Conclusion of Chapter 2
Explanatory and etymological dictionaries have recorded meanings of “crisis” in English and Chinese and their footprints of transformation due to the change of society in different periods of times, such as the origin use of crisis in English is diffusely seen in medical sphere referring to an illness which is at its peak, and later, it was started to be used in political discourse. So as the meanings of “crisis” in Chinese. In classical Chinese (文言文), which is mostly used in ancient time, there are numerous possibilities of the understandings of the morpheme “危機” (crisis). However, it has changed with the background of time and space in modern Chinese-speaking world, that is, China, Singapore, Taiwan and Malaysia. Nowadays, the understanding of the morpheme “危機” (crisis) in Chinese vernacular (白話文) has been restricted to refer to the two above mentioned meanings in dictionaries. As concepts of crisis could be changed with time, the study of concepts of crisis is meaningful. According to our analysis of the verbalizations of crisis in English, and the word “crisis” used in different phases based on the contexts, we notice that the meaning of crisis in English could also be used before a crisis has happened, like the phrase below,   “Yet another crisis might happen in China, caused by insolvent shadow banks, bursting asset bubbles, or indebted local governments.” (How Likely Is a Financial Crisis in China? November 17, 2015)   This fragment of report shows a prediction of crisis which has chance to occur in China. The word “crisis” is used with the purpose to alarm readers and politicians in political media discourse. Hence, we consider that the definitions given by dictionaries serve as the foundation of concept of the lexeme “crisis”, and the addressors decide ways of its verbalizations. Except for the linguistic features, a phenomenon of the use of “crisis” in political discourse in Chinese is worthy our attention. To analyze the verbalizations of 危機 (crisis) in Chinese political media discourse, we collect newspapers not only from China, but from Taiwan as well. We notice that there are differences of the use of “crisis” in the Chinese speaking world. First, the intention of delivering their ideology. When crisis is used in political media discourse in China, most of the contexts refer to a problem occurred in other countries. And it also reveals an information which indicates that the political system of China might be the most suitable system over the world and at the same time, China is a responsible country and is ready to help other countries. In this case, we can see examples like the border crisis in the United States, the humanitarian crisis in Syria, the interference of NATO in the Ukraine crisis, etc. This aspect is also shown in the study of G. A. Arsenova, Representation of the concept of "crisis" in media discourse (on the example of daily publications in Russian and Chinese). Second, with the purpose to shape the image of China inside the country. When the word “crisis” is used to indicate a problem in China, it usually comes with a positive attitude about creating a better future, such as,   “我们深信，矛盾孕育变革，危机开启新局。” (团结合作战危机，全球治理开新局, November 20, 2020)  (translation: We are convinced that contradictions breed changes and crises open up a new situation.)    The third difference of the use of “crisis” in Chinese newspapers between China and Taiwan is that most of the newspapers in Taiwan rather to focus on domestic political situation. On the contrary, newspapers in China involve more issues at a global level.    In this chapter we show several facts of the verbalization of the concepts of “crisis”, like the definitions of “crisis” which reveal the basic understanding of the lexical unit; collocations used in English and Chinese and their numbers of use; the phases of “crisis” referred in newspapers; the differences of the “crisis” used in Chinese newspapers. With these evidences, we consider that the verbalizations of crisis are diverse and dynamic. And there are both similarities and divergences in English and Chinese.   
The article discusses the verbalization of the concept of “crisis” in English and China. The main difference between the languages is the fact that in English, the meaning of the lexeme “crisis” has been restricted to refer to an illness which has reached its maximum, while in China, the meaning of the lexeme “crisis” has been used to indicate a problem in the country. The main idea of the article is to convey the idea that the crisis is not an unusual problem, but it can be resolved by the help of other states.