Conclusion of Chapter 1
Concept and discourse as key notions and objects in linguistics have become popular in the late 20th century. The main reason is that concept and discourse both are related to human activities, and both of them include extralinguistic factors which are human mind, mentality, social value and ideology, tradition and culture. Although there are many studies of concept and discourse, both of them still don’t have a concrete and explicit definition. However, based on the previous works and opinion provided by different scholars, we can sort out the general features of concept and discourse.  Concept is seen as an interpreter of information and a way to understand human mind. The view of concept given by Stepanov who indicates that concept reflects a person’s experience and understanding to the world and culture, and their relationships are interactive is considered the most acceptable version. Due to the fact that concept is related to mental image, and it contains background information of society, different cultures, the mental progress of human, concept is changeable because of different understandings. Many scholars give their ideas that concept is cognitive (mental structure) and linguocultural (cultural-ethnic component). Therefore, studying the concept of crisis, we need to consider elements, such as history, social phenomenon, culture.  Since the study of concept has been developed for a period of time, there are many methods to study concepts. The selection of methods depends on the subject, types of research (about content, structure etc.) and perspectives (linguistic, philosophical, psychological etc.) Based on these methods, this study focuses on special linguistic features of concept actualization in English and Chinese media political language and linguistic units of political discourse actualizing the concept of crisis. Concept is recorded in different kinds of discourse, such as media discourse, medical discourse, political discourse due to the fact that discourse is immersed in life, and it can be written and spoken forms. Discourse is considered to have certain functions, such as to communicate with people, to express a purpose, to influence people’s consciousness, to objectify types of social relations etc. The difficulty of defining the political discourse is that everyday discourse which contains political issues might be considered as political discourse. In this thesis, we adopt the understanding of political discourse which is provided by Graber who limits the meaning of political discourse as a discourse which contains political contexts and political actors to make our subject and resources more specific.  Media is considered to be a tool for politicians to achieve their purposes and influence people’s opinion. Political media discourse is a channel for political actors to realize political reality, transmit ideology and influence public opinion. And in the progress of circulating information in texts, worldviews and concepts are transmitted as well. Therefore, to study the concept of crisis in political discourse seems relevant.          
В данной статье рассматривается вопрос о специфических лингвистических особенностях реализации концепта кризиса в английском и китайском политическом языке и языковых единицах политического дискурса. Автор подчеркивает, что концепция является неотъемлемой частью человеческой деятельности, и ее изучение требует учета элементов, таких как история, социальное явление, культура.