand Nine Hundred and Thirty-Two, and to have applied to all goods mentioned in the foregoing resolution imported or taken out of warehouse for consumption on and after that date and to have applied to goods previously imported for consumption for which no entry for consumption was made before that date.
Mr. RHODES:: We can either go into
committee or a motion can be made that the debate be adjourned, as my right hon. friend may desire.


Mr. MACKENZIE KING:: We will be
glad to meet the wishes of my hon. friend in the matter.


Edgar Nelson Rhodes: Then if it is agreeable we might go into committee and come right out again.
Motion agreed to and the house went into committee, Mr. MacDonald (Cape Breton South) in the chair.
Progress reported.


Richard Bedford Bennett: Perhaps I should say to the house that the reason for this procedure is that the schedules will supplant the provisions of the tariff with respect to British preference items. This is part of the tariff structure, whereas in the other cases, like Australia and New Zealand, the agreements do not require that treatment. It is not a ways and means matter with respect to them: we proceed as we proceeded last year and on previous occasions with the French treaty and the Australian and New Zealand treaties, which have specific items. As this changes the tariff structure, it has to be done by ways and means, and I wanted the right hon. gentleman to know the reason it is being done.


William Lyon Mackenzie King: I notice that
my right hon. friend, with respect to the others, does not precede his notice of bills by any resolution.


Richard Bedford Bennett: No, it is unnecessary.


William Lyon Mackenzie King: Is it unnecessary ?


Richard Bedford Bennett: That is what I was endeavouring to say. I consulted the authorities, and the clerk is very clear about it in that regard.


William Lyon Mackenzie King: The rule
seems to be very explicit about any treaties that relate to trade having to be preceded by way of resolution. I should like to know what the clerk's reasons are.


Richard Bedford Bennett: I shall discuss the matter with him. I was going to put resolutions on the order paper with respect to the others, but the clerk, after taking some time to investigate the matter, reported that it was unnecessary and that we could proceed with the bills as we did last year in connection with the other matters. If it is thought desirable I can still put resolutions on the order paper.


William Lyon Mackenzie King: All right. As a matter of determining the further procedure, I believe it is understood that we shall debate in the first instance the resolution approving the treaties before we begin to discuss the items therein.


Richard Bedford Bennett: Quite so; and it is
understood that the further discussion will be postponed until Monday. I have assured the right hon. gentleman that the adjournment of the debate, which he has moved, will carry until Monday in order that an opportunity may be given to every member of the house to study the provisions of the agreements as indicated by the copies I have tabled today. So that we will not proceed further with this discussion until Monday. In the meantime, we will go on with the debate on the address.


Ernest Lapointe: Are copies now in the
distribution office?


Richard Bedford Bennett: Yes; they were available as soon as I concluded. .


GOVERNOR GENERAL'S SPEECH
[Stage Direction]
The house resumed from Tuesday, October 11, consideration of the motion of Mr. P. G. Davies for an address to His Excellency the Governor General in reply to his speech at the opening of the session, and the proposed amendment thereto of Mr. Mackenzie King.
Mr. PAUL MERCIER (St. Henri) (Translation) :: Mr. Speaker, we find in the speech
from the throne the following statement:
The problem of unemployment continues to receive the anxious attention of my ministers. Under the powers granted them at the last session of parliament, they have been able to develop further, in cooperation with the provinces and municipalities, a scheme of direct relief to be put into operation during the autumn and winter months to the extent required by prevailing conditions. Plans for the reestablishment of the unemployed in various parts of the country are in preparation and will become operative as soon as, in the opinion of my ministers, the public expenditure incident thereto will be productive of commensurate benefits.
Faced with the distress prevailing in Canada and especially in the city of Montreal

