A two-stage method for DOA estimation using spherical arrays
Spherical arrays have become a popular research topic in recent years because of their advantages in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. In this paper, we develop a two-stage method (TSM) based on spherical arrays to estimate DOAs of source signals. First, we propose a novel spherical harmonics estimation of signal parameter via rotational invariance technique that independently obtains the elevation using one recurrence relation of spherical harmonics (SHESPRIT-ELE). Second, we utilize spherical harmonics root-MUSIC, which can only obtain the azimuth with a determined elevation, to estimate the azimuth based on the elevation obtained in the first stage (SHRMUSIC-AZI). The proposed TSM owns high estimation accuracy and low computational complexity. The simulation results verify the performance of the proposed method.