A Planar Integrated Left-Handed Microstrip Line Formed by Linearly Placed Spiral Elements
A planar integrated left-handed microstrip line formed by linearly placed spiral elements is presented in this paper. This structure is simple to fabricate and is scalable to higher frequencies, which is ideal for microwave and millimeter-wave hybrid integrated circuit (HMIC) and monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) applications. Left-handed propagations over this kind of transmission line are validated by both full-wave simulations and experimental measurements.