The Address-Mr. Mercier (St. Henri)
where the constituency I have the privilege of representing is located, I wonder how we shall continue this policy of dole which, in my opinion, has proved a total failure, under the circumstance, in relieving the unemployment. Our treasury is empty, the revenues of customs are decreasing; loans made, in the course of last year, have been expended. I wonder where we shall find the necessary funds to meet the enormous expenditures which await us without having again recourse to a new loan from the people.
In Montreal, more than 125,000 people depend on doles. In the constituency of St. Henri, there are a number of parishes where half the papulation receive this dole. This method of helping the unemployed is not entirely commendable. What is needed is work; it is not dole, as an hon. member expressed it yesterday, it is work with a decrease of wages, if you wish, but nevertheless work.
As winter approaches and during that entire season, it will be necessary not only to feed the unemployed but also lodge them. Clothes, underclothes, wood and coal will be needed. The oost will almost double. The present system of helping the unemployed, which is new and different from that which first prevailed, has failed. Last year, the Dominion government undertook certain works throughout the country, it contributed to provincial and municipal enterprises to the extent of one third, 20 per cent, or 40 per cent as the case may be. The government discontinued this method of relieving the unemployed and helping the municipalities. A new method was adopted. We can therefore safely say that the first failed. However, the new method is no better. As I stated last year in this house, and I must emphasize once more this point, we have very little advice to give to our friends in power, for we are aware that our advices would not be followed and that a member in the opposition, so to speak, simply appeals to the moon or the stars. We have, however, without the least conceitness, the courage of expressing our opinions.
We have always contended that the government should, itself, have supplied work to the people in Canada, to the population of Montreal, particularly, which I claim as a member of one of the constituencies of that city. The government should have utilized the money received from the federal revenues to carry out federal enterprises, and provided for the future as well as the present. For instance, work should have been undertaken in the port of Montreal. I read in the newspapers that elevators had been rented in Prescott, Ontario, to store grain at
the approach of autumn. Whether this is true, I cannot say, but if it is so, why not have built an additional elevator in the harbour at Montreal? This would have given work to labourers, workmen, engineers and to all those who are connected with construction work. If it were necessary also to build one in Quebec, it should have been constructed. Thus work would have been available and, if it be true that great prosperity is at our door, as we are assured by hon. gentlemen opposite, we would have been ready to welcome it. Later, when the time comes to request further public enterprises in Canada, the answer will be:	We have no
more funds, we expended, when unemployment prevailed, our last cent without any returns, in charity, direct assistance and food for the unemployed. If this money had been expended wisely, provision would have been made for ten or fifteen years to come, while waiting for the financial situation to clear; it would have been possible for the country to meet future expenditures, while giving the people work and bread. All would have benefited. Municipalities and provinces would have been forced to carry out works, the provinces would have contributed their quota to relieve the unemployed, the Dominion government equally so, and, in all fields of activities, municipal, provincial or federal, we would have accomplished deeds which would have benefited, permanently, the public service. Looking forward to the future, investing wisely our money, we would have built in the various counties of the dominion public edifices which, in certain localities are absolutely necessary.
What is, at present, the lot of the working classes in our cities. I now broach that part of the amendment moved by the right hon. leader of the opposition (Mr. Mackenzie King) which states;
This house is of the opinion that the tariff policies of the present administration have seriously injured the trade of Canada and have intensified the economic depression, and that the government has wholly failed to afford a remedy for unemployment and agricultural distress as pledged by the Prime Minister.
The house regrets that, except the dole, the government has no policy with respect to the relief of unemployment.
If you travel through the city of Montreal, you will notice that there are many vacant houses. If you call at the city hall and examine the list of properties prepared by the clerk for the sheriff's sale you will note that they are very numerous. You will equally note that there are a great number of tax arrears and that property owners whose
