1.3.
There can be stated that digital ecosystem creation processes gain popularity among Russian scientists. For instance, there are many articles, that review 5 major Russian ecosystem creators, that are also reviewed there. Precisely, there are a lot of articles on topic, written and published in the 2019-2020 period.  Ekaterina Stolyarova (2020) reviewed key elements of digital ecosystem creation. She also identified key success factors for creating and operating digital ecosystems in business. Among them, she listed: The right selection of services for the digital ecosystem Support for the innovation of the technology platform Availability of a full-fledged technology platform A clear plan for the creation and development of the ecosystem High speed of creating a technology platform Creative approaches usage Availability of competencies within the company According to this, she reviewed ecosystems of Sber, MTS, Yandex, Alibaba, Amazon and Tencent. Primarily, she analyzed their service availability. Another important article was presented by Bykanova, Gordya and Ten (2020), who analyzed how Russian banks changed to digital ecosystems. Precisely, they analyzed ecosystem creation in Sber, VTB, Tinkoff and Alfa-bank. They provided analysis of different services and platforms. Then, they analyzed product lines of ecosystems of Sber, Tinkoff, Yandex, MTS and Mail.ru group.  They divided ecosystem services into 15 major directions and created a table of services. In conclusion, they mentioned that ecosystems will evolve more and more and that field of digital ecosystems in Russia must be studied more. To add, many authors concentrated on financial sphere as a primarily ecosystem creators. For instance, Malyavkina and Savina analyzed digital transformations of Sber, VTB, Gazprombank and Rosselkhozbank. They state that banks are transforming into ecosystems and try to provide customers with almost any service and support them throughout their entire life cycle. As they analyze financial organizations, they emphasize role of original banking services as a basis for the development of digital ecosystems. Furthermore, transformation if financial organizations is related to the expansion of product (service) lines beyond the traditional scope of the bank, and customers get additional services that are synergistic with original banking products and services. To support and visualize these ideas, they created a model of modern digital ecosystem in financial companies.   Pic 1 Model of modern digital ecosystem in financial companies  To conclude, this model is general and common for the digital ecosystem, based on banks in Russia. In addition, there are suggested 3 models of digital ecosystem creations of banks. Bubnova (2020) suggested several models, such as:  Synchronization of the banking infrastructure with the life of the client,  Marketplace creation Merger of banks, Merger of banks and other financial structures.  Another classification was provided by Vakhrushev, Kalsin & Niederstrat (2020), who identified 3 similar models. According to their article, there are: Building an ecosystem together with partner companies. Creating own services as elements of the ecosystem. Marketplace creation Some authors concentrated not on the whole Russian digital ecosystems market, but precisely on some companies-creators. For instance, Ivanin and Sergeeva (2020) analyzed how Sber ecosystems is building.  As they stated, there is bank’s own technology platform in the center of ecosystem, and “it allows to use open interfaces, cloud technologies and analysis to provide real-time service to bank customers”. Then they confirm the idea that is mentioned in previous parts of this article – ecosystem of Sber, as many other contemporary platforms, is aimed on satisfaction as many as possible needs of customers.  
Digital Ecosystems Creation: A Review of 5 Russian Creators (2019-2020)

Digital Ecosystems Creation is a popular topic among Russian scientists. For example, Ekaterina Stolyarova (2019) reviewed key elements of digital ecosystems. Then, Bykanova, Gordya and Ten (2020) analyzed how Russian banks changed to digital ecosystems. They also analyzed the product lines of ecosystems of Sber, Tinkoff, Yandex, Alibaba, Amazon and Tencent.