Speeding up the calculation of heuristics for heuristic search-based planning
Heuristic search-based planners, such as HSP 2.0, solve STRIPS-style planning problems efficiently but spend about eighty percent of their planning time on calculating the heuristic values. In this paper, we systematically evaluate alternative methods for calculating the heuristic values for HSP 2.0 and demonstrate that the resulting planning times differ substantially. HSP 2.0 calculates each heuristic value by solving a relaxed planning problem with a dynamic programming method similar to value iteration. We identify two different approaches for speeding up the calculation of heuristic values, namely to order the value updates and to reuse information from the calculation of previous heuristic values. We then show how these two approaches can be combined, resulting in our PINCH method. PINCH outperforms both of the other approaches individually as well as the methods used by HSP 1.0 and HSP 2.0 for most of the large planning problems tested. In fact, it speeds up the planning time of HSP 2.0 by up to eighty percent in several domains and, in general, the amount of savings grows with the size of the domains, allowing HSP 2.0 to solve larger planning problems than was possible before in the same amount of time and without changing its overall operation.