158	COMMONS
The Address-Mr. Mercier (St. Henri)
names do not appear on the sheriff's list, are really in debt because the tenants do not pay their rent. On the other hand, should you glance towards our factories, you will note that no smoke escapes from their smokestacks, and that one might, to some extent, compare the situation of 1932 to that of 1896, when the doors of our industrial establishments were closed, and the wheels of our western pioneers' wagons emigrating to the United States left deep furrows in our roads. The labourer has no work and, I repeat it, federal undertakings should be started to help the working classes which would find the relief they have long awaited.
Furthermore, what is the lot of our farmers? No markets exist. The local market is practically nil, and at present, no foreign markets can be found. There is hardly any sale for his farm products, and the little profits he receives do not remunerate him sufficiently for the care of his herd and the efforts he devotes to his tillage and crops. The farmer, at present, lives almost without hope.
Our factories which find sponsors in our friends to your right, sir, are far from being prosperous. In the constituency of St. Henri, there are 100 to 150 factories whose blastfurnaces are burning low, the steam which they generate is not sufficient to operate the whistle which calls the workers to their work. The Dominion Textile Co., in St. Henri, operates but a few days per week, notwithstanding the great protection granted to it by the party in power.
I again refer to the methods which I advocated a moment ago. About 1912 or 1913, I think, the pillars of a new customs building were laid on McGill street, in Montreal. These pillars cost over $1,000,000, without taking into account the amounts paid out for the expropriation or the purchase of the property. Ever since then, these foundations lay there and will suffer from exposure; no consideration was given to endow Montreal with a new customs building. For ever so long the need of one has been felt. The foundations were laid under a Conservative regime, that of the Borden government, and, since that date, the work was discontinued. These would have been the means to partially relieve unemployment by giving work to numerous artisans employed in various trades:	metal work, reinforced concrete,
marble, electric installations and all which pertains to the heating system. It would have given work to the carpenters, brick-lMr. P. Mercier.]
layers and all trades' people of Montreal, yet nothing was done.
The Liberal party had appropriated a certain amount previous to 1930, to erect a new post office in Montreal. This building is not yet built. The question of expropriation is still pending. Will it take place in the near future? We know nothing of it. If this post office had been erected, it would also have been a boon to the workmen and tradesmen of Montreal.
A sum had also been appropriated in 1930, for a small post office in the constituency of St. Henri, but when the Conservative party assumed power, the wind blew it away. The erection of this building was much needed and would have afforded work to about 50 men.
This house, under the Liberal regime had appropriated $50,000,000 for Canadian National Railway works in Montreal. St. Henri was to benefit by it. The Canadian National Railway crosses my constituency, where there are junction lines and yards where cars are taken care of. If this undertaking conceived by us, the Liberal party, previous to 1930, had been carried out it would have afforded work to thousands of workmen.
If the Canadian National Railway station had been erected, the plans of which had been prepared, work again would have been available for thousands of workmen. Expropriations were carried out, the earthwork is finished and today we have in Montreal a wide open pit, in the heart of the city, at a spot where the travelling public continuously pass, it is a grave, a symbol of the approaching death of the present administration. If the new Canadian National Railway station had been erected in that locality, it would have served as a monument to the glory of the present government which would have thus continued worthily the deeds of their predecessors.
If viaducts had been constructed in the county of St. Henri-one at the corner of St. Ferdinand and Notre Dame streets-such works w'ould have afforded relief, the general plans of the Canadian National Railway would have thus been carried out.
Instead of this, a vain attempt was made to relieve unemployment by dole. Our working classes earn without providing for the future. A number of them have even forgotten their trade, and it may take them perhaps months to acquire skill in the work which was so dear to them in the past.
The future holds no prospect for them. They must be content with the dole they

