Content-based watermarking model
We propose a general additive watermarking model based on the content of digital images, called CBWM (content-based watermarking model). It provides a common basis to study many existing watermarking algorithms that are based on unitary transforms and to evaluate their performance and characteristics. CBWM is designed to address two important issues of digital watermarking. One is the requirement of robustness. In order to improve robustness and security, the embedded watermark is designed to be orthogonal to the feature vector of the original image, which means that watermarking casting is image content dependent. The second issue is watermark detection. CBWM presents a statistical approach to watermark detection based on the Neyman-Pearson criterion and describes a method for computing the probability of false alarm and missing rejection during watermark detection. In experimental tests, CBWM is applied to the popular discrete cosine transform and promising results are obtained.