Green Wireless Communications: A Time-Reversal Paradigm
Green wireless communications have received considerable attention recently in hope of finding novel solutions to improve energy efficiency for the ubiquity of wireless applications. In this paper, we argue and show that the time-reversal (TR) signal transmission is an ideal paradigm for green wireless communications because of its inherent nature to fully harvest energy from the surrounding environment by exploiting the multi-path propagation to re-collect all the signal energy that would have otherwise been lost in most existing communication paradigms. A green wireless technology must ensure low energy consumption and low radio pollution to others than the intended user. In this paper, we show through theoretical analysis, numerical simulations and experiment measurements that the TR wireless communications, compared to the conventional direct transmission using a Rake receiver, reveals significant transmission power reduction, achieves high interference alleviation ratio, and exhibits large multi-path diversity gain. As such it is an ideal paradigm for the development of green wireless systems. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show an order of magnitude improvement in terms of transmit power reduction and interference alleviation. Experimental measurements in a typical indoor environment also demonstrate that the transmit power with TR based transmission can be as low as 20% of that without TR, and the average radio interference (thus radio pollution) even in a nearby area can be up to 6dB lower. A strong time correlation is found to be maintained in the multi-path channel even when the environment is varying, which indicates high bandwidth efficiency can be achieved in TR radio communications.