The Address-Mr. Mercier (St. Henri)
receive since Montreal is on the eve of becoming like a celebrated Belgium city where the river which flows through it hardly carries any water, it is often called "Bruges the dead." It would be unfortunate to see Montreal become like that Belgium city. The whistles of boats are no more heard and those of factories are silent, the worker rises no more in the morning to go to work, he gets up late in the day to receive once a week charity in the form of dole. This system is repugnant to the good and honest workmen because it is contrary to their principles. What can be done? This government cannot give them work; it cannot raise the necessary money to carry out works and at the same time activate trade.
Moreover, this government was born from the crisis. Had they not taken as a pretext the crisis at the general election, giving assurance that they would relieve it immediately, the people would not have put them in power. However, this crisis which gave it birth will also be its doom. It will drag it with it, because certainly the depression will not forsake its offspring when it bids farewell to this beautiful country. Both will depart when prosperity returns to Canada, the best and the sincerest companion of the Liberal party.
If we examine section 2, chapter III of the statutes enacted at the second session of 1931, we find that this section 2 authorizes the cabinet to prohibit the importation of all goods coming directly or indirectly from a country which did not attach its signature to the Versailles treaty. Certainly it is by virtue of this authorization that this government has placed an embargo on the importation of lumber, pulpwood, furs and coal from Russia. However, by order in council, the embargo on Russian furs was lifted in 1931, and ever since they have entered the country like all other goods. This was a great revelation to the Canadian people who really were under the impression that Russian products would be barred from this country. A few citizens were anxious to export farm implements to Russia. We could have received from Russia an order for 85,000,000. The Massey-Harris company, manufacturers of farm implements, would have opened their doors wide and given work to numerous people by turning out 85,000,000 worth of farm implements. This company was requested not to accept this order. Mr. Mackie, trade agent of the Soviet republic, saw his plans upset. The embargo was lifted on furs, but the exportation of farm implements was prohibited.
We may now discuss the last Imperial conference, for this afternoon the right hon.
Prime Minister (Mr. Bennett) moved the adoption of the trade agreements which resulted from this conference; we certainly witnessed a brilliant display of fireworks and, tomorrow when these agreements have been examined we shall be in a better position to form an opinion concerning them. However, a very strange event took place shortly after the conference came to a close; we received Russian oil, shipped to Montreal in a Danish ship. This ship had to remain at anchor for eight days before being informed whether it might land its oil or have to return to Russia. The following is what we find in this connection in the Montreal La Presse, dated September 20, 1932.
Sarcasms in connection with the barter of Russian oil.
The free-trade press jeers at the part played by the Hon. Mr. Bennett as regards the embargo on Soviet products and states that the profits will go to Americans.
London 20.-The barter of aluminium wire manufactured by the Aluminium Co. of Canada for Russian oil gives rise to ironical comments in the free-trade press.
"The Prime Minister of Canada is to be congratulated on this barter, states the Star (of London). Mr. Bennett nearly ruined the conference at Ottawa because our representatives would not sacrifice the small amount of business we carry on with Russia. However, the Aluminium Co. at that moment was preparing to barter.	.
Mr. Bennett is entitled to rejoice in seeing that this loading or unloading affords work to 3,000 Canadians who need it. We are glad to note that even Mr. Bennett can, when the occasion arises, set aside his prejudices. _
The Manchester Guardian under the heading of "Pillar of Empire," wonders whether Mr. Bennett, knew when he made his gallant stand, on the embargo on Soviet products, that Canadian manufacturers had in their pocket an order of such importance. The evidence so far to hand suggests that he did know.
This is not the only amusing fact of this most unimperial affair. A Danish and not a British vessel is chartered to carry the oil and the net profits of the transaction will find their way into the United States, for the Aluminium Co. of Canada is a subsidiary of Mr. Mellon's -the present ambassador of the United States to England-famous corporation. No wonder Mr. Bennett's nerves became a little frayed towards the close of the Imperial conference.
These are the comments of this London newspaper, in connection with this permit to import Russian oil in our beautiful Canada, after the assurance given a few days previous that never Russian products would reach our markets to compete with our oil industries.
Mr. Speaker, at the last dominion election, our province of Quebec, good-naturedly or through absent-mindedness, when blinded, as it were, with a superabundance of butter, elected nineteen Conservative members, all brilliant men and gentlemen, with a future
160	COMMONS
The Address-Mr. Mercier (St. Henri)
ahead of them, in fact all good Canadians. I shall close my remarks by appealing to the spirit of patriotism which must exist in the souls and hearts of our friends the French Canadians on the opposite side, towards our people. The French Canadian has done a great deal for Canada. We settled here as pioneers. Our forebears founded New France, the first colony in this country, at a time while Englishmen settled in New England, and took over New York. We have grown here, we have always considered ourselves at home here. In 1763, following the surrender of Canada we continued to defend our rights and, following the union of the two Canadas, we entered into the wider pact of Confederation which bound us to the other provinces and guaranteed us certain rights. We now have a civil service through which we administer all the affairs of the dominion government. I appeal to the present government, to my colleagues on the opposite side, to my good friends the nineteen French Canadian members, to see to it that the French Canadian race be given a fair deal, not only in parliament, but throughout all the civil service departments. We have but two French Canadian deputy ministers. We should have at least three or four and even more. However , when the question of appointments which are to be made in the near future, comes up, I trust that the government, convinced by all the French Canadians who at present support it, will grant to our people the quota to which they are entitled; they will then note that our race has never forfeited their good name, that it comprises talented young men who can live on an equal footing and in harmony with their English brethren, the best of them, for the good administration of all the federal service.
On motion of Mr. Maclnnis the debate was adjourned.
On motion of Mr. Bennett the house adjourned at 5.55 p.m.
Thursday, October 13, 1932